CN110344840B - External water circulation system with automatic control for TBM and external water circulation method - Google Patents
External water circulation system with automatic control for TBM and external water circulation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110344840B CN110344840B CN201910757529.0A CN201910757529A CN110344840B CN 110344840 B CN110344840 B CN 110344840B CN 201910757529 A CN201910757529 A CN 201910757529A CN 110344840 B CN110344840 B CN 110344840B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 450
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000022971 Tuberculous meningitis Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 208000001223 meningeal tuberculosis Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D1/00—Devices using naturally cold air or cold water
- F25D1/02—Devices using naturally cold air or cold water using naturally cold water, e.g. household tap water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/02—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an external water circulation system with automatic control for TBM and an external water circulation method, which solve the problems of difficult control of internal water temperature, large external water pressure drop and difficult water return in the prior art. The invention comprises a cooler, wherein the cooler is connected with an external circulating water inlet system and an external circulating water outlet system, and the cooler is respectively connected with an internal circulating water inlet pipe and an internal circulating water outlet pipe. The invention can be used for external water circulation under different working conditions such as a short-distance tunnel, a long-distance tunnel and the like, and the tunnel distance is short, and water is directly returned through the water outlet main pipeline; when the tunnel distance is long, water is buffered by adopting the warm water tank, so that the problems of large external water pressure drop and difficult water return under the working condition of the long-distance tunnel are effectively solved. The invention is used for adjusting the flow of the external water passing through the cooler through the first manual gate valve, so as to control the temperature of the internal water, and is convenient and easy to implement and control, and effectively solves the problem that the temperature of the internal water is not easy to control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to an external water circulation system with automatic control for TBM and an external water circulation method.
Background
Along with the social development needs and development of development machines, the development diameter of the development machine gradually develops to two directions of a large diameter and a small diameter, the TBM of the hard rock development machine is generally developed in a long distance, the development length reaches several kilometers or even tens kilometers, and a large amount of water is needed in the development process and is mainly used for cooling. The existing TBM cooling mode generally cools an inner water system through an outer water system, outer water is directly provided outside a hole, the inner water system is a closed system, and the outer water system is an open system. For long distance TBM, the external water system has the following problems: 1. the temperature of the internal water is not easy to control; 2. the problem of large pressure drop and difficult water return of external water is solved. For large-diameter TBM, the problem is generally solved by adding a cold water tank, and external water only enters water without backwater, so that when the temperature of the water tank is high, the water tank is directly discharged, and water resources are wasted. For small diameter TBMs, however, space is limited and the cold water tank is not located there, increasing the trailer length, i.e., increasing cost, if the cold water is added. In the prior art, an effective mode is not available for simultaneously solving the problems, so that the construction efficiency of the TBM is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides an external water circulation system with automatic control for TBM and an external water circulation method, which solve the problems of difficult control of internal water temperature, large external water pressure drop and difficult water return in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the external water circulation system with the automatic control for the TBM comprises a cooler, wherein an external circulating water inlet system and an external circulating water outlet system are connected to the cooler, and the cooler is respectively connected with an internal circulating water inlet pipe and an internal circulating water outlet pipe.
The external circulating water inlet system comprises a water inlet main pipeline, wherein the water inlet main pipeline is connected in series with a flowmeter, a pressure sensor, a filter and a temperature sensor, the water inlet main pipeline is connected in parallel with a refrigerating pipeline, and a refrigerating assembly is arranged on the refrigerating pipeline.
The water inlet main pipe is provided with a first pneumatic ball valve, the refrigerating pipe is provided with a second pneumatic ball valve, and the first pneumatic ball valve and the second pneumatic ball valve are arranged in parallel; the filter is positioned on the water inlet pipeline of the refrigeration pipeline, and the temperature sensor is positioned on the water outlet pipeline of the refrigeration pipeline.
The pressure sensor comprises a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor and a third pressure sensor, wherein the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are respectively positioned at two sides of the filter, and the third pressure sensor is positioned at one side of the temperature sensor.
The external circulation water outlet system comprises a water outlet main pipeline, a fourth pressure sensor, a third pneumatic ball valve, a first check valve and a first manual gate valve are sequentially arranged on the water outlet main pipeline along the water outlet direction, a warm water tank is arranged between the third pneumatic ball valve and the first manual gate valve in parallel, a fourth pneumatic ball valve is arranged on a water inlet pipeline of the warm water tank, and a first water outlet system and a second water outlet system are arranged on the warm water tank in parallel.
