CN110349684A - Reactive control device - Google Patents
Reactive control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110349684A CN110349684A CN201910635563.0A CN201910635563A CN110349684A CN 110349684 A CN110349684 A CN 110349684A CN 201910635563 A CN201910635563 A CN 201910635563A CN 110349684 A CN110349684 A CN 110349684A
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- graphite
- movable block
- reactor
- interconnecting piece
- reactor core
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C7/00—Control of nuclear reaction
- G21C7/06—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section
- G21C7/08—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section by displacement of solid control elements, e.g. control rods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C7/00—Control of nuclear reaction
- G21C7/06—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section
- G21C7/08—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section by displacement of solid control elements, e.g. control rods
- G21C7/12—Means for moving control elements to desired position
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of reactive control devices, including graphite movable block, graphite fixed block, interconnecting piece, calutron and driving portion, wherein, graphite movable block can be mobile relative to graphite fixed block, interconnecting piece is able to drive graphite movable block and moves along the direction close to or far from reactor core bottom, driving portion and interconnecting piece can be connected by calutron, to making when normal reactor operation, driving portion drives graphite movable block to move to the bottom of reactor core with rotation connection；When emergency work condition occurs, graphite movable block falls rapidly under Gravitative Loads and leaves reactor core bottom.The reactivity control device controls reactivity using the graphite movable block location status different with graphite fixed block, and reveals principle according to neutron, is conducive to the speed for further increasing reactor emergency shut-down；The reactivity control device has many advantages, such as that structure is simple, security control coefficient is high, highly reliable, control precision is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear reactor control field more particularly to a kind of reactive control devices.
Background technique
Zero-energy reactor is the device of the controllable chain type nuclear reaction run under lower power levels, to carry out reactor
One of important experimental provision of physical study.Zero-energy reactor is low with operation power, structure is simple, active region flexible
The features such as, it is used to carry out following work: physical analogy is carried out to specific reactor, to improve heap design；Systematically study
Various lattice characteristics；The absorption cross-section of material is measured, heap material is examined；Material of the research containing fissile material reaches critical state
Condition, provide technical data for nuclear fuel industry；Training reactor Physical Experiment personnel and stack operation personnel etc..
Accelerator Driven Subcritical reactor system (ADS) is that the bevatron with Spallation target faces with secondary
The new nuclear power system of boundary's reactor coupling integration.If the core structure of ADS Lead coolant critical pile is for realizing proton beam
Stream bombardment heavy metal spallation target, causes spallation reaction, provides outer source neutron for sub-critical reactor with the nuclear reaction in drive response heap,
To realize the functions such as nuke rubbish transmuting.
Reactive control device is the core of relationship reactor operation safety, is commonly used in the reactive control of control
Device processed is mostly to have rodlike or cluster shape structure, and be set to the upper area of reactor core.Heap, function are opened in reactor
During rate conversion and shutdown, promotion, insertion and holding by controlling control rod are moved, to control the reaction of reactor
Property, guarantee that reactor always works in slave mode.Especially in the case where emergency work condition occurs, control bar system is generally utilized
Free gravity falls to reactor core to make reactor shutdown, guarantees the safety of reactor.It is base that the control rod, which controls reactivity,
It is realized in neutron absorption.
However, further increasing safety margin in order to ensure the operational safety of reactor, and ensure that reactor is occurring
It can be realized emergency safety shutdown when emergency work condition, only realize shutdown low, emergency shut-down with safety coefficient by control bar system
The disadvantages of speed is slow, thus, it is necessary to increase additional reactive control device and carries out auxiliary security shutdown.
Summary of the invention
At least one of in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem aspect, the purpose of embodiments of the invention is to provide a kind of anti-
Answering property control device, on the basis of control bar system is arranged in reactor, which can occur in reactor
Reactor fast and safely shutdown is realized under emergency work condition, to increase the operating safety factor of reactor.
