CN110343872B - Aluminum melting furnace and use method - Google Patents
Aluminum melting furnace and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110343872B CN110343872B CN201910642763.9A CN201910642763A CN110343872B CN 110343872 B CN110343872 B CN 110343872B CN 201910642763 A CN201910642763 A CN 201910642763A CN 110343872 B CN110343872 B CN 110343872B
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- claw
- salvaging
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- impurities
- aluminum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0084—Obtaining aluminium melting and handling molten aluminium
- C22B21/0092—Remelting scrap, skimmings or any secondary source aluminium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an aluminum melting furnace and a use method thereof, and relates to a waste aluminum treatment device. It has solved the inconvenient problem of cleaing away of impurity in the aluminium scrap solution among the prior art. This dissolve aluminium stove, including the furnace body, upper portion is provided with the crucible in the furnace body, and the crucible below is furnace, and furnace passes through feeding mechanism UNICOM fuel silo, furnace bottom and wind channel UNICOM, wind channel tip UNICOM fan, its characterized in that, the fuel in the fuel silo is biomass pellet fuel, the crucible top sets up two impurity salvage mechanisms, and impurity salvage mechanism includes salvage claw, salvage claw has the claw tooth of equipartition, and all salvage claws are connected on claw handle, the axle of motor is connected to claw handle, the motor is controlled the removal in the space by three degree of freedom telescopic machanism. The invention is convenient for clarifying impurities in the molten aluminum, and the tooth space of the salvaging device can be changed according to the requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of smelting, and relates to a furnace, in particular to an aluminum melting furnace and a use method thereof.
Background
The aluminum melting furnace is convenient for melting and regenerating the waste aluminum, for example, some aluminum beverage cans are melted and then made into aluminum ingots so as to be convenient for recycling. However, since these recovered scrap aluminum may sometimes contain various impurities such as stones, earth, carbon deposits, other metallic impurities, etc., and is usually salvaged with a tool having a fork or rake with multiple teeth, the teeth are required to have a higher density for smaller impurities, i.e., a smaller spacing between the teeth, but this can cause the teeth to stick to some of the aluminum liquid after exiting the molten aluminum liquid, which can be dangerous or wasteful if the aluminum liquid splashes off and the teeth cool and solidify on the teeth after exiting the aluminum liquid, not only to the detriment of the next use, but also to the detriment of the impurities exiting the teeth if the aluminum liquid simultaneously adheres to the teeth, so that generally the impurity collector cannot be far removed, and must be transferred to the impurity collector after the teeth are removed from the aluminum liquid before the aluminum liquid does not solidify. If the spacing of the teeth is too great, it will not be salvaged for some smaller impurities.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the problems in the prior art and provides an aluminum melting furnace and a use method thereof.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: the furnace comprises a furnace body, wherein a crucible is arranged at the upper part in the furnace body, a hearth is arranged below the crucible, the hearth is communicated with a fuel bin through a feeding mechanism, the bottom of the hearth is communicated with an air duct, the end part of the air duct is communicated with a fan, fuel in the fuel bin is biomass granular fuel, and the biomass fuel is a massive environment-friendly new energy produced by processing straw, rice husk, peanut shell, corncob, oil tea shell, cotton seed shell and the like and three residues. The crucible top sets up two impurity salvaging mechanism, and impurity salvaging mechanism includes salvaging the claw, salvaging the claw and having the claw tooth of equipartition, all salvaging the claw and connect on the claw handle, the axle of motor is connected to the claw handle, the motor is controlled the removal in space by three degree of freedom telescopic machanism.
The working principle of the aluminum melting furnace is as follows: during salvaging, salvaging claws of the two impurity salvaging mechanisms are controlled by the three-degree-of-freedom telescopic mechanism to extend into aluminum liquid, and then the positions of the two salvaging claws are adjusted, so that the relative distance or angle between claw teeth of the two salvaging claws is changed, the staggered state of the claw teeth of the two salvaging claws is changed, flexible adjustment is carried out according to the size and the quantity of impurities to be salvaged, and the larger impurities can be prevented from being attached to the aluminum liquid only by a large tooth space. Because the two salvaging claws have claw tooth structures, the two salvaging claws can be cleaned mutually, and particularly when the distance between the claw teeth is slightly larger than that of the claw teeth, the claw teeth of one salvaging claw can clean the claw teeth of the other salvaging claw in an all-round way.