The water outlet main pipeline is connected with the water inlet main pipeline through a first manual gate valve, and the first manual gate valve is positioned between the fourth pressure sensor and the third pneumatic ball valve; and a liquid level sensor and a fifth manual ball valve are arranged on the warm water tank.
The first water outlet system comprises a first water outlet pipeline, the first water outlet pipeline is communicated to the cutterhead water spraying pipeline, a first manual ball valve, a booster pump, a pressure gauge and a second one-way valve are sequentially arranged on the first water outlet pipeline along the water outlet direction, and a second manual gate valve is arranged on the first water outlet pipeline in parallel.
The second water outlet system comprises a second water outlet pipeline, the second water outlet pipeline is communicated to a water outlet main pipeline, a second manual ball valve, a water return pump, a pressure gauge and a third one-way valve are sequentially arranged on the second water outlet pipeline along the water outlet direction, a water return pipeline is arranged on the water outlet main pipeline, the water return pipeline is communicated with the second water outlet pipeline, and the water return pipeline is communicated to the cutterhead water spraying pipeline.
The water return pipeline is sequentially provided with a fourth one-way valve, a third manual ball valve and a fourth manual ball valve along the water outlet direction, and the fourth manual ball valve is communicated with the cleaning pipeline.
An external water circulation method for a TBM with an automatically controlled external water circulation system comprises the following steps:
s1: when the tunnel distance is short, the flow of the flowmeter is large, and the backwater distance does not exceed the maximum lift of the external water pump: the external water enters a cooler through a water inlet main pipeline to exchange heat with the internal circulating water, a third pneumatic ball valve and a first manual gate valve are opened, a water return pump and the third manual ball valve are closed, and the external water is directly returned under the action of the external water pump;
s2: when the tunnel distance is longer, the flow of the flowmeter is smaller, and the return water distance exceeds the maximum lift of the external water pump, external water enters the cooler through the water inlet main pipeline to exchange heat with internal circulating water, the fourth pneumatic ball valve, the second manual ball valve, the water return pump and the first manual gate valve are opened, the third pneumatic ball valve and the third manual ball valve are closed, the flow of the water return pump is adjusted to achieve flow matching of the water return pump and the external water pump, and the external water flows back through the warm water tank under the action of the water return pump and the external water pump.
In the step S1 and the step S2, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the external water is higher or the temperature of the external water cannot meet the requirement, the first pneumatic ball valve is closed, the second pneumatic ball valve is opened, and the external water enters the cooler to cool the internal water after being cooled by the refrigerating unit.
In the step S1 and the step S2, when the internal water temperature sensor detects that the internal water temperature is lower, a first manual gate valve is opened, a part of water in the water main pipeline flows into the water outlet main pipeline, the flow rate of external water entering the cooler is reduced, and the heat exchange between the external water and the internal water is reduced; when the internal water thermometer detects that the internal water temperature is higher, the first manual gate valve is closed, all external water in the water main pipeline enters the cooler, the flow rate of the external water entering the cooler is increased, the heat exchange between the external water and the internal water is increased, and then the internal water temperature is adjusted.
The water spraying to the cutterhead in the steps S1 and S2 comprises the following steps:
s1.1: under normal conditions, when water needs to be sprayed to the cutterhead, a first manual ball valve and a booster pump are opened, and water in a warm water tank enters a water spraying pipeline of the cutterhead through a first water outlet pipeline;
s1.2: when the booster pump breaks down, the third manual ball valve, the water return pump and the second manual ball valve are opened, the outlet pressure of the water return pump is adjusted by adjusting the first manual gate valve, and water in the warm water tank enters the cutterhead water spraying pipeline through the second water outlet pipeline and the water return pipeline.
