CN110361502A - A method of based on the detection leaf water variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness - Google Patents
A method of based on the detection leaf water variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
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- G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
- G01B7/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness using capacitive means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods based on the detection leaf water variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness, belong to crop information detection field.The detailed process of this method are as follows: measure blade tensity of each dehydration moment blade under different chucking powers, and calculate blade effective thickness, construct the relational model between blade effective thickness and chucking power, obtain each initial effective thickness of dehydration moment blade；Leaf dry weight is measured, it is thick to calculate the initial effective ratio leaf of blade；Calculate the coefficient of variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness between each dehydration moment, moisture situation of change of the more different plant leaf blade moisture under lasting cases of dehydration.Continuous mode of the present invention is simple and convenient, is not limited by natural environment, and as a result accuracy is high, can judge the drought-resistant ability of plant quickly, comprehensively.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water-saving irrigation and crop information detection technique field, and in particular to one kind is based on initial effective ratio
The method that leaf thickness detects leaf water variation.
Background technique
Arid is one of the abiotic stress that plant frequently suffers from growth and development process.Different plant drought abilities
It has nothing in common with each other, the drought-resistant ability of plant is to be gradually formed after for a long time by water stress by hereditary variation and natural selection
, there are close relationships for this ability for resisting stress and the internal structure of plant, physiological status.Judge the drought-resistant of plant
It is most important to implement reasonable mechanism of pouring water for different plants for ability.Meanwhile filtering out the plant of strong drought resistance, impoverishment tolerant
Species increase vegetation cover degree with this, conserve water and soil, slow down and contain land deterioration, restore vegetation, improve local area ecological ring
Border has strategic meaning to promotion Agricultural Sustainable Development in China.
Blade is that plant experiences the most sensitive organ of drought stress, its moisture content can react the arid of crop entirety
Situation, morphosis and physiological change can reflect the ability that plant adapted to and resisted arid.Plant moisture situation and water at present
Divide stomatal conductance, leaf water potential, canopy surface temperature, transpiration rate, plant Trunk diameter of the stress mainly by measurement plant leaf
The indexs such as change obtain indirectly.These methods are not only time-consuming and laborious, poor in timeliness, can also damage to crop.Near infrared light
Spectrometry, visual pattern technology and acoustic emission, may be implemented to monitor on-line, however test result is vulnerable to ambient enviroment shadow
It rings.
Vane thickness is generally viewed as measuring an one of important indicator for plant leaf blade moisture variation.Its result it is quick
Measurement is conducive to the rapid evaluation of plant leaf blade moisture variation, realizes the quick detection of plant drought resistance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods based on the detection leaf water variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness, are based on
The structure change of blade assesses its water regime, analyzes plant drought resistance.Test process is simple and fast, to experiment condition
It is required that low, with overcome in the prior art it is cumbersome, by the big defect of such environmental effects.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned technical purpose using following technological means.
A method of based on the detection leaf water variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 calculates blade effective thickness by the blade tensity under each dehydration moment difference chucking power；
Step 2 constructs relational model between blade effective thickness and chucking power, and obtaining each dehydration moment blade initially has
Imitate thickness；
Step 3 measures the dry weight of plant leaf blade to be measured, and it is thick to calculate the initial effective ratio leaf of each dehydration moment blade；
Step 4 calculates the coefficient of variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness of each dehydration moment；
Step 5, moisture changing condition of the more different plant leaf blades under lasting cases of dehydration.
Further, in the step 1 blade tensity calculation formula are as follows:Wherein TdFor blade tensity, CP is plant leaf blade physiology capacitor, and W is plant
Leaf water potential, i are dissociation coefficient, and R is gas constant, and T is thermodynamic temperature, ε0For permittivity of vacuum, εrFor cell liquid solute
Relative dielectric constant, M be cell liquid solute relative molecular mass.
Further, in the step 1 blade effective thickness calculation formula are as follows:Wherein dLEFor blade effective thickness, A is the significant surface that blade is contacted with pole plate
Product.
Further, the relational model in the step 2 between blade effective thickness and chucking power is public using barodynamics
Formula, Gibbs free energy expression, blade tensity and blade effective thickness relation derivation go out, specifically:Wherein y0It is model parameter with k, F is chucking power；F=0 is enabled, then can obtain the initial effective thickness of blade
Further, the calculation formula of initial effective ratio leaf thickness is calculated in the step 3 are as follows:Wherein
SLTIEThick for initial effective ratio leaf, DW is leaf dry weight.
Further, the different dehydration moment initial effective ratio leaf thickness SLT in the step 4IEThe calculation formula of the coefficient of variation
Are as follows:Wherein SD is standard deviation, and MN is initial effective ratio leaf thickness SLT of each dehydration momentIEAverage value.
Further, continue under cases of dehydration in the step 5, initial effective ratio leaf thickness amplitude of variation is bigger, and moisture is protected
It is poorer to hold ability.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1) present invention reflects the water regime of blade using the thick variation of initial effective ratio leaf, as a result not by ambient enviroment
The limitation of factor, accuracy is high, simple and fast.
2) present invention combines blade mechanical index and electrophysiological index, can clearly characterize leaf water variation to its thickness
Leaf water can be changed and be connected with physics test and analysis method, from physics by the dynamic changing process of influence
Angle analysis plant drought resistance.
3) fast acquiring method of the invention by establishing initial effective ratio leaf thickness, analyzes initial effective ratio under lasting dehydration
The coefficient of variation of leaf thickness analyzes water physiological mechanism, more preferably more directly can comprehensively reflect the moisture situation of change of blade, comment
Estimate plant drought resistance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the matched curve figure of honeysuckle relationship between blade effective thickness and chucking power under each dehydration moment；
Fig. 2 is the matched curve figure of ivy relationship between blade effective thickness and chucking power under each dehydration moment；
Fig. 3 is the matched curve figure of Orychophragmus violaceus relationship between blade effective thickness and chucking power under each dehydration moment；
Fig. 4 is the matched curve figure of rape relationship between blade effective thickness and chucking power under each dehydration moment.
Specific embodiment
Concrete scheme of the invention is described further below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Basic principle of the invention are as follows:
With the reduction of moisture content, the ratio of blade palisade tissue and spongy tissue can be gradually increased, blade it is close
Degree is continuously improved.When blade is compressed by external force, the anti-pressure ability of blade is related with blade interior institutional framework.Palisade tissue
Thicker, anti-pressure ability is stronger, and the water holding capacity of blade is also stronger.
By barodynamics formula:
F=(M+m) g (1)
F is gravity (chucking power), N in formula；M is iron block quality, and m is the quality of sticking plaster and electrode slice, kg；G is gravity
Acceleration is 9.8, N/kg.
Blade is clipped between two parallel plate electrodes of plane-parallel capacitor by cell liquid solute as dielectric using in blade,
Constitute parallel plate capacitor sensor.Different chucking powers are applied to blade, effective thickness of plant leaf blade under different chucking powers can be measured
Degree, specific chucking power inherently causes the variation of cell liquid solute concentration in blade, thus change blade cell elasticity and can
Plasticity causes the variation of leaf tissue cell liquid solute dielectric constant and effective thickness between two capacitor plates.
Gibbs Free energy equation is expressed as Δ G=Δ H+PV, and the energy theorem of capacitor is expressed asW
For the energy of capacitor, equal to the function of Gibbs free energy Δ G conversion, i.e. W=Δ G；Δ H is the system (plant being made of cell
Object blade system) it is interior can, P is the pressure that is subject to of plant cell, and V is plant cell volume, and U is test voltage, and CP is plant
The physiology capacitor of blade.
The pressure P that plant cell is subject to can be by pressure formulaIt finds out, wherein F is chucking power, and A is blade and pole plate
The effective area of contact.
