CN110359842B - Wellbore track adjusting device for tight oil drilling - Google Patents
Wellbore track adjusting device for tight oil drilling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110359842B CN110359842B CN201910647873.4A CN201910647873A CN110359842B CN 110359842 B CN110359842 B CN 110359842B CN 201910647873 A CN201910647873 A CN 201910647873A CN 110359842 B CN110359842 B CN 110359842B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- drilling
- radial
- drill bit
- drill
- angle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a well track adjusting device for tight oil drilling, which relates to the technical field of well track control, and is characterized in that when the well drilling track is adjusted, a hydraulic driving angle adjusting pivot joint part abuts against a well wall, so that before the angle track of a drill bit is adjusted, an angle auxiliary drilling mechanism can be used for performing auxiliary drilling on the track advancing direction of the well wall, therefore, before the angle of the drill bit is adjusted, a space is provided for the angle adjustment of the drill bit, the abutting force borne by the drill bit is reduced, meanwhile, the drilling force of the drill bit during drilling is reduced, when the track is not required to be adjusted, the angle auxiliary drilling mechanism can extend into a lower drill cylinder and can not influence the drilling space and the drilling direction of the drill bit, only when the track is adjusted, the angle auxiliary drilling mechanism is required to extend according to the direction, and the extending distance can be adjusted, the axial positioning can be carried out, so that the precise track adjustment is facilitated, the drilling can be assisted, and the track adjustment precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wellbore trajectory control, in particular to a wellbore trajectory adjusting device for tight oil drilling.
Background
Because most oil fields at home and abroad are in the later development stage, most newly explored blocks are in special environments, such as oceans, beaches, deserts and other areas, the exploration and development difficulty and the cost are greatly increased, in the process of petroleum drilling, in order to smoothly drill to reach the design target, the track of a drilled hole must be adjusted for many times, and the current hole track adjusting device generally adjusts the drilling angle of a drill bit by utilizing an angle pivot joint part driven by hydraulic pressure or other modes so as to realize different angle drilling tracks. The adjusting mode of the structure has a large influence on the drill bit, the drill bit is forced to generate angle deviation under the driving of angle adjustment such as hydraulic pressure, the deflecting force of the drill bit on the front side is extremely large due to the mode, the drill bit is greatly damaged, the drill bit is even damaged due to the radial impact force of a well wall, and therefore the mode requires a small track adjusting angle and has a great adverse effect on the service life of the drill bit.
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a wellbore trajectory adjusting device for tight oil drilling to solve the above-mentioned problems of the background art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wellbore trajectory adjusting device for tight oil drilling, which solves the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a fine and close oil drilling's well track adjusting device, its includes drilling rod, angle modulation pin joint spare, drill barrel and the supplementary brill of angle and establishes the mechanism down, wherein, the bottom of drilling rod adopts angle modulation pin joint spare is connected drill barrel down, drill barrel is for having the hollow structure who holds the cavity down, just the bottom of drill barrel is provided with the drill bit seat down, detachable connects the drill bit on the drill bit seat, the installation is provided with in the holding cavity of drill barrel down the supplementary brill of angle establishes the mechanism, the supplementary brill of angle establishes the mechanism and can stretch into/stretch out hold in the cavity, just supplementary brill sword can along the axial direction removal of drill barrel down.
Further, preferably, a plurality of extension openings are formed in the periphery of the lower drilling barrel, and the extension openings are communicated with the accommodating cavity so that the auxiliary drill knife can extend out of the extension openings.
Further, as a preferred option, the angle auxiliary drilling mechanism comprises a radial support, an axial support and an auxiliary drill bit, wherein the axial support can be hung on the radial support along the radial direction of the lower drill cylinder, the radial support is fixed in the accommodating cavity of the lower drill cylinder along the radial direction of the lower drill cylinder, and the auxiliary drill bit can be arranged on the axial support in a manner of moving up and down.
