CN110341735B

CN110341735B - Substitute bogie assembly and vehicle falling method

Info

Publication number: CN110341735B
Application number: CN201910717221.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李仲杨; 何玲; 林诗涵; 陈琛; 唐世周; 卜庆富
Original assignee: CRRC Dalian Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Dalian Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-08-05
Filing date: 2019-08-05
Publication date: 2020-11-03
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-05
Also published as: CN110341735A

Abstract

The invention discloses a substitute bogie assembly, which comprises a first generation bogie, wherein the first generation bogie comprises: a first frame; a plurality of fixing devices mounted above the first frame, the positions of the fixing devices corresponding to the position of a mandrel at the bottom of the vehicle body; and a plurality of wheels mounted to the first frame by bearings. The substitute bogie assembly is completely matched with the underframe structure of the low-floor tramcar, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenient use. The invention also provides a vehicle falling method using the substitute bogie assembly.

Description

Substitute bogie assembly and vehicle falling method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of railway vehicles, in particular to a substitute bogie assembly for general assembly and train connection of a low-floor tramcar and a method for falling the train by using the substitute bogie assembly.

Background

Compared with the traditional rail vehicle, the low-floor tramcar has the advantages of flexibility, convenience, strong adaptability, low operation cost and the like, so that the low-floor tramcar gradually becomes an important component of urban traffic. The bogie is used as a carrier for transferring and temporarily storing the car body and becomes an essential mechanical part in the process of general assembly and car connection of the railway car. The commonly used bogie for replacing in the prior art is mostly suitable for the traditional subway and urban rail vehicle, and the general bogie comprises the following two forms:

(1) referring now to fig. 1, there is shown a conventional alternative truck 200 that utilizes a king pin hole to connect to the body 100, assisted by two-sided bracing, for the bottom structural features of a conventional urban rail vehicle. However, the interface connecting the substitute bogie to the vehicle body is largely different from the low-floor tram, and cannot be matched with the underframe structure of the low-floor tram. In addition, the substitute bogie is large in size, and the distance of vehicle body butt joint cannot be ensured when the low-floor tram is connected. In addition, the alternative bogie has a high height, and is not suitable for the operation of connecting the low-floor tramcar.

(2) Fig. 2 shows a fixture truck tooling 200' with a function of truck assembly in the prior art, which can support the vehicle body 100 during the process of truck assembly, and then lift the vehicle onto a bogie after the truck assembly is completed to complete the seat wheel operation. However, since the space under the low-floor tram is extremely small, and there is almost no need to install equipment, overhead work for the vehicle is not required. The vehicle body of the low-floor vehicle is shorter and lighter, and the elevated tooling frame vehicle has greater safety risk. Because the low floor vehicle uses the hinge structure, can't carry out single section seat wheel, place the vehicle on the frame car frock and still need carry out the company's car with the help of other facilities and can carry out the seat wheel. Therefore, the fixture car tool 200' is difficult to be applied to the general assembly production of the low-floor tramcar.

It can be seen that the alternative bogie used in the original assembly production mode is not suitable for mass production of such vehicle types, because the body size of the low-floor tramcar is small and the number of processes under the tramcar is small. With the increasing popularization of low-floor tramcars, a substitute bogie assembly matched with the bottom structure of the low-floor tramcar is urgently needed to be designed, so that the simple and efficient final assembly and train connection procedures are realized.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a substitute bogie assembly for general assembly and train connection of a low-floor tramcar and a method for falling the train by using the substitute bogie assembly, wherein the substitute bogie assembly is simple in structure and convenient to use.

