CN110351544B - Three-dimensional image coding method and device for naked eye 3D display - Google Patents
Three-dimensional image coding method and device for naked eye 3D display Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a three-dimensional image coding method and a three-dimensional image coding device for naked eye 3D display, wherein the method comprises the following steps: filling a viewpoint of each sub-pixel according to the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylindrical lens covering the sub-pixel; the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel is corrected based on the area of the two partial regions into which the divided sub-pixel is divided and the pixel values of the sub-pixels adjacent to the divided sub-pixel. According to the naked eye 3D display three-dimensional image coding method and device, after the viewpoint filling is carried out on each sub-pixel, the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel is corrected according to the area of the two parts of the areas divided by the divided sub-pixel and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, so that edge sawteeth in the display effect are reduced, the display effect of a stereoscopic display is improved, and the hardware cost can be greatly saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of image coding, in particular to a three-dimensional image coding method and device for naked eye 3D display.
Background
The grating display technology in the naked eye stereoscopic display has also begun to be widely popularized and gradually matured. The LCD naked eye stereoscopic display consists of an LCD display panel and a lenticular grating, and has the advantages of large size, high brightness, seamless splicing and large depth of field. The cylindrical lens grating has the function of spatial light splitting, and light rays emitted by pixels arranged at different spatial positions on a focal plane are emitted in the connecting line direction of optical centers through the spatial light modulation of the cylindrical convex lens. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a lenticular stereoscopic display in the prior art, and as shown in fig. 1, parallax images at different angles are subjected to pixel rearrangement and synthesis based on the principle of lenticular to finally obtain a synthesized image, the synthesized image is displayed on a display panel, information in different directions can be restored through the light splitting effect of the lenticular, different visual areas are formed in a space, and three-dimensional display is achieved.
In the prior art, in order to eliminate moire fringes formed by a pixel space period and a grating space period of an LCD, a lenticular grating needs to be tilted by a certain angle, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an LCD image encoding principle of a tilted grating in the prior art, and as shown in fig. 2, a 7-view three-dimensional stereoscopic display can be realized according to the tilted encoding in fig. 2.
However, since moire fringes need to be eliminated as much as possible when the LCD and the lenticular lens are bonded, the arrangement of the lenticular lens and the vertical arrangement direction of the LCD subpixels must be at a certain angle θ (0 ° < θ <90 °), so that some subpixels are divided into two parts by the edge of the unit lenticular lens, fig. 3 is a schematic view in which the subpixels are divided into two parts by the edge of the unit lenticular lens in the related art, and as shown in fig. 3, the unit lenticular lens covers 4 subpixels, and the subpixel filling the viewpoint 1 is divided into two parts by the edge of the unit lenticular lens. In reality, due to process limitations, the lenticular lens of the factory is not an ideal integer when the unit lenticular lens covers an integer number of sub-pixels, but an "irregular" non-integer (e.g. 4.7632) causes the sub-pixels not to be completely covered by the unit lenticular lens, but the case of dividing the sub-pixels into two parts is more complicated, and the viewpoint that should form the viewing area in space sequentially is covered by two unit lenticular lenses, so that one viewpoint is split into different viewing areas, and thus when people watch the stereoscopic display, the stereoscopic display can be seen to have obvious edge sawteeth, which affects the appearance of the stereoscopic display. In the lenticular grating multi-view LCD stereoscopic display, the smaller the pixel point is, the more complete the sub-pixels covered by the unit lenticules are, and the less obvious the edge sawteeth are. However, the unit cylindrical lens intercept in the naked eye LCD stereoscopic display technology is generally smaller, the number of covered sub-pixels is less, the pixel point of a common LCD screen cannot be infinitely small, and the problem of edge sawtooth cannot be well solved by adopting the mode. Therefore, how to reduce or eliminate the edge saw teeth of the three-dimensional image is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of embodiments of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for encoding three-dimensional images for naked-eye 3D display that overcomes or at least partially solves the above-mentioned problems.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for encoding a three-dimensional image for naked-eye 3D display, including:
filling a viewpoint of each sub-pixel according to the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylindrical lens covering the sub-pixel;
and correcting the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel according to the area of the two partial areas divided by the divided sub-pixel and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, wherein the divided sub-pixel is a sub-pixel which is not completely covered by the same unit lens.
