CN110357557B - Flame-retardant diatomite wall brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Flame-retardant diatomite wall brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110357557B CN110357557B CN201910819980.0A CN201910819980A CN110357557B CN 110357557 B CN110357557 B CN 110357557B CN 201910819980 A CN201910819980 A CN 201910819980A CN 110357557 B CN110357557 B CN 110357557B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention discloses a flame-retardant diatomite wall brick and a preparation method thereof, wherein the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 35-40% of waste diatomite, 35-40% of cement, 3-5% of gypsum powder, 5-10% of aluminum ash and the balance of water. The waste diatomite is obtained by subjecting oil-containing diatomite which is a waste in the aluminum processing industry to oil extraction and harmless treatment, wherein the weight ratio of silicon dioxide in the waste diatomite is more than 80%, and the oil content is less than 0.001%. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the waste oil-containing diatomite in the aluminum processing industry is roasted in the oil extraction harmless treatment process, the oil content of the treated waste diatomite is less than 0.001 percent, the weight ratio of silicon dioxide is more than 80 percent, and the waste diatomite can endure the high temperature of 1000 plus materials at 1200 ℃, so that the flame retardance of the materials is greatly improved, the resource waste is avoided, and the environment is protected; and the heat conductivity coefficient of the waste diatomite is less than 0.06W (m.k), the heat insulation performance is good, the porosity is high (the specific surface area is larger than 8-12m 2/g) when the waste diatomite is selected to be more than 150 meshes, and the sound insulation effect of the flame-retardant wall brick is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of environment-friendly building materials, and particularly relates to a flame-retardant diatomite wall brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the production process of the aluminum processing industry, a large amount of waste diatomite is generated, the waste diatomite subjected to oil extraction and harmless treatment generally contains a small amount of metal fragments and cannot be applied to normal industrial production again, at present, in the aspect of resource utilization of the waste diatomite, a better technical process is not available at home and abroad, a more common treatment method is landfill, certain environmental pollution is caused, a large amount of land for landfill or stacking is occupied, and meanwhile, huge resource waste is caused. Therefore, a novel environment-friendly and energy-saving technology is needed to be developed, the waste diatomite is changed into valuable materials and is recycled, and the national policy of energy conservation and environmental protection is met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of resource limitation in the prior art and provide a method for converting waste diatomite into a flame-retardant wall brick.
In order to achieve the purpose, the scheme of the invention is as follows:
the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 35-40% of waste diatomite, 35-40% of cement, 3-5% of gypsum powder, 5-10% of aluminum ash and the balance of water.
The waste diatomite is obtained by subjecting oil-containing diatomite which is a waste in the aluminum processing industry to oil extraction and harmless treatment, wherein the weight ratio of silicon dioxide in the waste diatomite is more than 80%, and the oil content is less than 0.001%.
The granularity of the waste diatomite is more than 150 meshes.
The cement is portland cement.
The gypsum powder is power plant waste desulfurized gypsum.
The granularity of the gypsum powder is more than 100 meshes.
The aluminum ash is the tertiary aluminum ash of waste in the aluminum processing industry.
The preparation method of the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, adding waste diatomite, cement, gypsum powder and aluminum ash into a container, sealing, and stirring in a dry mode for 15-20 min; spraying the first part of water, stirring for 8-12min to obtain slurry, washing the container wall with the second part of water, and introducing the washing water into the slurry, wherein the sum of the first part of water and the second part of water is the total water consumption; stirring the slurry at normal temperature to prevent agglomeration, adjusting pH to 8-9, transferring into molding equipment, performing extrusion molding, and standing for 120 min; and curing after molding to obtain the finished product of the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick.
And in the stirring process, the stirring speed is 25-35 r/min.
The maintenance refers to maintenance under natural conditions with the temperature of more than 10 ℃, and the finished product of the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick is formed after 7-28 days of maintenance.