The substitute bogie assembly is realized by the following technical scheme:

according to the present invention, there is provided a substitute bogie assembly comprising a first substitute bogie comprising:

a first frame;

a plurality of fixing devices mounted on the first frame, the positions of the fixing devices corresponding to the position of the mandrel at the bottom of the vehicle body; and

a plurality of wheels mounted to the first frame by bearings.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first frame includes a pair of first longitudinal beams disposed opposite to each other, a pair of first cross beams disposed opposite to each other, four first landings, and a plurality of first reinforcing beams, wherein ends of the first longitudinal beams and the first cross beams are connected to each other to form a square frame structure, four corners of the square frame structure are each provided with one first landing, the fixing device is disposed on the first landing, and the plurality of first reinforcing beams are disposed parallel to the first longitudinal beams or parallel to the first cross beams.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the fixing device comprises a base and a fixing disc mounted on the base, the fixing disc being provided with a hole for receiving the spindle.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a substitute bogie assembly comprises a second generation bogie detachably connected to the first generation bogie, the second generation bogie comprising:

a second frame;

an adjusting mechanism disposed on the second frame, the adjusting mechanism having an adjustable height and being configured to support a bottom portion of the vehicle body; and

a plurality of wheels mounted to the second frame by bearings.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the second frame comprises a second longitudinal beam, a second cross beam, two second platforms and two second reinforcing beams, wherein the second longitudinal beam extends from the center of the second cross beam perpendicularly to the second cross beam, the two ends of the second cross beam are respectively provided with one second platform, the adjusting mechanism is arranged on the second platforms, and the two second reinforcing beams are respectively arranged to connect one end of the second cross beam with one end of the second longitudinal beam far away from the second cross beam.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the first frame comprises a first connecting device arranged in the middle of the first cross beam, the second frame comprises a second connecting device arranged at one end of the second longitudinal beam far away from the second cross beam and matched with the first connecting device, and the first frame and the second frame are detachably connected through the first connecting device and the second connecting device.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the adjusting mechanism comprises a threaded support and a locking nut, wherein the support is in threaded connection with a threaded hole in the second platform, and the height is adjusted through threaded rotation, and the locking nut is used for fixing the support.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a substitute bogie assembly comprises a pair of third generation bogies, the third generation bogies comprising:

a third frame;

the positioning seat is arranged on the third framework and matched with a positioning tool fixed at the end part of the vehicle body to position the vehicle body;

an adjusting mechanism provided on the third frame, the adjusting mechanism having an adjustable height and being configured to support a bottom portion of the vehicle body; and

a plurality of wheels mounted to the third frame by bearings.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the third frame includes a third beam and two third platforms respectively disposed at two ends of the third beam, wherein the positioning seat and the adjusting mechanism are disposed on the third platforms.

According to the present invention, there is provided a method of landing a vehicle, the above-described alternative bogie assembly is provided,

when the vehicle body has mandrels symmetrically distributed at the bottom, the vehicle body is dropped by using a first generation bogie, wherein the vehicle body is fixed by dropping the mandrels into a fixing device of the first generation bogie;

when the vehicle body has mandrels asymmetrically distributed at the bottom, the vehicle body is dropped by using a first generation bogie and a second generation bogie which are connected, one part of the vehicle body is fixed by dropping the mandrels into a fixing device of the first generation bogie, and the other part of the vehicle body is supported by adjusting an adjusting mechanism of the second generation bogie; and

when the vehicle body does not have mandrels distributed at the bottom, the paired third-generation bogies are used for falling, one end of the vehicle body is positioned by assembling the positioning seat of the third-generation bogies and the positioning tool fixed at one end of the vehicle body, and the vehicle body is supported by adjusting the adjusting mechanism of the third-generation bogies.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the utility model provides a substitute bogie assembly combines different motorcycle types to be provided with multiple type vehicle body connection interface, matches completely with the chassis structure of low-floor tram.

2. The utility model provides a substitute bogie assembly simple structure compares and replaces the bogie frame in the tradition and has less size, satisfies the needs of connecting of low-floor tramcar to it has the operation of present substitute bogie concurrently and deposits the general assembly car function of automobile body function and fixed frame car frock temporarily, has practiced thrift manufacturing cost effectively.

3. The utility model provides a substitute bogie assembly has the height adjustment function, satisfies various motorcycle types and always keeps the highly unanimous demand of automobile body in the process of connecting.