Further, the correcting the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel according to the area of the two partial regions into which the divided sub-pixel is divided and the pixel values of the adjacent sub-pixels of the divided sub-pixel specifically includes:
if the adjacent sub-pixels are found on the left side and the right side of the target segmentation sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a first correction formula, wherein the first correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr-1+Pr+1×Sr+1
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, Sr-1Dividing the pixel value, S, of the left-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixel for the objectr+1For the target division of the pixel value, P, of the right-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixelr+1The area of the region close to the right adjacent sub-pixel in the two partial regions into which the sub-pixel is divided for the target division accounts for the proportion of the area of the sub-pixel.
Further, the correcting the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel according to the area of the two partial regions into which the divided sub-pixel is divided and the pixel values of the sub-pixels adjacent to the divided sub-pixel further includes:
if it is judged and known that no adjacent sub-pixel exists on the left side of the target segmentation sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a second correction formula, wherein the second correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr+Pr+1×Sr+1
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, SrSegmenting the pixel value of the sub-pixel, S, for the targetr+1For the target division of the pixel value, P, of the right-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixelr+1The area of the region close to the right adjacent sub-pixel in the two partial regions into which the target segmentation sub-pixel is segmented accounts for the proportion of the area of the sub-pixel;
if the right side of the target segmentation sub-pixel is judged and known to have no adjacent sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a third correction formula, wherein the third correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr-1+Pr+1×Sr
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, SrSegmenting the pixel value of the sub-pixel, S, for the targetr-1Dividing the pixel value, P, of the left-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixel for the objectr+1The right region area of the two partial regions into which the target divided sub-pixel is divided accounts for the proportion of the sub-pixel area.
Further, the performing viewpoint filling on each sub-pixel according to the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylinder covering the sub-pixel specifically includes:
determining the corresponding relation between the sub-pixels and the viewpoints according to the size relation of the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylindrical lens covering the sub-pixel;
each sub-pixel is filled with information of the viewpoint corresponding thereto.
On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional image encoding device for naked eye 3D display, including:
the viewpoint filling module is used for filling the viewpoint of each sub-pixel according to the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylindrical lens covering the sub-pixel;
and the correction module is used for correcting the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel according to the area of the two partial areas divided by the divided sub-pixel and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, wherein the divided sub-pixel is a sub-pixel which is not completely covered by the same unit lens.
Further, the correction module is specifically configured to:
if the adjacent sub-pixels are found on the left side and the right side of the target segmentation sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a first correction formula, wherein the first correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr-1+Pr+1×Sr+1
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, Sr-1Dividing the pixel value, S, of the left-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixel for the objectr+1For the target division of the pixel value, P, of the right-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixelr+1The area of the region close to the right adjacent sub-pixel in the two partial regions into which the sub-pixel is divided for the target division accounts for the proportion of the area of the sub-pixel.
Further, the correction module is further configured to:
if it is judged and known that no adjacent sub-pixel exists on the left side of the target segmentation sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a second correction formula, wherein the second correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr+Pr+1×Sr+1
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, SrSegmenting the pixel value of the sub-pixel, S, for the targetr+1The pixel values of the right neighboring sub-pixels of the sub-pixel are segmented for the target,Pr+1the area of the region close to the right adjacent sub-pixel in the two partial regions into which the target segmentation sub-pixel is segmented accounts for the proportion of the area of the sub-pixel;
if the right side of the target segmentation sub-pixel is judged and known to have no adjacent sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a third correction formula, wherein the third correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr-1+Pr+1×Sr
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, SrSegmenting the pixel value of the sub-pixel, S, for the targetr-1Dividing the pixel value, P, of the left-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixel for the objectr+1The right region area of the two partial regions into which the target divided sub-pixel is divided accounts for the proportion of the sub-pixel area.
Further, the filling module is specifically configured to:
determining the corresponding relation between the sub-pixels and the viewpoints according to the size relation of the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylindrical lens covering the sub-pixel;
each sub-pixel is filled with information of the viewpoint corresponding thereto.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the above method when executing the computer program.
In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the above method.