Has the advantages that:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the original raw material value of the waste diatomite is very high, and the granularity, the water absorption and oil absorption and the heat insulation performance of the waste diatomite are very good;
2. the waste oil-containing diatomite in the aluminum processing industry is roasted in the oil extraction harmless treatment process, the oil content of the treated waste diatomite is less than 0.001 percent, the silicon dioxide content is more than 80 percent (weight ratio), and the waste diatomite can resist the high temperature of 1000 plus materials at 1200 ℃, so that the flame retardance of the materials is greatly improved, the resource waste is avoided, and the environment is protected; the heat conductivity coefficient of the waste diatomite is less than 0.06W (m.k), the heat insulation performance is good, the porosity is high (the specific surface area is 8-12m 2/g) when the waste diatomite is selected to be more than 150 meshes, so that the sound insulation effect of the flame-retardant wall brick is good;
3. in the formula of the invention, the cement and the gypsum powder play roles of bonding and increasing strength, and the gypsum powder also utilizes power plant wastes, so that resources are fully utilized, and waste is avoided;
4. in the formula, the aluminum ash is used for generating a small amount of ammonium ions through the reaction with water and adjusting the pH value of the mixture to be between 8 and 9, the aluminum ash is used as three-level waste ash obtained after recycling first-level ash and second-level ash in the aluminum processing industry, the aluminum content is below 7 percent, resources are fully utilized, waste is avoided, and the aluminum in the aluminum ash also plays a role in reducing weight and enhancing fire resistance and temperature resistance;
5. the invention makes full use of waste resources, and when the brick is used for wall bricks, the production cost is reduced, and the excellent performances of heat insulation, sound insulation, flame retardance, light weight and heat preservation of the wall bricks can be achieved.
Detailed Description
The flame-retardant diatomite wall brick comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 35-40% of waste diatomite, 35-40% of cement, 3-5% of gypsum powder, 5-10% of aluminum ash and the balance of water.
Further, the waste diatomite is obtained by subjecting oil-containing diatomite which is a waste in the aluminum processing industry to oil extraction and harmless treatment, and the weight ratio of silicon dioxide in the waste diatomite is more than 80%, and the oil content is less than 0.001%.
Further, the particle size of the waste diatomite is 150 meshes or more.
Further, the cement is portland cement, and preferably ordinary commercially available portland cement designated by reference numeral 325 or 425 is used.
Further, the gypsum powder is power plant waste desulfurized gypsum.
Furthermore, the particle size of the gypsum powder is more than 100 meshes.
Further, the aluminum ash is the tertiary aluminum ash of waste in the aluminum processing industry.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick, which comprises the following steps: firstly, adding waste diatomite, cement, gypsum powder and aluminum ash into a container, sealing, and stirring in a dry mode for 15-20 min; spraying the first part of water, stirring for 8-12min to obtain slurry, washing the container wall with the second part of water, wherein the sum of the first part of water and the second part of water is the total water consumption, and the first part of water can completely dissolve the dry mixture; stirring the slurry at normal temperature to prevent agglomeration, adjusting pH to 8-9, transferring into molding equipment, performing extrusion molding, and standing for 120 min; and curing after molding to obtain the finished product of the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick.
Further, in the stirring, the stirring speed is 25-35 r/min.
Further, the curing refers to curing under natural conditions with the temperature of more than 10 ℃, and after curing for 7-28 days, a finished product of the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick is formed.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, wherein the total amount of the raw materials is 10 kg.