The embodiment provides a kind of reactive control devices, comprising: graphite movable block, the graphite movable block
It is arranged to, when reactor operation, moves to the bottom of reactor core；When the reactor shutdown, reaction is left
The bottom of heap reactor core；Graphite fixed block, the graphite fixed block surround the graphite movable block, and the graphite movable block is arranged to
It can be mobile relative to the graphite fixed block；Interconnecting piece, the interconnecting piece are arranged to drive the graphite movable block along close
Or the direction far from the reactor core bottom moves；Calutron, the calutron includes first and second, in electromagnetic installing
It is attractive between described first and second when setting energization；Driving portion, first setting of the calutron
In the driving portion, the driving portion is arranged to drive first movement；Wherein, described second of the calutron
Setting in the interconnecting piece, described first with it is second described between have the function of electromagnetic force, when driving portion driving
When first movement, described first drives second movement, and described second drives the interconnecting piece movement, from
And the interconnecting piece drives the graphite movable block movement；Wherein, it when reactor accident power-off or needs emergency cut-off and breaks
When electric, the calutron power-off, the graphite movable block is moved along the direction far from the reactor core bottom.
According to an embodiment of the invention, reactive control device further includes container, the container is arranged to when the graphite
When movable block is moved along the direction far from the reactor core bottom, fall into the container.
According to an embodiment of the invention, container includes buffer stopper and spring, one end of the spring is connected to the buffering
Block, the other end are connected to the bottom of the container；The buffer stopper and spring be arranged to when the graphite movable block fall into it is described
When container contacts the buffer stopper, the buffer stopper and spring are compressed.
According to an embodiment of the invention, driving portion includes driving assembly and motor, the motor is arranged to, when reactor is transported
When row, the motor is rotated forward, and driving the driving component is moved towards the direction close to reactor core bottom；Work as reaction
When heap shutdown, the motor is rotated backward, and driving the driving component is directed away from the direction movement of reactor core bottom.
According to an embodiment of the invention, driving assembly includes the first plate portion, the second plate portion, pedestal, guide post and lead screw, institute
Pedestal is stated to be set between first plate portion and the second plate portion；The guide post is arranged to its top and bottom end respectively with first
Plate portion, the second plate portion are fixedly connected and the guide post passes through the pedestal；The lead screw drives the pedestal to lead described in
It is moved between first plate portion and the second plate portion to column；Described first of the calutron is set to the pedestal.
According to an embodiment of the invention, reactive control device further includes support component, the support component include top plate,
Bottom plate and support column, the top plate are fixedly connected with second plate portion；The bottom plate is fixedly connected with the ground；The support
Column is supported between the top plate and the bottom plate.According to an embodiment of the invention, interconnecting piece is slidably disposed through described first
Plate portion and the pedestal；Second of the calutron is set to the interconnecting piece bottom.
According to an embodiment of the invention, graphite movable block is set with the interconnecting piece connection relative to the screw centring
It sets.
According to an embodiment of the invention, when the graphite movable block moves to the bottom of reactor core, with the stone
Bottom reflecting layer of the black fixed block collectively as the reactor core；When the graphite movable block leaves the reactor core
When bottom, the middle position of the graphite fixed block forms cavity structure.
The embodiments of the present invention also provide a kind of zero-energy reactor, which includes above-mentioned reactivity
Control device.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that at least one of:
(1) the reactive control device of the invention position control reactor core different with graphite fixed block using graphite movable block
Reactivity, be conducive to the speed for further increasing reactor emergency shut-down；The reactivity control device is simple with structure, pacifies
The advantages that full control coefrficient is high, highly reliable, control precision is high；
(2) reactive control device of the invention can be used for controlling zero-energy reactor, help to carry out multinomial zero energy
Physical Experiment, thus for research reactor characteristic such as shutdown dynamic characteristic under different subcriticalities, positive negative reactivity introduce
Dynamic behaviour characteristic etc. provides experimental data or accumulates experience.
Detailed description of the invention
By the description made for the present invention of below with reference to attached drawing, other objects and advantages of the present invention will be aobvious and easy
See, and can help that complete understanding of the invention will be obtained.