4. The substitute bogie can be recombined according to the characteristics of vehicles for low-floor vehicles in different marshalling modes, and is suitable for batch production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of one embodiment of a prior art surrogate bogie;

FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a fixture truck tooling of the prior art;

3A-3B show front and top views, respectively, of one embodiment of a first generation truck of a substitute truck assembly in accordance with the present invention;

4A-4B illustrate front and top views, respectively, of one embodiment of a fixation device in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4C shows an assembled view of the fixture shown in FIG. 4A;

5A-5B illustrate front and top views, respectively, of one embodiment of a second generation truck of a substitute truck assembly in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of one embodiment of an adjustment mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of a first generation bogie and a second generation bogie after connection;

8A-8C illustrate front, side and top views, respectively, of one embodiment of a third generation truck alternative truck assembly in accordance with the present invention;

figure 9 shows an assembly schematic of the positioning socket according to the invention;

figure 10 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of a landing method according to the invention;

figure 11 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of a landing method according to the invention;

figure 12 shows a schematic view of a third embodiment of a landing method according to the invention;

FIG. 13 shows a combined embodiment of a substitute bogie assembly according to the invention;

FIG. 14 shows another combined embodiment of a substitute bogie assembly according to the invention.

In the figure:

100 car body, 200 existing substitute bogie, 210 mandrel, 220 car body lower surface, 230 car body end, 231 positioning tool, 200' fixed frame car tool, 300 substitute bogie assembly, 310 first substitute bogie, 311 first frame, 3111 first longitudinal beam, 3112 first transverse beam, 3113 first platform, 3114 first reinforcing beam, 312 fixing device, 3121 base, 3122 fixed disc, 313, 323, 333 wheel, 314 first connecting device, 320 second substitute bogie, 321 second frame, 3211 second longitudinal beam, 3212 second transverse beam, 3213 second platform, 3214 second reinforcing beam, 322, 332 adjusting mechanism, 3221 locking nut, 3222 support, 324 second connecting device, 330 third substitute bogie, 331 third frame, 331 third transverse beam, 3312 third platform, and positioning seat 334.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

A surrogate bogie assembly 300 (see fig. 13-14) in accordance with the invention generally comprises a first surrogate frame 310 as described in fig. 3A-3B. The first generation frame 310 includes a first frame 311, a plurality of fixing devices 312 mounted above the first frame 311, and a plurality of wheels 313 mounted on the first frame via bearings. Wherein the position of the fixing device 312 corresponds to the position of the spindle at the bottom of the low-floor tram body, so that the body is fixed by dropping the spindle into the fixing device 312.

In fig. 3A-3B, the first frame 311 may include a pair of first side members 3111 disposed opposite to each other, a pair of first cross members 3112 disposed opposite to each other, and four first platforms 3113. In this case, the ends of the first longitudinal beam 3111 and the first transverse beam 3112 are connected to each other to form a square frame structure, and a first platform 3113 is provided at each of four corners of the square frame structure. A fixture 312 may be provided on each first platform 3113. A plurality of first reinforcing beams 3114 parallel to the first longitudinal beam 3111 or parallel to the first cross beam 3112 may be provided in the frame to increase the strength of the first frame 311. In addition, the first generation frame 310 may also have any other structure that can be used to mount the fixture 312 and the wheels 313 and carry the weight of the vehicle body. The fixture 312 may include, but is not limited to, a structure as shown in fig. 4A-4C, which includes a base 3121 and a fixed disk 3122 mounted on the base 3121. Wherein, the base 3121 is provided on the first frame 311, and the fixed disk 3122 receives the spindle 210 of the bottom of the vehicle body through a hole provided thereon to support the spindle 210 and restrict the displacement thereof in the horizontal direction, thereby achieving the purpose of fixing the vehicle body.