According to the naked eye 3D display three-dimensional image coding method and device, after the viewpoint filling is carried out on each sub-pixel, the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel is corrected according to the area of the two parts of the areas divided by the divided sub-pixel and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, so that edge sawteeth in the display effect are reduced, the display effect of a stereoscopic display is improved, and the hardware cost can be greatly saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a lenticular stereoscopic display according to the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the encoding principle of tilted grating LCD image in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a prior art subpixel divided into two portions by the edge of a cell lenticular;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a naked eye 3D display three-dimensional image encoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a corresponding relationship between a viewpoint and a sub-pixel in a display unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a possible situation after sub-pixels are divided by lenticular edges according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a first case where sub-pixels are divided by lenticular edges according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a second case where sub-pixels are divided by lenticular edges according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a third case where sub-pixels are divided by lenticular edges according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a fourth case where sub-pixels are divided by lenticular edges according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a naked eye 3D display three-dimensional image encoding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
First, terms in the following examples are explained:
1. parallax images: the human eye vision is simulated, and when the same scene is shot from different angles, two or more obtained images with parallax are called parallax images.
2. Synthesizing an image: the pixels of the parallax image are arranged according to the optical structure of the grating and the generated image is a synthesized image, i.e. an image after encoding, or called an encoded image.
3. Viewpoint: the parallax image is formed at a position in space where it can be viewed correctly.
4. View zone: the refraction effect of the lenticular lens grating enables light rays from different parallax images to propagate in different directions, and a parallax image viewing area, namely a visual area, is formed in space.
5. The number of viewpoints: the number of parallax images observed by a viewer in a viewing period range.
6. Moire fringes: moire fringes will be produced by the interference of the grating periodic structure with the periodic structure of the black matrix on the LCD.
7. Inclination angle: and the included angle between the grating stripe direction and the vertical direction of the LCD.
8. Number of lines: the number of sub-pixels covered by each block of unit lenticules.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a naked eye 3D display three-dimensional image coding method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a naked eye 3D display three-dimensional image coding method, which is implemented by a naked eye 3D display three-dimensional image coding device, and includes:
step S401, filling each sub-pixel with a viewpoint according to the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylinder covering the sub-pixel.
Specifically, for convenience of description, the embodiment of the present invention is described by taking a naked eye 3D display system including three unit lenticules and 28 viewpoints as an example, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of correspondence between viewpoints and sub-pixels in one display unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the three unit lenticules are respectively a unit lenticule 1, a unit lenticule 2 and a unit lenticule 3, the number of lines of the system is N, N is 4.6667, an included angle between a grating stripe direction and an LCD vertical direction is an inclination angle of a lenticular grating, and fig. 5 is a positive direction, and the discussion in the embodiment is also defined as the positive direction. The lenticular sheet is slanted at an angle θ, θ being arctan (1/6), and each subpixel has a width of 1 unit and a length of 3 units. Therefore, one line of the naked eye 3D display system can cover 14 sub-pixels, and the naked eye 3D display system is formed by two lines of pixels together, so that 28-viewpoint three-dimensional display can be realized.
Since the distance from the pixel center point to the optical axis in the horizontal direction determines the spatial viewing area of each parallax image in the naked-eye 3D display system, the filling order is determined by the distance from the pixel center point to the covered optical axis of the cell prism (i.e., the position of the cell prism center) in the horizontal direction.
Therefore, first, according to the encoding method in the prior art, each sub-pixel is subjected to viewpoint filling according to the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylinder covering the sub-pixel, and an initial encoded image is obtained.
As shown in fig. 5, the resulting initial encoded image has the view point number 25 for the sub-pixel in row 1 and column 1, and the view points number 25, 3, 9, 15, 21, 27, 5, 11, 17, 23, 1, 7, 13, 19 for the 14 sub-pixels in row 1. The numbers of viewpoints corresponding to 14 sub-pixels of the 2 nd row are 28, 6, 12, 18, 24, 2, 8, 14, 20, 26, 4, 10, 16, 22, respectively. For convenience of explanation, the sub-pixel corresponding to the viewpoint with the number a is named as the sub-pixel with the number a, and for example, the sub-pixel corresponding to the viewpoint with the number 25 is the sub-pixel with the number 25.
Step S402, correcting the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel according to the area of the two partial regions into which the divided sub-pixel is divided and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, wherein the divided sub-pixel is a sub-pixel that is not completely covered by the same unit lens.
