CN110361312B - Method for determining relation between permeability and porosity in rock seepage stress coupling process - Google Patents
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining the relation between permeability and porosity in a rock seepage stress coupling process, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a rock sample and testing the initial porosity of the rock sample; (2) placing the rock sample in a rock triaxial rheological test device, applying confining pressure and osmotic pressure, and testing the initial permeability of the rock sample; (3) applying axial load to the rock sample, carrying out a triaxial seepage stress coupling experiment on the rock until the rock sample is damaged, and recording the parameter change of the rock sample in the experiment process; (4) calculating permeability and volume strain to obtain a relation curve of permeability and volume strain; (5) calculating the porosity change of the rock sample; (6) and establishing a relation between the seepage rate and the porosity in the seepage stress coupling process. The method starts from rock volume strain, obtains the evolution rule of porosity, further connects the seepage field and the stress field in the rock seepage stress coupling process, and has reference value for understanding the rock seepage stress coupling mechanism and establishing a seepage stress coupling model.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for determining the relation between permeability and porosity, in particular to a method for determining the relation between permeability and porosity in a rock seepage stress coupling process, and belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering.
Background
Under the condition that the engineering rock mass exists in the groundwater environment, the rock mass is subjected to the mutual coupling action of a complex stress field and a seepage field. Seepage stress coupling characteristics of rocks under external loads are often the main causes of substantial large-scale rock destabilization damage and geological disasters. The seepage stress coupling mechanism is searched, a rock seepage stress coupling model is established, and the method is applied to engineering practice and has very important engineering value and scientific significance.
In the process of rock seepage stress coupling, permeability and porosity are two key parameters. Porosity is a bridge connecting the stress field and the seepage field. Indoor tests are an effective way to know rock characteristics, and how to establish the relationship between permeability and porosity based on experimental research is a hot problem of research. At present, a determination method for the relation between permeability and porosity is few, and mainly aims at the relation between permeability and porosity in a static state, while the interior of a rock sample in the rock seepage stress coupling process is a dynamic change process, and a determination method based on the relation between permeability and porosity in the static state cannot be used for determining the relation between permeability and porosity in the dynamic process, so that the determination method for the relation between permeability and porosity in the dynamic state is lacked at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for determining the relation between the permeability and the porosity in the rock seepage stress coupling process.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a method for determining the relation between permeability and porosity in a rock seepage stress coupling process, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a rock sample of a region to be researched, and testing the initial porosity of the rock sample;
(2) placing the rock sample in a rock triaxial rheological test device, applying confining pressure and osmotic pressure, and testing the initial permeability of the rock sample;
(3) applying axial load to the rock sample, carrying out a triaxial seepage stress coupling experiment on the rock until the rock sample is damaged, and recording the stress, axial strain and circumferential strain of the rock sample and the water flow passing through the rock sample at each moment in the experiment process;
(4) calculating the permeability and the volume strain of the rock sample at each moment in the seepage stress coupling process according to the recorded values to obtain a relation curve of the permeability and the volume strain in the process;
(5) calculating the porosity of the rock sample in the process according to the volume strain value in the seepage stress coupling process of the rock sample;
(6) and establishing a relation between the seepage rate and the porosity in the seepage stress coupling process.
In the step (1), the initial porosity of the rock sample can be measured by a water saturation test, and the test method comprises the following steps: weighing initial weight of a rock sample, drying the rock sample to obtain dry weight, putting the rock sample into a vacuum pumping tank for dry pumping, slowly injecting distilled water, fully saturating the rock sample with water, and weighing the water saturation weight of the rock sample; calculating the initial porosity n of the rock sample according to the formula0:
Wherein m issAnd mdRespectively saturated and dry weight, p, of the rock samplewIs the density of water, VpAnd V is the pore volume and the total volume of the rock sample, respectively.
In the step (2), the initial permeability test process of the rock sample is as follows: and continuously applying confining pressure and osmotic pressure, recording water flow passing through the rock sample in unit time after stable seepage fields are formed at two ends of the rock sample, and calculating to obtain the initial permeability of the rock sample based on the Darcy law.
In the step (4), the permeability of the rock sample at each moment in the seepage stress coupling process can be calculated according to the Darcy's law, and the volume strain of the rock sample can be obtained according to the axial strain and the circumferential strain. In the seepage stress coupling process of the rock sample, the permeability is gradually reduced at the beginning, then the rock sample is stably fluctuated, and finally the rock sample is stably increased; the volume strain is subjected to two stages of compression and expansion by taking a volume expansion point as a boundary. The change in permeability can be divided into 2 stages, demarcated by the volume expansion point.
Preferably, in the step (5), the relationship between the porosity and the volume strain of the rock sample satisfies the following formula:
in the formula, ni+1And niRespectively at t for rock samplei+1And tiPorosity, Δ, corresponding to the momentvCorresponding to the change in volume strain of the rock sample over this time interval. It can be seen that the rock should be in seepageIn the force coupling process, the porosity is a dynamic changing process, and is closely related to the porosity and the volume strain at the previous moment.
Specifically, in the step (6), the volume expansion point is taken as a demarcation point, the change of the permeability and the porosity is divided into 2 stages, and fitting is performed in stages to obtain a relational expression of the permeability and the porosity, wherein the fitting formula is as follows:
in the above formula, k and n are permeability and porosity, k0And n0And a, b and m are fitting parameters. And (4) wherein the volume expansion point is a plastic deformation point of the rock sample and corresponds to an inflection point in the relation curve of the permeability and the volume strain obtained in the step (4).
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the invention provides a method for determining the relation between permeability and porosity in a dynamic process based on an indoor seepage stress coupling test result, which comprises the steps of firstly establishing the relation between volume strain and permeability by using rock volume strain as a bridge, calculating the change rule of the porosity by using the change rule of the volume strain, then carrying out stage division on the change of the permeability and the porosity by using a volume expansion point as a boundary point, and determining the relation expression of the permeability and the porosity in the rock seepage stress coupling process by using function fitting in stages; the method connects the seepage field and the stress field in the rock seepage stress coupling process by establishing the relationship between the permeability and the porosity, and has engineering practice significance for understanding the rock seepage stress coupling mechanism and establishing a seepage stress coupling model.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change in hoop strain, axial strain, stress and permeability of a rock sample during the coupling of the seepage stress of the rock in the example;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between volume strain and stress and the relationship between volume strain and permeability in the examples;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change in porosity of the rock sample in the examples.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
The method for determining the relationship between the permeability and the porosity in the rock seepage stress coupling process obtains the evolution rule of the porosity from the rock volume strain, further connects the seepage field and the stress field in the rock seepage stress coupling process, and has reference value for the understanding of the rock seepage stress coupling mechanism and the establishment of a seepage stress coupling model.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a rock sample of a region to be researched, and testing the initial porosity of the rock sample;
the method is as follows through the water saturation test: weighing initial weight of a rock sample, drying the rock sample to obtain dry weight, putting the rock sample into a vacuum pumping tank for dry pumping, slowly injecting distilled water, fully saturating the rock sample with water, and weighing the water saturation weight of the rock sample; calculating the initial porosity n of the rock sample according to the formula0:
Wherein m issAnd mdRespectively saturated and dry weight, p, of the rock samplewIs the density of water, VpAnd V is the pore volume and the total volume of the rock sample, respectively.
(2) Placing the rock sample in a rock triaxial rheological test device, applying confining pressure and osmotic pressure, and testing the initial permeability of the rock sample;
and continuously applying confining pressure and osmotic pressure, recording water flow passing through the rock sample in unit time after stable seepage fields are formed at two ends of the rock sample, and calculating to obtain the initial permeability of the rock sample based on the Darcy law.
(3) Applying axial load to the rock sample, carrying out a triaxial seepage stress coupling experiment on the rock until the rock sample is damaged, and recording the stress, axial strain and circumferential strain of the rock sample and the water flow passing through the rock sample at each moment in the experiment process;
(4) calculating the permeability and the volume strain of the rock sample at each moment in the seepage stress coupling process according to the recorded values to obtain a relation curve of the permeability and the volume strain in the process;
and calculating the permeability of the rock sample at each moment in the seepage stress coupling process according to Darcy's law, and obtaining the volume strain of the rock sample according to the axial strain and the circumferential strain. In the seepage stress coupling process of the rock sample, the permeability is gradually reduced at the beginning, then the rock sample is stably fluctuated, and finally the rock sample is stably increased; the volume strain is subjected to two stages of compression and expansion by taking a volume expansion point as a boundary. The change in permeability can be divided into 2 stages, demarcated by the volume expansion point.
(5) Calculating the porosity of the rock sample in the process according to the volume strain value in the seepage stress coupling process of the rock sample;
the relationship between the porosity and the volume strain of the rock sample is as follows:
in the formula, ni+1And niRespectively at t for rock samplei+1And tiPorosity, Δ, corresponding to the momentvCorresponding to the change in volume strain of the rock sample over this time interval. It can be seen that in the seepage stress coupling process of the rock, the porosity is a dynamic change process and is closely related to the porosity and the volume strain at the previous moment.
(6) And establishing a relation between the seepage rate and the porosity in the seepage stress coupling process.
The volume expansion point is taken as a demarcation point, the change of the permeability and the porosity is divided into 2 stages, fitting is carried out in stages to obtain a relational expression of the permeability and the porosity, and the fitting formula is as follows:
in the above formula, k and n are permeability and porosity, k0And n0A, b, a, b,And m is a fitting parameter. And (4) wherein the volume expansion point is a plastic deformation point of the rock sample and corresponds to an inflection point in the relation curve of the permeability and the volume strain obtained in the step (4).
Examples
(1) Taking a core sample of a research area, processing the core sample into a cylindrical sample with the diameter being 50mm by 100mm, and weighing to obtain the initial weight of the sample, wherein the initial weight of the sample is 414.45 g;
(2) putting the rock sample into a dryer to be dried for 8 hours, and weighing to obtain the dry weight m of the rock sampled408.65 g; putting the rock sample into a vacuum pumping tank for dry pumping for 6 hours, then slowly injecting distilled water to ensure that the rock sample is soaked in the distilled water for 24 hours to be fully saturated with water, and then weighing the water saturation weight m of the rock samples=430.43g;
(3) Calculating to obtain the initial porosity of the rock sample
(4) And putting the rock sample into a rock full-automatic triaxial rheological servo tester, and applying confining pressure of 6MPa and osmotic pressure of 1.5 MPa. And keeping for 12 hours after the osmotic pressure is applied, and ensuring that the rock is in a stable seepage state. Measuring the initial permeability k of the rock sample through the change of the water yield of the rock sample penetrating into the rock sample at the stable stage0=1.98×10–17。
(5) An axial load was applied to the rock sample failure at a rate of 0.02 mm/min. During the whole loading process, the changes of axial strain, hoop strain, stress and water yield of the rock are recorded, as shown in fig. 1.
(6) And calculating to obtain the permeability and the volume strain of the rock sample, and obtaining a change curve of the permeability and the volume strain.
Fig. 1 shows the permeability profile, in which the permeability of the rock sample is first reduced by the compressive permeability during the percolation stress coupling, followed by a steady fluctuation phase and finally a rapid growth phase. FIG. 2 shows the curve of the change of the volume strain with the stress and the curve of the relationship between the volume strain and the permeability, and it can be seen that in the seepage stress coupling process, the volume strain undergoes two stages of compression and expansion, and the volume expansion point is used as a boundary; the inflection point (point B) of the curve relating volume strain to permeability corresponds to the volume expansion point of this embodiment.
(7) And calculating to obtain the porosity of the rock sample in the whole seepage stress coupling process. The relationship between porosity and volume strain is as follows:
taking an example of the relationship between porosity and axial strain, as shown in fig. 3, it can be seen that the porosity of a rock sample undergoes two stages, i.e., gradually decreasing and then gradually increasing.
(8) And establishing a relation between permeability and porosity. Dividing the change of permeability and volume strain into two stages by taking a volume expansion point as a boundary point, and obtaining the relation between the permeability and the porosity by stage fitting, wherein the expression is as follows
The results of the parameters obtained by the fitting of this example are as follows, wherein R2 is the correlation coefficient of the fitting result, and is 0.99, which indicates that the fitting result is good.
Claims (5)
1. A method for determining the relation between permeability and porosity in a rock seepage stress coupling process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a rock sample of a region to be researched, and testing the initial porosity of the rock sample;
(2) placing the rock sample in a rock triaxial rheological test device, applying confining pressure and osmotic pressure, and testing the initial permeability of the rock sample;
(3) applying axial load to the rock sample, carrying out a triaxial seepage stress coupling experiment on the rock until the rock sample is damaged, and recording the stress, axial strain and circumferential strain of the rock sample and the water flow passing through the rock sample at each moment in the experiment process;
(4) calculating the permeability and the volume strain of the rock sample at each moment in the seepage stress coupling process according to the recorded values to obtain a relation curve of the permeability and the volume strain in the process;
(5) calculating the porosity of the rock sample in the process according to the volume strain value in the seepage stress coupling process of the rock sample;
the relationship between the porosity and the volume strain of the rock sample satisfies the following formula:
in the formula, ni+1And niRespectively at t for rock samplei+1And tiPorosity, Δ, corresponding to the momentvThe volume strain change value of the rock sample corresponding to the time interval is obtained;
(6) establishing a relation between permeability and porosity in a seepage stress coupling process: the volume expansion point is taken as a demarcation point, the change of the permeability and the porosity is divided into 2 stages, fitting is carried out in stages to obtain a relational expression of the permeability and the porosity, and the fitting formula is as follows:
wherein k and n are permeability and porosity, k0And n0And a, b and m are fitting parameters.
2. The method for determining the relation between permeability and porosity in the rock seepage stress coupling process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the initial porosity of the rock sample is measured by a water saturation test, and the test method is as follows: weighing initial weight of a rock sample, drying the rock sample to obtain dry weight, putting the rock sample into a vacuum pumping tank for dry pumping, slowly injecting distilled water, fully saturating the rock sample with water, and weighing the water saturation weight of the rock sample; calculating the initial porosity n of the rock sample according to the formula0:
Wherein m issAnd mdRespectively saturated and dry weight, p, of the rock samplewIs the density of water, VpAnd V is the pore volume and the total volume of the rock sample, respectively.
3. The method for determining the relation between the permeability and the porosity in the rock seepage stress coupling process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the confining pressure and the seepage pressure are continuously applied, after a stable seepage field is formed at two ends of the rock sample, the water flow passing through the rock sample in unit time is recorded, and the initial permeability of the rock sample is calculated based on Darcy's law.
4. The method for determining the relation between the permeability and the porosity in the rock seepage stress coupling process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the permeability of the rock sample at each moment in the rock seepage stress coupling process is calculated according to Darcy's law, and the volume strain of the rock sample is obtained according to the axial strain and the circumferential strain.
5. The method for determining the relationship between permeability and porosity in the rock seepage stress coupling process according to claim 1, wherein the volume expansion point is a plastic deformation point of the rock sample, and the volume expansion point corresponds to an inflection point in the permeability-volume strain relationship curve in the step (4).
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