For a vehicle body having a spindle symmetrically distributed at the bottom, such as a mid-section car, the first generation truck 310 may provide support at symmetrical locations at the bottom of the vehicle body when the spindle is dropped into the fixture 312. However, for a vehicle body with an asymmetrically distributed spindle at the bottom, such as a headstock, only the part of the vehicle body where the spindle is provided at the bottom can be supported when the spindle falls into the fixture 312. In this regard, the alternative bogie assembly 300 according to the present invention is also provided to include a second alternative bogie 320 as shown in FIGS. 5A-5B. The second-generation bogie 320 is detachably connected to the first-generation bogie 310, and includes a second frame 321, an adjustment mechanism 322 provided above the second frame 321, and a plurality of wheels 323 mounted to the second frame 321 via bearings. Wherein the adjusting mechanism 322 has an adjustable height and is used to support the bottom of the vehicle body except for the spindle by adjusting the adjusting mechanism 322 to a suitable height. As a result, as shown in fig. 7, the first generation bogie 310 and the second generation bogie 320 are connected to each other, so that the vehicle body can be uniformly supported by the fixing device 312 and the adjustment mechanism 322, and the safety and reliability of the alternative bogie assembly 300 can be improved.

In fig. 5A-5B, second frame 321 may include second longitudinal beams 3211, second lateral beams 3212, and two second platforms 321. The second longitudinal beam 3211 extends from the center of the second cross beam 3212 perpendicularly to the second cross beam 3212, and two ends of the second cross beam 3212 are respectively provided with a second platform 3213. An adjustment mechanism 322 may be disposed on each second platform 3213. Two second reinforcing beams 3214 may be respectively connected to one end of the second cross beam 3212 and one end of the second longitudinal beam 3211 away from the second cross beam 3212 or a vicinity thereof. Adjustment mechanism 322 may include, but is not limited to, a structure as shown in fig. 6, which includes a threaded support 3222 and a retaining nut 3221. Wherein, the support 3222 is in threaded connection with a threaded hole on the second platform 3213, and the support 3221 can be adjusted to a height suitable for supporting the lower surface 220 of the vehicle body by threaded rotation, and the locking nut 3221 is used for fixing the support 3221 so as to keep a specific height.

The first generation bogie 310 and the second generation bogie 320 may be detachably coupled together by a first coupling device 314 as shown in fig. 3B and a second coupling device 324 as shown in fig. 5B. Wherein the first connecting means 314 are two parallel plates extending horizontally and longitudinally from the middle of the first beam 3112 of the first substitute bogie 310, and a through hole is respectively arranged at the corresponding positions on the plates; the second connecting device 324 is a plate which projects longitudinally from the end of the second longitudinal beam 3211 of the second substitute bogie 320 remote from the second transverse beam 3212 and is likewise provided with a through-opening. Thus, the first-generation bogie 310 and the second-generation bogie 320 can be connected by inserting one plate of the second-generation bogie 320 between two parallel plates of the first-generation bogie 310 and simultaneously inserting a pin through the through holes of the three plates; the first generation bogie 310 and the second generation bogie 320 can be separated by removing the pin.

Preferably, the alternative bogie assembly 300 according to the present invention may also include a third generation bogie 330 as shown in FIGS. 8A-8C. The third generation frame 330 includes a third frame 331, a positioning seat 334 mounted on the third frame 331, an adjustment mechanism 332 provided on the third frame 331, and a plurality of wheels 333 mounted on the third frame 331 through bearings. The third dummy frame 330 may be fixed to the entire vehicle body by being engaged with a positioning tool fixed to an end portion of the vehicle body to position one end of the vehicle body, using a pair of third dummy frames 330. The third dummy frame 330 is applicable to any vehicle body that can be provided with a positioning tool at the end thereof without using a spindle at the bottom of the vehicle.

In fig. 8A to 8C, the third frame 331 includes a third beam 3311 and two third stages 3312 respectively disposed at both ends of the third beam 3311. Each of the third platforms 3312 may be provided with a positioning base 3312 and an adjusting mechanism 332. The adjusting mechanism 332 has an adjustable height and is provided to support the bottom of the vehicle body, which may have the same structure as the adjusting mechanism 322 of the second frame 321. Fig. 9 illustrates an exemplary configuration of the positioning socket 334. The positioning seat 334 is provided with a circular hole, and a positioning pin is mounted on the positioning tool 231 fixed on the end 230 of the vehicle body, so that the purpose of positioning the vehicle body can be achieved only by inserting the positioning pin into the circular hole of the positioning seat 334 when the vehicle falls.

The substitute bogie realizes vehicle falling, can solve the problems of vehicle falling and moving in general assembly operation of the low-floor tramcar, further ensures the production efficiency and saves the turnover time. The 3 kinds of substitute bogies are flexible to mount and convenient to use, can be combined and adjusted to be suitable for different vehicle types and marshalling forms, and are favorable for batch production. Specific drop-off methods and configurations include, but are not limited to, the following examples:

example 1

As shown in fig. 10, mandrels 210 are symmetrically distributed at four corners of the bottom of the vehicle body 100 of the middle compartment. When the vehicle is dropped, the first-generation bogie 310 is selected, and the four cylindrical mandrels 210 of the vehicle body 100 are inserted into the holes of the fixing discs 3122 of the fixing devices 312 located at the four corners of the first-generation bogie 310, respectively, so that the vehicle can be dropped.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 11, the bottom of the body 100 of the head car has four spindles 210 asymmetrically distributed. When the vehicle is dropped, the first generation bogie 310 and the second generation bogie 320 can be used in combination. Firstly, inserting a pin shaft into the first connecting device 314 of the first generation bogie 310 and the second connecting device 324 of the second generation bogie 320 to combine the first connecting device and the second connecting device into a whole; next, four cylindrical mandrels of the vehicle body 100 are inserted into the fixing discs 3122 of the fixing devices 312 located at the four corners of the first-generation bogie 310, respectively; and finally, the height of the adjusting mechanism 322 of the second generation bogie 320 is adjusted so as to support the lower surface of the vehicle body 100, thereby completing the vehicle falling.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 12, the mandrel is not disposed on the bottom of the vehicle body 100 of the middle compartment. When the vehicle falls, a pair of third-generation bogies 330 are selected to fix both ends of the vehicle body 100, respectively. First, positioning tools 231 including positioning pins are mounted at four corners of an end portion of the vehicle body 100; secondly, inserting the positioning pin of the positioning tool 231 into the circular hole of the fixing seat 334 of the third generation bogie 330 to position the vehicle body 100, and screwing out the threaded support 3222 to attach to the lower surface of the vehicle body 100 to support the vehicle body 100; and finally, the positioning tools 231 at the two ends of the vehicle body are disassembled, and the vehicle falling can be completed.

It should be appreciated that the third generation bogie 330 is not only applicable to the vehicle body 100 without the spindle arranged at the bottom, but is also applicable to the vehicle body 100 with the spindle arranged at the bottom and capable of installing the positioning tool 231 at the end.

Example 4

FIG. 13 shows a substitute bogie assembly 300 for a low floor vehicle having a 5-node consist. Specifically, the head cars at the head and tail ends are fixed by the whole formed by combining the first generation bogie 310 and the second generation bogie 320; the carriages in the middle sections of the sections 2 and 4 are fixed by adopting paired third-generation bogies 330; the 3 rd mid-car is secured using a separate first generation truck 310. Wherein, the height of the middle carriage of the 2 nd section and the 4 th section can be freely adjusted through the adjusting mechanism 332 of the third generation bogie 330.

Example 5

Fig. 14 shows a substitute bogie assembly 300 for a low-floor vehicle having a 3-section consist. Specifically, the head cars at the head and tail ends are fixed by the whole formed by combining the first generation bogie 310 and the second generation bogie 320; the 2 nd mid-section car is secured using a pair of third generation bogies 330. The height of the 2 nd middle car can be freely adjusted by the adjusting mechanism 332 of the third generation bogie 330.

In the above embodiments 4 and 5, in order to ensure the smooth operation of the articulated vehicle, the end portions of the two adjacent vehicles need to be adjusted to the same height. The adjustment mechanism 332 on the third generation bogie 330 is attached to the lower surface of the vehicle body 100 by unscrewing the threaded seat 3222. At this time, the positioning tools 231 at the two ends of the vehicle body are disassembled, and then the height of the vehicle body is adjusted by screwing in or screwing out the threaded supports 3222 of the adjusting mechanism 332. The 4-point position free adjustment can be carried out on a single vehicle, and the end parts of two adjacent vehicles can be completely aligned.