Specifically, moire fringes need to be eliminated as much as possible when the LCD and the lenticular lens are bonded, so that the arrangement of the lenticular lens and the vertical arrangement direction of the LCD sub-pixels are always at a certain angle, so that some sub-pixels are divided into two parts by the edge of the unit lenticular lens, such sub-pixels are called split sub-pixels, and the edge jaggy occurs in the display effect just because of the split sub-pixels.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after the viewpoint filling is completed, the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel is corrected according to the area of the two partial regions into which the divided sub-pixel is divided and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, for example, the ratio of the area of the two partial regions to the area of the sub-pixel is used as a weight, the pixel value of the divided sub-pixel is corrected by using the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel as a reference, and the final synthesized image can be obtained by correcting all the divided sub-pixels in the initial encoded image.
The pixel values of the divided sub-pixels are corrected, so that when the divided sub-pixels corresponding to the same viewpoint are split to different viewpoints by the two unit cylindrical lenses, the difference between the pixel values of the divided sub-pixels and the pixel values of the adjacent sub-pixels is reduced, edge sawteeth in the display effect are reduced, and the display effect of the stereoscopic display is improved.
As shown in fig. 5, the initial encoded image obtained has sub-pixels numbered 25, 27, 1, 28, 24, and 26 divided into two parts by the unit cylinder edge, and these sub-pixels are all divided sub-pixels.
For example, if the sub-pixel No. 24 is a divided sub-pixel which is divided into two partial regions of m1 and m2 by the right edge of the unit lenticular lens 1 and the left edge of the unit lenticular lens 2, the sub-pixel adjacent to the left side of the sub-pixel No. 24 is the sub-pixel No. 18, and the sub-pixel adjacent to the right side is the sub-pixel No. 2, the pixel value of the sub-pixel No. 24 is corrected based on the areas of m1 and m2, and the pixel values of the sub-pixel No. 18 and the sub-pixel No. 2.
According to the naked eye 3D display three-dimensional image coding method provided by the embodiment of the invention, after the viewpoint filling is carried out on each sub-pixel, the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel is corrected according to the area of the two parts of areas divided by the divided sub-pixel and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, so that the edge sawtooth in the display effect is reduced, the display effect of the stereoscopic display is improved, and the hardware cost can be greatly saved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, further, the correcting the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel according to the area of the two partial regions into which the divided sub-pixel is divided and the pixel values of the sub-pixels adjacent to the divided sub-pixel specifically includes:
if the adjacent sub-pixels are found on the left side and the right side of the target segmentation sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a first correction formula, wherein the first correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr-1+Pr+1×Sr+1
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, Sr-1Dividing the pixel value, S, of the left-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixel for the objectr+1For the target division of the pixel value, P, of the right-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixelr+1The area of the region close to the right adjacent sub-pixel in the two partial regions into which the sub-pixel is divided for the target division accounts for the proportion of the area of the sub-pixel.
In particular, there are a total of four possible cases where the sub-pixels are divided by the edges of the unit lenticules. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a possible situation after sub-pixels are divided by the edge of a lenticular lens according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, where (a) is a situation of a first division, (b) is a situation of a second division, (c) is a situation of a third division, and (d) is a situation of a fourth division.
For the first division case, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a case where the sub-pixels are divided by the edge of the lenticular lens according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, it can be known that when x ∈ (0, 1) in the diagram]，y∈(0,3]When the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,the first case is true. According to the mathematical relationship, x is 3 × tan θ -N + L +1, and y is 3- (N-L-1)/tan θ. Therefore, the area ratio P of the right triangle to the sub-pixel in FIG. 7 can be obtainedr+1Xy/6 × 100%, left-side pentagon (triangle when x is 1 and y is 3) occupies sub-pixel area ratio Pr-1＝1-Pr+1. At this time, the pixel values of the sub-pixels currently divided are updated by a first correction formula as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr-1+Pr+1×Sr+1
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, Sr-1Dividing the pixel value, S, of the left-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixel for the objectr+1For the target division of the pixel value, P, of the right-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixelr+1The area of the region close to the right adjacent sub-pixel in the two partial regions into which the sub-pixel is divided for the target division accounts for the proportion of the area of the sub-pixel.
For example, the viewpoint numbered 24 in fig. 5 is the case one, where x is 0.3333, y is 0.5, and P isr+12.78%, its subpixel value is updated to Sr＝97.22％×Sr-1+2.78％×Sr+1Wherein S isr-1Is the sub-pixel value, S, of the view point numbered 18r+1Is the sub-pixel value of the view numbered 2.
