CN110350166A - A method of improving tertiary cathode material stability and processability - Google Patents
A method of improving tertiary cathode material stability and processability Download PDFInfo
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- CN110350166A CN110350166A CN201910552195.3A CN201910552195A CN110350166A CN 110350166 A CN110350166 A CN 110350166A CN 201910552195 A CN201910552195 A CN 201910552195A CN 110350166 A CN110350166 A CN 110350166A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/628—Inhibitors, e.g. gassing inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method of modifying for improving ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery storage stability and processability, the present invention is and to provide a kind of tertiary cathode material surface modifying method to solve the problems such as ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery storage request in the prior art is high, poor in processability and circulating battery stability are bad.It is reacted using supercritical carbon dioxide with the metal hydroxides on tertiary cathode material surface, generates the metal carbonate clad of one layer of even compact in tertiary cathode material surface in situ.The clad is not only tightly combined with tertiary cathode material matrix, tertiary cathode material can be effectively suppressed to react with humid air, the requirement to storage and use environment is reduced, improves its subsequent electrode machining performance, while this original position is constructed clad and tertiary cathode material can be isolated with electrolyte, reduce the generation of electrode surface side reaction, enhance electrode material structural stability, improves cycle performance of battery, furthermore, the surface modifying method is easy to operate, low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of modifying for improving tertiary cathode material storage stability and processability, belong to lithium ion
Cell positive material technical field.
Background technique
In recent years, booming lithium ion battery market expands to automobile industry from consumption electronic product rapidly.With
Electric automobile during traveling mileage is continuously improved, and the research of novel high-energy metric density positive electrode becomes the focus of people's extensive concern.
Tertiary cathode material (the LiNi of Ni-based layered oxide structure1-xMxO2, M=Co, Mn, Al) and have high capacity density and price low
The advantages that honest and clean, is most hopeful meet the needs of people are to high-energy density.However, nickelic positive electrode is easy to become in air
Matter, especially wet air, because the moisture in air, which is easily reacted with the lithium of material surface, generates non-uniform lithium hydroxide,
And lithium hydroxide further generates non-uniform lithium carbonate with the carbon dioxide reaction in air, so that material surface be caused to become
Matter causes internal distributions of metallic elements unevenly to cause escaping for transition metal element, and it is tired to cause subsequent anode sizing agent preparation
A series of problems, such as difficult, positive electrode capacity decaying and cyclical stability are deteriorated.Therefore, unmodified tertiary cathode material is to storage rings
Border and processing environment it is more demanding, and tertiary cathode material be easy in charge and discharge process it is a series of with electrolyte generation
Acidic materials corroding electrode under side reaction, such as the high voltage of latter stage of charging after the decomposition of electrolyte, electrolyte decomposition, electrode
The dissolution etc. of active material.Researcher generallys use surface coated mode to solve the above problems, to improve following for material
Ring stability.
Material for cladding mainly has two major classes: 1, stable lithium salts substance such as Li3PO4、LiFePO4、LiAlO2
Deng；2, such as SiO of the substance without lithium ion2、Al2O3、ZrO2Deng.Tertiary cathode material surface coating modification method is led at present
There are solid phase and liquid phase coating to be sintered two kinds.It is weaker in conjunction with matrix that clad is obtained obtained by two kinds of method for coating, and thickness
It is inhomogenous.In cyclic process, since the insertion and abjection of lithium ion cause stress caused by volume change, it can to coat
Layer rupture, active material exposure in the electrolytic solution, and then cause the deterioration of material, and cyclical stability is deteriorated.In view of the above-mentioned problems,
The present invention provides a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide surface modifying treatment, and Quick uniform seeps carbon dioxide in the supercritical state
Enter between subgrain, one layer of uniformly fine and close metal is generated after reacting with the metal hydroxides on tertiary cathode material surface
Carbonate, and it is tightly combined with tertiary cathode material matrix can not only efficiently separate the direct of active material and electrolyte
Contact, prevents side reaction, improves the structural stability of active material, while can also greatly improve tertiary cathode material to tide
The chemical stability of wet environment facilitates the storage and post-production that improve tertiary cathode material.This method is relative to biography
Method for coating of uniting has simple to operate, rapidly and efficiently, low in cost, the advantages such as nothing " three wastes ", and great large-scale production is latent
Power.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be in order to solve above-mentioned deficiency in the prior art, and provide it is a kind of rapidly and efficiently, low in cost, nothing
The method of modifying of raising the ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery storage stability and processability of advantages such as " three wastes ".