The physiology capacitor CP of plant leaf blade is with chucking power F equation of change are as follows:
The calculation formula of physiology capacitor are as follows:
Wherein, ε0For permittivity of vacuum；εrFor the relative dielectric constant of cell liquid solute；dLEFor blade effective thickness.
Blade effective thickness dLEThe equation changed with chucking power F are as follows:
It enables(4) formula can be deformed into:
Y therein0It is the parameter of model with k.
By the fitting of relationship between blade effective thickness and chucking power, model parameter y can be obtained0With the value of k.
As F=0, the effective thickness of blade is defined as the initial effective thickness of blade, and calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein dLE0For the initial effective thickness of blade.
The ratio between blade effective thickness and its dry weight can reflect the density of blade solute, can characterize water regime, define leaf
The ratio between piece effective thickness and its dry weight are that effective ratio leaf is thick.
The then calculation formula of initial effective ratio leaf thickness are as follows:
Wherein SLTIEThick for initial effective ratio leaf, DW is leaf dry weight.
Different dehydration moment initial effective ratio leaf thickness SLTIEThe calculation formula of the coefficient of variation are as follows:
Wherein SD is standard deviation, and MN is initial effective ratio leaf thickness SLT of each dehydration momentIEAverage value.
By comparing the size of the initial effective ratio leaf thickness coefficient of variation of different dehydration moment, it is able to reflect blade solute density
Situation of change, the variation of blade solute density influenced by leaf water changes of contents.Therefore, initial effective ratio leaf thickness variation
Amplitude is smaller, and leaf water content variation is slower, and blade water holding capacity is stronger, so initial effective ratio leaf is thick in the case of continuing dehydration
Amplitude of variation can be used to the drought-resistant ability of quantitative blade.
A kind of specific implementation process of the method based on the detection leaf water variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1, selection is grown fine to measuring plants and consistent blade, it is dried after full water dehydration processing.
Step 2 measures the physiology capacitor of blade, leaf water potential under each dehydration moment difference chucking power using LCR instrument, meter
Calculate blade tensity；
The calculation formula of blade tensity are as follows:
Wherein TdFor blade tensity, CP is plant leaf blade physiology capacitor, and W is the plant leaf blade flow of water, and i is dissociation coefficient, R
For gas constant, T is thermodynamic temperature, ε0For permittivity of vacuum, εrFor the relative dielectric constant of cell liquid solute, M is cell
The relative molecular mass of liquid solute.
Step 3 calculates blade effective thickness；
The calculation formula of blade effective thickness are as follows:
Wherein dLEFor blade effective thickness, A is the effective area that blade is contacted with pole plate.
Step 4 constructs relational model between blade effective thickness and chucking power, and obtaining each dehydration moment blade initially has
Imitate thickness；Utilize the relation derivation of barodynamics formula, Gibbs free energy expression and blade tensity and blade effective thickness
Relational model between blade effective thickness and chucking power out are as follows:
Wherein y0It is model parameter with k, F is chucking power；F=0 is enabled, then can obtain the initial effective thickness of bladeIts
Middle dLE0For the initial effective thickness of blade.
Step 5 measures the dry weight of plant leaf blade to be measured, and it is thick to calculate initial effective ratio leaf of each dehydration moment；
The calculation formula of initial effective ratio leaf thickness are as follows:
Wherein SLTIEThick for initial effective ratio leaf, DW is leaf dry weight.
Step 6 calculates the coefficient of variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness of each dehydration moment；
Different dehydration moment initial effective ratio leaf thickness SLTIEThe calculation formula of the coefficient of variation are as follows:
Wherein SD is standard deviation, and MN is initial effective ratio leaf thickness SLT of each dehydration momentIEAverage value.
Step 7, moisture changing condition of the more different plant leaf blades under lasting cases of dehydration.Continue under cases of dehydration,
Initial effective ratio leaf thickness amplitude of variation is bigger, shows that leaf water variation is more violent, water holding capacity is poorer.