For the second division case, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the second division case where the sub-pixels are divided by the edge of the lenticular lens according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, it can be seen that when x ∈ (0, 1) in the diagram]，y∈(0,3]Then, the second case is true. According to the mathematical relationship, x is N-L, and y is (N-L)/tan θ. Therefore, the area ratio P of the left triangle to the sub-pixel in FIG. 8 can be obtainedr+1Xy/6 × 100%, the ratio P of the area of the sub-pixel occupied by the right pentagon (triangle when x is 1 and y is 3)r-1＝1-Pr+1. At this time, the pixel values of the sub-pixels currently divided are updated by the first correction formula.
For example, the 28 viewpoint in fig. 5 is the case two, where x is 0.5, y is 3, and P isr-1＝25％So its sub-pixel value is updated to Sr＝75％×Sr-1+25％×Sr+1Wherein S isr-1Is the sub-pixel value, S, for the 22 viewsr+1Is the sub-pixel value numbered 6 views.
For the third division case, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the third division case where the sub-pixels are divided by the edge of the lenticular lens according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, it can be seen that when x ∈ (0, 1) in the diagram]And y ∈ (3, + ∞), case three holds. According to the mathematical relationship, x is N-L, and y is (N-L)/tan θ. From this, the ratio of the area of the left quadrangle in FIG. 9 to the area of the sub-pixel is Pr-1(2x-3 × tan θ)/2 × 100%, and the ratio of the area of the right quadrangle to the area of the sub-pixel is Pr+1＝1-Pr-1. At this time, the pixel values of the sub-pixels currently divided are updated by the first correction formula.
For example, fig. 5 is the case three from the viewpoint of 26, where x is 0.8333, y is 4.96, and P isr-158.33%, its subpixel value is updated to Sr＝58.33％×Sr-1+41.67％×Sr+1Wherein S isr-1Is the sub-pixel value, S, for the 20 viewsr+1Is the sub-pixel value numbered 4 views.
For the fourth division case, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the fourth division case where the sub-pixels are divided by the edge of the lenticular lens according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 10, it can be seen that, when y is shown in the diagram1∈(0,3)，y2E (0,3), case four holds. According to a mathematical relationship, y is easily obtained1＝(N-L-1)/tanθ，y2(N-L)/tan θ. As a result, the ratio of the area of the upper quadrangle in the sub-pixel area shown in FIG. 10 is Pr-1(2 XN-2 XL-1)/6 Xtan theta, and the ratio of the area of the lower quadrangle to the area of the sub-pixel is Pr+1＝1-Pr-1. At this time, the pixel values of the sub-pixels currently divided are updated by the first correction formula.
According to the naked eye 3D display three-dimensional image coding method provided by the embodiment of the invention, after the viewpoint filling is carried out on each sub-pixel, the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel is corrected according to the area of the two parts of areas divided by the divided sub-pixel and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, so that the edge sawtooth in the display effect is reduced, the display effect of the stereoscopic display is improved, and the hardware cost can be greatly saved.
Based on any embodiment above, further, the correcting the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel according to the area of the two partial regions into which the divided sub-pixel is divided and the pixel values of the sub-pixels adjacent to the divided sub-pixel further includes:
if it is judged and known that no adjacent sub-pixel exists on the left side of the target segmentation sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a second correction formula, wherein the second correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr+Pr+1×Sr+1
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, SrSegmenting the pixel value of the sub-pixel, S, for the targetr+1For the target division of the pixel value, P, of the right-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixelr+1The area of the region close to the right adjacent sub-pixel in the two partial regions into which the target segmentation sub-pixel is segmented accounts for the proportion of the area of the sub-pixel;
if the right side of the target segmentation sub-pixel is judged and known to have no adjacent sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a third correction formula, wherein the third correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr-1+Pr+1×Sr
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, SrSegmenting the pixel value of the sub-pixel, S, for the targetr-1Dividing the pixel value, P, of the left-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixel for the objectr+1The right region area of the two partial regions into which the target divided sub-pixel is divided accounts for the proportion of the sub-pixel area.
Specifically, there may be a case where the divided sub-pixels are located at the leftmost end of the LCD, and the left side of the divided sub-pixels has no sub-pixels, and then the corrected pixel values of the target divided sub-pixels are calculated according to a second correction formula as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr+Pr+1×Sr+1
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, SrSegmenting the pixel value of the sub-pixel, S, for the targetr+1For the target division of the pixel value, P, of the right-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixelr+1The area of the region close to the right adjacent sub-pixel in the two partial regions into which the sub-pixel is divided for the target division accounts for the proportion of the area of the sub-pixel.