Example 1
The flame-retardant diatomite wall brick is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 35% of waste diatomite, 40% of cement, 3% of gypsum powder, 10% of aluminum ash and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick comprises the following steps:
(1) adding waste diatomite, cement, gypsum powder and aluminum ash into a container, sealing, and stirring for 15min in a dry mixing way, wherein the stirring speed is 35 r/min;
(2) spraying the first part of water, stirring for 10min at the stirring speed of 35r/min, washing the container wall with the second part of water, and introducing the washing water into the slurry, wherein the sum of the first part of water and the second part of water is the total water consumption;
(3) stirring the slurry at normal temperature to solid content of 80-85% to prevent agglomeration, adjusting pH to 8-9, transferring into molding equipment, extruding, standing, and standing for 120 min;
(4) and after the forming, the product is maintained under natural conditions at the temperature of more than 10 ℃, can be transported for more than 7 days, and can be formed into a finished product for use in 28 days.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that:
the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 36% of waste diatomite, 39% of cement, 3% of gypsum powder, 9% of aluminum ash and the balance of water.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that:
the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 37% of waste diatomite, 38% of cement, 4% of gypsum powder, 8% of aluminum ash and the balance of water.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that:
the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 38% of waste diatomite, 37% of cement, 4% of gypsum powder, 7% of aluminum ash and the balance of water.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is that:
the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 39% of waste diatomite, 36% of cement, 5% of gypsum powder, 6% of aluminum ash and the balance of water.
Example 6
The difference from example 1 is that:
the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40% of waste diatomite, 35% of cement, 5% of gypsum powder, 5% of aluminum ash and the balance of water.
Example 7
The flame-retardant diatomite wall brick is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40% of waste diatomite, 35% of cement, 5% of gypsum powder, 5% of aluminum ash and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick comprises the following steps:
(1) adding waste diatomite, cement, gypsum powder and aluminum ash into a container, sealing, and stirring in a dry mixing manner for 20min at the stirring speed of 30 r/min;
(2) spraying the first part of water, stirring for 8min at the stirring speed of 30r/min, washing the container wall with the second part of water, and introducing the washing water into the slurry, wherein the sum of the first part of water and the second part of water is the total water consumption;
(3) stirring the slurry at normal temperature to solid content of 80-85% to prevent agglomeration, adjusting pH to 8-9, transferring into molding equipment, extruding, standing, and standing for 120 min;
(4) and after the forming, the product is maintained under natural conditions at the temperature of more than 10 ℃, can be transported for more than 7 days, and can be formed into a finished product for use in 28 days.
Example 8
The flame-retardant diatomite wall brick is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 35% of waste diatomite, 40% of cement, 3% of gypsum powder, 10% of aluminum ash and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick comprises the following steps:
(1) adding waste diatomite, cement, gypsum powder and aluminum ash into a container, sealing, and stirring in a dry mixing manner for 17min at the stirring speed of 25 r/min;
(2) spraying the first part of water, stirring for 12min at the stirring speed of 25r/min, washing the container wall with the second part of water, and introducing the washing water into the slurry, wherein the sum of the first part of water and the second part of water is the total water consumption;
(3) stirring the slurry at normal temperature to solid content of 80-85% to prevent agglomeration, adjusting pH to 8-9, transferring into molding equipment, extruding, standing, and standing for 120 min;
(4) and after the forming, the product is maintained under natural conditions at the temperature of more than 10 ℃, can be transported for more than 7 days, and can be formed into a finished product for use in 28 days.
To demonstrate the effectiveness of the invention, physical property tests were carried out below using the products of examples 1 to 6 as examples:
1. setting a control group: according to the brick body material commonly used in the prior art, 4 comparison groups are arranged, namely a comparison group 1 (autoclaved fly ash brick), a comparison group 2 (perforated brick), a comparison group 3 (aerated concrete block) and a comparison group 4 (foamed concrete).
2. Setting a test group: the products of examples 1 to 6 were used in the order of test groups 1 to 6.
3. And (3) detection: the detection method is carried out according to the national relevant standards, and the detection results are shown in the following table 1, wherein in the table 1, the relevant data of a control group 1 is selected from the records in JCT 239-.
