CN110364331B - Maintenance-free moisture absorber with state monitoring function and monitoring method - Google Patents
Maintenance-free moisture absorber with state monitoring function and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110364331B CN110364331B CN201910791461.8A CN201910791461A CN110364331B CN 110364331 B CN110364331 B CN 110364331B CN 201910791461 A CN201910791461 A CN 201910791461A CN 110364331 B CN110364331 B CN 110364331B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D22/00—Control of humidity
- G05D22/02—Control of humidity characterised by the use of electric means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/20—Status alarms responsive to moisture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
- H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
- H01F27/12—Oil cooling
- H01F27/14—Expansion chambers; Oil conservators; Gas cushions; Arrangements for purifying, drying, or filling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
- H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means
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Abstract
The utility model provides a state monitorable non-maintaining desiccator and monitoring method, non-maintaining desiccator includes outside air detection sensor, filtered air detection sensor, respiratory state detection sensor, the control panel, heater block detection sensor, display module and drive module, adopt the rain-proof cover that sets gradually from top to bottom, the desiccator body, filtered air surge bin and control box, the inside evaporation condensation chamber that forms of rain-proof cover, set up the sensor according to the gas flow direction in relevant position and gather required signal, the on-line monitoring and the alarming function of various states have been realized, more be fit for on-the-spot practical application. Compared with the existing moisture absorber and the maintenance-free moisture absorber, the maintenance-free moisture absorber and the monitoring method can realize the detection of the breathing state, the detection of blocked breathing, the detection of the quality of filtered air, the detection of outside air, the detection of a silica gel heating part, the moisture-affected identification and the heating dehydration control of silica gel, ensure the stable operation of the moisture absorber and prolong the service life of equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of moisture absorbers, in particular to a maintenance-free moisture absorber with a state capable of being monitored and a monitoring method.
Background
Insulating oil is filled in most of primary equipment such as large transformers, reactors, capacitors and the like in a power system, as shown in figure 1, the oil level changes due to thermal changes in the operation process, so that air is sucked and exhausted from a breathing pipeline connected to the top of the equipment; if the breathing pipeline is directly connected with the external atmosphere, moist air or unclean air enters primary equipment, and hidden danger is brought to safe operation of the equipment; therefore, a moisture absorber is additionally arranged at the tail end of the breathing pipeline, as shown in figure 2, the moisture absorber consists of a glass bottle with a drying agent (silica gel) inside and a glass cup oil seal with transformer oil, when a piece of equipment inhales, outside air enters the glass bottle with the drying agent through the oil seal and then reaches the inside of the equipment along the breathing pipeline, and therefore moisture and dust in the air are effectively filtered. The drying agent (silica gel) in the moisture absorber can absorb moisture in a certain time and is saturated and loses the drying effect, new silica gel needs to be replaced under the condition, related procedures need to be handled when the new silica gel is replaced, safety protection of equipment and personnel is well done, at least two people are replaced under the condition of the field, moreover, the replaced waste silica gel is discarded at will and can bring pollution to the environment, and thus, inconvenience is brought to the use of the device.
In recent years, different kinds of maintenance-free moisture absorbers are produced, and the method which is commonly adopted utilizes the characteristic that moisture absorption saturated silica gel can be dehydrated and reduced after being heated so as to achieve the purpose of recycling, thereby avoiding the problem of periodically and manually replacing the silica gel. The existing method is realized by placing a heating device in a silica gel desiccant glass bottle, automatically drying the damp silica gel and realizing the reutilization of the silica gel. However, the existing moisture absorber products in the market still have some problems, and several key indexes of the equipment are not comprehensively monitored, and self faults or potential operation risks cannot be comprehensively positioned or predicted, so that the safety operation guarantee is difficult to be well provided for the main equipment, and the problems are specifically embodied in the following aspects:
firstly, the breathing state is difficult to identify, and the automatic monitoring of electric power is difficult to realize no matter the bubbles are observed through an oil seal or pressure measuring equipment is additionally arranged; secondly, the breathing obstruction condition can not be accurately identified, the breathing obstruction is judged by only depending on a pressure measurement mode, the condition when a pipeline valve is closed is ignored, and the misjudgment is easily formed; the quality of the air flowing through the moisture absorber is not detected or only the humidity index is detected, so that the over-standard gas is easy to enter primary equipment, and potential safety hazards are formed; the moisture degree of the silica gel in a certain time is closely related to meteorological conditions of different regions and load fluctuation of primary equipment without measuring environmental indexes of the equipment, and the established silica gel moisture identification model and the established heating dehydration control model are not rich enough and have poor effect; and fifthly, the detection link of the silica gel heating part is absent or the means is single, the operation condition of the part is difficult to accurately identify, and when the heating link fails, an alarm prompt cannot be sent and the position where the failure occurs cannot be located.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a maintenance-free moisture absorber with a monitorable state and a monitoring method thereof, which can be used for detecting a breathing state, detecting blocked breathing, detecting filtered air quality, detecting external air and detecting a silica gel heating part, and provides a silica gel moisture-bearing identification criterion model and a silica gel heating and dehydration control model.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following technical means:
a state-monitorable maintenance-free moisture absorber comprises an outside air detection sensor, a filtered air detection sensor, a breathing state detection sensor, a control panel, a heating component detection sensor, a display module and a driving module; the outside air detection sensor and the filtered air detection sensor are used for detecting atmospheric pressure, temperature and humidity, particulate matters and sulfur dioxide; the breath state detection sensor is used for detecting the flow of the exhaled gas and the flow of the inhaled gas; the control panel is used for judging the breathing state, identifying the affected moisture of the silica gel, judging the blocked breathing, counting and evaluating the operation data, judging the heating part of the silica gel and controlling the heating and dehydration of the silica gel; the heating component detection sensor is used for detecting the temperature, the current, the voltage and the electric energy of the heating component; the display module is used for alarming, prompting, displaying numerical values and curves and displaying working states; the driving module is used for driving the heating device to heat, and the heating device comprises a heating element arranged in the control box and a heating component arranged in the silica gel particle layer; the external air detection sensor, the filtered air detection sensor, the breathing state detection sensor, the heating part detection sensor, the display module and the driving module are in bidirectional signal interaction with the control panel; the control panel is arranged in the control box, and a display module, a wiring arrowhead and an external air detection sensor which are connected with the control panel are arranged outside the control box; the top of the control box is sequentially provided with an air filtering buffer bin, a moisture absorber body and a rain cover upwards, a filtered air detection sensor is arranged in the filtered air buffer bin, an evaporation and condensation cavity is formed inside the rain cover, a silica gel particle layer and an activated carbon layer are filled in the moisture absorber body from top to bottom, the caliber of the rain cover is larger than that of the moisture absorber body, and a breathing channel is formed between the inner wall of the bottom of the rain cover and the outer wall of the top of the moisture absorber body; the respiratory tube with the mounting flange sequentially penetrates through the silica gel particle layer and the activated carbon layer from top to bottom of the rain shield and is inserted into the filtered air buffer bin; the heating component detection sensor comprises a temperature sensor arranged on the heating component, and the breathing state detection sensor is arranged on the periphery of the end part of the breathing pipe positioned in the filtered air buffer bin; the filtered air buffer bin is communicated with the outside of the equipment through a pipeline, and a water outlet with a check valve is arranged at the end part of the pipeline.
Filtered air detect the sensor setting in the end of breathing pipe, filtered air detect the sensor and deviate through thermal balance and the signal of telecommunication that reflects changes, send into the control panel after the processing of conditioning circuit to whether there is the breathing air current in the acquisition breathing pipe, show the respiratory state, control panel automatic recording breathes the number of times, categorised statistics is out the number of times of breathing on a day, the number of times of breathing on a month, the number of times of breathing on a quarter, the number of times of breathing on a year, and generate the breathing curve, look over or serial communication remote monitoring through display module.
The outside air detection sensor and the filtered air detection sensor respectively comprise a humidity measurement sensor with a temperature compensation function, a dust sensor and an SO2A sensor for detecting the dryness, dust concentration and SO of the air filtered by the moisture absorber in real time2Content, and the dryness, dust concentration and SO of the air outside the moisture absorber can be detected in real time by an outside air detection sensor2And the control panel provides a criterion for silica gel regeneration and maintenance according to the acquired data.
The heating component detection sensor measures heating temperature through a temperature sensor adhered to the surface of the heating component, measures heating current through a current transformer connected in the heating loop in series, measures voltage through a conditioning circuit connected on the heating loop in parallel, and calculates consumed electric energy according to the measured current amount and voltage.
Data, filtered air detection sensor detection data, outside air detection sensor detection data and heating part detection sensor detection data that respiratory state detection sensor gathered carry out logical computation and arithmetic operation, reach actual silica gel degree of wetting data, compare with preset data again, if be greater than zero, then judge that silica gel is wetted, heat dehydration reduction to it.
The invention relates to a monitoring method of a maintenance-free moisture absorber with a state capable of being monitored, which comprises the following steps:
in the inspiration working process, the outside air firstly passes through the silica gel particle layer and the activated carbon layer through the breathing channel, then reaches the filtered air buffer bin, enters the breathing pipe through the breathing state detection sensor, and finally sends the dry and clean air into the main equipment; in the exhalation working process, air in the main equipment enters the filtered air buffer bin through the breathing pipe and the breathing state detection sensor, part of the air sequentially passes through the activated carbon layer and the silica gel particle layer to reach the evaporation and condensation cavity and then is discharged to the outside of the equipment along the breathing channel, the water outlet with the check valve is opened in the working process for discharging condensed water, and meanwhile, the water outlet is limited by the caliber, so that another small amount of air can be discharged to the outside of the equipment through the water outlet with the check valve;
-detection of a breathing state;
the filtered air detection sensor arranged at the tail end of the breathing tube detects the gas flow by utilizing a thermal balance principle, the filtered air detection sensor reflects the electric signal change through thermal balance deviation, and the electric signal change is sent to the control panel after being processed by the conditioning circuit, so that whether the breathing gas flow exists in the breathing tube is known, the breathing state is displayed, and the breathing frequency is recorded;
-detection of an obstruction of breathing;
the method comprises the following steps that a breathing tube obtains an atmospheric pressure value of a region through an external air detection sensor in a breathing balance state, and then the standard atmospheric pressure value of the region is stored; if the value read in the operation process is inconsistent with the pre-stored region standard value, performing data filtering, subtracting the standard value from the effective data which is filtered to remove the interference, judging whether the data result exceeds the set range, and if the data result exceeds the set range, determining that the breathing is blocked;
-filtered air quality detection;
the dryness, dust concentration and SO of the air filtered by the moisture absorber are detected in real time by the filtered air detection sensor2Content, the control panel provides a criterion for silica gel regeneration and maintenance according to the acquired data;
-outside air detection;
the dryness, dust concentration and SO of the external ambient air of the moisture absorber are detected in real time by an external air detection sensor2Content, the control panel provides a criterion for silica gel regeneration and maintenance according to the acquired data;
-detection of a silica gel heating element;
measuring the surface temperature of the heating component, connecting a current transformer in series with the heating loop to measure the heating current, connecting a conditioning circuit in parallel with the heating loop to measure the voltage, and calculating the consumed electric energy according to the measured current amount and the measured voltage amount;
-silica gel moisture identification;
subtracting the filtered air humidity value from the outside air humidity value in the air suction state, carrying out logic calculation and arithmetic operation on data acquired by the breathing state detection sensor, the filtered air detection sensor detection data, the outside air detection sensor detection data and the heating part detection sensor detection data to obtain actual silica gel moisture degree data, comparing the actual silica gel moisture degree data with preset data, and judging that the silica gel is wetted if the comparison result is greater than zero.