In the aluminum melting furnace, the claw teeth of the salvaging claw are made of metal materials with melting points higher than that of aluminum, the claw teeth of the two impurity salvaging mechanisms are respectively connected with two poles of a power supply, and the motor shaft is connected with the claw handle through an insulated connecting rod. When the two claw teeth of the impurity salvaging mechanism are contacted, the current is conducted, so that the claw teeth are heated, aluminum attached to the claw teeth is melted to be separated from the claw teeth, the impurity is also favorably conveyed to a far position, only the area where the two claw teeth are contacted with each other is heated, that is, only the area bearing the impurity is heated, and only the area where the claw teeth are small in distance is heated.
The two salvaging claws are extended to the lower part of impurities in the crucible aluminum liquid, the relative positions of the two salvaging claws are adjusted according to the shape and the positions of the impurities, the impurities cannot fall from gaps between claw teeth of the salvaging claws, then the salvaging claws are moved to the impurity collecting position, one salvaging claw moves relative to the other salvaging claw, the impurities fall away from the salvaging claw, if the impurities are adhered to the impurities solidified on the salvaging claws, the lead is electrified in the state that the two salvaging claws are contacted, so that the conductive temperature of the claw teeth is increased, the adhered aluminum liquid is melted, and the impurities are separated from the salvaging claws.
In the aluminum melting furnace, the salvaging claw and the connecting rod are directly connected through the hinge, a shape memory alloy spring is connected between the salvaging claw and the connecting rod, when the temperature is higher than the phase transition temperature of the shape memory alloy spring, the spring is contracted, and when the temperature is lower than the phase transition temperature of the shape memory alloy spring, the spring is stretched. The expansion and contraction of the spring controls the rotation of the salvaging claw relative to the connecting rod.
In the aluminum melting furnace, the salvaging claw is a quarter spherical shell type. When the two salvaging claws are contacted relatively, a hemispherical spoon body is formed, so that the salvaging of impurities is facilitated.
In the aluminum melting furnace, the fishing claw is connected with the pull rod, one end of the pull rod is hinged with the fishing claw, the other end of the pull rod is hinged with the end part of the rocker, the rocker is controlled to rotate by the rocker motor, the motor is fixed relative to the claw handle, and the rocker, the pull rod and the fishing claw form a parallel four-bar mechanism with the claw handle. Therefore, the salvaging claw has wider application, can be used for conveying waste aluminum, is used as a feeding manipulator, and can also be used for scraping carbon deposit on the inner wall of the crucible.
The up-and-down swing of the salvaging claw is controlled by controlling the rotation of the rocker, and the structure is matched with the rotation of the claw handle motor to change the direction of the salvaging claw; the salvaging claw is made to extend into the aluminum liquid downwards along the inner wall of the crucible, then the salvaging claw is made to salvage the impurities upwards, the salvaging claw is made to drop downwards when the salvaging claw moves to the impurity collecting position, if the impurities on one salvaging claw are not easy to drop, the position of the other salvaging claw relative to the salvaging claw can be adjusted to carry out auxiliary scraping.
In the aluminum melting furnace, the aluminum ingot mold is further comprised, the mold shell is provided with a cavity, the cavity is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air outlet is communicated with the air inlet of the fan. Not only is favorable for quick cooling of the grinding tool, but also is favorable for recycling the heat energy of the die, so that the heated air enters the combustion chamber, and the temperature of combustion is favorable for being improved.