The specific implementation process of above-mentioned steps is as follows:
Embodiment 1:
Selection is grown fine and consistent honeysuckle, ivy blade, it is dried after full water dehydration processing.It utilizes
LCR instrument inscribed when measuring each dehydration respectively (0,1,2,3,4,5h) honeysuckle and ivy blade different chucking powers (1.1,
2.1,4.1,6.1,8.1N) under physiology capacitor, leaf water potential (being shown in Table 1), calculate blade tensity, and then calculate blade it is effective
Thickness (is shown in Table 2).
Honeysuckle, the physiology capacitor of ivy blade and leaf water potential under each dehydration moment difference chucking power of table 1
Honeysuckle, the blade tensity of ivy blade and blade effective thickness under each dehydration moment difference chucking power of table 2
Utilize the relation derivation of barodynamics formula, Gibbs free energy expression and blade tensity and blade effective thickness
The relational model between blade effective thickness and chucking power is outConstruct honeysuckle and ivy respectively accordingly
Under each dehydration moment between blade effective thickness and chucking power relationship mathematical model.Fig. 1 is honeysuckle at each dehydration moment
The matched curve of relationship between lower blade effective thickness and chucking power, Fig. 2 are that ivy blade under each dehydration moment is effectively thick
The matched curve of relationship between degree and chucking power.Honeysuckle relationship between blade effective thickness and chucking power under each dehydration moment
Fit equation be shown in Table 3, ivy under each dehydration moment be shown between blade effective thickness and chucking power by the fit equation of relationship
Table 4.
The fit equation of 3 honeysuckle of table relationship between blade effective thickness and chucking power under each dehydration moment
The fit equation of 4 ivy of table relationship between blade effective thickness and chucking power under each dehydration moment
F=0 is enabled, then can obtain honeysuckle and ivy respectively in the initial effective thickness of blade at each dehydration momentHoneysuckle and ivy leaf dry weight are measured, initial effective ratio leaf thickness of each dehydration moment is calculated, is shown in Table 5.
Leaf dry weight, initial effective thickness and the initial effective ratio leaf that 5 honeysuckle of table and ivy are inscribed in each dehydration
It is thick
Different dehydration moment initial effective ratio leaf thickness SLTIEThe coefficient of variation can pass through formulaIt is calculated,
Value is shown in Table 6.
The coefficient of variation of the initial effective ratio leaf thickness of the different dehydration moment honeysuckles of table 6 and ivy
It can be seen that the amplitude of variation of the initial effective ratio leaf thickness of honeysuckle is less than ivy, show the water of honeysuckle blade
Divide moisture-retaining capacity stronger, there is preferable drought resistance, this is consistent with actual conditions, and it is initial also to illustrate to continue plant under cases of dehydration
The amplitude of variation of effective ratio leaf thickness can characterize the moisture situation of change of plant leaf blade, reflect its drought resistance.
Embodiment 2:
By taking Orychophragmus violaceus, rape as an example, all steps are the same as embodiment 1.Orychophragmus violaceus and rape leaf are inscribed when each dehydration not
With the physiology capacitor under chucking power, leaf water potential, the results are shown in Table 7, and blade tensity, the result of blade effective thickness are such as
Shown in table 8,
Orychophragmus violaceus, the physiology capacitor of rape leaf and leaf water potential under each dehydration moment difference chucking power of table 7
Orychophragmus violaceus, the blade tensity of rape leaf and blade effective thickness under each dehydration moment difference chucking power of table 8
Fig. 3 is the matched curve of Orychophragmus violaceus relationship between blade effective thickness and chucking power under each dehydration moment, and Fig. 4 is
The matched curve of rape relationship between blade effective thickness and chucking power under each dehydration moment.Orychophragmus violaceus is inscribed in each dehydration
The fit equation of relationship is shown in Table 9 between blade effective thickness and chucking power, rape under each dehydration moment blade effective thickness with
The fit equation of relationship is shown in Table 10 between chucking power.