For example, in fig. 5, the subpixel corresponding to the viewpoint of row 1, column 1 and No. 25 has no subpixel on the left side, and the corrected pixel value is calculated according to the second correction formula described above based on the pixel value of the subpixel No. 25 and the pixel value of the subpixel No. 3 adjacent to the right side.
When the divided sub-pixel is at the rightmost end of the LCD, and there is no sub-pixel on the right side thereof, the corrected pixel value of the target divided sub-pixel is calculated according to a third correction formula as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr-1+Pr+1×Sr
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, SrSegmenting the pixel value of the sub-pixel, S, for the targetr-1Dividing the pixel value, P, of the left-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixel for the objectr+1The right region area of the two partial regions into which the target divided sub-pixel is divided accounts for the proportion of the sub-pixel area.
For example, in fig. 5, the sub-pixel corresponding to the viewpoint with the number of 25 in the 1 st row and the 15 th column has no sub-pixel on the right side, and the corrected pixel value is calculated according to the third correction formula described above based on the pixel value of the sub-pixel No. 25 and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel No. 19 on the left side.
In addition, the inclination angle of the grating given in fig. 5 is a positive direction, and when the inclination angle of the grating changes to a negative direction, the algorithm principle of obtaining the composite image is the same as that of the above embodiments, and details are not described here.
According to the naked eye 3D display three-dimensional image coding method provided by the embodiment of the invention, after the viewpoint filling is carried out on each sub-pixel, the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel is corrected according to the area of the two parts of areas divided by the divided sub-pixel and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, so that the edge sawtooth in the display effect is reduced, the display effect of the stereoscopic display is improved, and the hardware cost can be greatly saved.
Based on any of the above embodiments, further, the performing viewpoint filling on each sub-pixel according to a distance from a pixel center point of each sub-pixel to an optical axis of a unit lenticular lens covering the sub-pixel specifically includes:
determining the corresponding relation between the sub-pixels and the viewpoints according to the size relation of the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylindrical lens covering the sub-pixel;
each sub-pixel is filled with information of the viewpoint corresponding thereto.
Specifically, the viewpoint filling for each sub-pixel is specifically as follows: firstly, obtaining the corresponding relation between a pixel and a viewpoint according to the distance between each sub-pixel and the optical axis of the grating, then filling the information of one corresponding viewpoint into each sub-pixel, and finally traversing all pixels to obtain a coded image. The distance from each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the grating is equal to the distance from the vertex at the upper left corner of the sub-pixel to the left edge covering the cylindrical lens, and is marked as L.
It should be noted that: the distance may be a vertical distance or a non-vertical distance calculated using the same criteria.
For example, the distance from the sub-pixel corresponding to the viewpoint numbered 8 in fig. 5 to the optical axis of the unit lenticular 2 is equivalent to the distance from the top left corner vertex a of the sub-pixel to the left edge of the unit lenticular 2.
According to the naked eye 3D display three-dimensional image coding method provided by the embodiment of the invention, after the viewpoint filling is carried out on each sub-pixel, the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel is corrected according to the area of the two parts of areas divided by the divided sub-pixel and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, so that the edge sawtooth in the display effect is reduced, the display effect of the stereoscopic display is improved, and the hardware cost can be greatly saved.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a naked eye 3D display three-dimensional image coding device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 11, an embodiment of the present invention provides a naked eye 3D display three-dimensional image coding device for performing the method described in any of the foregoing embodiments, which specifically includes a viewpoint filling module 1101 and a correction module 1102, where:
the viewpoint filling module 1101 is configured to perform viewpoint filling on each sub-pixel according to a distance from a pixel center point of each sub-pixel to an optical axis of a unit lenticular lens covering the sub-pixel; the correction module 1102 is configured to correct a pixel value of each divided sub-pixel according to an area of two partial regions into which the divided sub-pixel is divided and a pixel value of an adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, where the divided sub-pixel is a sub-pixel that is not completely covered by the same unit lens.