During the breath obstruction detection, if a breath obstruction is confirmed:
if the external temperature is below zero at the moment, the possibility of respiratory obstruction caused by freezing of the respiratory opening is high, and the control panel automatically starts heating for deicing; if the external temperature is above zero, the possibility of breathing blockage caused by dust deposition at the breathing port is high, and the control panel automatically starts to alarm; the breathing that leads to forgetting to open after the breathing pipeline valve overhauls is obstructed, and its identification method is through breathing the number of times in certain time to judge, if does not have the breathing phenomenon to take place in the set time, think that breathing is obstructed and send out the warning simultaneously.
And after the silica gel is affected with damp, the heating assembly is controlled to heat and dehydrate the silica gel, the evaporation speed of water vapor generated in the silica gel heating and dehydrating process in the equipment is calculated according to the environmental temperature and humidity data and the atmospheric pressure value of the application region of the equipment, and the heating time is deduced.
Compared with the prior art, the maintenance-free moisture absorber has the following beneficial effects: adopt rain-proof cover, desiccator body, filtered air surge bin and the control box that sets gradually from top to bottom, the inside formation evaporation condensation chamber of rain-proof cover sets up the sensor according to the gas flow direction and gathers required signal in relevant position, has realized the on-line monitoring and the alarming function of various states, more is fit for on-the-spot practical application. Compared with the existing moisture absorber and the maintenance-free moisture absorber, the maintenance-free moisture absorber can realize the detection of the breathing state, the detection of blocked breathing, the detection of the quality of filtered air, the detection of outside air, the detection of a silica gel heating part, the silica gel damp identification and the heating dehydration control, ensure the stable operation of the moisture absorber and prolong the service life of equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the monitoring method of the maintenance-free moisture absorber is easy to operate, can realize the functions of online monitoring and alarming of various states of the moisture absorber, is reasonable in design of detection ways, and effectively ensures long-term stable operation of the moisture absorber.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system configuration diagram of a dehydrating breather connected to a primary equipment;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a conventional dehydrating breather;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of monitoring functions of the dehydrator breather of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a sensor arrangement for the dehydrator breather of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the respiratory airflow pattern of the dehydrating breather of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a respiratory state monitoring function of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a logic block diagram of the present invention for respiratory function obstruction monitoring;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a criterion model for identifying moisture of silica gel according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a control model for dehydration by heating of silica gel according to the present invention;
in the drawings: 1-an outside air detection sensor; 2-filtered air detection sensor; 3-a breathing state detection sensor; 4-control panel; 5-heating element detection sensor; 6-a display module; 7-a drive module; 8-a breathing tube; 9-mounting a flange; 10-an evaporation condensation chamber; 11-a rain cover; 12-dust screen; 13-a breathing channel; 14-a layer of silica gel particles; 15-a temperature sensor; 16-a heating assembly; 17-the part of the breathing tube extending into the silica gel particle layer; 18-an activated carbon layer; 19-a dehydrating breather body; 20-filtered air surge bin; 21-a control box; 22-binding kudzuvine root head; 23-oil sealing; 24-an oil conservator; 25-primary equipment body; and 26-maintenance valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 3, the state-monitorable maintenance-free moisture absorber of the invention comprises an outside air detection sensor 1, a filtered air detection sensor 2, a breathing state detection sensor 3, a control board 4, a heating part detection sensor 5, a display module 6 and a driving module 7. The outside air detection sensor 1 and the filtered air detection sensor 2 are used for detecting atmospheric pressure, temperature and humidity, particulate matters and sulfur dioxide; the breathing state detection sensor 3 is used for detecting the flow of the exhaled gas and the flow of the inhaled gas; the control panel 4 is used for judging the breathing state, identifying the affected moisture of the silica gel, judging the blocked breathing, counting and evaluating the operation data, judging the heating part of the silica gel and controlling the heating and dehydration of the silica gel; the heating part detection sensor 5 is used for detecting the temperature, current, voltage and electric energy of the heating assembly 16; the display module 6 is used for alarming, prompting, displaying numerical values and curves and displaying working states; the driving module 7 is used for driving a heating device to heat, and the heating device comprises a heating element arranged in the control box 21 and a heating assembly 16 arranged in the silica gel particle layer 14; the outside air detection sensor 1, the filtered air detection sensor 2, the breathing state detection sensor 3, the heating part detection sensor 5, the display module 6 and the driving module 7 are all in bidirectional signal interaction with the control panel 4.