Fig. 1 is the integrally-built perspective cross section schematic diagram according to the reactive control device of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the integrally-built main view according to the reactive control device of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram according to the calutron of the reactive control device of the embodiment of the present invention.
It should be noted that attached drawing is not necessarily to scale to draw, but only not influence the schematic of reader's understanding
Mode is shown.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the attached drawing of the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is an implementation of the invention
Example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on described the embodiment of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are without creating
Property labour under the premise of every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise defined, the technical term or scientific term that the present invention uses should be tool in fields of the present invention
The ordinary meaning for thering is the personage of general technical ability to be understood.
Reactive control device is the core of relationship reactor operation safety, is commonly used in nuclear reactor safety control
The measure of system is the upper area setting control rod drive mechanism in reactor core.Control rod drive mechanism is reactor control
A kind of servo mechanism of system and safety system is promoted, decline, the different positions for keeping or being inserted in fastly reactor core by control rod
Place is set, is quickly stopped in the case of Lai Shixian reactor start-up, adjusting reactor capability, maintenance power, stopping reactor and accident
Heap, to directly affect reactor normal safe operation or avoid the generation of contingency.Under normal conditions, reactor is normally transported
When row, it is desirable that control rod has certain movement speed；And when there is emergency episode operating condition, it is desirable that C&P systems take off automatically
It opens, control rod is made to complete shutdown by self weight quick insertion reactor core；It is inserted into reactor core safely to control rod from signal is obtained
Shutdown time is no more than 2s.Realize shutdown using neutron-absorbing principle based on control rod insertion reactor core.
However, using above-mentioned control rod drive mechanism, have that safety coefficient is low, emergency shut-down speed is slow, cannot accurately control
The disadvantages of stop heap, and for the cold reactor of some liquid heavy metal cooled reactor such as lead, due to the coolant lead bismuth of use
Alloy eutectic mixture density is larger, and control the density of the dominant absorbers material such as boron carbide of safety rod in bar system compared with
It is small, lead to small more of the density of the density ratio coolant of safety rod, thus be unfavorable for being inserted into safely when safety rod falls reactor core (by
Buoyancy effect).Thus also increase the difficulty of control rod structure design.
For the flexibility and reliability for improving reactor safety control, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of reactivity control dress
It sets, when there is emergency episode operating condition, which can further increase the speed of reactor emergency shut-down, really
It ensures safety.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, reactive control device 100 includes: graphite movable block 1, and the graphite movable block 1 is arranged to,
When reactor operation, the bottom of reactor core is moved to；When the reactor shutdown, reactor core is left
Bottom；Graphite fixed block 2, the graphite fixed block 2 surround the graphite movable block 1, and the graphite movable block 1 is arranged to
It is mobile relative to the graphite fixed block 2；Interconnecting piece 3, the interconnecting piece 3 are arranged to drive the graphite movable block 1 along close
Or the direction far from the reactor core bottom moves；Calutron 5, the calutron 5 include first 51 and second 52,
It is attractive between described first 51 and second 52 when calutron 5 is powered；Driving portion 6, the calutron 5
Described first 51 is arranged in the driving portion 6, and the driving portion 6 is arranged to drive first 51 movement；Wherein, described
Second 52 setting of calutron 5 in the interconnecting piece 3, described first 51 and it is second 52 described between there is electricity
The effect of magnetic force, when the driving portion 6 drives first 51 movement, described first 51 drives second 52 fortune
Dynamic, described second 52 drives the interconnecting piece 3 to move, thus, the interconnecting piece 3 drives the graphite movable block 1 to move；Its
In, when reactor accident power-off or when needing emergency cut-off and powering off, the calutron 5 is powered off, the graphite movable block 1
It is moved along the direction far from the reactor core bottom.