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of method of modifying improving ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery storage stability and processability, the method packet
Include following steps:
S1, first ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery is put into reaction kettle, then led to thereto after reaction kettle is vacuumized
Enter carbon dioxide gas；
S2, by the final vacuum for a period of time of reaction kettle insulation reaction to get modified tertiary cathode material.
Preferably, the chemical formula of the tertiary cathode material is LiNi(1-x-y)CoxMyO2, x+y≤0.7, M be Mn or
Al。
It is furthermore preferred that the chemical formula of the tertiary cathode material is LiNi0.83Co0.085Mn0.085O2、
LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2、LiNi0.80Co0.10Mn0.10O2Or Li Ni0.6Co0.2Al0.2O2。
Preferably, the pressure limit for the carbon dioxide gas being passed through in step S1 is 7.1MPa~10MPa.
Preferably, the temperature of insulation reaction is 35~80 DEG C in step S2, the time is 0.1~48h.
It is furthermore preferred that the temperature of insulation reaction is 35~45 DEG C in step S2, the time is 8~15h.
The invention also discloses a kind of lithium ion battery, which includes the modification ternary of method preparation of the present invention
Positive electrode.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention is fine and close at one layer of tertiary cathode material surface construction using supercritical carbon dioxide surface modification treatment
Metal carbonate clad, and the clad is combined closely with tertiary cathode material matrix；This surface cladding processing method can
Tertiary cathode material is isolated with wet environment, avoids it from reacting with steam and generates lithium hydroxide or metal hydroxides, destroy
Its surface and interface structure, improves its storge quality and properties for follow, to greatly improve its cycle performance, improves and uses the longevity
Life；This method simple process, it is easy to operate, it rapidly and efficiently, is generated without " three wastes ", carbon dioxide and recycling, economic benefit
Significantly.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the SEM spectrum of modification tertiary cathode material prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the battery of the preparation of the embodiment of the present invention 1 in 20mA g-1Current density under preceding charging and discharging curve three times
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the battery of the preparation of the embodiment of the present invention 1 in 20mA g-1Current density under activation three circulation, then exist
100mA g-1110 charge and discharge cycles curve graphs are recycled under current density.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, in conjunction with attached drawing, explanation, but guarantor of the invention are further described to technical solution of the present invention
It is without being limited thereto to protect range.
Embodiment 1:
Step 1: the tertiary cathode material that preparation surface is modified
S1, first by 10g LiNi0.83Co0.085Mn0.085O2It is put into reaction kettle, then leads to thereto after reaction kettle is vacuumized
Enter the carbon dioxide gas that pressure is 8MPa；
S2, by the reaction kettle equipped with ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery and carbon dioxide at 35 DEG C insulation reaction 10h
Final vacuum is to get modified tertiary cathode material.
Step 2: the preparation of lithium ion battery
S3, the tertiary cathode material, conductive agent (acetylene black) and bonding for weighing step S2 acquisition for 90:5:5 in mass ratio
Agent (Kynoar) is uniformly mixed, adds suitable -2 pyrrolidones of 1- methyl (NMP) and make solvent, mechanical stirring 3h is obtained
To the slurry with certain viscosity；
S4, the step S3 slurry obtained is coated uniformly on clean smooth aluminium foil, after dry in empty baking oven, is washed into
Pole piece, then be compacted；
S5, anode cover, anode pole piece, diaphragm, electrolyte, lithium piece, nickel foam, electrolyte, negative electrode casing are pressed in glove box
Sequence be assembled into CR2025 type button cell, wherein the model Celgard 2300 of diaphragm, electrolyte are 1mol L- 1LiPF6/ EC+DEC (volume ratio 1:1)；
Chemical property is tested after shelving 12h；
Step 3: battery performance test
S6, certain current density is used to carry out charge-discharge test (3 times with current density for 20mAg to battery-1Electricity
Active cell is flowed, is then 100mA g with current density-1Electric current carry out charge and discharge cycles), voltage range be 3~4.2V, fill
The time interval of electric discharge is 5min.
Attached drawing 1 is the LiNi of the present embodiment0.83Co0.085Mn0.085O2Tertiary cathode material treated SEM spectrum, map
Material surface is uniform after being shown in CO 2 supercritical processing, and pattern has not been changed；
Attached drawing 2 is battery manufactured in the present embodiment in 20mA g-1Current density under, voltage range be 3~4.2V before
Charging and discharging curve figure three times, discharge capacity is 190mA h g for the first time-1；
Attached drawing 3 is battery manufactured in the present embodiment first in 20mA g-1Current density under activate 3 times, then in 100mA
g-1Current density under cycle performance figure, 110 times circulation after, discharge capacity still has 157mA h g-1, capacity retention ratio is
93.2% (opposite the 4th charge and discharge).