Compared with the prior art, the aluminum melting furnace and the use method thereof have the following advantages:
the aluminum melting furnace disclosed by the invention can be conveniently burnt by adopting biomass granular fuel, is also provided with a set of equipment convenient for impurity removal, so that impurity removal is more convenient, the influence of adhesion and bonding of aluminum liquid on impurity removal is avoided, aluminum liquid is wasted, the aluminum melting furnace can be used for cleaning carbon deposition of a crucible or used as a feeding manipulator, and the aluminum melting furnace is also beneficial to rapid cooling of a grinding tool and recovery of heat energy of a die, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an aluminum melting furnace;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the right side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of FIG. 1
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a feed mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the fishing mechanism in operation;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of two salvaging claws stacked above and below the other in large area;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of two salvaging claws stacked in a small area up and down;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of two fishing claws with interleaved arrangement of teeth;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the claw teeth of one salvaging claw rotating around the claw teeth of the other salvaging claw to clean impurities;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the on-current heating of the teeth of two salvaging claws to attach molten aluminum;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment with the spring contracted;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an embodiment two with the spring extended;
FIG. 13 is a top view of the third embodiment with two salvaging claws facing each other;
fig. 14 is a left side view of fig. 13;
fig. 15 is a right side view of fig. 14;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a tie rod control mechanism;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the fishing pawl of FIG. 16 in a downward position;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of one salvaging jaw removing impurities from another salvaging jaw;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of two salvaging claws simultaneously moving downward;
FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment
In the figure, a furnace body 1, a crucible 2, a hearth 3, a fuel bin 4, an air duct 5, a fan 6, granular fuel 7, a feed pipe 8, a rotating shaft 9, a baffle plate 10, a feed motor 11, a salvaging claw 12, a claw tooth 13, a claw handle 14, a claw handle motor 15, a left-right translation cylinder 16, a front-back translation cylinder 17, an up-down translation cylinder 18, a wire 18, a connecting rod 19, a double-pass shape memory alloy spring 20, a pull rod 21, a rocker 22, a rocker motor 23, an aluminum ingot mold 24, an air inlet 241, an air outlet 242, impurities 25, attached aluminum liquid 26 and a track line 27.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the aluminum melting furnace comprises a furnace body 1, a crucible 2 for melting aluminum scraps is arranged at the upper part in the furnace body, a hearth 3 for burning fuel is arranged below the crucible, the hearth is communicated with a fuel bin 4 through a feeding mechanism, the bottom of the hearth is communicated with an air duct 5, the end part of the air duct is communicated with a fan 6 for supplying air, and the fuel in the fuel bin is biomass granular fuel 7. The biomass fuel is a block-shaped environment-friendly new energy produced by processing straws, rice hulls, peanut shells, corncobs, oil tea shells, cotton seed shells and the like and three residues.
As shown in fig. 4, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding pipe, the feeding pipe 8 is inclined from the top down, the bottom end of the feeding pipe is communicated with the furnace, a discharge port of the fuel bin is communicated with the top of the feeding pipe, a rotating shaft 9 is arranged below the discharge port of the fuel bin, baffles 10 are circumferentially distributed on the rotating shaft, so that fuel particles fall between two adjacent baffles, a feeding motor 11 controls the rotating shaft to rotate, and thus the fuel particles are continuously transferred into the feeding pipe and roll down into the furnace along the feeding pipe.
As shown in FIG. 5, two impurity salvaging mechanisms are arranged above the crucible, and the two salvaging mechanisms have the same structure and work cooperatively.
The impurity salvaging mechanism comprises salvaging claws 12 which are used for extending into aluminum liquid, the salvaging claws are provided with claw teeth 13 which are uniformly distributed, all salvaging claws are connected to claw handles 14, the claw handles are connected with shafts of claw handle motors 15 which control the rotation of the claw handles, the claw handles are controlled to rotate by the motors, and the motors are controlled to move in space by three-degree-of-freedom telescopic mechanisms.
As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, the working principle of the aluminum melting furnace is as follows: during salvaging, salvaging claws of the two impurity salvaging mechanisms are controlled by the three-degree-of-freedom telescopic mechanism to extend into aluminum liquid, and then the positions of the two salvaging claws are adjusted, so that the relative distance or angle between claw teeth of the two salvaging claws is changed, the staggered state of the claw teeth of the two salvaging claws is changed, flexible adjustment is carried out according to the size and the quantity of impurities to be salvaged, and the larger impurities can be prevented from being attached to the aluminum liquid only by a large tooth space.