As shown in the figures 1 and 2, graphite fixed block 2 surrounds graphite movable block 1, and graphite movable block 1 can be solid relative to graphite
Determine the movement of block 2.Graphite movable block 1 and graphite fixed block 2 can be the graphite block with certain density and shape, such as graphite is lived
It is D that motion block 1, which can be with diameter,1Solid cylinder structure, corresponding graphite fixed block 2 can be with a hollow circuit cylinder
The cyclic structure of body, such as the internal diameter of graphite fixed block 2 is D2, outer diameter D3, wherein D1Greater than D2So that graphite movable block 1
It can be located in the hollow structure of graphite fixed block 2.Specifically, such as D1For 240mm, D2For 246mm, D3For 517mm.Graphite
Movable block 1 and graphite fixed block 2 have following positional relationship: when reactor start-up, graphite movable block 1 will be moved to reaction
The bottom of heap reactor core, graphite movable block 1 is surrounded by graphite fixed block 2 at this time, and the two is in the same horizontal position；When reactor needs
When wanting shutdown, graphite movable block 1 leaves the bottom of reactor core, and 2 position of graphite fixed block does not change.
As shown in the figures 1 and 2, graphite movable block 1 can be fixedly mounted on the top of interconnecting piece 3 by screw, to make this
Interconnecting piece 3, which is able to drive graphite movable block 1, to be done and moves along close to or far from the direction of reactor core bottom.Graphite fixed block 2
It can be fixedly mounted on by screw on an operating platform 9.Interconnecting piece 3, which can have rod-like structure, for example can be traveller,
Graphite movable block 1 can be carried and graphite movable block 1 is driven to move up and down.
As shown in figures 2 and 3, first 51 and second 52 of calutron 5 can be the group with general electromagnetic property
Close object.Such as first 51 can be electromagnet armature, so that second 52 can be set into certain electromagnetic coil structure
Iron core, when calutron 5 be powered when, electromagnet armature attract iron core, thus between first 51 and second 52 generate electricity
Magneticaction and attract each other.Wherein, the iron core with certain electromagnetic coil structure can also be arranged to by first 51, second
Portion 52 is arranged to electromagnet armature.Alternatively, first 51 and second 52 electromagnetic structure for other forms combines.
As shown in the figures 1 and 2, reactive control device 100 further includes container 4, which is arranged to when graphite movable block 1
When being moved along the direction far from reactor core bottom, fall into the container 4.Wherein, container 4 includes buffer stopper 41 and spring
42, one end of spring 42 is connected to buffer stopper 41, and the other end is connected to the bottom of container 4；Buffer stopper 41 and spring 42 are arranged to
When graphite movable block 1, which falls into container 4, contacts buffer stopper 41, buffer stopper 41 and spring 42 are compressed.
As shown in the figures 1 and 2, container 4 is set to the downstream of graphite fixed block 2, and the top of container 4 and graphite fixed block 2
Bottom be fixedly connected.The top opening of container 4 can be such that graphite movable block 1 falls into container 4 by opening.Buffer stopper 41
It is all provided with the bottom of container 4 and is set to centre with through-hole structure, so that interconnecting piece 3 be enable to pass through the through-hole.Container 4 for example may be used
With cylindrical body barrel-like structure, internal diameter D4, outer diameter D5；4 top opening of container, bottom are provided with logical in middle position
Hole；To enable graphite movable block 1 successfully to fall into container 4, and the inner space of container 4 can guarantee graphite movable block
1 dropping process is stablized, and the size of container 4 can be designed according to the size of graphite movable block 1 and graphite fixed block 2 is corresponding, such as
D4For 245mm, D5For 258mm.Correspondingly, buffer stopper 41 can be the thin circular slab that middle position is provided with through-hole, diameter D6
Greater than D1The surface of graphite movable block 1, such as D can be completely attached to6It can be 244mm.Spring 42 is set to 41 He of buffer stopper
Between the bottom of container 4, and it is arranged around the circumference of through-hole, quantity can according to need setting, such as can be 4.