Based on any of the above embodiments, further, the correction module is specifically configured to:
if the adjacent sub-pixels are found on the left side and the right side of the target segmentation sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a first correction formula, wherein the first correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr-1+Pr+1×Sr+1
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, Sr-1Dividing the pixel value, S, of the left-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixel for the objectr+1For the target division of the pixel value, P, of the right-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixelr+1The area of the region close to the right adjacent sub-pixel in the two partial regions into which the sub-pixel is divided for the target division accounts for the proportion of the area of the sub-pixel.
Based on any embodiment above, further, the correction module is further configured to:
if it is judged and known that no adjacent sub-pixel exists on the left side of the target segmentation sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a second correction formula, wherein the second correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr+Pr+1×Sr+1
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, SrSegmenting the pixel value of the sub-pixel, S, for the targetr+1For the target division of the pixel value, P, of the right-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixelr+1The area of the region close to the right adjacent sub-pixel in the two partial regions into which the target segmentation sub-pixel is segmented accounts for the proportion of the area of the sub-pixel;
if the right side of the target segmentation sub-pixel is judged and known to have no adjacent sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a third correction formula, wherein the third correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr-1+Pr+1×Sr
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, SrSegmenting the pixel value of the sub-pixel, S, for the targetr-1Dividing the pixel value, P, of the left-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixel for the objectr+1The right region area of the two partial regions into which the target divided sub-pixel is divided accounts for the proportion of the sub-pixel area.
Based on any one of the above embodiments, further, the filling module is specifically configured to:
determining the corresponding relation between the sub-pixels and the viewpoints according to the size relation of the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylindrical lens covering the sub-pixel;
each sub-pixel is filled with information of the viewpoint corresponding thereto.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a naked-eye 3D display three-dimensional image encoding device, configured to execute the method described in any one of the above embodiments, where specific steps of executing the method described in one of the above embodiments by using the device provided in this embodiment are the same as those in the corresponding embodiment described above, and are not described here again.
According to the naked-eye 3D display three-dimensional image coding device provided by the embodiment of the invention, after the viewpoint filling is carried out on each sub-pixel, the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel is corrected according to the area of the two parts of areas divided by the divided sub-pixel and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, so that the edge sawtooth in the display effect is reduced, the display effect of the stereoscopic display is improved, and the hardware cost can be greatly saved.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 12, the electronic device includes: a processor (processor)1201, a memory (memory)1202, a bus 1203, and computer programs stored on the memory and executable on the processor.
Wherein, the processor 1201 and the memory 1202 complete the communication with each other through the bus 1203;
the processor 1201 is configured to call and execute the computer program in the memory 1202 to perform the steps in the above method embodiments, including:
filling a viewpoint of each sub-pixel according to the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylindrical lens covering the sub-pixel;
and correcting the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel according to the area of the two partial areas divided by the divided sub-pixel and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, wherein the divided sub-pixel is a sub-pixel which is not completely covered by the same unit lens.
In addition, the logic instructions in the memory may be implemented in the form of software functional units and may be stored in a computer readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions which, when executed by a computer, enable the computer to perform the steps of the above-described method embodiments, for example, including:
filling a viewpoint of each sub-pixel according to the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylindrical lens covering the sub-pixel;
and correcting the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel according to the area of the two partial areas divided by the divided sub-pixel and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, wherein the divided sub-pixel is a sub-pixel which is not completely covered by the same unit lens.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps in the above method embodiments, for example, including:
filling a viewpoint of each sub-pixel according to the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylindrical lens covering the sub-pixel;
and correcting the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel according to the area of the two partial areas divided by the divided sub-pixel and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, wherein the divided sub-pixel is a sub-pixel which is not completely covered by the same unit lens.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatuses and devices are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A three-dimensional image coding method for naked eye 3D display is characterized by comprising the following steps:
filling a viewpoint of each sub-pixel according to the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylindrical lens covering the sub-pixel;
correcting the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel according to the area of two partial areas divided by the divided sub-pixel and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, wherein the divided sub-pixel is a sub-pixel which is not completely covered by the same unit lens;
the correcting the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel according to the area of the two partial regions into which the divided sub-pixel is divided and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel specifically includes:
if the adjacent sub-pixels are found on the left side and the right side of the target segmentation sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a first correction formula, wherein the first correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr-1+Pr+1×Sr+1
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, Sr-1Dividing the pixel value, S, of the left-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixel for the objectr+1For the target division of the pixel value, P, of the right-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixelr+1The area of the region close to the right adjacent sub-pixel in the two partial regions into which the sub-pixel is divided for the target division accounts for the proportion of the area of the sub-pixel.