TABLE 1 comparison of the test results of the different test groups
| Test group | Density kg/m3 | Thermal conductivity w/(m.K) | Compressive strength MPa |
| Control group 1 (autoclaved fly ash brick) | 1400-1500 | 0.65 | 10-20 |
| Control group 2 (perforated brick) | 800-1200 | 0.58 | 3.5-30 |
| Control group 3 (aerated concrete block) | 500-600 | 0.16-0.28 | 1.0-10 |
| Control group 4 (foaming concrete) | 300-1200 | 0.19-0.22 | 0.3-0.5 |
| Test group 1 | 520 | 0.17 | 4.51 |
| Test group 2 | 460 | 0.17 | 4.51 |
| Test group 3 | 430 | 0.16 | 4.51 |
| Test group 4 | 420 | 0.16 | 4.47 |
| Test group 5 | 400 | 0.16 | 4.46 |
| Test group 6 | 380 | 0.15 | 4.46 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the density and the thermal conductivity of the products obtained in the examples 1 to 6 of the invention are both smaller than the corresponding parameters of the comparison groups 1 to 4, which shows that the density of the invention is greatly reduced compared with the prior art, namely the weight is light, the thermal conductivity is greatly reduced, namely the heat preservation effect is good, and the flame retardant property is good; the compression strength parameters of the products obtained in the embodiments 1 to 6 of the invention are close to the compression strength of the perforated brick of the control group 2, which shows that the products achieve the compression strength of the perforated brick sold in the market, meet the market requirements, and can be directly used as a low-pressure wall or used as a wall lining or an inner wall without bearing pressure. The raw materials of the invention are derived from waste diatomite and aluminum ash in the aluminum processing industry, so that the cost is almost zero, and the invention completely achieves the aim of recycling waste.
While the preferred formulations of the present invention have been described, it should be understood that the invention is not limited by the above examples, and that various changes and modifications in the component proportions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the overall spirit of the invention, and such should be construed as being within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The flame-retardant diatomite wall brick is characterized in that: the paint consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 35-40% of waste diatomite, 35-40% of cement, 3-5% of gypsum powder, 5-10% of aluminum ash and the balance of water;
the waste diatomite is waste diatomite obtained by performing oil extraction and harmless treatment on waste oily diatomite in the aluminum processing industry, wherein the weight ratio of silicon dioxide in the waste diatomite is more than 80%, the oil content is less than 0.001%, and the granularity of the waste diatomite is more than 150 meshes;
the cement is portland cement;
the gypsum powder is power plant waste desulfurized gypsum, and the granularity of the gypsum powder is more than 100 meshes;
the aluminum ash is three-level aluminum ash of wastes in the aluminum processing industry;
the preparation method of the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, adding waste diatomite, cement, gypsum powder and aluminum ash into a container, sealing, and stirring in a dry mode for 15-20 min; spraying the first part of water, stirring for 8-12min to obtain slurry, washing the container wall with the second part of water, and introducing the washing water into the slurry, wherein the sum of the first part of water and the second part of water is the total water consumption; stirring the slurry at normal temperature to prevent agglomeration, adjusting pH to 8-9, transferring into molding equipment, and extruding to obtain slurry, standing in a container for 120 min; and curing after molding to obtain the finished product of the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick.
2. The fire retardant diatomite wall brick as recited in claim 1, wherein: and in the stirring process, the stirring speed is 25-35 r/min.
3. The fire retardant diatomite wall brick as recited in claim 1, wherein: the maintenance refers to maintenance under natural conditions with the temperature of more than 10 ℃, and the finished product of the flame-retardant diatomite wall brick is formed after 7-28 days of maintenance.
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| CN110963768A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-07 | 郑州恒博环境科技股份有限公司 | Brick containing aluminum processing solid waste and preparation method thereof |
| CN113307553A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-08-27 | 临江市和合新型装饰材料有限公司 | Efficient mixed environment-friendly product prepared by deep processing of diatomite waste and preparation method thereof |
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