CN110344451B - Test device and test method for simulating influence study of grouting reinforcement around pile on horizontal bearing characteristics of pile foundation - Google Patents
Test device and test method for simulating influence study of grouting reinforcement around pile on horizontal bearing characteristics of pile foundation Download PDFInfo
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- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a test device and a test method for simulating the influence study of grouting reinforcement around piles on the horizontal bearing characteristics of pile foundations. The test device comprises a model box, a loading motor, a round die, an air compressor and a slurry storage tank. The model box is formed by welding steel plates, sand is filled in the model box, and a soil pressure sensor is buried in the sand; the circular mold is made of aluminum alloy plate, and is placed at a design position; the slurry storage tank is filled with liquid cement soil which is uniformly stirred, the slurry injection pipe extends into a space between the circular mold in the model box and the model pile, and the slurry storage tank injects the liquid cement soil into the space through the slurry injection pipe; and after the cement soil is maintained to the design age, loading the model piles in the model boxes through a loading motor. The invention has reasonable structure and simple operation, can be used for researching the bearing performance of the enlarged head of the pile end of the static drilling root planting pile under different stress levels, and provides an effective means for researching the bearing performance of the enlarged head of the pile end of the static drilling root planting pile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test device for researching horizontal bearing performance of a pile foundation in the field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a test device and a test method for simulating the influence of grouting reinforcement around a pile on the horizontal bearing performance of a pile foundation, which can be used for researching the horizontal bearing characteristics of the pile foundation when the slurry strength of cement soil is different, the grouting pressure is different, and the diameter and the height of cement soil around the pile are different.
Background
Pile foundations are widely applied to projects such as high-rise buildings, high-speed railways, highways, large-span bridges and the like. In highway, railway and bridge engineering, the pile foundation is required to bear horizontal load in addition to vertical load. The deep soft clay layers are distributed in the southeast coastal areas of China, the soil engineering property is poor, and the exertion of the horizontal bearing performance of the pile foundation is limited. In recent years, some scholars and engineering technicians propose to improve the horizontal bearing characteristics of pile foundations by improving the strength of the shallow soil surrounding the pile foundations. At present, the study on the horizontal bearing characteristics of the pile foundation by the grouting reinforcement around the pile is less, and the experimental model and experimental study on the influence of the grouting reinforcement around the pile on the horizontal bearing characteristics of the pile foundation are not seen. Some field test results show that the horizontal bearing property of the pile foundation can be improved by constructing the cement-soil mixing pile around the pile foundation, but no systematic study is made on the influence of factors such as the strength of grouting body around the pile and the grouting range and depth around the pile on the horizontal bearing property of the pile foundation. Therefore, the method has very important significance on the influence of factors such as the strength, grouting reinforcement range, grouting reinforcement depth and the like of the pile periphery grouting body on the horizontal bearing of the pile foundation through a model test, and the research result can provide a theoretical basis for the pile periphery grouting reinforcement of the horizontal bearing pile foundation in actual engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a test device and a test method for simulating the influence study of grouting reinforcement around a pile on the horizontal bearing performance of a pile foundation, the device can be used for simulating the influence of different cement soil slurry strengths, different grouting pressures, different diameters of cement soil around the pile and the horizontal bearing characteristics of the pile foundation on the height of cement soil around the pile, and the device can better simulate the grouting process around the pile. The test result of the invention can provide theoretical basis for the design and construction of pile periphery grouting reinforcement of horizontal loaded pile foundation in actual engineering.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a test device for simulating the research of the influence of grouting reinforcement around piles on the horizontal bearing characteristics of pile foundations comprises a model box, a loading motor, a circular mold, an air compressor and a slurry storage tank;