2. The method for encoding three-dimensional images for naked-eye 3D display according to claim 1, wherein the correction of the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel is performed according to the area of the two regions into which the divided sub-pixel is divided and the pixel values of the sub-pixels adjacent to the divided sub-pixel, further comprising:
if it is judged and known that no adjacent sub-pixel exists on the left side of the target segmentation sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a second correction formula, wherein the second correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr+Pr+1×Sr+1
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, SrSegmenting sub-images for a targetPixel value of pixel, Sr+1For the target division of the pixel value, P, of the right-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixelr+1The area of the region close to the right adjacent sub-pixel in the two partial regions into which the target segmentation sub-pixel is segmented accounts for the proportion of the area of the sub-pixel;
if the right side of the target segmentation sub-pixel is judged and known to have no adjacent sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a third correction formula, wherein the third correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr-1+Pr+1×Sr
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, SrSegmenting the pixel value of the sub-pixel, S, for the targetr-1Dividing the pixel value, P, of the left-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixel for the objectr+1The right region area of the two partial regions into which the target divided sub-pixel is divided accounts for the proportion of the sub-pixel area.
3. The method for encoding three-dimensional images for naked eye 3D display according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filling of the viewpoint of each sub-pixel according to the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylinder covering the sub-pixel specifically comprises:
determining the corresponding relation between the sub-pixels and the viewpoints according to the size relation of the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylindrical lens covering the sub-pixel;
each sub-pixel is filled with information of the viewpoint corresponding thereto.
4. A three-dimensional image encoding device for naked eye 3D display, comprising:
the viewpoint filling module is used for filling the viewpoint of each sub-pixel according to the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylindrical lens covering the sub-pixel;
the correction module is used for correcting the pixel value of each divided sub-pixel according to the area of two partial areas divided by the divided sub-pixel and the pixel value of the adjacent sub-pixel of the divided sub-pixel, wherein the divided sub-pixel is a sub-pixel which is not completely covered by the same unit lens;
the correction module is specifically configured to:
if the adjacent sub-pixels are found on the left side and the right side of the target segmentation sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a first correction formula, wherein the first correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr-1+Pr+1×Sr+1
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, Sr-1Dividing the pixel value, S, of the left-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixel for the objectr+1For the target division of the pixel value, P, of the right-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixelr+1The area of the region close to the right adjacent sub-pixel in the two partial regions into which the sub-pixel is divided for the target division accounts for the proportion of the area of the sub-pixel.
5. The apparatus for encoding three-dimensional images for naked eye 3D display according to claim 4, wherein the correction module is further configured to:
if it is judged and known that no adjacent sub-pixel exists on the left side of the target segmentation sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a second correction formula, wherein the second correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr+Pr+1×Sr+1
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, SrSegmenting the pixel value of the sub-pixel, S, for the targetr+1For the target division of the pixel value, P, of the right-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixelr+1The area of the region close to the right adjacent sub-pixel in the two partial regions into which the target segmentation sub-pixel is segmented accounts for the proportion of the area of the sub-pixel;
if the right side of the target segmentation sub-pixel is judged and known to have no adjacent sub-pixel, calculating the corrected pixel value of the target segmentation sub-pixel according to a third correction formula, wherein the third correction formula is as follows:
S′r＝(1-Pr+1)×Sr-1+Pr+1×Sr
wherein, S'rDividing the corrected pixel value of the sub-pixel for the target, SrSegmenting the pixel value of the sub-pixel, S, for the targetr-1Dividing the pixel value, P, of the left-hand neighboring sub-pixel of the sub-pixel for the objectr+1The right region area of the two partial regions into which the target divided sub-pixel is divided accounts for the proportion of the sub-pixel area.
6. The apparatus for encoding three-dimensional images for naked-eye 3D display according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the filling module is specifically configured to:
determining the corresponding relation between the sub-pixels and the viewpoints according to the size relation of the distance from the pixel center point of each sub-pixel to the optical axis of the unit cylindrical lens covering the sub-pixel;
each sub-pixel is filled with information of the viewpoint corresponding thereto.
7. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method for encoding a three-dimensional image for 3D display by naked eyes according to any one of claims 1 to 3 when executing the computer program.
8. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for encoding a three-dimensional image for 3D display by naked eyes according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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