The fit equation of 9 Orychophragmus violaceus of table relationship between blade effective thickness and chucking power under each dehydration moment
The fit equation of 10 rape of table relationship between blade effective thickness and chucking power under each dehydration moment
Orychophragmus violaceus and rape are shown in Table 11 in initial effective ratio leaf thickness of each dehydration moment, and Orychophragmus violaceus and rape are at each dehydration moment
The coefficient of variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness is shown in Table 12.
Leaf dry weight, initial effective thickness and the initial effective ratio leaf that 11 Orychophragmus violaceus of table and rape are inscribed in each dehydration
It is thick
The coefficient of variation of the initial effective ratio leaf thickness of the different dehydration moment Orychophragmus violaceus of table 12 and rape
It can be seen that the amplitude of variation of the initial effective ratio leaf thickness of Orychophragmus violaceus is less than rape, Orychophragmus violaceus blade is again showed that
Moisture moisture-retaining capacity is stronger, has preferable drought resistance, this is equally consistent with actual conditions, also illustrates to continue to plant under cases of dehydration
The amplitude of variation of the initial effective ratio leaf thickness of object can characterize the moisture situation of change of plant leaf blade, reflect its drought resistance.
Described above is only that presently preferred embodiments of the present invention should be said the present invention is not limited to enumerate above-described embodiment
Bright, under the introduction of this specification, all equivalent substitutes for being made obvious become anyone skilled in the art
Shape form, all falls within the essential scope of this specification, ought to be protected by the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method based on the detection leaf water variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1 calculates blade effective thickness by the blade tensity under each dehydration moment difference chucking power；
Step 2 constructs relational model between blade effective thickness and chucking power, and it is initial effectively thick to obtain each dehydration moment blade
Degree；
Step 3 measures the dry weight of plant leaf blade to be measured, and it is thick to calculate the initial effective ratio leaf of each dehydration moment blade；
Step 4 calculates the coefficient of variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness of each dehydration moment；
Step 5, moisture changing condition of the more different plant leaf blades under lasting cases of dehydration.
2. a kind of method based on the detection leaf water variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness according to claim 1, feature
It is, the calculation formula of blade tensity in the step 1 are as follows:Wherein Td
For blade tensity, CP is plant leaf blade physiology capacitor, and W is the plant leaf blade flow of water, and i is dissociation coefficient, and R is gas constant, and T is
Thermodynamic temperature, ε0For permittivity of vacuum, εrFor the relative dielectric constant of cell liquid solute, M is opposite point of cell liquid solute
Protonatomic mass.
3. a kind of method based on the detection leaf water variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness according to claim 2, feature
It is, the calculation formula of blade effective thickness in the step 1 are as follows:Wherein dLE
For blade effective thickness, A is the effective area that blade is contacted with pole plate.
4. a kind of method based on the detection leaf water variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness according to claim 3, feature
It is, the relational model in the step 2 between blade effective thickness and chucking power is to utilize barodynamics formula, gibbs certainly
Gone out by the relation derivation of energy expression formula, blade tensity and blade effective thickness, specifically:Wherein y0With
K is model parameter, and F is chucking power.
5. a kind of method based on the detection leaf water variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness according to claim 4, feature
It is, enables F=0, then can obtains the initial effective thickness of blade
6. a kind of method based on the detection leaf water variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness according to claim 5, feature
It is, the calculation formula of initial effective ratio leaf thickness is calculated in the step 3 are as follows:Wherein SLTIEInitially to have
Effect is thicker than leaf, and DW is leaf dry weight.
7. a kind of method based on the detection leaf water variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness according to claim 1, feature
It is, the different dehydration moment initial effective ratio leaf thickness SLT in the step 4IEThe calculation formula of the coefficient of variation are as follows:Wherein SD is standard deviation, and MN is initial effective ratio leaf thickness SLT of each dehydration momentIEAverage value.
8. a kind of method based on the detection leaf water variation of initial effective ratio leaf thickness according to claim 1, feature
It is, continues under cases of dehydration in the step 5, initial effective ratio leaf thickness amplitude of variation is bigger, and water holding capacity is got over
Difference.
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