Further, the material of container 4 can be stainless steel, be used to accommodate graphite movable block 1.Buffer stopper 41 and spring
42 for protecting graphite movable block 1 when graphite movable block 1 moves in container 4；In particular, when emergency work condition occurs, by
It falls rapidly in graphite movable block 1 by self weight, is also easy to produce biggish impact force, buffer stopper 41 and spring 42 are capable of providing at this time
Buffer function appropriate prolongs its service life to protect the structure damage of graphite movable block 1.Buffer stopper 41 can be with
Using the substance of the materials such as polyethylene, rubber, resin, preferably polyethylene；The design of its structure, which need to meet, has graphite movable block 1
There is certain bearing capacity.When using polyethylene buffer stopper, on the one hand, polythene material is during hydrogen-containing compound does not absorb
Son；On the other hand, polyethylene has many advantages, such as that economy, easy processing molding, good toughness are durable.
As shown in the figures 1 and 2, driving portion 6 includes driving assembly and motor 61, and motor 61 is arranged to, when reactor operation,
Motor 61 rotates forward, and the driving assembly is driven to move towards the direction close to reactor core bottom；When reactor shutdown,
Motor 61 rotates backward, and the driving assembly is driven to be directed away from the direction movement of reactor core bottom.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, driving assembly includes the first plate portion 62, the second plate portion 63, pedestal 64, guide post 65 and lead screw
66, wherein pedestal 64 is set between the first plate portion 62 and the second plate portion 63；Guide post 65 is arranged to its top and bottom end difference
It is fixedly connected with the first plate portion 62, the second plate portion 63 and guide post 65 passes through pedestal 64；Lead screw 66 drives pedestal 64 along guiding
Column 65 moves between the first plate portion 62 and the second plate portion 63；First 51 of calutron 5 is set to pedestal 64.
As shown in the figures 1 and 2, the first plate portion 62 and the second plate portion 63 can be rectangular slab, and pedestal 64 can be cylindrical plate,
It is provided with through-hole on pedestal 64, is connect so that guide post 65 and lead screw 66 can pass through through-hole with pedestal 64, and guide post 65
Top and bottom end are fixedly connected with the first plate portion 62, the second plate portion 63 respectively.Wherein, lead screw 66 is set between two parties relative to pedestal 64
It sets, guide post 65 can be oppositely arranged relative to the both ends of lead screw 66.It can also be arranged between first plate portion 62 and the second plate portion 63
Support column 67, top and bottom end are directly fixedly connected with the first plate portion 62, the second plate portion 63 respectively.Lead screw 66 can pass through the
Two plate portions 63 are fixedly connected with motor 61, so that motor 61 drives lead screw 66 and enables pedestal 64 along guide post 65 in the first plate
It is moved between portion 62 and the second plate portion 63.
As shown in Fig. 2, driving portion 6 can also include retarder 68 and shaft coupling 69, motor 61 successively and subtracts from bottom to top
Fast device 68, shaft coupling 69 and lead screw 66 connect.Shaft coupling 69 is used to reinforce the connection and operation stability between driving assembly,
Reducing influences caused by the unfavorable factors such as motion excursion, vibration, impact；Simultaneously, motor is accurately controlled by retarder 68
61 velocity of rotation enables graphite movable block 1 at the uniform velocity to rise or fall with certain speed, to control reactivity.
As shown in the figures 1 and 2, reactive control device 100 further includes support component 7 comprising top plate 71, bottom plate 72 and
Support column 73, top plate 71 are fixedly connected with the second plate portion 63；Bottom plate 72 is fixedly connected with the ground；Support column 73 is supported in top plate 71
Between bottom plate 72.Top plate 71 and bottom plate 72 can be rectangular slab, and support column 73 can be relative to four of top plate 71 and bottom plate 72
Angular position setting, such as 4 support columns 73 can be set.Top plate 71 is fixedly connected with the second plate portion 63, and motor 61 is set to
The lower section of top plate 71, lead screw 66 can pass through the second plate portion 63 and top plate 71 is connect with motor 61.