the square model box is formed by welding steel plates, a steel support is welded at the bottom of the model box, and I-steel is welded on the side face of the square model box to increase the rigidity of the model box; a sand layer is filled in the model box; a model pile is arranged at the center of the model box; the circular mold is a hollow cylinder with a closed top, the top of the circular mold is provided with two round holes, one round hole is positioned in the center of the top, the diameter of the round hole is the same as that of the model pile, the model pile penetrates through the round hole, the top of the model pile is higher than that of the circular mold, and a gap between the model pile and the round hole is sealed; an inclinometer pipe is embedded in the sandy soil layer, a plurality of vertical rigid pipes are embedded in a sandy soil shallow layer which is smaller than 1.0m away from the top of the sandy soil layer, and a plurality of soil pressure sensors are fixed on the rigid pipes to measure horizontal soil pressure;
the bottom of the loading motor is vertically fixed on the side wall of the model box, and the lowest point of the loading motor is higher than the top of the circular die;
the slurry storage tank is provided with a pressure release valve, a pressure regulating switch and a slurry injection pipe; the grouting pipe penetrates through the other round hole at the top of the round die, the diameter of the grouting pipe is the same as that of the round hole, and a gap between the grouting pipe and the round hole is sealed; the slurry storage tank is filled with uniformly stirred liquid cement soil, and the slurry injection pipe is provided with a slurry injection valve; the end part of the grouting pipe is positioned in a space between the circular mould and the model pile and is used for injecting liquid cement soil into the space to form cement soil around the pile;
the air compressor is provided with a gas pipe, the gas pipe is connected with the slurry storage tank and used for enabling the slurry storage tank to reach a designed grouting pressure value, and the gas pipe is provided with a pressure gauge and a pressure regulating switch.
In the above technical scheme, further, the ratio of the bottom side length of the model box to the diameter of the circular mold is not less than 10.
Further, the ratio of the distance from the bottom of the model pile to the bottom of the model box to the diameter of the model pile is not less than 10.
Further, the diameter of the circular mold is required to be larger than that of the model pile.
Furthermore, the loading motor can adopt two loading modes of unidirectional loading and cyclic loading.
Further, the limiting loading value of the loading motor is 100kN, and the stroke is 100mm.
Further, the slurry storage tank is made of transparent organic glass, and the side wall of the slurry storage tank is marked with volume scales.
Further, the water content of the liquid cement soil in the slurry storage tank exceeds the liquid limit water content.
The invention also provides a test method of the test device for simulating the influence study of grouting reinforcement around piles on the horizontal bearing characteristics of pile foundations, which comprises the following steps:
filling sand in the model box, and embedding a model pile in the center of the model box after filling the pile end with the sand layer; continuously filling a sand layer, embedding a inclinometer pipe and a plurality of vertical rigid pipes in the process, and fixing a plurality of soil pressure sensors on the rigid pipes; embedding a circular mold in the center of the mold box and enabling the top of the circular mold to be lower than the lowest end of the motor, and enabling the mold pile to pass through a central round hole at the top of the circular mold; installing an air compressor and a slurry storage tank, filling cement soil samples which are uniformly stirred in the slurry storage tank, extending a grouting pipe into the space between the circular mold and the model pile through the other round hole formed in the upper part of the circular mold, adjusting the air compressor to enable the slurry storage tank to reach a designed grouting pressure value, maintaining the designed grouting pressure to start grouting, and slowly taking out the circular mold from sand while grouting; filling cement soil around the pile after the grouting process is completed; and loading the model pile by a loading motor 28-90 days after grouting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the invention, the circular mould is adopted to reserve grouting space around the pile top in the sand filling process, and cement soil slurry which is uniformly stirred is injected into the reserved space around the pile after the sand layer is filled, so that the grouting process around the pile in actual engineering can be well simulated.
2. According to the invention, the buried inclinometer pipe of the pile foundation passive end in the sandy soil layer can measure the horizontal displacement of the soil body in the test process, and the buried soil pressure sensor can measure the horizontal soil pressure and the horizontal soil pressure dissipation rule of the soil body of the passive end in the test process.