Preferably, the two ends of the radial support are provided with cylindrical fixing seats, the cylindrical fixing seats extend into the outer wall of the lower drilling barrel along the radial direction so as to support and fix the radial support in the accommodating cavity, the radial support is provided with a radial driving mechanism for driving the axial support to move, and the axial support is provided with an axial driving mechanism for driving the auxiliary drill cutter to move up and down.
Further, preferably, a radial slide rail is arranged on the radial support, the radial suspension slide carriage slides along the radial slide rail, the axial support is vertically fixed on the radial suspension slide carriage, and the radial driving mechanism drives the radial suspension slide carriage to slide.
Further, as the preferred, be provided with the reinforcing plate of vertical arrangement on the axial support, adopt the vertical gliding vertical slide that is provided with of vertical upper and lower drive of axial actuating mechanism on the axial support, adopt the connecting plate on the vertical slide with the driving of supplementary brill sword is connected, so that the drive supplementary brill sword reciprocates.
Further, as a preferred option, the auxiliary drill includes a circular sliding seat and a plurality of outer drill cutters, the circular sliding seat is sleeved with the sliding seat and is arranged on the axial support, the bottom of the connecting plate is connected with the circular sliding seat so as to drive the circular sliding seat to move, the outer drill cutters are arranged on the circumferential array of the outer periphery of the circular sliding seat, and the outer drill cutters extend outwards along the radial direction of the circular sliding seat.
Preferably, the radial driving mechanism and the axial driving mechanism are motor screw nut driving mechanisms or hydraulic cylinder driving mechanisms.
Further, as a preferred option, a direct-drive stator is arranged on the periphery of the annular sliding seat, the outer drill cutter is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating seat, a direct-drive rotor is arranged on the inner wall of the rotating seat, and the direct-drive rotor and the direct-drive stator are constructed into a direct-drive motor for driving the rotating seat to rotate, so that the rotating seat drives the outer drill cutter to rotate.
Further, preferably, the invention further comprises a hydraulic locking mechanism, and the hydraulic locking mechanism can lock and fix the circular sliding seat, the vertical sliding seat and the radial suspension sliding seat at respective positions when the outer drill cutter rotates.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the invention is used for adjusting the drilling track, the hydraulic driving angle adjusting pivot joint piece is propped against the well wall, so that before the drill bit angle track is adjusted, the angle auxiliary drilling mechanism can be used for firstly carrying out auxiliary drilling on the track advancing direction of the well wall, so that, can provide space for the angle adjustment of the drill bit before the angle adjustment of the drill bit, reduce the abutting force borne by the drill bit and simultaneously reduce the drilling force of the drill bit during the drilling, when the track does not need to be adjusted, the angle auxiliary drilling mechanism can extend into the lower drilling barrel and be hidden in the lower drilling barrel, the drilling space and the drilling direction of the drill bit cannot be influenced, when the track is adjusted, the angle auxiliary drilling mechanism can be extended out according to the direction requirement, the extending distance can be adjusted, axial positioning can also be carried out, accurate track adjustment is facilitated, drilling can be assisted, and track adjustment accuracy is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall installation structure of a wellbore trajectory adjusting device for tight oil drilling;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an angle-assisted drilling mechanism in a wellbore trajectory adjusting device for tight oil drilling;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a radial support of a wellbore trajectory adjustment device for tight oil drilling.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an axial support structure of a wellbore trajectory adjusting device for tight oil drilling;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, a wellbore trajectory adjusting device for tight oil drilling includes a drill rod 01, an angle adjustment pivot 02, a lower drill cylinder 06, and an angle auxiliary drill mechanism 07, wherein the bottom of the drill rod 01 is connected to the lower drill cylinder 06 through the angle adjustment pivot 02, the lower drill cylinder 06 is a hollow structure having an accommodating cavity, a drill bit seat (not shown in the figure) is disposed at the bottom of the lower drill cylinder 06, the drill bit seat is detachably connected to a drill bit, the angle auxiliary drill mechanism 07 is mounted in the accommodating cavity of the lower drill cylinder, an auxiliary drill bit of the angle auxiliary drill mechanism can extend into/out of the accommodating cavity 05, and the auxiliary drill bit can move along an axial direction of the lower drill cylinder 06.