As shown in the figures 1 and 2, interconnecting piece 3 is slidably disposed through the first plate portion 62 and pedestal 64；Second of calutron 5
52 are set to 3 bottom of interconnecting piece.It is provided with through-hole on first plate portion 62 and pedestal 64, so that interconnecting piece 3 is at the bottom for passing through container 4
It is can continue to behind portion across the first plate portion 62 and pedestal 64, and the bottom of interconnecting piece 3 continues to extend relative to the bottom of pedestal 64.
As shown in Fig. 2, graphite movable block 1 and 3 connection of interconnecting piece are arranged relative to 66 centering of lead screw.Interconnecting piece 3 exists
Its top is fixedly connected with the center of graphite movable block 1, and then interconnecting piece 3 sequentially passes through container 4, the first plate portion 62 and pedestal 64
Center through-hole.Simultaneously, lead screw 66 is centrally located relative to pedestal 64, thus the company of graphite movable block 1 and interconnecting piece 3
It connects the center line at position to be aligned relative to the center line of 66 position of lead screw, i.e. graphite movable block 1, interconnecting piece 3 and silk
Thick stick 66 designs between two parties relative to single unit system, is conducive to the whole stress equalization of reactive control device 100, it is stable to improve its
Property.
As shown in the figures 1 and 2, total with graphite fixed block 2 when graphite movable block 1 moves to the bottom of reactor core
With the bottom reflecting layer as reactor core；When graphite movable block 1 leaves the bottom of reactor core, graphite fixed block 2
Middle position forms cavity structure.Specifically, when reactor start-up, graphite movable block 1 will be moved to the bottom of reactor core
Portion, graphite movable block 1 is surrounded by graphite fixed block 2 at this time, and the two is in the same horizontal position, collectively as reactor core
Reflected neutron is played the role of together with other reflection layer structures of reactor core in bottom reflecting layer；And when reactor needs shutdown, stone
Black movable block 1 leaves the bottom of reactor core, and graphite fixed block 2 restores its hollow structure having at this time, so that graphite is solid
Determine block 2 middle position formed cavity structure, since the structural intergrity in reactor core bottom reflecting layer is destroyed, in reactor in
Son is largely leaked in empty cavity position to which assisted reaction stops.Using the graphite material of high density and high-purity as reflecting layer,
When i.e. graphite movable block 1 and graphite fixed block 2 are collectively as bottom reflecting layer, the leakage probability of neutron in heap is advantageously reduced, together
Shi Di, compares metallic beryllium, and graphite has many advantages, such as that economic cost is low, nontoxic, practical.
In an embodiment of the present invention, reactive control device is set to the lower section in the active reaction area of reactor core,
The design of its structure is simple, and control mode is flexible, can be improved the security control coefficient of reactor operation, and it is high to control precision.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, reactive control device 100 is integrally located at the lower zone of core plate 8.Reactivity control
Device 100 processed successively includes graphite movable block 1, graphite fixed block 2, interconnecting piece 3, container 4, calutron 5, driving from top to bottom
Portion 6 and support component 7；Wherein, the top of container 4 is fixedly connected with the bottom of graphite fixed block 2, the top opening of container 4, energy
Fall into graphite movable block 1 in container 4 by opening；The top of interconnecting piece 3 is fixedly connected with the bottom of graphite movable block 1,
Interconnecting piece 3 can be traveller structure, sequentially pass through buffer stopper 41, the bottom of container 4, the first plate portion 62 and pedestal 64, and even
Continue to extend relative to the bottom of pedestal 64 in the bottom of socket part 3；Thus, interconnecting piece 3 is able to drive on graphite movable block 1 and glides
It is dynamic；Driving portion 6 is wholy set in the lower section of container 4, and motor 61 drives pedestal 64 can be along leading by driving lead screw 66
It is moved between the first plate portion 62 and the second plate portion 63 to column 65；First 51 of calutron 5 is set to the bottom of pedestal 64,
It is set to the bottom of interconnecting piece 3 for second 52, when calutron 5 is powered, generates electromagnetism between first 51 and second 52
Power effect attracts each other, so that the effect of mutual power is generated between pedestal 64 and interconnecting piece 3, thus when motor 61 drives pedestal 64
