CN110348674A - A kind of power grid risk assessment method, system and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents
A kind of power grid risk assessment method, system and computer readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
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- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of power grid risk assessment method, system and computer readable storage medium, present invention introduces Congestion Relief Cost and loses measurement facility of the load cost as power grid risk assessment, is calculated by deploying node the two；Establish power grid under DC power flow dynamic economic dispatch model a few days ago；By the failure operation scene of multiple simulation system, judge whether system overloads and carry out optimal cutting load if necessary；Finally, statistics forms the Measure Indexes for representing user's power loss risk and network risks, is analyzed with this and the operation risk of assessment system within a predetermined period of time is horizontal；Meanwhile the present invention is also emulated by the example to IEEE118 node system, demonstrates the correctness and validity of power grid risk assessment method of the present invention with this.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power domain more particularly to a kind of power grid risk assessment methods, system and computer-readable storage
Medium.
Background technique
With the iterative method of China's electricity market reform, power grid scale is increasingly huge, and structure is increasingly complicated, influences electricity
Force system planning, the unstable factor of operation and transaction are also more prominent: the fluctuation of load and electricity price, the random of electric network element therefore
Barrier, the variation of the changeable market demand and participant behavior, intermittent energy source networking etc..These it is uncontrollable it is uncertain because
Element not only causes the changeful of grid operation mode, real risk and correct reply to dispatcher's accurate quantification system
Pressure is increased, and the system function due to caused by network element fails lacks, and seriously affects the fortune of electric system
Row reliability brings potential great risk to society.Therefore, carry out power system security defense work, to power grid security
Appraisal procedure is studied, it appears particularly important.
Under the overall situation of electricity marketization, by carrying out static security analysis to electric system, high risk failure is chosen
Scene can in time, comprehensively find the weakness zone of system as forecast failure collection, and then formulate defence before failure occurs
And corrective measure, effectively system operation risk is evaded.Domestic and foreign scholars are to power system operation mode, i.e. hair transmission of electricity
Extensive research has been carried out in the risk assessment of combined system, but research contents primarily focuses on adequacy evaluation etc..Such as in " base
In network flow programming composite power systems Reliability Evaluation Model study " in propose based on network flow programming hair transmission of electricity combination
The risk assessment algorithm of system improves efficiency of algorithm with net stream instead of Line Flow；And each scholar is directed to extensive electric power
System proposes a kind of Markov chain monte carlo method of reliability assessment, and method can be reduced the sampling time and convergence is fast
Speed；Scholars also propose a kind of adaptive layered importance sampling technique, are only sampled to malfunction subspace, and using important
Sampling probability density is sampled optimization to by swab space, improves the computational efficiency of algorithm；" based on division Optimal Multiplier weight
The system adequacy evaluation to be sampled " in propose a kind of to influence size to system reliability different Optimal Multipliers are arranged by element
Sampling skill, to improve the convergence rate of Monte Carlo simulation；There is scholar to mention in transmission system operational mode risk assessment
A kind of component ageing failure model of analog simulation city cable is gone out；Sequential Meng Teka is utilized in electrical power system transmission simultaneously
Sieve simulation analyzes hicap reliability, and the method can provide reliability index probability distribution.
The abundance index for system under the most common failure method of operation carries out single calculating mostly for existing research, lacks
Weary complete comprehensive assessment index.Also, deploying node (locational marginal price, LMP) had not been introduced
As the assistant analysis tool of risk assessment, have ignored what LMP had in power scheduling and transaction, and processing Congestion
Significance.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve at least one above-mentioned technical problem, the invention proposes a kind of power grid risk assessment method, system and
Computer readable storage medium.
To achieve the goals above, first aspect present invention proposes a kind of power grid risk assessment method, comprising:
Read primitive network parameter, the essential information of generating set and the line fault fortune of the composite power systems of power grid
Line mode set；
Power grid dynamic economic dispatch model is solved using path trace interior-point algohnhm, obtains the Marginal Pricing of each node；
It calculates the Network congestion cost under the m kind method of operation and loses the Risk Evaluation Factors of load cost；
Within a predetermined period of time, expense maximum value, minimum value and the average value under method of operation set, completion pair are acquired
The assessment of the composite power systems operation risk.
In the present solution, solving power grid dynamic economic dispatch model using path trace interior-point algohnhm, the side of each node is obtained
Border electricity price, specifically further include:
When trend does not restrain, optimal mistake load is determined.
In the present solution, the calculation formula of the Congestion Relief Cost are as follows:
Wherein, NloadIndicate the number of load；NgenIndicate the number of generating set；PvAnd qvRespectively indicate load bus v power and
Electricity price；PwAnd qwRespectively indicate the power and electricity price of power generation node w.
In the present solution, the calculation formula of the mistake load cost in preset time period are as follows:Its
In, DcThe mistake load cost of interruptible load is cut off for the period；NcIndicate the number of users of participation interruptible load；rjAnd PcjPoint
The unit price and power of user j Biao Shi be removed.
In the present solution, the calculation formula of the Marginal Pricing of each node are as follows: Li=λ-∑ Aim*Plm+λ(Fi- 1), wherein LiTable
Show the Marginal Pricing of node i；The reference electricity price of λ expression balance nodes；AimIndicate transfer factor of the node i about route m；Plm
Indicate the shadow price of route m；FiIndicate loss penalty factor of the node i about balance nodes.
Preferably, the predetermined amount of time is one day, January, the first quarter, 1 year one or more.
Second aspect of the present invention also proposes a kind of power grid risk assessment system, and the power grid risk assessment system includes: to deposit
Reservoir and processor include a kind of power grid risk assessment method program, the power grid risk assessment method journey in the memory
Sequence realizes following steps when being executed by the processor:
Read primitive network parameter, the essential information of generating set and the line fault fortune of the composite power systems of power grid
Line mode set；
Power grid dynamic economic dispatch model is solved using path trace interior-point algohnhm, obtains the Marginal Pricing of each node；
It calculates the Network congestion cost under the m kind method of operation and loses the Risk Evaluation Factors of load cost；
Within a predetermined period of time, expense maximum value, minimum value and the average value under method of operation set, completion pair are acquired
The assessment of the composite power systems operation risk.
In the present solution, the calculation formula of the Congestion Relief Cost are as follows:
Wherein, NloadIndicate the number of load；NgenIndicate the number of generating set；PvAnd qvRespectively indicate load bus v power and
Electricity price；PwAnd qwRespectively indicate the power and electricity price of power generation node w.
In the present solution, the calculation formula of the mistake load cost in preset time period are as follows:Its
In, DcThe mistake load cost of interruptible load is cut off for the period；NcIndicate the number of users of participation interruptible load；rjAnd PcjPoint
The unit price and power of user j Biao Shi be removed.
Third aspect present invention also proposes a kind of computer readable storage medium, wraps in the computer readable storage medium
A kind of power grid risk assessment method program is included, when the power grid risk assessment method program is executed by processor, is realized as above-mentioned
A kind of power grid risk assessment method the step of.
Present invention introduces Congestion Relief Cost and measurement facility of the load cost as power grid risk assessment is lost, passes through node limit
Electricity price calculates the two；Establish power grid under DC power flow dynamic economic dispatch model a few days ago；It is by repeatedly simulating
The failure operation scene of system, judges whether system overloads and carry out optimal cutting load if necessary；Finally, statistics is formed to represent and be used
The Measure Indexes of family power loss risk and network risks analyze the simultaneously operation risk water of assessment system within a predetermined period of time with this
It is flat；Meanwhile the present invention is also emulated by the example to IEEE118 node system, it was demonstrated that power grid risk assessment of the present invention
The correctness and validity of method.
Additional aspect and advantage of the invention will provide in following description section, will partially become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows a kind of flow chart of power grid risk assessment method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows a kind of block diagrams of power grid risk assessment system of the invention；
Fig. 3 shows the power grid composite power systems operation risk assessment flow chart of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram that LMP is compared under two kinds of methods of operation of IEEE118 node system of the present invention；
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of day operation risk under the different faults method of operation of the present invention；
Fig. 6 shows present system average electricity price diurnal variation curve figure.
Specific embodiment
To better understand the objects, features and advantages of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is further described in detail.It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the implementation of the application
Feature in example and embodiment can be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, still, the present invention may be used also
To be implemented using other than the one described here other modes, therefore, protection scope of the present invention is not by described below
Specific embodiment limitation.
Under Power Market, it is reliable that power grid security is more partial in the risk assessment of the composite power systems of power grid
Property and economy mutual cooperation, therefore, operation risk can be measured from economic angle, for convenience of integrating with market.Therefore,
The present invention intends constructing in terms of the mistake load cost two of the Congestion Relief Cost and embodiment user's power loss risk that embody network risks
System operation risk assessment index system.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of flow chart of power grid risk assessment method of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, first aspect present invention proposes a kind of power grid risk assessment method, comprising:
S102 reads the primitive network parameter, the essential information of generating set and route of the composite power systems of power grid
Failure operation mode set；
S104 solves power grid dynamic economic dispatch model using path trace interior-point algohnhm, obtains the limit electricity of each node
Valence；
S106 calculates the Network congestion cost under the m kind method of operation and loses the Risk Evaluation Factors of load cost；
S108 acquires expense maximum value, minimum value and the average value under method of operation set within a predetermined period of time,
Complete the assessment to the composite power systems operation risk.
It should be noted that technical solution of the present invention can be operated in the terminal devices such as PC, mobile phone, PAD.
According to an embodiment of the invention, solving power grid dynamic economic dispatch model using path trace interior-point algohnhm, obtain
The Marginal Pricing of each node, specifically further include:
When trend does not restrain, optimal mistake load is determined.
According to an embodiment of the invention, expense maximum value, minimum value and average value in the case where acquiring method of operation set
Later, further includes:
Expense maximum value, minimum value and average value are shown by display, in order to which operator looks into
It sees.
It should be noted that the limited ability to transmit electricity of power transmission network and transmission loss are two essential characteristics of power transmission network.
Under electricity market economic structure, line power is out-of-limit to be related to the balance of interest of main market players, each side.In open free competition
Power Market under, carry out power scheduling generally to follow three big principles, i.e., low quotation unit is preferentially generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, is pursued
Social net value maximization and transmission system safe and reliable operation.Based on above three big principles, power grid is steady safely in the system of holding
It, should be rationally to utilize resource and profit maximization for guiding on the basis of fixed operation, the unit for allowing quotation low as far as possible preferentially generates electricity.
Thus easily cause the unit for offering low institute connecting lines to undertake a large amount of loads, when it reaches the capacity of trunk upper limit, just generates
Obstruction.At this point, dispatcher should take measures, such as adjustment power output plan disconnects overload route or cut-out load with true
Insurance system safe operation, thus the variation of caused cost of electricity-generating is Congestion Relief Cost.
With the complication of market mode, the Marginal Pricing that economizes on electricity becomes the primary method of congestion management, it can be comprehensive
Embody influence of the network constraint to node marginal cost.The Congestion Relief Cost calculation formula indicated with node electricity price it is as follows (with
For Electricity pool mode).
Wherein, NloadIndicate the number of load；NgenIndicate the number of generating set；PvAnd qvRespectively indicate load bus v
Power and electricity price；PwAnd qwRespectively indicate the power and electricity price of power generation node w.
It should be noted that more prescribing a time limit in the actual motion of power grid when there is line power, short-term processing method is
Dispatcher issues the power output of order adjustment generating set, is not able to satisfy system safe and reliable operation still if being adjusted, just only
Can cutting load by force, to control the power for flowing through route.As the important component of ancillary service, interruptible load passes through electricity
The form that net company and user are signed a contract participates in spinning reserve capacity market.When Generation Side spinning reserve capacity is lower than certain
When horizontal, that is, the interruptible load in signing a contract is cut off, alleviates the power output pressure of Generation Side spinning reserve, improve systematic electricity
Abundant intensity increases participation of the user in electricity market.
When interruptible load participates in spare capacity market, the linear phase of significance level of load cost and load is lost
It closes, different grades of interruptible load cost of compensation has certain difference.Dispatcher can be negative according to making up price and interruption
The product of lotus formulates decision with totle drilling cost least principle.The mistake load cost of certain period can be calculated with following formula.
Wherein, DcThe mistake load cost of interruptible load is cut off for the period；NcIndicate the user of participation interruptible load
Number；rjAnd PcjRespectively indicate the unit price and power of removed user j.
Using coal consumption cost, lose the sum of load cost and pollution processing cost etc. minimum as the optimization aim of system, about
Beam condition includes: active and reactive power equilibrium constraint, unit output limitation, unit climbing limit, cuts upper load limit, node electricity
Capacity of trunk constraint etc. under pressure limitation and DC power flow, establishes the dynamic power flow model of electric system economic load dispatching a few days ago, as follows
Shown in formula.
Wherein, m is number of nodes T number of segment when being total；ai、biAnd ciFor the coal consumption cost coefficient of unit；kiTo pollute handling
Use coefficient；riTo lose load cost linear function coefficient；Pgi、QgiFor the active and reactive power output of generating set i；Pdi、QdiFor section
The active and reactive load of point i；Pij、QijFor route lijThe active and reactive power of upper circulation；Pci、QciFor having in node i
Function, idle mistake load；PgimaxAnd PgiminFor the upper and lower limit of generator i active power output；QgimaxAnd QgiminIt is idle for generator i
The upper and lower limit of power output；riFor the creep speed of unit i；VimaxAnd ViminFor the voltage magnitude limit value of node i；SlimaxAnd Slimin
For the trend apparent energy limit value for flowing through route l-i.Interruptible load is cut down by the principle of constant power factor.
The economic meanings of deploying node refer to: under current system operating status, one unit of certain node increase is active,
The minimum power purchase expense for maintaining system safety operation to need.Under the settlement mode of node electricity price, electricity power enterprise and load side point
It is not struck a bargain with the LMP of respectively place node.The costs such as Congested espense and via net loss are also converted in LMP, therefore LMP is in
Existing differentiation, can embody the rare situation of system resource.
For the real-time calculating and power scheduling demand for meeting market environment lower node electricity price, the present invention is using in path trace
Point method solves above-mentioned calculating formula, realizes LMP and the linkage of optimal load flow computationally.The essence of interior point method is Newton method, glug
The combination of bright day function and logarithm barrier function three.Using the inequality constraints in logarithm barrier function processing model, draw
Ge Lang function processing equality constraint therein, Newton method are used to solve update equation formula.Its advantage is that: to initial point no requirement (NR),
Fast convergence rate, it is insensitive to system scale, therefore can be used for the solution of large-scale nonlinear constrained minimization problem.In above-mentioned calculating formula
In, Lagrange multiplier corresponding to active and reactive power equilibrium equation and active and reactive node electricity price have identical warp
Ji learns meaning, is referred to as " shadow price " in finance, it comprises the cost of electricity-generating of system, via net loss and backlogs
Etc. abundant informations, have more advantage compared to other algorithms.The deploying node calculation formula at certain moment is as follows.
Li=λ-∑ Aim*Plm+λ(Fi-1)
Wherein, LiIndicate the Marginal Pricing of node i；The reference electricity price of λ expression balance nodes；AimIndicate node i about line
The transfer factor of road m；PlmIndicate the shadow price of route m；FiIndicate loss penalty factor of the node i about balance nodes.
Preferably, the predetermined amount of time is one day, January, the first quarter, 1 year one or more.But not limited to this.
Fig. 2 shows a kind of block diagrams of power grid risk assessment system of the invention.
As shown in Fig. 2, second aspect of the present invention also proposes a kind of power grid risk assessment system 2, the power grid risk assessment
System 2 includes: memory 21 and processor 22, includes a kind of power grid risk assessment method program in the memory 21, described
Power grid risk assessment method program realizes following steps when being executed by the processor 22:
Read primitive network parameter, the essential information of generating set and the line fault fortune of the composite power systems of power grid
Line mode set；
Power grid dynamic economic dispatch model is solved using path trace interior-point algohnhm, obtains the Marginal Pricing of each node；
It calculates the Network congestion cost under the m kind method of operation and loses the Risk Evaluation Factors of load cost；
Within a predetermined period of time, expense maximum value, minimum value and the average value under method of operation set, completion pair are acquired
The assessment of the composite power systems operation risk.
It should be noted that system of the invention can be operated in the terminal devices such as PC, mobile phone, PAD.
It should be noted that the processor can be central processing unit (Central Processing Unit,
CPU), it can also be other general processors, Digital Signal Processing (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), dedicated collection
At circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), ready-made programmable gate array (Field-
Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) either other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic,
Discrete hardware components etc..General processor can be microprocessor or the processor is also possible to any conventional processor
Deng.
It should be noted that the system can also include display, acquire expense maximum value under method of operation set,
Minimum value and average value can feed back to user by display.The display is referred to as display screen or display is single
Member.Display can be light-emitting diode display, liquid crystal display, touch-control liquid crystal display and organic hair in some embodiments
Optical diode (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED) touches device etc..Display is located in systems for showing
The information of reason and for showing visual working interface.
According to an embodiment of the invention, solving power grid dynamic economic dispatch model using path trace interior-point algohnhm, obtain
The Marginal Pricing of each node, specifically further include:
When trend does not restrain, optimal mistake load is determined.
It should be noted that the limited ability to transmit electricity of power transmission network and transmission loss are two essential characteristics of power transmission network.
Under electricity market economic structure, line power is out-of-limit to be related to the balance of interest of main market players, each side.In open free competition
Power Market under, carry out power scheduling generally to follow three big principles, i.e., low quotation unit is preferentially generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, is pursued
Social net value maximization and transmission system safe and reliable operation.Based on above three big principles, power grid is steady safely in the system of holding
It, should be rationally to utilize resource and profit maximization for guiding on the basis of fixed operation, the unit for allowing quotation low as far as possible preferentially generates electricity.
Thus easily cause the unit for offering low institute connecting lines to undertake a large amount of loads, when it reaches the capacity of trunk upper limit, just generates
Obstruction.At this point, dispatcher should take measures, such as adjustment power output plan disconnects overload route or cut-out load with true
Insurance system safe operation, thus the variation of caused cost of electricity-generating is Congestion Relief Cost.
With the complication of market mode, the Marginal Pricing that economizes on electricity becomes the primary method of congestion management, it can be comprehensive
Embody influence of the network constraint to node marginal cost.The Congestion Relief Cost calculation formula indicated with node electricity price it is as follows (with
For Electricity pool mode).
Wherein, NloadIndicate the number of load；NgenIndicate the number of generating set；PvAnd qvRespectively indicate load bus v
Power and electricity price；PwAnd qwRespectively indicate the power and electricity price of power generation node w.
It should be noted that more prescribing a time limit in the actual motion of power grid when there is line power, short-term processing method is
Dispatcher issues the power output of order adjustment generating set, is not able to satisfy system safe and reliable operation still if being adjusted, just only
Can cutting load by force, to control the power for flowing through route.As the important component of ancillary service, interruptible load passes through electricity
The form that net company and user are signed a contract participates in spinning reserve capacity market.When Generation Side spinning reserve capacity is lower than certain
When horizontal, that is, the interruptible load in signing a contract is cut off, alleviates the power output pressure of Generation Side spinning reserve, improve systematic electricity
Abundant intensity increases participation of the user in electricity market.
When interruptible load participates in spare capacity market, the linear phase of significance level of load cost and load is lost
It closes, different grades of interruptible load cost of compensation has certain difference.Dispatcher can be negative according to making up price and interruption
The product of lotus formulates decision with totle drilling cost least principle.The mistake load cost of certain period can be calculated with following formula.
Wherein, DcThe mistake load cost of interruptible load is cut off for the period；NcIndicate the user of participation interruptible load
Number；rjAnd PcjRespectively indicate the unit price and power of removed user j.
Using coal consumption cost, lose the sum of load cost and pollution processing cost etc. minimum as the optimization aim of system, about
Beam condition includes: active and reactive power equilibrium constraint, unit output limitation, unit climbing limit, cuts upper load limit, node electricity
Capacity of trunk constraint etc. under pressure limitation and DC power flow, establishes the dynamic power flow model of electric system economic load dispatching a few days ago, as follows
Shown in formula.
Wherein, m is interstitial content；Number of segment when T is total；ai、biAnd ciFor the coal consumption cost coefficient of unit；kiAt pollution
Manage cost coefficient；riTo lose load cost linear function coefficient；Pgi、QgiFor the active and reactive power output of generating set i；Pdi、Qdi
For the active and reactive load of node i；Pij、QijFor route lijThe active and reactive power of upper circulation；Pci、QciFor in node i
Active and reactive mistake load；PgimaxAnd PgiminFor the upper and lower limit of generator i active power output；QgimaxAnd QgiminFor generator i without
The upper and lower limit of function power output；riFor the creep speed of unit i；VimaxAnd ViminFor the voltage magnitude limit value of node i；SlimaxWith
SliminFor the trend apparent energy limit value for flowing through route l-i.Interruptible load is cut down by the principle of constant power factor.
The economic meanings of deploying node refer to: under current system operating status, one unit of certain node increase is active,
The minimum power purchase expense for maintaining system safety operation to need.Under the settlement mode of node electricity price, electricity power enterprise and load side point
It is not struck a bargain with the LMP of respectively place node.The costs such as Congested espense and via net loss are also converted in LMP, therefore LMP is in
Existing differentiation, can embody the rare situation of system resource.
For the real-time calculating and power scheduling demand for meeting market environment lower node electricity price, the present invention is using in path trace
Point method solves above-mentioned formula, realizes LMP and the linkage of optimal load flow computationally.The essence of interior point method is Newton method, Lagrange
The combination of function and logarithm barrier function three.Using the inequality constraints in logarithm barrier function processing model, glug is bright
Day, function handled equality constraint therein, and Newton method is used to solve update equation formula.Its advantage is that: to initial point no requirement (NR), convergence
Speed is fast, insensitive to system scale, therefore can be used for the solution of large-scale nonlinear constrained minimization problem.It is active in above-mentioned formula
There is identical economics to contain with Lagrange multiplier corresponding to reactive power equilibrium equation and active and reactive node electricity price
Justice is referred to as " shadow price " in finance, and it is abundant that it comprises the cost of electricity-generating of system, via net loss and backlogs etc.
Information has more advantage compared to other algorithms.The deploying node calculation formula at certain moment is as follows.
Li=λ-∑ Aim*Plm+λ(Fi-1)
Wherein, LiIndicate the Marginal Pricing of node i；The reference electricity price of λ expression balance nodes；AimIndicate node i about line
The transfer factor of road m；PlmIndicate the shadow price of route m；FiIndicate loss penalty factor of the node i about balance nodes.
Preferably, the predetermined amount of time is one day, January, the first quarter, 1 year one or more.But not limited to this.
Third aspect present invention also proposes a kind of computer readable storage medium, wraps in the computer readable storage medium
A kind of power grid risk assessment method program is included, when the power grid risk assessment method program is executed by processor, is realized as above-mentioned
A kind of power grid risk assessment method the step of.
Technical solution in order to preferably explain the present invention will be described in detail below by an embodiment.
As shown in figure 3, the high risk N-2 failure operation scene of multiple simulation system, establishes meter and the optimal electricity for losing load
Net dynamic power flow model.It seeks LMP and loses load capacity, so that calculating that mistake load cost and Congestion Relief Cost of power grid etc. are single can
By property index, two kinds of indexs under certain day power grid m kind method of operation are counted, to assess Operation of Electric Systems risk water
It is flat.Shown in realizing that steps are as follows.
Step 1, the primitive network parameter of system, essential information and system N-2 the line fault operation of generating set are read
Mode set；
Step 2, power grid dynamic economic dispatch model is solved using path trace interior-point algohnhm, obtains the limit electricity of each node
Valence determines optimal mistake load when trend does not restrain；
Step 3, it calculates the Network congestion cost under the m kind method of operation and loses the Risk Evaluation Factors such as load cost；
Step 4, time span is selected as one day, acquires the expense day maximin and average under method of operation set
Value, the assessment of complete paired systems operation risk.
By taking IEEE118 node system as an example, which has 54 generators, and node 69 is balance nodes.In path trace
The centripetal parameter of point method takes 0.05, and the initial value of slack variable takes 1, dual variable initial value z that 1, w is taken to take -1.Generated power
The average value of power output and idle power output initial value capping and lower limit, node voltage amplitude initially take 1, and phase angle initially takes 0.Using
The load data of certain city in monthly, 1 on the same day, emulates m kind N-2 line fault situation, and statistics obtains each method of operation
Under per day expense, analysis system operation risk.
Normally with the LMP and single index analysis under failure operation state, two kinds of typical operation modes are considered first: normal
Operating status and preceding two lines road situation out of service calculate separately corresponding LMP, the deploying node of certain period is as schemed
Shown in 4.
As shown in Figure 4, under different operating statuses, deploying node can have greatly changed.Normal operating mode
Lower network is there is no obstruction, and other than the electricity price of a small number of nodes is relatively low, other node electricity prices are basically stable at 8 or so.Route
After 1-3,4-5,3-5 and 5-6 are disconnected, the electricity price of most of node is raised, at the route for disconnection of especially breaking down
Node electricity price increase rate it is larger, be up to 11 or so.System average electricity price compared to increased under normal condition,
Block because line fault results in All other routes, generated output is redistributed, and the power generation bidded from height is needed
Factory obtains the electric power of a part of high electricity price.The electric power for needing to redistribute is more, and system operation cost improves, and node electricity price is also
It is higher.In addition, multi-line power transmission constrains so that power transmission is passed through using the big route of loss, therefore system average electricity price liter
It is high.
In addition, trend is redistributed so that via net loss increases, and obstruction takes after failure is cut-off on phyletic line road
With also never failure when 376.1 yuan increase to 980.4 yuan, and Congested espense shares the distribution for having lain in node electricity price
On.Therefore, Congested espense and system average electricity price variation tendency having the same.At noon 12 of load peak period, it is
The electricity price of system is increased substantially than low-valley interval, and the power grid under failure operation state occurs cutting load caused by generation deficiency
Situation is 18750.4 yuan to the compensatory payments expense of user after being cut down according to optimal cutting load principle.
The statistical indicator of power networks risk is analyzed, and the power grid day under certain N-2 failure operation mode is lost load and is taken
With and Congested espense maximin that table is made is as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1
| Lose load expense/member | Congested espense/member | |
| Maximum value | 31075.7 | 3213.5 |
| Minimum value | 0 | 50.67 |
As shown in Table 1, mistake load expense maximum value of the power grid under N-2 failure operation state is than blocking expensive obtain
It is more.This is because the economic compensation that Power Enterprise interruptible load is paid is usually great number, it considers user's
The factors such as electricity consumption benefit and power-cut wish.By interrupt unit load, it can achieve peak clipping and stablize the effect of electricity price.Lose load
The minimum value of expense is zero, this is because power generation can be fully met needed for user in the load valley period, it is not necessary to carry out load and cut
Subtract.
Using the load data of certain city in monthly, 1 on the same day, 20 kinds of N-2 line fault situations are emulated, are counted
Per day expense under to each method of operation is illustrated in fig. 5 shown below.As shown in Figure 5, Congested espense has similar to mistake load expense
Variation tendency.This is because line disconnection failure is more serious, caused system congestion degree is bigger.System is more blocked, just
More Power Generation is interfered freely to power to each load bus, therefore, the interruptible load resection that correspondingly may cause also is got over
It is more.The two has similar positively related relationship.
For system be averaged LMP analysis, the diurnal variation curve of drawing system average electricity price, as shown in Figure 6.Node limit electricity
Valence is all taken into account coal consumption cost and Congested espense, has high similitude with Congested espense variation tendency.Participant in the market
There is sensibility to electricity price, face high electricity price, user, which will take, to be reduced load or stop the measures such as electricity consumption, is reached and is alleviated network resistance
The purpose of plug reduces system operation risk.When node electricity price is lower, illustrate that the electricity power enterprise of the near nodal has abundance
Low price electric energy, to attract more users.Therefore, real time node electricity price has automatic regulating system load and stablizes the work of electricity price
With.
The degree of scarcity that clearing are able to reflect electric power resource is carried out using the method for deploying node, improves electric power resource
Service efficiency, also can provide foundation for sharing for Web-based exercise, be one and reasonable measure and adjustment electric power resource utilizes effect
The electric energy valuation model of benefit peomotes stability of power market development.
The present invention considers to embody the Congestion Relief Cost of network risks and embodies the mistake load cost of user's power loss risk, from two
Aspect constructs system operation risk assessment system, and introduces deploying node and calculate to carry out congestion management and index.Base
The dynamic economic dispatch model comprising optimal load curtailment is established in DC power flow, by a large amount of high risk operation troubles scenes
It is emulated, has obtained system risk change curve.It is emulated by the example to IEEE118 node system, it was demonstrated that this
The correctness and validity of invention appraisal procedure.For the risk analysis comprising more fault conditions and for power grid weakness ring
The assessment of section can more reflect the variation of Congested espense, while totally can preferably be assessed system.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed device and method can pass through it
Its mode is realized.Apparatus embodiments described above are merely indicative, for example, the division of the unit, only
A kind of logical function partition, there may be another division manner in actual implementation, such as: multiple units or components can combine, or
It is desirably integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.In addition, shown or discussed each composition portion
Mutual coupling or direct-coupling or communication connection is divided to can be through some interfaces, the INDIRECT COUPLING of equipment or unit
Or communication connection, it can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
Above-mentioned unit as illustrated by the separation member, which can be or may not be, to be physically separated, aobvious as unit
The component shown can be or may not be physical unit；Both it can be located in one place, and may be distributed over multiple network lists
In member；Some or all of units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment according to the actual needs.
In addition, each functional unit in various embodiments of the present invention can be fully integrated in one processing unit, it can also
To be each unit individually as a unit, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units；It is above-mentioned
Integrated unit both can take the form of hardware realization, can also realize in the form of hardware adds SFU software functional unit.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: realize that all or part of the steps of above method embodiment can pass through
The relevant hardware of program instruction is completed, and program above-mentioned can store in computer-readable storage medium, which exists
When execution, step including the steps of the foregoing method embodiments is executed；And storage medium above-mentioned includes: movable storage device, read-only deposits
Reservoir (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or
The various media that can store program code such as CD.
If alternatively, the above-mentioned integrated unit of the present invention is realized in the form of software function module and as independent product
When selling or using, it also can store in a computer readable storage medium.Based on this understanding, the present invention is implemented
Substantially the part that contributes to existing technology can be embodied in the form of software products the technical solution of example in other words,
The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used so that computer equipment (can be with
It is personal computer, server or network equipment etc.) execute all or part of each embodiment the method for the present invention.
And storage medium above-mentioned includes: that movable storage device, ROM, RAM, magnetic or disk etc. are various can store program code
Medium.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of power grid risk assessment method characterized by comprising
Read primitive network parameter, the essential information of generating set and the line fault operation side of the composite power systems of power grid
Formula set；
Power grid dynamic economic dispatch model is solved using path trace interior-point algohnhm, obtains the Marginal Pricing of each node；
It calculates the Network congestion cost under the m kind method of operation and loses the Risk Evaluation Factors of load cost；
Within a predetermined period of time, expense maximum value, minimum value and the average value under method of operation set are acquired, is completed to described
The assessment of composite power systems operation risk.
2. a kind of power grid risk assessment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that use path trace interior-point algohnhm
Power grid dynamic economic dispatch model is solved, obtains the Marginal Pricing of each node, specifically further include:
When trend does not restrain, optimal mistake load is determined.
3. a kind of power grid risk assessment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the calculating of the Congestion Relief Cost is public
Formula are as follows:Wherein, NloadIndicate the number of load；NgenIndicate hair
The number of motor group；PvAnd qvRespectively indicate the power and electricity price of load bus v；PwAnd qwRespectively indicate the power of power generation node w
And electricity price.
4. a kind of power grid risk assessment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mistake load in preset time period
The calculation formula of cost are as follows:Wherein, DcThe mistake load cost of interruptible load is cut off for the period；
NcIndicate the number of users of participation interruptible load；rjAnd PcjRespectively indicate the unit price and power of removed user j.
5. a kind of power grid risk assessment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the meter of the Marginal Pricing of each node
Calculate formula are as follows: Li=λ-∑ Aim*Plm+λ(Fi- 1), wherein LiIndicate the Marginal Pricing of node i；The reference of λ expression balance nodes
Electricity price；AimIndicate transfer factor of the node i about route m；PlmIndicate the shadow price of route m；FiIndicate node i about balance
The loss penalty factor of node.
6. according to claim 1 to a kind of power grid risk assessment method described in 5 any one, which is characterized in that described predetermined
Period is one day, January, the first quarter, 1 year one or more.
7. a kind of power grid risk assessment system, which is characterized in that the power grid risk assessment system includes: memory and processing
Device includes a kind of power grid risk assessment method program in the memory, and the power grid risk assessment method program is by the place
Reason device realizes following steps when executing:
Read primitive network parameter, the essential information of generating set and the line fault operation side of the composite power systems of power grid
Formula set；
Power grid dynamic economic dispatch model is solved using path trace interior-point algohnhm, obtains the Marginal Pricing of each node；
It calculates the Network congestion cost under the m kind method of operation and loses the Risk Evaluation Factors of load cost；
Within a predetermined period of time, expense maximum value, minimum value and the average value under method of operation set are acquired, is completed to described
The assessment of composite power systems operation risk.
8. a kind of power grid risk assessment system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the calculating of the Congestion Relief Cost is public
Formula are as follows:Wherein, NloadIndicate the number of load；NgenIndicate hair
The number of motor group；PvAnd qvRespectively indicate the power and electricity price of load bus v；PwAnd qwRespectively indicate the power of power generation node w
And electricity price.
9. a kind of power grid risk assessment system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the mistake load in preset time period
The calculation formula of cost are as follows:Wherein, DcThe mistake load cost of interruptible load is cut off for the period；
NcIndicate the number of users of participation interruptible load；rjAnd PcjRespectively indicate the unit price and power of removed user j.
10. a kind of computer readable storage medium, which is characterized in that include a kind of power grid in the computer readable storage medium
Methods of risk assessment program when the power grid risk assessment method program is executed by processor, is realized as in claim 1 to 6
The step of a kind of described in any item power grid risk assessment methods.
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