Referring to fig. 4, the control board 4 is disposed in the control box 21, and the display module 6, the wire pueraria lobata head 22, and the outside air detecting sensor 1 connected to the control board 4 are provided outside the control box 21; the top of the control box 21 is sequentially provided with an air filtering buffer bin 20, a moisture absorber body 19 and a rain cover 11 upwards, the air filtering detection sensor 2 is arranged in the air filtering buffer bin 20, an evaporation condensation cavity 10 is formed inside the rain cover 11, a silica gel particle layer 14 and an activated carbon layer 18 are filled in the moisture absorber body 19 from top to bottom, the caliber of the rain cover 11 is larger than that of the moisture absorber body 19, and a breathing channel 13 is formed between the inner wall of the bottom of the rain cover 11 and the outer wall of the top of the moisture absorber body 19; take respiratory tube 8 of mounting flange 9 to pass silica gel grained layer 14 and activated carbon layer 18 from top to bottom in proper order from rain-proof cover 11's top and insert filtration air surge bin 20, heating element 16 arranges in silica gel grained layer 14 works as well, and heating element detection sensor 5 is including installing temperature sensor 15 on heating element 16, and respiratory state detection sensor 3 installs and is located the tip periphery of filtration air surge bin 20 at respiratory tube 8.
Referring to fig. 5, in the maintenance-free moisture absorber of the present invention, during the operation of air suction, the external air firstly passes through the silica gel particle layer 14 through the breathing channel 13, then passes through the activated carbon layer 18, then reaches the filtered air buffer bin 20, enters the breathing tube 8 through the breathing state detection sensor 3, and finally sends the dry and clean air into the main device; in expiration work process, the inside air of main equipment passes through breathing pipe 8 and gets into filtered air surge bin 20 through breathing state detection sensor 3 again, reaches evaporation condensation chamber 10 through activated carbon layer 18 and silica gel grained layer 14 in proper order, discharges to the equipment outside along breathing passage 13 again.
The invention relates to a monitoring method of a maintenance-free moisture absorber with a state capable of being monitored, which comprises the following steps:
1) detecting a respiratory state;
the significance and necessity of this function: the breathing state of the primary equipment such as the transformer is very important in the operation field, and when the traditional moisture absorber is applied, the breathing state can be judged by observing whether bubbles exist in the oil seal; and the maintenance-free moisture absorber cancels the oil seal in order to solve the drainage problem in the online drying process of the silica gel, so that the breathing condition can not be observed. Some manufacturers try to reflect the breathing state by installing a pressure gauge, so that the pressure in the pipeline in the normal breathing process is very small, and the breathing condition cannot be accurately displayed. The air-breathing problem is reflected by bubbles after a manufacturer redesigns a structure on the basis of a maintenance-free moisture absorber, but most of the existing electric power equipment works in an unattended occasion, the breathing state reflected by the bubbles through visual observation cannot adapt to the current automation level, and the problem can be thoroughly solved by the invention.
The principle of this function in the present invention is implemented:
referring to fig. 6, the end of the breathing tube is connected with a gas flow detection unit, the gas flow is detected by using the heat balance principle, namely, when the gas flows through the detection unit, the heat balance deviation caused by the gas changes to reflect the electric signal change, the electric signal is sent to the control panel after being processed by the conditioning circuit, whether the breathing gas flow exists in the breathing tube is known, then the breathing state is displayed by the indicating lamp (a nixie tube or liquid crystal), the control panel automatically records the breathing frequency, the daily breathing frequency, the monthly breathing frequency, the quarterly breathing frequency and the annual breathing frequency are classified and counted, a breathing curve is generated, the detailed information can be checked by the liquid crystal screen of the device, and remote monitoring can be.
This function of the invention is distinguished from other technologies implementing analysis:
the purpose of respiratory state detection is to determine whether a respiratory circuit is unblocked, and the existing technologies are implemented as follows: firstly, the breathing state is judged by detecting the internal pressure of a breathing circuit, and the mode has the defects that when the breathing airflow is small, the internal pressure is extremely low, and the breathing condition cannot be accurately reflected; secondly, the respiratory state is judged in an impeller type airflow detection mode, and the problem that the respiratory state cannot be accurately reflected when the respiratory airflow is small exists; and thirdly, in an oil seal bubble mode, the mode is difficult to identify through a control circuit and only can depend on naked eye observation or image identification, and the mode has limitation in an application field. The realization principle of the function in the invention can completely avoid the defects of the technical realization mode and has low cost.