When movement, pedestal 64 is able to drive interconnecting piece 3 and then interconnecting piece 3 drives graphite movable block 1 to move together；When calutron 5 is disconnected
When electric, the electromagnetic force between first 51 and second 52 disappears, and the effect of mutual power is lost between pedestal 64 and interconnecting piece 3；
Support component 7 is by being fixedly connected with the ground the stability of holding meanss entirety.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the working principle of reactive control device 100 is as follows: when reactor start-up, calutron 5
It is powered, since electromagnetic force is mutually inhaled between second 52 and first 51 of 3 bottom of interconnecting piece be set on pedestal 64
Draw to generate the effect of mutual power, motor 61 rotates forward, driving lead screw 66 to lead screw 66 drive pedestal 64 along guide post 65 to
Upper movement, pedestal 64 is with rotation connection 3 and then interconnecting piece 3 drives graphite movable block 1 to move with uniform velocity upwards together, until graphite
Movable block 1 moves to reactor core bottom, and graphite movable block 1 is located in the hollow structure of graphite fixed block 2 at this time, and graphite is living
Both motion block 1 and graphite fixed block 2 maintain the reactivity of normal reactor operation collectively as bottom reflecting layer；When reactor needs
When wanting out of service, motor 61 is inverted, and driving lead screw 66 drives pedestal 64 to move downward along guide post 65 to lead screw 66, pedestal
Interconnecting piece 3 drives graphite movable block 1 to move with uniform velocity downwardly together to 64 band rotation connection 3 in turn, until graphite movable block 1 moves
To container 4, contacts buffer stopper 41 and compress buffer stopper 41 and spring 42, at this point, the middle position of graphite fixed block 2 forms sky
Chamber makes reaction neutron largely leak and stop reaction.And it when reactor accident power-off or needs emergency cut-off and powers off
When, calutron 5 powers off, and the electromagnetic force between first 51 and second 52 disappears at this time, so that 3 stress of interconnecting piece is unbalance,
Graphite movable block 1 falls rapidly by self gravity at this time, leaves reactor core bottom, and falls into compression buffering in container 4
Block 41 and spring 42.
The reactive control device provided according to embodiments of the present invention reveals principle according to neutron, when generation emergency work condition
When, graphite movable block 1 can fall rapidly by self weight, so that a biggish negative reactivity is introduced, to be conducive to accelerate
Reactor scram, it is ensured that safety.The effective travel that graphite movable block 1 moves is i.e. from the lower end surface of core plate 8 to connecing
Touching buffer stopper 41 simultaneously compresses buffer stopper 41, and the effective travel is short, helps to further increase control precision.Experiments verify that stone
The time that black movable block 1 leaves reactor core base falls controls within 1s, can satisfy reactor safety control and requires.
The zero-energy reactor of embodiment according to the present invention comprising above-mentioned reactivity control device.Reactivity is controlled
Device processed helps to carry out multinomial zero energy Physical Experiment, to be research reactor characteristic for controlling zero-energy reactor
The dynamic behaviour characteristic that shutdown dynamic characteristic, positive negative reactivity under such as different subcriticalities introduce provides experimental data or product
Tired experience.
Such as the common cold reactor of lead, core structure are provided with control bar system, generally in designing on the reflecting layer of bottom
Including safety rod and regulating rod.Wherein, safety rod uses boron carbide and polyethylene for absorber；Regulating rod uses cadmium to absorb
Body.It can be in reactor core according to security control redundancy principle to further strengthen the reliability of pile reactivity control
Reactive control device is arranged in active region lower position.The reactivity control device, which has, is different from control rod structurally and functionally
Principle works as normal reactor operation using graphite movable block and graphite fixed block collectively as the bottom reflecting layer of reactor core
When, the graphite movable block and graphite fixed block are respectively positioned on the bottom of reactor core, play the role of reflection to reaction neutron；And
When emergency work condition occurs, graphite movable block can be by the reactor core bottom that speed away of being self-possessed, and graphite fixed block is at it
Middle position forms cavity, introduces negative reactivity for reactor, and simultaneously, control bar system is immediately inserted into reactor core, so that it is guaranteed that
Reactor emergency shut-down guarantees safety.