Through the above operation, the use of the substitute bogie assembly 300 according to the present invention effectively ensures the implementation of the articulated connection work of the low-floor tram, ensures the process to reach the standard, and ensures the work safety.

The above examples only express embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A surrogate bogie assembly, comprising a first surrogate bogie and a second surrogate bogie detachably connected to the first surrogate bogie,

the first generation bogie includes:

a first frame;

a plurality of fixing devices mounted on the first frame, the positions of the fixing devices corresponding to the position of a spindle at the bottom of the vehicle body; and

a plurality of wheels mounted to the first frame by bearings;

the second generation bogie comprises:

a second frame;

an adjustment mechanism disposed on the second frame, the adjustment mechanism having an adjustable height and being configured to support a bottom portion of the vehicle body; and

a plurality of wheels mounted to the second frame by bearings.

2. The substitute bogie assembly according to claim 1, wherein the first frame comprises a pair of first longitudinal beams disposed opposite to each other, a pair of first transverse beams disposed opposite to each other, four first lands, and a plurality of first reinforcing beams, wherein ends of the first longitudinal beams and the first transverse beams are connected to each other to form a square frame structure, four corners of the square frame structure are each provided with one of the first lands, the fixing means is provided on the first lands, and the plurality of first reinforcing beams are disposed parallel to the first longitudinal beams or parallel to the first transverse beams.

3. The substitute bogie assembly according to claim 1, wherein the fixing means comprises a base and a fixing disc mounted on the base, the fixing disc being provided with a hole for receiving the spindle.

4. The surrogate bogie assembly according to claim 2, wherein the second frame comprises a second longitudinal beam, a second cross beam, two second platforms and two second reinforcing beams, wherein the second longitudinal beam extends perpendicularly to the second cross beam from the center of the second cross beam, one of the second platforms is disposed at each end of the second cross beam, the adjustment mechanism is disposed on the second platform, and each of the two second reinforcing beams is disposed to connect one end of the second cross beam with one end of the second longitudinal beam remote from the second cross beam.

5. The proxy bogie assembly according to claim 4, wherein the first truss comprises a first connecting means provided at a central portion of the first cross member, the second truss comprises a second connecting means provided at an end of the second longitudinal member remote from the second cross member and mating with the first connecting means, and the first truss and the second truss are detachably connected by the first connecting means and the second connecting means.

6. The substitute bogie assembly according to claim 5, wherein the adjustment mechanism comprises a threaded support and a lock nut, wherein the support is threadedly coupled to a threaded hole on the second platform for adjusting the height by threaded rotation, and the lock nut is used to secure the support.

7. The alternative bogie assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the alternative bogie assembly comprises a pair of third generation bogies comprising:

a third frame;

the positioning seat is arranged on the third framework and is used for being matched with a positioning tool fixed at the end part of the vehicle body so as to position the vehicle body;

an adjustment mechanism disposed on the third frame, the adjustment mechanism having an adjustable height and being configured to support a bottom portion of the vehicle body; and

a plurality of wheels mounted to the third frame by bearings.

8. The surrogate bogie assembly according to claim 7, wherein the third frame includes a third beam and two third platforms disposed at respective ends of the third beam, wherein the locating seat and the adjustment mechanism are disposed on the third platforms.

9. A method of alighting a vehicle characterised by configuring the alternative bogie assembly of any one of claims 1 to 8,

when the vehicle body is provided with mandrels which are symmetrically distributed at the bottom, a first generation bogie is used for falling, and the vehicle body is fixed by a fixing device which falls the mandrels into the first generation bogie;

when the vehicle body has a spindle asymmetrically distributed at the bottom, dropping the vehicle using the first generation bogie and the second generation bogie which are connected, fixing a part of the vehicle body by dropping the spindle into a fixing device of the first generation bogie, and supporting another part of the vehicle body by adjusting an adjusting mechanism of the second generation bogie; and

when the vehicle body does not have mandrels distributed at the bottom, the paired third-generation bogies are used for falling, one end of the vehicle body is positioned through the positioning seat of the third-generation bogies and the positioning tool fixed at one end of the vehicle body, and the vehicle body is supported through adjusting the adjusting mechanism of the third-generation bogies.