2) Detecting respiratory obstruction;
when the breathing of the primary equipment such as the transformer is blocked to a serious degree, the protection action can be tripped, and the safe production of the power system is influenced. The reasons for the respiratory obstruction are as follows:
firstly, a large amount of dust is accumulated at a breathing port of the moisture absorber; secondly, the silica gel dehydration regeneration structure and the control strategy of the individual maintenance-free moisture absorber are single, and the individual maintenance-free moisture absorber is easy to freeze when running in a low-temperature environment, so that a breathing port is blocked; and the valve of the breathing pipeline is forgotten to be opened after being overhauled.
The principle of this function in the present invention is implemented:
the tail end of the breathing tube is connected with an atmospheric pressure detection unit, and under a respiratory equilibrium state, the data value automatically read by the control panel is the atmospheric pressure value of the region, and then the standard atmospheric pressure value of the region is stored; if the value read in the operation process is inconsistent with the previously stored region standard value, data filtering is carried out, the standard value is subtracted from the effective data which is filtered to remove the interference, whether the data result exceeds the set range or not is judged, and if the data result exceeds the set range, the breathing is determined to be blocked. If the external temperature is below zero at the moment, the reason that the breathing is blocked due to the freezing of the breathing port is large, and the control panel can automatically start heating for deicing; if the external temperature is above zero at the moment, the reason that the breathing is blocked due to the dust deposition of the breathing opening is large, and the control panel can automatically start to alarm. The breathing that leads to forgetting to open after the respiratory pipeline valve overhauls is obstructed, and its identification method is through breathing the number of times in certain time and judging, if do not have the breathing phenomenon to take place for a long time, think that breathing is obstructed and send out the warning simultaneously. The logic function implementation is shown in fig. 7.
This function of the invention is distinguished from other technologies implementing analysis: the conventional judgment method for respiratory obstruction is to install a pressure sensor, a pressure gauge or a pressure release valve on a respiratory loop, and if the pressure in a pipeline exceeds a certain value, the judgment is that the respiration is obstructed; the method adopts a mode of comparing a measured value with an absolute value, and the absolute value needs to be corrected in different altitude regions so as to accurately judge whether the respiration is blocked. The realization principle of the function of the invention is to comprehensively judge the pipeline blockage caused by different reasons by adopting a mode of comparing a measured value with a relative numerical value and combining the environmental temperature and the respiratory state data.
3) Detecting the quality of the filtered air;
dryness of the filtered air, solid particle content, SO2The content is important for the long-term safe operation of primary equipment of transformers, and is particularly embodied in that the insulation level of oil of a non-capsule type transformer is directly reduced due to the fact that air with excessive humidity of ① is used, or water and oil are accumulated in capsules of a capsule type transformer and form water and oil mixture when the capsules of the capsule type transformer are aged and broken, SO that insulation is reduced, large accidents are caused, impurities of the transformer oil are increased due to excessive dust of ②, insulation is affected, ③ SO is used for ensuring that the insulation is not affected2The excessive content can accelerate the aging of the capsule.
The principle of this function in the present invention is implemented: filtered air quality detection unit comprising humidity measurement sensor with temperature compensation function, dust sensor and SO2The sensor and the control panel can detect the dryness, dust concentration and SO of the air filtered by the moisture absorber in real time through the unit2And (4) content, and provides a criterion for silica gel regeneration and maintenance.
This function of the invention is distinguished from other technologies implementing analysis: the method for automatically performing dehydration regeneration by judging the moisture degree of silica gel in the moisture absorber by adopting a humidity detection method is a consistent method of most maintenance-free moisture absorbers. The invention is different from other innovations in that: firstly, the humidity measurement with temperature compensation is adopted, so that the method is more accurate than the traditional humidity detection method; secondly, a dust sensor and an SO are designed2A sensor for detecting dust concentration and SO of the filtered air2Content, which is the first in similar products.
4) Detecting outside air;
knowing the temperature, humidity, dust concentration and SO of the working environment of the equipment2The content is important for evaluating the filtering effect correctly, such as after filtering by a moisture absorberAir humidity, dust concentration and SO2The content is reduced by a certain amount relative to each index of the outside air, whether silica gel needs to be dehydrated and regenerated and whether an activated carbon filter screen needs to be replaced, and decision criteria are provided for automatic control and alarm of the control panel. The measurement of the external temperature can provide decision criterion for preventing freezing in the process of silica gel dehydration regeneration.
The principle of this function in the present invention is implemented: an outside air detection unit including a humidity measurement sensor with temperature compensation function, a dust sensor and an SO2The sensor and the control panel can detect the dryness, dust concentration and SO of the external ambient air of the moisture absorber in real time through the unit2And (4) content, and provides a criterion for silica gel regeneration and maintenance.
This function of the invention is distinguished from other technologies implementing analysis: the invention relates to a maintenance-free moisture absorber, which is created by enriching the logic criterion of a control panel by adopting an outside air detection method and applying the function to the design of the maintenance-free moisture absorber.
5) Detecting a silica gel heating part;
for the silica gel dehydration regeneration process realized by a heating mode, the temperature control in the working process is very important, the silica gel can be carbonized at overhigh temperature and lose the adsorption effect, and the dehydration reduction can not be completely finished at overlow temperature.