In this embodiment, a plurality of extension openings are formed around the lower drill cylinder, and the extension openings are communicated with the accommodating cavity 05, so that the auxiliary drill blade can extend out of the extension openings.
In a preferred embodiment, the angle auxiliary drilling mechanism comprises a radial support 03, an axial support 04 and an auxiliary drill bit, wherein the axial support 04 is hung on the radial support 03 in a manner that the axial support 04 can move along the radial direction of the lower drill pipe 06, the radial support 03 is fixed in the accommodating cavity of the lower drill pipe 06 along the radial direction of the lower drill pipe 06, and the auxiliary drill bit is arranged on the axial support 04 in a manner that the auxiliary drill bit can move up and down.
Wherein, the both ends of radial support are provided with cylinder fixing base one 7 and cylinder fixing base two 15, cylinder fixing base one 7 and cylinder fixing base two 15 are followed it is so that with to stretch into along radial on the outer wall of brill section of thick bamboo 06 down radial support body 2 of radial support 03 supports to be fixed hold in the cavity, be provided with the drive on the radial support radial actuating mechanism 17 that the axial support removed, be provided with the drive on the axial support the axial actuating mechanism that supplementary brill sword reciprocated.
Wherein, be provided with radial slide rail 19 on radial support body 2 of radial support, radial suspension slide 8 is along radial slide rail 19 sliding movement, the vertical fixing of axial support 1 is in on the radial suspension slide 8, radial actuating mechanism drive radial suspension slide 8 sliding movement.
The axial support 1 is provided with a vertically arranged reinforcing plate 4, the axial support 1 is provided with a vertical sliding seat 3 which is driven to slide vertically and vertically by an axial driving mechanism, and the vertical sliding seat 3 is connected with the auxiliary drill cutter in a driving mode by a connecting plate so as to drive the auxiliary drill cutter to move up and down.
The auxiliary drill comprises a circular sliding seat 14 and a plurality of outer drill cutters 6, the circular sliding seat 14 is sleeved on the axial support in a sliding mode, the bottom of the connecting plate is connected with the circular sliding seat 14 so as to drive the circular sliding seat to move, the outer drill cutters 6 are arranged on the periphery of the circular sliding seat in a circumferential array mode, and the outer drill cutters extend outwards along the radial direction of the circular sliding seat.
The radial driving mechanism and the axial driving mechanism adopt a motor lead screw nut driving mechanism or a hydraulic cylinder driving mechanism, specifically, the radial driving mechanism comprises a radial lead screw 16 and a radial lead screw driving motor 18, the axial driving mechanism comprises a nut seat 13, an axial lead screw 11 and an axial motor 10, and the upper end of the axial support is fixedly connected with the radial suspension sliding seat 8 through an auxiliary seat 20 so as to enhance the fixing capacity.
The outer periphery of the annular sliding seat 14 is provided with a direct-drive stator, the outer drill cutter 6 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating seat 5, the inner wall of the rotating seat 5 is provided with a direct-drive rotor, and the direct-drive rotor and the direct-drive stator are constructed into a direct-drive motor for driving the rotating seat to rotate, so that the rotating seat drives the outer drill cutter to rotate.
In addition, the hydraulic locking mechanism is connected with a hydraulic control pump through a connector 9 and can lock and fix the circular annular sliding seat, the vertical sliding seat and the radial suspension sliding seat at respective positions when the outer drill cutter rotates.