The invention can be used for external water circulation under different working conditions such as a short-distance tunnel, a long-distance tunnel and the like, and the tunnel distance is short, and water is directly returned through the water outlet main pipeline; when the tunnel distance is long, water is buffered by adopting the warm water tank, namely, water is returned through the combined action of the water return pump and the outer water pump, so that the problem that the outer water pressure is reduced greatly and the water return is difficult under the working condition of the long-distance tunnel is effectively solved. The invention adjusts the flow of the external water passing through the cooler through the first manual gate valve, thereby controlling the temperature of the internal water, namely controlling the cooling temperature of the internal water by the amount of the external water entering the cooler, being convenient and easy to implement and convenient to control, and effectively solving the problem that the temperature of the internal water is not easy to control. The invention has ingenious design, high safety coefficient of the whole system, easy control and operation, is a great innovation of external water circulation in tunnel construction, and has higher popularization value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in embodiment 1, an external water circulation system with automatic control for a TBM includes a cooler 31, an external circulating water inlet system and an external circulating water outlet system are connected to the cooler 31, and the cooler 31 is connected to an internal circulating water inlet pipe 32 and an internal circulating water outlet pipe 33, respectively. The external water enters the cooler through the external circulating water inlet system, the internal water enters the cooler through the internal circulating water inlet pipe 32, the external water and the internal water exchange heat in the cooler, the temperature of the internal water is controlled through the water inlet quantity, then the cooled internal water is led out through the internal circulating water outlet pipe 33, and the external water in the cooler is led out through the external circulating water outlet system for circulation.
Further, the external circulating water inlet system comprises a water inlet main pipeline 34, a flowmeter 1, a pressure sensor, a filter 3 and a temperature sensor 7 are arranged on the water inlet main pipeline 34 in series, the flowmeter 1 can monitor external water flow in real time, the external water pump is ensured to work within a normal lift, and the liquid level of the warm water tank is ensured to be above an alarm liquid level. The pressure sensor is used for monitoring the pressure of the water inside and outside the pipeline, the filter 3 is used for filtering the external water, and the temperature sensor 7 is used for monitoring the temperature of the external water. The main water inlet pipeline 34 is provided with a refrigerating pipeline 35 in parallel, the refrigerating pipeline 35 is provided with a refrigerating assembly 6, and the refrigerating unit 6 is used for cooling external water.
Further, a first pneumatic ball valve 9 is arranged on the water inlet main pipeline 34, a second pneumatic ball valve 5 is arranged on the refrigerating pipeline 35, and the first pneumatic ball valve 9 and the second pneumatic ball valve 5 are arranged in parallel; the first pneumatic ball valve 9 and the second pneumatic ball valve 5 are used for controlling whether the external water passes through the refrigerating unit, the first pneumatic ball valve 9 is opened, the second pneumatic ball valve 5 is closed, and the external water does not pass through the cooling assembly; the first pneumatic ball valve 9 is closed, the second pneumatic ball valve 5 is opened, and the external water passes through the cooling assembly. The filter 3 is positioned on the water inlet pipeline of the refrigeration pipeline 35, and the temperature sensor 7 is positioned on the water outlet pipeline of the refrigeration pipeline 35. The pressure sensor comprises a first pressure sensor 2, a second pressure sensor 4 and a third pressure sensor 8, wherein the first pressure sensor 2 and the second pressure sensor 4 are respectively positioned at two sides of the filter 3 and used for monitoring the pressure difference between an inlet and an outlet of the filter 3, and when the pressure difference exceeds a set value, the system can give an alarm to display that the filter 3 is blocked. The third pressure sensor 8 is located at one side of the temperature sensor 7 and is used for monitoring the pressure of the water inlet pipe of the cooler, the temperature sensor 7 is matched with the fourth pressure sensor 10 to monitor the pressure of the water inlet and outlet outside the cooler 31, and when the pressure difference between the two pressure sensors exceeds a set value, the system can give an alarm to display that the cooler 31 is blocked.
Embodiment 2, a TBM is with outer water circulation system with automatic control, outer circulating water goes out water system and includes water outlet main line 36, is equipped with fourth pressure sensor 10, third pneumatic ball valve 12, first check valve 13 and first manual gate valve 14 on the water outlet main line 36 along the play water direction in proper order, and fourth pressure sensor 10 and third pressure sensor 8 are located the both sides of cooler respectively, are used for monitoring the pressure of the outer water inlet and outlet of cooler 31, and when both pressure differences exceeded the setting value, the system can report to the police, shows that cooler 31 blocks up. A warm water tank 16 is arranged in parallel between the third pneumatic ball valve 12 and the first manual gate valve 14, a fourth pneumatic ball valve 15 is arranged on a water inlet pipe of the warm water tank 16, and whether water enters the warm water tank or not is realized through opening and closing the fourth pneumatic ball valve 15. The warm water tank 16 is provided with a first water outlet system and a second water outlet system in parallel, wherein the first water outlet system is used for spraying water to the cutterhead, and the second water outlet system is used for spraying water to the cutterhead when the first water outlet system fails and is used for long-distance external water circulation.