The operation condition of the heating component can be automatically judged, and an alarm is given when a fault occurs, so that the surface temperature, the working current, the voltage and the consumed electric energy of the heating component need to be collected in real time.
The principle of this function in the present invention is implemented: the heating temperature is measured by a temperature sensor adhered to the surface of the heating part, the heating current is measured by a current transformer connected in series with the heating loop, the voltage measurement is realized by a conditioning circuit connected in parallel on the heating loop, and the consumed electric energy is calculated by using the measured current amount and voltage.
This function of the invention is distinguished from other technologies implementing analysis:
most maintenance-free moisture absorber products do not have a heating part detection function, only adopt a constant temperature heating element to realize a heating mode in an open loop control mode, cannot automatically judge the quality of the heating part, cannot directly know the actual heating temperature in the silica gel heating dehydration process, and cannot realize quantitative accurate control. And a few maintenance-free moisture absorber products have the function of detecting the temperature of the heating part, but the current and the voltage of the working power supply of the heating part are not comprehensively detected and analyzed, and the control mode is single. The heating part detection link comprehensively collects and analyzes the surface temperature, the working current, the working voltage and the consumed electric energy of the controlled object, not only can accurately control the heating of silica gel, but also can automatically analyze the quality of the heating part, find faults and give an alarm in time, automatically count the electric energy consumption condition and provide a reference basis for the service life estimation of the heating part.
6) A silica gel damp identification criterion model;
the adsorption capacity of the silica gel is gradually reduced after the silica gel is wetted, the silica gel is gradually saturated along with the change of time, the silica gel with saturated moisture absorption can not dry the air, if the silica gel is completely saturated, the silica gel is heated, dehydrated and reduced, the wet air obviously has the opportunity to enter a breathing pipeline, moreover, the heating, dehydrating and reducing can be completed within a certain time period, and the wet air still has the opportunity to enter the breathing pipeline in the process. Therefore, a proper silica gel moisture proportion value range should be calculated, and heating dehydration reduction is started in the range so as to prevent wet air from entering a breathing pipeline. The invention adopts the relative data change to measure the moisture degree of the silica gel, namely the humidity value of the air after filtration is subtracted from the humidity value of the outside air in the air suction state, and the filtration and drying effects of the silica gel are judged through the humidity difference value, so that the moisture degree of the silica gel is indirectly reflected. And performing logic calculation and arithmetic operation on the data acquired by the respiratory state detection unit, the filtered air quality detection data, the outside air detection data and the silica gel heating part detection data to obtain silica gel moisture degree data, comparing the silica gel moisture degree data with preset data, and judging that the silica gel is wetted and needs to be heated, dehydrated and reduced if the silica gel moisture degree data is greater than zero, as shown in fig. 8.
This function of the invention is distinguished from other technologies implementing analysis:
most of maintenance-free moisture absorbers adopt a method for singly detecting the air humidity after silica gel filtration as the criterion of silica gel moisture, if the humidity is too high, the silica gel is considered to be moisture, the adsorption capacity is reduced, and heating, dehydration and reduction are needed. However, the method cannot accurately judge the real moisture condition of the silica gel because: firstly, if the humidity of the outside air is too high, the humidity of the filtered air is increased when the outside air rapidly passes through a silica gel tank with unit volume, but the silica gel does not reduce or lose adsorption capacity at the moment; if the respiratory state is not concerned, the collected humidity data is not necessarily fresh air filtered by the silica gel, and even if the humidity value at the moment is not large, the humidity data does not represent that the silica gel still has strong adsorption capacity, so that the silica gel is unreasonable without intervention; if the state of the heating component is not concerned, the water vapor in the heating process can flow into the breathing pipeline along with the occurrence of the inspiration phenomenon, the humidity measured value at the moment becomes large, and the data have no reference value. Some maintenance-free moisture absorbers adopt a method of weighing and identifying the moisture of silica gel, the silica gel can increase in weight after absorbing moisture in an ideal state, and if the silica gel reaches a certain weight change value, the silica gel is considered to be wetted and needs to be heated, dehydrated and reduced in time. However, the method still has some problems in practical use, such as measurement errors caused by vibration of the installation position and temperature environment, small change amplitude of the weight of the small-capacity silica gel, incapability of measurement and the like.
Some maintenance-free moisture absorbers adopt a timed heating dehydration reduction mode, the mode does not consider the installation region and the seasonal variation condition, and only the set time period is used for determining the moisture degree of the silica gel, so that the defect of fuzzy judgment exists.
The multi-parameter comprehensive judgment method model has the advantages of accurate identification of silica gel affected with damp, no influence of environment and region and the like, and is an advanced innovative method.
7) Heating and dehydrating the silica gel to control the model;
in the technical process that the damp silica gel is reduced by a heating dehydration mode, the heating temperature and the heating time are two key indexes, the silica gel is carbonized when the heating temperature is too high, and the dehydration effect is deteriorated when the heating temperature is too low; too short a heating time will make the water vapor not volatile and adsorbed by the silica gel, and too long a heating time will accelerate the aging of the silica gel.
The principle of this function in the present invention is implemented: according to the environmental temperature and humidity data and the atmospheric pressure value of the application region of the equipment, the evaporation speed of water vapor generated in the heating dehydration process of the silica gel in the equipment is calculated, and the heating time is deduced, as shown in fig. 9.