Because the two salvaging claws have claw tooth structures, the two salvaging claws can be cleaned mutually, and particularly when the distance between the claw teeth is slightly larger than that of the claw teeth, the claw teeth of one salvaging claw can clean the claw teeth of the other salvaging claw in an all-round way, for example, the claw teeth of one salvaging claw do the movement of the claw teeth of the other salvaging claw around the claw teeth of the other salvaging claw as shown in the track line 27 in fig. 9, so that the function can be realized. The salvaging claw can be used for stirring aluminum liquid so as to facilitate the rapid melting of waste aluminum.
As shown in fig. 10, the claw teeth of the salvaging claw are made of metal or alloy materials with a melting point higher than that of aluminum, such as iron, tungsten steel and the like, the claw teeth of the two impurity salvaging mechanisms are respectively connected with two poles of a power supply through a lead 18, and a motor shaft is connected with the claw handle through an insulated connecting rod 19. When the claw teeth of the two impurity salvaging mechanisms are contacted, current is conducted, so that the claw teeth are heated, aluminum attached to the claw teeth is melted to be separated from the claw teeth, impurities 25 on the salvaging claw are removed from the position where the impurities are far away, only the area where the two claw teeth are contacted with each other is heated, namely, only the area where the impurities are carried, only the area where the claw teeth are small in distance is heated, electric quantity is saved, and the claw teeth of the two salvaging claws are prevented from being adhered together by attached aluminum liquid 26.
Example two
As shown in fig. 11 and 12, unlike the above embodiment, the salvaging claw and the connecting rod are directly connected through a hinge, and a two-way shape memory alloy spring 20 is connected between the salvaging claw and the connecting rod, and is contracted when the temperature is higher than the phase transition temperature of the shape memory alloy spring, and is stretched when the temperature is lower than the phase transition temperature of the shape memory alloy spring. Thereby the claw teeth of the salvaging claw are convenient to extend into the melt in a vertical state, and the claw teeth become a horizontal state after the temperature rises after entering the melt, and at the moment, the impurities are convenient to salvage out of the liquid.
Example III
As shown in fig. 13, 14 and 15, in the above aluminum melting furnace, the salvaging claws are of a quarter spherical shell type. When the two salvaging claws are contacted relatively, a hemispherical spoon body is formed, so that the salvaging of impurities is facilitated. The salvaging claw can also be used for grabbing waste aluminum and is used as a feeding mechanical arm.
As shown in fig. 16, 17, 18 and 19, of course, the shape memory alloy spring is in a pull rod 21 structure, one end of the pull rod is hinged with the salvaging claw, the other end of the pull rod is hinged with the end of the rocker 22, the rocker is controlled to rotate by a rocker motor 23, the motor is fixed relative to the claw handle, for example, the motor can be fixed on an insulated connecting rod, the rocker, the pull rod, the salvaging claw and the claw handle form a parallel four-bar mechanism as shown in the figure, and the up-down swinging of the salvaging claw is controlled by controlling the rotation of the rocker. As shown in fig. 18, the structure is matched with the rotation of the claw-handle motor, so that the spoon body of the salvaging claw is downward or upward, when the salvaging claw is downward, the circular radian of the outer contour is favorable for being attached to the inner wall surface of the cylindrical crucible to move downward, cleaning is facilitated, carbon deposit on the inner wall surface of the crucible is scraped off, and the downward spoon body can be made to move downward, so that cleaning of the other salvaging claw is facilitated.
Of course, the structure of the pull rod for controlling the rotation of the salvaging claw can also be used for controlling salvaging claws of other shapes, such as the salvaging claw in the above embodiment. The wire heating device described above may also be used with the salvaging claw of this embodiment.
Example IV
As shown in fig. 20, the aluminum ingot mold 24 is further included, the mold housing has a cavity with an air inlet 241 and an air outlet 242, and the air outlet is communicated with the air inlet of the fan, so that air is heated by the aluminum ingot mold between entering the hearth, and the air flow is accelerated, and the cooling of the mold is accelerated.
Although some terms are used more herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for convenience in describing and explaining the nature of the invention; they are to be interpreted as any additional limitation that is not inconsistent with the spirit of the present invention.