For the embodiment of the present invention, it is also necessary to explanation, in the absence of conflict, the embodiment of the present invention and reality
Applying the feature in example can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiment.
More than, only a specific embodiment of the invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is of the invention
Protection scope should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of reactivity control device comprising:
Graphite movable block, the graphite movable block is arranged to, and when reactor operation, moves to the bottom of reactor core；
When the reactor shutdown, the bottom of reactor core is left；
Graphite fixed block, the graphite fixed block surround the graphite movable block, and the graphite movable block is arranged to relatively
It is mobile in the graphite fixed block；
Interconnecting piece, the interconnecting piece are arranged to that the graphite movable block is driven to transport along the direction close to or far from the reactor core bottom
It is dynamic；
Calutron, the calutron include first and second, when calutron is powered, described first and second
It is attractive between portion；
Described first of driving portion, the calutron is arranged in the driving portion, and the driving portion is arranged to described in driving
First movement；
Wherein, second setting of the calutron be in the interconnecting piece, and described first and described between second
Has the function of electromagnetic force, when the driving portion drives first movement, described first drives second fortune
Dynamic, described second drives the interconnecting piece movement, thus, the interconnecting piece drives the graphite movable block movement；
Wherein, when reactor accident power-off or when needing emergency cut-off and powering off, the calutron power-off, the graphite is lived
Motion block is moved along the direction far from the reactor core bottom.
2. reactivity control device according to claim 1, wherein
The reactivity control device further includes container, and the container is arranged to when the graphite movable block is along far from the reaction
When the direction movement of heap reactor core bottom, fall into the container.
3. reactivity control device according to claim 2, wherein
The container includes buffer stopper and spring, and one end of the spring is connected to the buffer stopper, and the other end is connected to described
The bottom of container；
The buffer stopper and spring are arranged to compress institute when the graphite movable block falls into the container and contacts the buffer stopper
State buffer stopper and spring.
4. reactivity control device according to claim 1, wherein
The driving portion includes driving assembly and motor,
The motor is arranged to, and when reactor operation, the motor is rotated forward, and driving the driving component is towards close to anti-
The direction of heap reactor core bottom is answered to move；When reactor shutdown, the motor is rotated backward, and driving the driving component is towards far
Direction movement from reactor core bottom.
5. reactivity control device according to claim 4, wherein
The driving component includes the first plate portion, the second plate portion, pedestal, guide post and lead screw,
The pedestal is set between first plate portion and the second plate portion；
The guide post be arranged to its top and bottom end respectively with the first plate portion, the second plate portion is fixedly connected and the guiding
Column passes through the pedestal；
The lead screw drives the pedestal to move between first plate portion and the second plate portion along the guide post；
Described first of the calutron is set to the pedestal.
6. reactivity control device according to claim 5, wherein
It further include support component comprising top plate and bottom plate and support column,
The top plate is fixedly connected with second plate portion；
The bottom plate is fixedly connected with the ground；
The support column is supported between the top plate and the bottom plate.
7. reactivity control device according to claim 5, wherein
The interconnecting piece is slidably disposed through first plate portion and the pedestal；
Second of the calutron is set to the interconnecting piece bottom.
8. reactivity control device according to claim 5, wherein
The graphite movable block and the interconnecting piece connection are arranged relative to the screw centring.
9. the apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
When the graphite movable block moves to the bottom of reactor core, reacted with the graphite fixed block collectively as described
The bottom reflecting layer of heap reactor core；
When the graphite movable block leaves the bottom of the reactor core, the middle position of the graphite fixed block forms sky
Cavity configuration.
10. a kind of zero-energy reactor comprising the described in any item reactive control devices of claim 1-9.
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