This function of the invention is distinguished from other technologies implementing analysis: most of the silica gel heating dehydration data of the maintenance-free moisture absorber are from experimental experience and are constant, that is, no matter what region is applied, the heating dehydration is carried out according to the constant data, which can cause the problems of incomplete dehydration or excessive dehydration under the individual application environment. The control model of the invention can automatically adapt to different environments, and realize accurate control and proper dehydration.
Claims (7)
1. A condition monitorable, maintenance-free dehydrator breather, comprising: comprises an outside air detection sensor (1), a filtered air detection sensor (2), a breathing state detection sensor (3), a control panel (4), a heating part detection sensor (5), a display module (6) and a driving module (7); the outside air detection sensor (1) and the filtered air detection sensor (2) are used for detecting atmospheric pressure, temperature and humidity, particulate matters and sulfur dioxide; the breathing state detection sensor (3) is used for detecting the flow of the exhaled gas and the flow of the inhaled gas; the control panel (4) is used for judging the breathing state, identifying the affected moisture of the silica gel, judging the blocked breathing, counting and evaluating the operation data, judging the heating part of the silica gel and controlling the heating and dehydration of the silica gel; the heating component detection sensor (5) is used for detecting the temperature, the current, the voltage and the electric energy of the heating component (16); the heating component detection sensor (5) measures heating temperature through a temperature sensor (15) adhered to the surface of the heating component (16), measures heating current through a current transformer connected in the heating loop in series, measures voltage through a conditioning circuit connected on the heating loop in parallel, and calculates consumed electric energy according to the measured current amount and voltage amount; the display module (6) is used for alarming, prompting, displaying numerical values and curves and displaying working states; the driving module (7) is used for driving a heating device to heat, and the heating device comprises a heating element arranged in a control box (21) and a heating assembly (16) arranged in the silica gel particle layer (14); the external air detection sensor (1), the filtered air detection sensor (2), the breathing state detection sensor (3), the heating part detection sensor (5), the display module (6) and the driving module (7) are in bidirectional signal interaction with the control panel (4);
the control panel (4) is arranged in the control box (21), and a display module (6), a wiring arrowhead (22) and an external air detection sensor (1) which are connected with the control panel (4) are arranged outside the control box (21); the top of the control box (21) is sequentially provided with an air filtering buffer bin (20), a moisture absorber body (19) and a rain cover (11) upwards, the air filtering detection sensor (2) is arranged in the air filtering buffer bin (20), an evaporation condensation cavity (10) is formed inside the rain cover (11), a silica gel particle layer (14) and an activated carbon layer (18) are filled in the moisture absorber body (19) from top to bottom, the caliber of the rain cover (11) is larger than that of the moisture absorber body (19), and a breathing channel (13) is formed between the inner wall of the bottom of the rain cover (11) and the outer wall of the top of the moisture absorber body (19); a breathing pipe (8) with a mounting flange (9) sequentially penetrates through a silica gel particle layer (14) and an activated carbon layer (18) from top to bottom from the top of a rainproof cover (11) and is inserted into a filtered air buffer bin (20);
the heating component detection sensor (5) comprises a temperature sensor (15) arranged on the heating component (16), and the breathing state detection sensor (3) is arranged on the periphery of the end part of the breathing pipe (8) positioned on the filtered air buffer bin (20);
the filtered air buffer bin (20) is communicated with the outside of the equipment through a pipeline, and a water outlet with a check valve is arranged at the end part of the pipeline.
2. A condition-monitorable, maintenance-free dehydrator breather of claim 1, wherein: filtered air detect sensor (2) set up the end at breathing tube (8), filtered air detect sensor (2) skew through the heat balance and reflect the signal of telecommunication change, send into control panel (4) after the processing of conditioning circuit, thereby know whether exist in breathing tube (8) and breathe the air current, show respiratory state, the automatic record of control panel breathes the number of times, categorised statistics is out the number of times of breathing on a day, the number of times of breathing on a month, the number of times of breathing on a quarter, the number of times of breathing on a year, and generate the breathing curve, look over or serial communication remote monitoring through display module (6).
3. A condition-monitorable, maintenance-free dehydrator breather of claim 1, wherein: the outside air detection sensor (1) and the filtered air detection sensor (2) respectively comprise a humidity measurement sensor with a temperature compensation function, a dust sensor and an SO2A sensor for detecting the dryness, dust concentration and SO of the filtered air of the moisture absorber in real time by the filtered air detection sensor (2)2Content, the dryness, dust concentration and SO of the external ambient air of the moisture absorber are detected in real time by an external air detection sensor (1)2And the control panel (4) provides a criterion for silica gel regeneration and maintenance according to the collected data.
4. A condition-monitorable, maintenance-free dehydrator breather of claim 1, wherein: and carrying out logic calculation and arithmetic operation on data acquired by the breathing state detection sensor (3), data detected by the filtered air detection sensor (2), data detected by the outside air detection sensor (1) and data detected by the heating part detection sensor (5) to obtain actual silica gel moisture degree data, comparing the actual silica gel moisture degree data with preset data, judging that the silica gel is wetted if a comparison result is greater than zero, and heating, dehydrating and reducing the silica gel.
5. A method of monitoring a maintenance-free breather based on the condition monitorable of claim 1, comprising the steps of: in the inspiration working process, the outside air firstly passes through the silica gel particle layer (14) through the breathing channel (13), then passes through the activated carbon layer (18), then reaches the filtered air buffer bin (20), enters the breathing pipe (8) through the breathing state detection sensor (3), and finally sends the dry and clean air into the main equipment; in the exhalation working process, air in the main equipment enters a filtered air buffer bin (20) through a breathing pipe (8) and a breathing state detection sensor (3), a part of air sequentially passes through an activated carbon layer (18) and a silica gel particle layer (14) to reach an evaporation and condensation cavity (10) and is discharged to the outside of the equipment along a breathing channel (13), a water outlet with a check valve is opened in working for discharging condensed water, and meanwhile, the water outlet is limited by the caliber, so that another small amount of air can be discharged to the outside of the equipment through the water outlet with the check valve;
-detection of a breathing state;
the filtered air detection sensor (2) arranged at the tail end of the breathing tube (8) detects gas flow by utilizing a thermal balance principle, and the filtered air detection sensor (2) sends electric signal changes reflected by thermal balance deviation to the control panel (4) after being processed by the conditioning circuit, so that whether breathing air flow exists in the breathing tube (8) is known, the breathing state is displayed, and the breathing frequency is recorded;
-detection of an obstruction of breathing;
the breathing tube (8) acquires the atmospheric pressure value of the region through the external air detection sensor (1) in a breathing balance state, and then stores the standard atmospheric pressure value of the region; if the value read in the operation process is inconsistent with the pre-stored region standard value, performing data filtering, subtracting the standard value from the effective data which is filtered to remove the interference, judging whether the data result exceeds the set range, and if the data result exceeds the set range, determining that the breathing is blocked;
-filtered air quality detection;
the dryness, dust concentration and SO of the air filtered by the moisture absorber are detected in real time by the filtered air detection sensor (2)2Content, the control panel (4) provides a criterion for silica gel regeneration and maintenance according to the collected data;
-outside air detection;
the dryness, dust concentration and SO of the external ambient air of the moisture absorber are detected in real time by an external air detection sensor (1)2Content, the control panel (4) provides a criterion for silica gel regeneration and maintenance according to the collected data;
-detection of a silica gel heating element;
measuring the surface temperature of the heating assembly (16), connecting a current transformer in series to the heating loop to measure the heating current, connecting a conditioning circuit in parallel to the heating loop to measure the voltage, and calculating the consumed electric energy according to the measured current amount and voltage;
-silica gel moisture identification;
subtracting the filtered air humidity value from the outside air humidity value in the inspiration state, carrying out logic calculation and arithmetic operation on data acquired by the breathing state detection sensor (3), the filtered air detection sensor (2), the outside air detection sensor (1) and the heating part detection sensor (5) to obtain actual silica gel moisture data, comparing the actual silica gel moisture data with preset data, and judging that the silica gel is wetted if the comparison result is greater than zero.
6. The monitoring method according to claim 5, wherein: in the process of detecting the breathing obstruction, if the breathing obstruction is confirmed, if the external temperature is below zero at the moment, the possibility of breathing obstruction caused by freezing of a breathing opening is high, and the control panel automatically starts heating and deicing; if the external temperature is above zero, the possibility of breathing blockage caused by dust deposition at the breathing port is high, and the control panel automatically starts to alarm; the breathing that leads to forgetting to open after the breathing pipeline valve overhauls is obstructed, and its identification method is through breathing the number of times in certain time to judge, if does not have the breathing phenomenon to take place in the set time, think that breathing is obstructed and send out the warning simultaneously.
7. The monitoring method according to claim 5, wherein:
after the silica gel is affected with damp, the heating assembly (16) is controlled to heat and dehydrate the silica gel, the evaporation speed of water vapor generated in the silica gel heating and dehydrating process in the equipment is calculated according to the environmental temperature and humidity data and the atmospheric pressure value of the application region of the equipment, and the heating time is deduced.
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| CN204464001U (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-07-08 | 武汉寒霜科技有限公司 | The non-maintaining intelligent moisture absorber of a kind of transformer |
| CN104979078B (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-25 | 陕西金源自动化科技有限公司 | Maintenance-free moisture absorber and method for controlling the same |
| CN106598118B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-10-16 | 国网山东省电力公司青州市供电公司 | Dry-type transformer temperature and humidity control system |
| CN106710807B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-10-16 | 国网山东省电力公司青州市供电公司 | Transformer intelligent air-cooling system and its control method |
| CN208903800U (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-05-24 | 保定泓翔电力设备有限公司 | The non-maintaining intelligent moisture absorber of transformer |
| RU188572U1 (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-17 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Радиан" | Oil Transformer Air Dryer |
| CN209282000U (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-08-20 | 珠海智润电力科技有限公司 | A kind of intelligent breathing device |
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| CN1158965A (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1997-09-10 | 三洋电机株式会社 | Dehumidifier |
| CN107289976A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-10-24 | 山东电力设备有限公司 | The on-line monitoring and renovation process of a kind of electric power transformer breathing apparatus |
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