3. The diameter and the height of the embedded circular mold can be adjusted, so that the diameter and the height of cement soil around the pile are changed, and the influence of the treatment range and the treatment depth of soil around the pile on the horizontal bearing performance of the pile foundation can be studied.
4. The loading motor can carry out unidirectional loading and cyclic loading, and can meet the test requirements of pile periphery grouting reinforcement pile foundation horizontal bearing characteristic research of different cement soil slurry strengths, different grouting pressures, different pile periphery cement soil diameters and different pile periphery cement soil heights.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a grouting stage test apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the test apparatus after grouting is completed;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a circular mold;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a circular mold;
in the figure: the grouting device comprises a model box 1, a steel support 1-1, I-steel 1-2, a sand layer 1-3, an inclinometer 1-4, a soil pressure sensor 1-5, a rigid pipe 1-6, a model pile 1-7, pile periphery cement soil 1-8, a loading motor 2, a steel support 2-1, a circular mold 3, an air compressor 4, a gas pipe 4-1, a pressure gauge 4-2, a pressure regulating switch 4-3, a slurry storage tank 5, a pressure relief valve 5-1, a pressure regulating switch 5-2, a grouting pipe 5-3 and a grouting valve 5-4.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the invention relates to a test device capable of simulating the influence of grouting reinforcement around test piles on the horizontal bearing characteristics of pile foundations, wherein the test pile grouting reinforcement comprises five parts, namely a model box 1, a loading motor 2, a circular die 3, an air compressor 4 and a slurry storage tank 5, wherein the cement soil strength, the grouting pressure, the diameter and the height of cement soil around the test piles are different.
The model box 1 is a square model box and is formed by welding steel plates, a steel support 1-1 is welded at the bottom of the model box, I-steel 1-2 is welded at the top of the side surface of the model box to increase the rigidity of the model box, and the side length of the model box 1 is 4m and the height is 3m; filling a sand layer 1-3 with a certain compactness in the model box 1, wherein the sand layer 1-3 is filled by adopting different methods according to the design compactness requirement; the sand layer filling method is a sand rain method (when the design compactness is smaller) and a layering ramming method (when the design compactness is larger); embedding an inclinometer pipe 1-4 in sand in a passive area in the filling process of the sand layer 1-3 to measure the horizontal displacement of the soil in the passive area; the method comprises the steps that 1-5 soil pressure sensors are embedded in sand in a passive area in the filling process of the sand layers 1-3 to measure horizontal soil pressure; the soil pressure sensor 1-5 is fixed on the vertical rigid pipe 1-6; the diameter of the rigid pipe 1-6 is 10mm, the rigid pipe is fixed on the side wall of the model box in the sand filling process, and the rigid pipe needs to be kept vertical; a model pile 1-7 is placed in the center of the model box 1; the circular mold 3 is pre-buried in the center of the model box 1, and the model piles 1-7 are positioned in the center of the circular mold 3; the diameter of the circular mold 3 can be adjusted according to the test requirement, and can be set to be 1.5 times, 2.0 times, 2.5 times and 3.0 times of the diameter of the model pile 1-7, and the height of the circular mold can be adjusted according to the test requirement, and can be set to be 0.2m, 0.4m, 0.6m, 0.8m and 1.0m; the loading motor 2 is fixed on the side wall of the model box through a steel bracket 2-1; the air compressor 4 inputs air pressure into the slurry storage tank 5 through an air pipe 4-1, and the air pipe is provided with a pressure gauge 4-2 and a pressure regulating switch 4-3; the slurry storage tank 5 is internally provided with liquid cement soil which is uniformly stirred, and the slurry storage tank 5 is provided with a pressure release valve 5-1 and a pressure regulating switch 5-2 which are connected with a model box through a grouting pipe 5-3; the grouting pipe 5-3 is provided with a grouting valve 5-4, the end of the grouting pipe is required to be buried in a space between the circular mold 3 and the model pile 1-7, and liquid cement soil is injected into the space to form the cement soil 1-8 around the pile.