Further, the water outlet main pipeline 36 is connected with the water inlet main pipeline 34 through a first manual gate valve 11, and the first manual gate valve 11 is positioned between the fourth pressure sensor 10 and the third pneumatic ball valve 12; the first manual gate valve 11 is used to adjust the flow rate of the external water through the cooler 31, thereby controlling the internal water temperature. When the temperature of the internal water is high, the first manual gate valve 11 is closed, all external water passes through the cooler 31 to cool the internal water, and when the temperature of the internal water is low, the first manual gate valve 11 is opened for a certain opening, so that the flow rate of the external water passing through the cooler 31 is reduced; the cooling temperature of the inner water is controlled by the water quantity of the outer water entering the cooler, so that the method is convenient and easy to implement and convenient to control. The warm water tank 16 is provided with a liquid level sensor 22 and a fifth manual ball valve 27; the liquid level sensor is used for monitoring the liquid level of the warm water tank 22, when the water level in the warm water tank 22 is below the alarm liquid level, the fourth pneumatic ball valve 15 is opened, and external water enters the warm water tank 22; when the water level in the warm water tank 22 is above the alarm level, the fourth pneumatic ball valve 15 is closed and external water does not enter the warm water tank 22 any more.
Further, the first water outlet system comprises a first water outlet pipeline 37, the first water outlet pipeline 37 is communicated to the cutterhead water spraying pipeline, a first manual ball valve 26, a booster pump 25, a pressure gauge 23 and a second one-way valve 24 are sequentially arranged on the first water outlet pipeline 37 along the water outlet direction, the first manual ball valve 26 is used for opening and closing the on-off of the first water outlet pipeline, the booster pump 25 is used for pressurizing water of the warm water tank and then conveying the pressurized water to the cutterhead water spraying pipeline and the cleaning water pipeline through the second one-way valve 24, so that the secondary utilization of external water is realized, and waste is reduced. The first water outlet pipeline 37 is connected in parallel with a second manual gate valve 21, and the second manual gate valve 21 is used for adjusting the outlet pressure of the booster pump 25. The second water outlet system comprises a second water outlet pipeline 38, and the second water outlet pipeline 38 is communicated with the water outlet main pipeline 36 and can be used for long-distance external water circulation. The second manual ball valve 17, the water return pump 18, the pressure gauge 19 and the third one-way valve 20 are sequentially arranged on the second water outlet pipeline 38 along the water outlet direction, the water return pump 18 is changed into a variable-frequency water pump, on one hand, the water return pump is used for returning water, and on the other hand, when the booster pump 25 fails, the third manual ball valve 29 is closed, so that the system can be used for flushing the booster pump, and the normal operation of the system is ensured. The water outlet main pipeline 36 is provided with a water return pipeline 39, the water return pipeline 39 is communicated with the second water outlet pipeline 38 through the water outlet main pipeline, the water return pipeline 39 is communicated to the cutterhead water spraying pipeline, the water return pipeline 39 is sequentially provided with a fourth one-way valve 30, a third manual ball valve 29 and a fourth manual ball valve 28 along the water outlet direction, the fourth manual ball valve 28 is communicated with the cleaning pipeline, when the booster pump 25 breaks down, the third manual ball valve 29 is opened, water of the warm water tank is pressurized and then is sent to the cutterhead water spraying and cleaning pipeline, so that the secondary utilization of external water is realized, and the waste is reduced.
Example 3 as shown in fig. 1, an external water circulation method for TBM with an automatically controlled external water circulation system includes the steps of:
s1: when the tunnel distance is short, the flow of the flowmeter 1 is larger, and the backwater distance does not exceed the maximum lift of the external water pump: the external water enters the cooler 31 through the water inlet main pipeline 34 to exchange heat with the internal circulating water, the third pneumatic ball valve 12 and the first manual gate valve 14 are opened, the water return pump 18 and the third manual ball valve 29 are closed, and the external water is directly returned under the action of the external water pump;
s2: when the tunnel distance is longer, the flow of the flowmeter 1 is smaller, and the backwater distance exceeds the maximum lift of the external water pump, external water enters the cooler 31 through the main water inlet pipeline 34 to exchange heat with internal circulating water, the fourth pneumatic ball valve 15, the second manual ball valve 17, the backwater pump 18 and the first manual gate valve 14 are opened, the third pneumatic ball valve 12 and the third manual ball valve 29 are closed, the flow of the backwater pump 18 is adjusted to achieve flow matching of the backwater pump 18 and the external water pump, and the external water flows back through the warm water tank under the action of the backwater pump 18 and the external water pump.
In step S1 and step S2, when the internal water temperature sensor detects that the internal water temperature is low, the first manual gate valve 11 is opened, a part of the water in the water main pipeline 34 flows into the water outlet main pipeline 34, the flow rate of the external water entering the cooler 34 is reduced, and the heat exchange between the external water and the internal water is reduced; when the internal water thermometer detects that the internal water temperature is higher, the first manual gate valve 11 is closed, all external water in the water main pipeline 34 enters the cooler 34, the flow rate of the external water entering the cooler 34 is increased, the heat exchange between the external water and the internal water is increased, and then the internal water temperature is adjusted. The internal water temperature sensor is basically configured on the internal water circulation system and is the same as the arrangement in the prior art.
In step S1 and step S2, when the flowmeter 1 detects that the amount of water in the water inlet main pipe 34 is large, the first manual gate valve 11 is opened, a part of water in the water main pipe 34 flows into the water outlet main pipe 34, and the flow rate of the external water passing through the cooler 34 is adjusted, so that the temperature of the internal water is adjusted. The flow rate of the external water passing through the cooler 31 can be controlled by controlling the first manual gate valve 11, so that the temperature of the internal water is regulated, and when the temperature of the internal water is low, the manual gate valve 11 is opened; on the contrary, the opening is small.
The water spraying to the cutterhead in the steps S1 and S2 comprises the following steps:
s1.1: normally, when water needs to be sprayed to the cutterhead, the first manual ball valve 26 and the booster pump 25 are opened, and water in the warm water tank 16 enters the cutterhead water spraying pipeline through the first water outlet pipeline 37;
s1.2: when the booster pump 25 fails, the third manual ball valve 29, the water return pump 18 and the second manual ball valve 17 are opened, the outlet pressure of the water return pump 18 is regulated by regulating the first manual gate valve 14, and water in the warm water tank 16 enters the cutterhead water injection pipeline through the second water outlet pipeline 38 and the water return pipeline 39.
Other structures are the same as those of embodiment 2.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An external water circulation system with automatic control for TBM, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a cooler (31), wherein an external circulating water inlet system and an external circulating water outlet system are connected to the cooler (31), and the cooler (31) is respectively connected with an internal circulating water inlet pipe (32) and an internal circulating water outlet pipe (33);
the external circulation water outlet system comprises a water outlet main pipeline (36), a fourth pressure sensor (10), a third pneumatic ball valve (12), a first one-way valve (13) and a first manual gate valve (14) are sequentially arranged on the water outlet main pipeline (36) along the water outlet direction, a warm water tank (16) is connected in parallel between the third pneumatic ball valve (12) and the first manual gate valve (14), a fourth pneumatic ball valve (15) is arranged on a water inlet pipeline of the warm water tank (16), and a first water outlet system and a second water outlet system are connected in parallel on the warm water tank (16);
the first water outlet system comprises a first water outlet pipeline (37), the first water outlet pipeline (37) is communicated to the cutterhead water spraying pipeline, a first manual ball valve (26), a booster pump (25), a pressure gauge (23) and a second one-way valve (24) are sequentially arranged on the first water outlet pipeline (37) along the water outlet direction, and a second manual gate valve (21) is arranged on the first water outlet pipeline (37) in parallel;
the second water outlet system comprises a second water outlet pipeline (38), the second water outlet pipeline (38) is communicated to a water outlet main pipeline (36), a second manual ball valve (17), a water return pump (18), a pressure gauge (19) and a third one-way valve (20) are sequentially arranged on the second water outlet pipeline (38) along the water outlet direction, a water return pipeline (39) is arranged on the water outlet main pipeline (36), the water return pipeline (39) is communicated with the second water outlet pipeline (38), and the water return pipeline (39) is communicated to a cutterhead water spraying pipeline.
2. The external water circulation system with automatic control for TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that: the external circulating water inlet system comprises a water inlet main pipeline (34), wherein a flowmeter (1), a pressure sensor, a filter (3) and a temperature sensor (7) are arranged on the water inlet main pipeline (34) in series, a refrigerating pipeline (35) is arranged on the water inlet main pipeline (34) in parallel, and a refrigerating assembly (6) is arranged on the refrigerating pipeline (35).
3. The external water circulation system with automatic control for TBM according to claim 2, characterized in that: a first pneumatic ball valve (9) is arranged on the water inlet main pipeline (34), a second pneumatic ball valve (5) is arranged on the refrigerating pipeline (35), and the first pneumatic ball valve (9) and the second pneumatic ball valve (5) are arranged in parallel; the filter (3) is positioned on a water inlet pipeline of the refrigeration pipeline (35), and the temperature sensor (7) is positioned on a water outlet pipeline of the refrigeration pipeline (35).
4. A TBM external water circulation system with automatic control according to claim 3, characterized in that: the pressure sensor comprises a first pressure sensor (2), a second pressure sensor (4) and a third pressure sensor (8), wherein the first pressure sensor (2) and the second pressure sensor (4) are respectively positioned at two sides of the filter (3), and the third pressure sensor (8) is positioned at one side of the temperature sensor (7).
5. The external water circulation system with automatic control for TBM according to claim 4, characterized in that: the water outlet main pipeline (36) is connected with the water inlet main pipeline (34) through a first manual gate valve (11), and the first manual gate valve (11) is positioned between the fourth pressure sensor (10) and the third pneumatic ball valve (12); the warm water tank (16) is provided with a liquid level sensor (22) and a fifth manual ball valve (27).
6. The external water circulation system with automatic control for TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water return pipeline (39) is sequentially provided with a fourth one-way valve (30), a third manual ball valve (29) and a fourth manual ball valve (28) along the water outlet direction, and the fourth manual ball valve (28) is communicated with the cleaning pipeline.
7. A method of circulating external water for a TBM with an automatically controlled external water circulation system as claimed in claim 1 or 6, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: when the tunnel distance is short, the flow of the flowmeter (1) is larger, and the backwater distance does not exceed the maximum lift of the external water pump: the external water enters a cooler (31) through a water inlet main pipeline (34) to exchange heat with the internal circulating water, a third pneumatic ball valve (12) and a first manual gate valve (14) are opened, a water return pump (18) and a third manual ball valve (29) are closed, and the external water is directly returned under the action of the external water pump;
s2: when the tunnel distance is longer, the flow of the flowmeter (1) is smaller, and the backwater distance exceeds the maximum lift of the external water pump, external water enters the cooler (31) through the main water inlet pipeline (34) to exchange heat with internal circulating water, the fourth pneumatic ball valve (15), the second manual ball valve (17), the backwater pump (18) and the first manual gate valve (14) are opened, the third pneumatic ball valve (12) and the third manual ball valve (29) are closed, the flow of the backwater pump (18) is adjusted to achieve flow matching of the backwater pump (18) and the external water pump, and the external water is refluxed through the warm water tank under the action of the backwater pump (18) and the external water pump.
8. The method for circulating external water for a TBM with an automatically controlled external water circulation system according to claim 7, characterized by: in the step S1 and the step S2, when the temperature sensor (7) detects that the temperature of the external water is higher or the temperature of the external water cannot meet the requirement, the first pneumatic ball valve (9) is closed, the second pneumatic ball valve (5) is opened, and the external water enters the cooler (31) to cool the internal water after being cooled by the refrigerating unit (6).
9. The method for circulating external water for a TBM with an automatically controlled external water circulation system according to claim 8, characterized by: in the step S1 and the step S2, when the internal water temperature sensor detects that the internal water temperature is lower, the first manual gate valve (11) is opened, a part of water in the water main pipeline (34) flows into the water outlet main pipeline (34), the flow rate of external water entering the cooler (34) is reduced, and the heat exchange between the external water and the internal water is reduced; when the internal water thermometer detects that the internal water temperature is higher, the first manual gate valve (11) is closed, all external water in the water main pipeline (34) enters the cooler (34), the flow rate of the external water entering the cooler (34) is increased, the heat exchange between the external water and the internal water is increased, and then the internal water temperature is adjusted.
10. The method for circulating external water with an automatically controlled external water circulation system for a TBM according to any one of claims 8 to 9, characterized by: the water spraying to the cutterhead in the steps S1 and S2 comprises the following steps:
s1.1: under normal conditions, when water needs to be sprayed to the cutterhead, a first manual ball valve (26) and a booster pump (25) are opened, and water in a warm water tank (16) enters a cutterhead water spraying pipeline through a first water outlet pipeline (37);
s1.2: when the booster pump (25) breaks down, the third manual ball valve (29), the water return pump (18) and the second manual ball valve (17) are opened, the outlet pressure of the water return pump (18) is regulated by regulating the first manual gate valve (14), and water in the warm water tank (16) enters the cutterhead water injection pipeline through the second water outlet pipeline (38) and the water return pipeline (39).
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