The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (5)
1. The aluminum melting furnace is characterized in that fuel in the fuel bin is biomass granular fuel, two impurity salvaging mechanisms are arranged above the crucible and comprise salvaging claws, the salvaging claws are provided with claw teeth which are uniformly distributed, all salvaging claws are connected to claw handles, the claw handles are connected with shafts of claw handle motors, and the claw handle motors are controlled to move in space by three-degree-of-freedom telescopic mechanisms; the claw teeth of the salvaging claw are made of metal with the melting point higher than that of aluminum, the claw teeth of the two impurity salvaging mechanisms are respectively connected with two poles of a power supply, and a claw handle motor shaft is connected with a claw handle through an insulated connecting rod; the fishing claw is connected with a pull rod, one end of the pull rod is hinged with the fishing claw, the other end of the pull rod is hinged with the end part of a rocker, the rocker is controlled to rotate by a rocker motor, the rocker motor is fixed relative to the claw handle, and the rocker, the pull rod and the fishing claw and the claw handle form a parallel four-bar mechanism.
2. The aluminum melting furnace of claim 1, wherein the claw teeth of the salvaging claw are arc-shaped claw teeth and the salvaging claw profile is a quarter spherical shell profile.
3. The aluminum melting furnace of claim 1, further comprising an aluminum ingot mold, the mold housing having a cavity with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air outlet being in communication with the air inlet of the blower.
4. The method of using an aluminum melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein two salvaging claws are extended below the impurities in the aluminum liquid in the crucible, the relative positions of the two salvaging claws are adjusted according to the shape and the position of the impurities so that the impurities cannot fall from gaps between the claw teeth of the salvaging claws, then the salvaging claws are moved to the impurity collecting place, one salvaging claw is moved relative to the other salvaging claw so that the impurities fall away from the salvaging claw, and if the aluminum liquid solidified on the salvaging claws adheres to the impurities so that the impurities cannot fall from the salvaging claws, the conductive wires are electrified in a state that the two salvaging claws are contacted, so that the conductive temperature of the claw teeth is raised, so that the adhered aluminum liquid is melted, and the impurities are separated from the salvaging claws.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the rotation of the rocker is controlled to control the up-and-down swing of the salvaging claw, and the structure is matched with the rotation of the claw-handle motor to change the direction of the salvaging claw; the salvaging claw is made to extend into the aluminum liquid downwards along the inner wall of the crucible, then the salvaging claw is made to salvage the impurities upwards, the salvaging claw is made to drop downwards when the salvaging claw moves to the impurity collecting position, if the impurities on one salvaging claw are not easy to drop, the position of the other salvaging claw relative to the salvaging claw can be adjusted to carry out auxiliary scraping.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910642763.9A CN110343872B (en) | 2019-07-16 | 2019-07-16 | Aluminum melting furnace and use method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910642763.9A CN110343872B (en) | 2019-07-16 | 2019-07-16 | Aluminum melting furnace and use method |
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| CN110343872A CN110343872A (en) | 2019-10-18 |
| CN110343872B true CN110343872B (en) | 2023-10-24 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102767945A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2012-11-07 | 佛山市中科炉业有限公司 | Biomass fuel combusting and heating integrated device |
| JP2016097441A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-05-30 | 三明機工株式会社 | Slag removal device and method |
| CN109141033A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-01-04 | 宁国市挚友合金钢材料有限公司 | A kind of middle frequency furnace dragveyer |
| CN208398630U (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2019-01-18 | 青岛北海五金有限公司 | aluminium smelting furnace |
| CN210261932U (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2020-04-07 | 威海海洋职业学院 | Aluminum melting furnace |
-
2019
- 2019-07-16 CN CN201910642763.9A patent/CN110343872B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102767945A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2012-11-07 | 佛山市中科炉业有限公司 | Biomass fuel combusting and heating integrated device |
| JP2016097441A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-05-30 | 三明機工株式会社 | Slag removal device and method |
| CN208398630U (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2019-01-18 | 青岛北海五金有限公司 | aluminium smelting furnace |
| CN109141033A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-01-04 | 宁国市挚友合金钢材料有限公司 | A kind of middle frequency furnace dragveyer |
| CN210261932U (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2020-04-07 | 威海海洋职业学院 | Aluminum melting furnace |
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| CN110343872A (en) | 2019-10-18 |
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