When the invention is used for adjusting the drilling track, the hydraulic driving angle adjusting pivot joint piece is propped against the well wall, so that before the drill bit angle track is adjusted, the angle auxiliary drilling mechanism can be used for firstly carrying out auxiliary drilling on the track advancing direction of the well wall, so that, can provide space for the angle adjustment of the drill bit before the angle adjustment of the drill bit, reduce the abutting force borne by the drill bit and simultaneously reduce the drilling force of the drill bit during the drilling, when the track does not need to be adjusted, the angle auxiliary drilling mechanism can extend into the lower drilling barrel and be hidden in the lower drilling barrel, the drilling space and the drilling direction of the drill bit cannot be influenced, when the track is adjusted, the angle auxiliary drilling mechanism can be extended out according to the direction requirement, the extending distance can be adjusted, axial positioning can also be carried out, accurate track adjustment is facilitated, drilling can be assisted, and track adjustment accuracy is improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a fine and close oil drilling's well track adjusting device, its includes drilling rod, angle modulation pin joint spare, drill barrel and the supplementary brill of angle and establishes the mechanism down, wherein, the bottom of drilling rod adopts angle modulation pin joint spare is connected drill barrel down, drill barrel is for having the hollow structure who holds the cavity down, just the bottom of drill barrel is provided with the drill bit seat down, detachable connects the drill bit on the drill bit seat, the installation is provided with in the holding cavity of drill barrel down the supplementary brill of angle establishes the mechanism, the supplementary brill of angle establishes the mechanism and can stretch into/stretch out hold in the cavity, just supplementary brill sword can along the axial direction removal of drill barrel down.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a plurality of extension openings are formed around the lower drilling cylinder, and the extension openings communicate with the receiving cavity so as to allow the auxiliary drill to extend from the extension openings.
3. The device for adjusting the trajectory of a well bore for tight oil drilling according to claim 2, wherein the angle-assisted drilling mechanism comprises a radial support, an axial support and an auxiliary drill bit, wherein the axial support is movably hung on the radial support along the radial direction of the lower drill pipe, the radial support is fixed in the receiving cavity of the lower drill pipe along the radial direction of the lower drill pipe, and the auxiliary drill bit is movably arranged on the axial support up and down.
4. The device for adjusting the track of a tight oil drilling well according to claim 3, wherein the radial support is provided at both ends thereof with cylindrical fixing seats, the cylindrical fixing seats radially extend from the outer wall of the lower drilling barrel so as to support and fix the radial support in the accommodating cavity, the radial support is provided with a radial driving mechanism for driving the axial support to move, and the axial support is provided with an axial driving mechanism for driving the auxiliary drill bit to move up and down.
5. The well track adjusting device for tight oil drilling according to claim 3, wherein the radial support is provided with a radial slide rail along which a radial suspension slide is slidably moved, the axial support is vertically fixed on the radial suspension slide, and a radial driving mechanism drives the radial suspension slide to slidably move.
6. The well track adjusting device for tight oil drilling according to claim 4, wherein the axial bracket is provided with a vertically arranged reinforcing plate, the axial bracket is provided with a vertical slide which is vertically driven to slide up and down by an axial driving mechanism, and the vertical slide is in driving connection with the auxiliary drill bit by a connecting plate so as to drive the auxiliary drill bit to move up and down.
7. The well track adjusting device for tight oil drilling according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary drill comprises a circular sliding seat and a plurality of outer drill cutters, the circular sliding seat is slidably sleeved on the axial support, the bottom of the connecting plate is connected with the circular sliding seat so as to drive the circular sliding seat to move, the outer circumferential portion of the circular sliding seat is circumferentially arrayed with the plurality of outer drill cutters, and the outer drill cutters extend outwards along the radial direction of the circular sliding seat.
8. The device for adjusting the well track of the tight oil well drilling according to claim 6, wherein the radial driving mechanism and the axial driving mechanism adopt a motor lead screw nut driving mechanism or a hydraulic cylinder driving mechanism.