The working process of the invention is as follows: firstly, filling a sand layer 1-3 with a certain compactness in a model box 1, when the compactness of the sand layer is smaller in design requirement, preparing the sand layer 1-3 by adopting a sand rain method, obtaining the compactness of the soil with the design requirement by controlling the falling distance between the bottom of a sand falling device and the surface of a test soil, and when the compactness of the sand layer with the design requirement is larger, filling the sand layer by adopting a layering ramming method, and obtaining the compactness of the soil with the design requirement by adopting a method of controlling the dry density and the volume of the sand layer; after filling the pile end with a sand layer, pre-burying the model pile 1-7 in the center of the model box 1; embedding a inclinometer pipe 1-4 in sand in a passive area to measure the horizontal displacement of the soil in the passive area, and embedding a soil pressure sensor 1-5 to measure the horizontal soil pressure in the sand filling process; when the sand layer is filled to a certain height, the circular mold 3 is pre-buried in the center of the mold box 1, and the mold piles 1-7 are positioned in the center of the circular mold 3, so that a reserved space is reserved for injecting cement soil slurry; extending a grouting pipe 5-3 into the space between the circular mold 3 and the model pile 1-7, installing an air compressor 4 and a grouting tank 5, filling cement soil samples for test and uniform stirring into the grouting tank 4, adjusting the air compressor 4 to enable the grouting tank 5 to reach a designed grouting pressure value, maintaining the designed grouting pressure to start grouting, taking out the circular mold 3 from sand slowly while grouting, and sealing the top of the circular mold 3 in the grouting process; filling cement soil 1-8 around the model pile 1-7 after the grouting process is completed; after grouting is completed for 28 days, the model pile is loaded through the loading motor 2, the load and the displacement applied by the loading motor can be automatically read and stored, and the horizontal displacement of the soil body at the passive end of the model pile and the lateral soil pressure of the soil body in the test process can be measured.
Claims (7)
1. Test device of simulation stake week slip casting reinforcement to pile foundation horizontal bearing characteristic influence study, its characterized in that: comprises a model box (1), a loading motor (2), a round die (3), an air compressor (4) and a slurry storage tank (5);
the model box (1) is formed by welding steel plates, a steel support (1-1) is welded at the bottom of the model box, and I-steel (1-2) is welded on the side face of the model box to increase the rigidity of the model box; the sand layer (1-3) is filled in the model box (1); a model pile (1-7) is arranged at the center of the model box (1); the circular mold (3) is a hollow cylinder with a closed top, the top of the circular mold is provided with two circular holes, one circular hole is positioned at the center of the top, the diameter of the circular hole is the same as that of the mold pile (1-7), the mold pile (1-7) passes through the circular hole, the top of the mold pile (1-7) is higher than the top of the circular mold (3), and sealing treatment is carried out between the mold pile (1-7) and the circular hole; an inclinometer pipe (1-4) is embedded in the sandy soil layer (1-3), a plurality of vertical rigid pipes (1-6) are embedded in the sandy soil shallow layer, a plurality of soil pressure sensors (1-5) are fixed on the rigid pipes (1-6) to measure horizontal soil pressure, and the distance between the sandy soil shallow layer and the top of the sandy soil layer is smaller than 1m;
the bottom of the loading motor (2) is vertically fixed on the side wall of the model box, and the lowest point of the loading motor (2) is higher than the top of the circular die (3);
the slurry storage tank (5) is provided with a pressure release valve (5-1), a pressure regulating switch (5-2) and a slurry injection pipe (5-3); the grouting pipe (5-3) passes through the other round hole at the top of the round die (3), the diameter of the grouting pipe (5-3) is the same as that of the round hole, and sealing treatment is carried out between the grouting pipe (5-3) and the round hole; the slurry storage tank (5) is filled with evenly stirred liquid cement soil, and the slurry injection pipe (5-3) is provided with a slurry injection valve (5-4); the end part of the grouting pipe (5-3) is positioned in a space between the circular mould (3) and the model pile (1-7) and is used for injecting liquid cement soil into the space to form surrounding cement soil (1-8);
the air compressor (4) is provided with an air pipe (4-1), the air pipe (4-1) is connected with the slurry storage tank (5) and is used for enabling the slurry storage tank (5) to reach a designed grouting pressure value, and the air pipe (4-1) is provided with a pressure gauge (4-2) and a pressure regulating switch (4-3);
the ratio of the side length of the bottom surface of the model box (1) to the diameter of the circular die (3) is not less than 10;
the ratio of the distance from the bottom of the model pile (1-7) to the bottom of the model box (1) to the diameter of the model pile (1-7) is not less than 10.
2. The test device for simulating pile periphery grouting reinforcement on pile foundation horizontal bearing characteristic influence study according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the circular mold (3) is required to be larger than that of the model piles (1-7).
3. The test device for simulating pile periphery grouting reinforcement on pile foundation horizontal bearing characteristic influence study according to claim 1, wherein the loading motor (2) can adopt two loading modes of unidirectional loading and cyclic loading.
4. The test device for simulating the research on the influence of grouting reinforcement around piles on the horizontal bearing characteristics of pile foundations according to claim 1, wherein the limit loading value of the loading motor is 100kN, and the stroke is 100mm.
5. The test device for simulating pile periphery grouting reinforcement on pile foundation horizontal bearing characteristic influence study according to claim 1, wherein the slurry storage tank (5) is made of transparent organic glass, and the side wall of the slurry storage tank is marked with volume scales.
6. The test device for simulating pile periphery grouting reinforcement on pile foundation horizontal bearing characteristic influence study according to claim 1, wherein the water content of liquid cement soil in the slurry storage tank (5) exceeds the water content of a liquid limit.
7. A test method of a test device for simulating pile periphery grouting reinforcement on pile foundation horizontal bearing characteristic influence study according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising the following steps:
filling sand in the model box (1), and embedding the model piles (1-7) in the center of the model box (1); continuously filling a sand layer, embedding an inclinometer pipe (1-4) and a plurality of vertical rigid pipes (1-6) in the process, and fixing a plurality of soil pressure sensors (1-5) on the rigid pipes (1-6); the circular mould (3) is pre-buried in the center of the mould box (1) and the top of the circular mould is lower than the lowest end of the motor (2), so that the mould piles (1-7) penetrate through a central round hole at the top of the circular mould (3); an air compressor (4) and a slurry storage tank (5) are arranged, cement soil samples which are uniformly stirred are filled in the slurry storage tank (5), a slurry injection pipe (5-3) extends into the space between the circular mold (3) and the model pile (1-7) through the other round hole at the top of the circular mold (3), the air compressor (4) is regulated to enable the slurry storage tank (5) to reach a designed slurry injection pressure value, the designed slurry injection pressure is maintained to start slurry injection, and the circular mold (3) is taken out of sand during slurry injection; filling cement soil (1-8) around the pile periphery around the model pile (1-7) after the grouting process is completed; and loading the model piles (1-7) through a loading motor (2) after grouting is completed for 28-90 days.
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| CN111560994A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-21 | 南京南智先进光电集成技术研究院有限公司 | Cement mixing pile construction monitoring system and method |
| CN113295845A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-08-24 | 广东工业大学 | Indoor simulation microorganism sand pile test method |
| CN114487342B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2024-02-02 | 西安理工大学 | Visual pile Zhou Huangtu collapsibility determination and reinforcement test device and method |
| CN115434378B (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2024-04-19 | 青岛理工大学 | Single-phase automatic grouting system and method for energy piles in EICP mineralized environment |
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