Embodiment 2:
Step 1: the tertiary cathode material that preparation surface is modified
S1, first by 8g LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2It is put into reaction kettle, then is passed through thereto after reaction kettle is vacuumized
Pressure is the carbon dioxide gas of 8.5MPa；
S2, by the reaction kettle equipped with ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery and carbon dioxide at 38 DEG C insulation reaction 12h
Final vacuum is to get modified tertiary cathode material.
Step 2: the preparation of lithium ion battery
S3, the tertiary cathode material, conductive agent (acetylene black) and bonding for weighing step S2 acquisition for 90:5:5 in mass ratio
Agent (Kynoar) is uniformly mixed, adds suitable -2 pyrrolidones of 1- methyl (NMP) and make solvent, mechanical stirring 3h is obtained
To the slurry with certain viscosity；
S4, the step S3 slurry obtained is coated uniformly on clean smooth aluminium foil, after dry in empty baking oven, is washed into
Pole piece, then be compacted；
S5, anode cover, anode pole piece, diaphragm, electrolyte, lithium piece, nickel foam, electrolyte, negative electrode casing are pressed in glove box
Sequence be assembled into CR2025 type button cell, wherein the model Celgard 2300 of diaphragm, electrolyte are 1mol L- 1LiPF6/ EC+DEC (volume ratio 1:1)；
Chemical property is tested after shelving 12h；
Step 3: battery performance test
The button cell that S6, the material assemble is in 3~4.2V voltage range, first in 20mA g-1Current density under fill
It discharges 3 times, for the first time discharge capacity 207mA h g-1, then in 100mA g-1After recycling 110 times under current density, discharge capacity is still
There is 163mA h g-1, capacity retention ratio is 96% (opposite the 4th charge and discharge).
Embodiment 3:
Step 1: the tertiary cathode material that preparation surface is modified
S1, first by 12g LiNi0.80Co0.10Mn0.10O2It is put into reaction kettle, then leads to thereto after reaction kettle is vacuumized
Enter the carbon dioxide gas that pressure is 7.8MPa；
S2, ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery and carbon dioxide reaction kettle the insulation reaction 6h heel row at 43 DEG C will be housed
Gas is to get modified tertiary cathode material.
Step 2: the preparation of lithium ion battery
S3, the tertiary cathode material, conductive agent (acetylene black) and bonding for weighing step S2 acquisition for 90:5:5 in mass ratio
Agent (Kynoar) is uniformly mixed, adds suitable -2 pyrrolidones of 1- methyl (NMP) and make solvent, mechanical stirring 3h is obtained
To the slurry with certain viscosity；
S4, the step S3 slurry obtained is coated uniformly on clean smooth aluminium foil, after dry in empty baking oven, is washed into
Pole piece, then be compacted；
S5, anode cover, anode pole piece, diaphragm, electrolyte, lithium piece, nickel foam, electrolyte, negative electrode casing are pressed in glove box
Sequence be assembled into CR2025 type button cell, wherein the model Celgard 2300 of diaphragm, electrolyte are 1mol L- 1LiPF6/ EC+DEC (volume ratio 1:1)；
Chemical property is tested after shelving 12h；
Step 3: battery performance test
The button cell that S6, the material assemble is in 3~4.2V voltage range, first in 20mA g-1Current density under fill
It discharges 3 times, for the first time discharge capacity 208mA h g-1, then in 100mA g-1After recycling 110 times under current density, discharge capacity is still
There is 166mA h g-1, capacity retention ratio is 95% (opposite the 4th charge and discharge).
Embodiment 4:
Step 1: the tertiary cathode material that preparation surface is modified
S1, first by 12g Li Ni0.6Co0.2Al0.2O2It is put into reaction kettle, then is passed through thereto after reaction kettle is vacuumized
Pressure is the carbon dioxide gas of 7.5MPa；
S2, ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery and carbon dioxide reaction kettle the insulation reaction 8h heel row at 40 DEG C will be housed
Gas is to get modified tertiary cathode material.
Step 2: the preparation of lithium ion battery
S3, the tertiary cathode material, conductive agent (acetylene black) and bonding for weighing step S2 acquisition for 90:5:5 in mass ratio
Agent (Kynoar) is uniformly mixed, adds suitable -2 pyrrolidones of 1- methyl (NMP) and make solvent, mechanical stirring 3h is obtained
To the slurry with certain viscosity；
S4, the step S3 slurry obtained is coated uniformly on clean smooth aluminium foil, after dry in empty baking oven, is washed into
Pole piece, then be compacted；
S5, anode cover, anode pole piece, diaphragm, electrolyte, lithium piece, nickel foam, electrolyte, negative electrode casing are pressed in glove box
Sequence be assembled into CR2025 type button cell, wherein the model Celgard 2300 of diaphragm, electrolyte are 1mol L- 1LiPF6/ EC+DEC (volume ratio 1:1)；
Chemical property is tested after shelving 12h；
Step 3: battery performance test
The button cell that S6, the material assemble is in 3~4.2V voltage range, first in 20mA g-1Current density under fill
It discharges 3 times, for the first time discharge capacity 197mA h g-1, then in 100mA g-1After recycling 110 times under current density, discharge capacity is still
There is 156mA h g-1, capacity retention ratio is 93% (opposite the 4th charge and discharge).
In conclusion the modification tertiary cathode material that the present processes obtain is remarkably improved for lithium ion battery
The cyclical stability of lithium ion battery, and method of modifying is simple, it is easy to operate, it rapidly and efficiently, is generated without " three wastes ", economy effect
It is beneficial significant.
Embodiment described above is preferred version of the invention, is not intended to limit the present invention in any form,
There are also other variants and remodeling on the premise of not exceeding the technical scheme recorded in the claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for improving tertiary cathode material stability and processability, which is characterized in that the method includes walking as follows
It is rapid:
S1, first ternary cathode material of lithium ion battery is put into reaction kettle, then is passed through two thereto after reaction kettle is vacuumized
Carbon oxide gas；
S2, by the final vacuum for a period of time of reaction kettle insulation reaction to get modified tertiary cathode material.
2. the method for modifying according to claim 1 for improving tertiary cathode material storage stability and processability, feature
It is, the chemical formula of the tertiary cathode material is LiNi(1-x-y)CoxMyO2, x+y≤0.7, M are Mn or Al.
3. the method for modifying according to claim 1 for improving tertiary cathode material storage stability and processability, feature
It is, the chemical formula of the tertiary cathode material is LiNi0.83Co0.085Mn0.085O2、LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2、
LiNi0.80Co0.10Mn0.10O2Or Li Ni0.6Co0.2Al0.2O2。
4. the method for modifying according to claim 1 for improving tertiary cathode material storage stability and processability, feature
It is, the pressure limit for the carbon dioxide gas being passed through in step S1 is 7.1MPa~10MPa.
5. the method for modifying according to claim 1 for improving tertiary cathode material storage stability and processability, feature
It is, the temperature of insulation reaction is 35~80 DEG C in step S2, and the time is 0.1~48h.
6. the method for modifying according to claim 5 for improving tertiary cathode material storage stability and processability, feature
It is, the temperature of insulation reaction is 35~45 DEG C in step S2, and the time is 8~15h.
7. a kind of lithium ion battery, which is characterized in that the lithium ion battery includes described in claim 1~6 any one
The modification tertiary cathode material of method preparation.
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| CN201910552195.3A CN110350166A (en) | 2019-06-25 | 2019-06-25 | A method of improving tertiary cathode material stability and processability |
| PCT/CN2020/097428 WO2020259436A1 (en) | 2019-06-25 | 2020-06-22 | Method for improving stability and processability of ternary positive electrode material |
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| WO2020147671A1 (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2020-07-23 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for modifying surface of high nickel ternary positive electrode material |
| CN111900364A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-06 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Coated ternary cathode material and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2020259436A1 (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2020-12-30 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for improving stability and processability of ternary positive electrode material |
| CN115275208A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-11-01 | 宇恒电池股份有限公司 | High-specific-energy aqueous lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN116914123A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-10-20 | 浙江华宇钠电新能源科技有限公司 | High-stability layered positive electrode material of battery for vehicle and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111900364A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-06 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | Coated ternary cathode material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115275208A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-11-01 | 宇恒电池股份有限公司 | High-specific-energy aqueous lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN116914123A (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-10-20 | 浙江华宇钠电新能源科技有限公司 | High-stability layered positive electrode material of battery for vehicle and preparation method thereof |
| CN116914123B (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2023-12-15 | 浙江华宇钠电新能源科技有限公司 | High-stability layered positive electrode material of battery for vehicle and preparation method thereof |
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| WO2020259436A1 (en) | 2020-12-30 |
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Application publication date: 20191018 |