9. The device for adjusting the trajectory of a well for tight oil drilling according to claim 7, wherein a direct-drive stator is disposed on an outer peripheral portion of the circular sliding seat, the outer drill bit is fixedly disposed on an outer wall of the rotating seat, a direct-drive rotor is disposed on an inner wall of the rotating seat, and the direct-drive rotor and the direct-drive stator are configured as a direct-drive motor for driving the rotating seat to rotate, so that the rotating seat drives the outer drill bit to rotate.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a hydraulic locking mechanism capable of locking and fixing the circular slide, the vertical slide and the radial suspension slide in their respective positions when the outer drill bit is rotated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910647873.4A CN110359842B (en) | 2019-07-17 | 2019-07-17 | Wellbore track adjusting device for tight oil drilling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910647873.4A CN110359842B (en) | 2019-07-17 | 2019-07-17 | Wellbore track adjusting device for tight oil drilling |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110359842A CN110359842A (en) | 2019-10-22 |
| CN110359842B true CN110359842B (en) | 2020-11-24 |
Family
ID=68220121
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910647873.4A Active CN110359842B (en) | 2019-07-17 | 2019-07-17 | Wellbore track adjusting device for tight oil drilling |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110359842B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113349150A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-09-07 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Transport ship for pseudosciaena crocea relay culture |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5139094A (en) * | 1991-02-01 | 1992-08-18 | Anadrill, Inc. | Directional drilling methods and apparatus |
| US5415238A (en) * | 1994-04-29 | 1995-05-16 | Western Atlas International, Inc. | Borehole sidetrack locator |
| CN105525872B (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2018-03-09 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Static pushing type rotary guiding device |
| CN104763010B (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2017-03-01 | 项栋才 | Formula engineering groover is pounded in milling concussion punching |
| CN207194882U (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-04-06 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of air drilling deviation control with drilling straight well underground aided drilling instrument based on optical principle |
| CN109763777B (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2020-11-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Push-back type rotary guiding device |
| CN109681123B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2023-09-29 | 山东唐口煤业有限公司 | Diameter-adjustable drill bit and sectional reaming method |
-
2019
- 2019-07-17 CN CN201910647873.4A patent/CN110359842B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110359842A (en) | 2019-10-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110359842B (en) | Wellbore track adjusting device for tight oil drilling | |
| CN113236168B (en) | Drilling combined coring equipment for fourth-system drilling construction | |
| CN215057493U (en) | Three-station push beam | |
| CN115401236A (en) | Automatic punching equipment for motor gland lockhole | |
| CN202123266U (en) | In-step-boring hole drilling device for water distributing ring | |
| CN116659939B (en) | Assembled building grouting hole quality detection device | |
| CN108327026A (en) | A kind of wood-based planet scoring apparatus | |
| CN107971511A (en) | A kind of grooved bit component, perforating device and drilling method | |
| CN219638767U (en) | Directional deviation preventing device for geological drilling | |
| CN205968274U (en) | Motor shaft end drilling positioning fixture | |
| CN112096293B (en) | Variable-diameter drill bit for oil field drilling | |
| CN107571329A (en) | Handheld drill device for bubbles model drilling | |
| CN210714453U (en) | Novel probing device for geotechnical engineering investigation | |
| CN205135426U (en) | Soil-collecting type hydraulic bottom-expanding drilling machine | |
| CN114198027A (en) | Movable advanced drilling and grouting integrated machine suitable for TBM | |
| CN209850400U (en) | Tubular workpiece drilling and tapping all-in-one machine | |
| CN209510245U (en) | A kind of diameter adjustable drill bit | |
| CN208696359U (en) | A kind of machining piston dowel hole special purpose machine tool | |
| CN221856642U (en) | Drilling rod and mast convenient to assemble for rotary drilling rig | |
| CN206366814U (en) | The processing unit (plant) of lock cylinder lock body process equipment | |
| CN218150774U (en) | Multi-arm drill frame mechanism for underground coal mine | |
| CN220647347U (en) | Surveying and mapping device | |
| CN117168876B (en) | Rock stratum sampling device and method for tunnel excavation | |
| CN218971122U (en) | Grouting drilling machine and grouting system | |
| CN218311976U (en) | Adjusting device for workbench of drilling, milling and boring machine |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |