CN110336419B - Multifunctional speed-regulating motor system for regulating and controlling power supply or converting power generation according to instruction speed - Google Patents

Multifunctional speed-regulating motor system for regulating and controlling power supply or converting power generation according to instruction speed Download PDF

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CN110336419B
CN110336419B CN201910775084.9A CN201910775084A CN110336419B CN 110336419 B CN110336419 B CN 110336419B CN 201910775084 A CN201910775084 A CN 201910775084A CN 110336419 B CN110336419 B CN 110336419B
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field effect
effect transistor
type triode
channel junction
junction field
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CN110336419A (en
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陈伯川
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/0094—Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
    • H02K11/225—Detecting coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/08—Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/20—Arrangements for starting
    • H02P6/22—Arrangements for starting in a selected direction of rotation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
    • H02P2207/05—Synchronous machines, e.g. with permanent magnets or DC excitation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional speed-regulating motor system for regulating and controlling power supply or converting power generation according to an instruction speed, which comprises a motor body, a commutator structure body, a motor driving circuit, an anti-back charging circuit and a control circuit, wherein the commutator structure body is provided with a plurality of commutator structures; the commutator structure body comprises two commutator stator cores and a commutator rotor core, and the commutator rotor cores synchronously rotate along with the rotor of the motor body; the motor driving circuit comprises a commutator signal induction circuit and a field effect tube output circuit; the reverse charging circuit comprises a charging rectifying circuit and a charging boost switch power circuit; the control circuit consists of a speed measuring induction circuit, an analog voltage generating circuit and a bridge balancing circuit; the bridge balancing circuit is provided with two voltage comparison ends and two output ends. The motor has the advantages of particularly simple speed control circuit, very accurate speed measurement, large torque of the motor body, high efficiency, very outstanding energy-saving effect and the like.

Description

Multifunctional speed-regulating motor system for regulating and controlling power supply or converting power generation according to instruction speed
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of motors and control thereof, in particular to a multifunctional speed-regulating motor system for regulating and controlling power supply or converting power generation according to a command speed.
Background
An Electric machine (also known as "motor") refers to an electromagnetic device that converts or transmits Electric energy according to the law of electromagnetic induction. The motor is represented by a letter M (old standard is represented by a letter D) in a circuit, the motor mainly plays a role of generating driving torque and serving as a power source of electrical appliances or various machines, the generator is represented by a letter G in a circuit, and the generator mainly plays a role of converting mechanical energy into electric energy.
The existing speed measuring device of the speed regulating motor also stays at a point-to-point detection level, cannot synchronously and accurately reflect the change of the rotation angular velocity of the motor, and cannot control a switch winding power supply and automatically convert the motor into a generator to run according to the slight change of the angular velocity; if the method is implemented forcibly, due to a certain time difference between the speed measurement signal waves, the acceleration of the motor stator to the rotor can cause the angular speed of the motor to frequently exceed the regulation speed of the motor, so that the motor is converted into a generator to run without end, and the efficiency of the generator is greatly reduced; the current is interrupted according to subjective rules to regulate and control the speed and adapt to the driving output of a field effect tube; interrupting the input current, in the case of a motor requiring input, is an action that reduces efficiency in itself.
Meanwhile, the existing motor has the following problems in the use process: when the load of the motor changes, the speed measuring device cannot accurately and synchronously reflect the rotation angular velocity change of the motor, so that the condition that the trolley is pulled by a large horse easily occurs, namely the load of the motor changes, but the input current of the motor cannot timely follow the load change, and the electric energy is greatly wasted; meanwhile, when the rotating speed of the motor exceeds the set rotating speed under the action of external force (such as in the process of descending a slope of an electric automobile), the motor cannot be automatically switched to a generator to run, so that the electric energy is stored and the rotating speed is braked.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to provide a multi-functional speed governing motor system that can improve the energy-conserving effect of motor according to the automatic adjustment input current of the rotational speed of motor, can follow the speed with the synchronization that electricity was controlled and conversion electricity generation simultaneously automatic switch over at electric state and power generation state.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multifunctional speed regulating motor system for regulating and controlling power supply or conversion power generation according to instruction speed comprises a motor body, a commutator structure body, a motor driving circuit, an anti-return charging circuit and a control circuit;
the motor body comprises a stator winding, the stator winding adopts a three-way and three-phase winding arrangement mode, 9 taps are led out, and the 9 taps are simultaneously and electrically connected with the motor driving circuit and the reverse charging circuit;
the commutator structure comprises two commutator stator cores and a commutator rotor core which are coaxially arranged, the commutator rotor core is positioned between the two commutator stator cores, 36 stator teeth are arranged on the inner circumference of the commutator stator core, excitation coils are respectively wound on 18 stator teeth which are distributed at intervals and are connected in series, a magnetic conduction section which can form a magnetic flux loop with the commutator stator cores with a set length is embedded on the outer circumference of the commutator rotor core, and the commutator rotor core synchronously rotates along with the rotor of the motor body; the motor stator further comprises a first-phase alternating current power supply and a second-phase alternating current power supply, wherein the phase difference between the first-phase alternating current power supply and the second-phase alternating current power supply is 90 degrees, and the first-phase alternating current power supply and the second-phase alternating current power supply are respectively connected with an excitation coil on one of the commutator stator cores;
the motor driving circuit comprises a rectifier signal induction circuit and a field effect tube output circuit; the rectifier sub-signal sensing circuit comprises sensing windings distributed on the rest 18 stator teeth and 18 rectification voltage-limiting output circuits connected with the sensing windings in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the output end of the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit is connected with the input end of the field effect tube output circuit, and the output end of the field effect tube output circuit is connected with the stator winding of the motor body and drives the stator winding of the motor body to perform phase-changing excitation;
the reverse charging circuit comprises a charging rectification circuit and a charging boost switch power circuit; the input end of the charging rectification circuit is connected with the stator winding wiring end of the motor main body, and the output end of the charging rectification circuit is connected with the power supply input end of the charging boost switch power supply circuit;
the control circuit consists of a speed measuring induction circuit, an analog voltage generating circuit and a bridge balancing circuit; the speed measuring induction circuit comprises a speed measuring coil and 72 speed measuring rectifying circuits wound on the yoke part of each stator slot, each speed measuring coil is connected with two corresponding speed measuring rectifying circuits, the two speed measuring rectifying circuits are correspondingly connected with an analog voltage generating circuit, and the output ends of the two speed measuring rectifying circuits connected with the same speed measuring coil are connected with the input end of one analog voltage generating circuit;
the bridge balancing circuit is provided with two voltage comparison ends and two output ends, wherein one voltage comparison end is used as a speed measurement point and connected with the output end of the analog voltage generating circuit, and the other voltage comparison end is used as a speed regulation point and connected with a rotating speed regulation reference voltage point; one output end is connected with the control end of the field effect tube output circuit, and when the rotation angular speed of the motor is not higher than the regulation speed, the field effect tube output circuit is opened to supply power to the stator winding; and the other output end of the motor is connected with the control end of the charging boost switch power supply circuit, and when the rotation angular speed of the motor is higher than the regulation speed, the charging boost switch power supply circuit is turned on, the field effect tube output circuit is turned off, and the induced current of the stator winding is output in a reverse mode.
Therefore, 9 taps are led out of the stator winding, and the 9 taps are simultaneously connected with the motor driving circuit and the reverse charging circuit, so that the motor driving circuit can input current to the stator winding to enable the motor body to run in an electric state, and meanwhile, the stator winding can also output current to the reverse charging circuit to enable the motor body to be in a power generation running state. The commutator structure is provided with two commutator stator cores and one commutator rotor core, and the exciting coils on the commutator stator cores are respectively supplied with power through a phase alternating current power supply, so that complementary filtering can be implemented, and the interference of an input power supply of the commutator structure on a commutator output voltage wave is eliminated. After the excitation coil is electrified, an alternating current power supply is induced in the induction winding according to the transformer principle, the alternating current power supply induced by the induction winding is input into the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit, the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit rectifies and limits the voltage of the alternating current power supply and outputs the rectified voltage-limiting power supply to the field effect tube output circuit, and the field effect tube output circuit drives the stator winding to perform phase-changing excitation. The speed measuring coil and the speed measuring and rectifying circuit wound on the yoke part of the stator slot can detect the speed of the motor body in real time, convert a detected speed signal into an analog voltage signal through the analog voltage generating circuit and then connect with a speed measuring point on the bridge balancing circuit, and then control the running state of the motor body by comparing the voltage of the speed measuring point on the bridge balancing circuit with the voltage of the speed regulating point.
When the voltage of the speed measuring point is lower than the set value of the voltage of the speed regulating point, namely the rotation angular speed of the motor is not higher than the regulation speed, the output circuit of the field effect tube is switched on to supply power to the stator winding, the charging step-up switch power supply circuit is switched off, and the motor body is in an electric running state after the stator winding is electrified; when the voltage of the speed measuring point is higher than the set value of the voltage of the speed regulating point, namely the rotation angular speed of the motor is higher than the regulation speed, the bridge balancing circuit drives the charging and boosting switch power supply circuit to be switched on, the output circuit of the field effect tube is switched off, the stator winding loses power, the motor body runs in a power generation state under the action of inertia of the motor body, and the output current of the motor body is rectified, boosted by the charging and boosting switch power supply circuit and then charged to external equipment such as a storage battery.
Meanwhile, when the commutator rotor core rotates, the magnetic conduction section on the commutator rotor core rotates together, when the magnetic conduction section just moves to a period of just entering a magnetic flux loop connected with one induction winding, a magnetic flux loop is formed among the speed measuring coil positioned at the coming side of the magnetic conduction section, the induction winding and the excitation winding, the magnetic flux loop is gradually increased in the rotation process of the commutator rotor core until the arc surface of the iron core of the induction winding is completely overlapped with the magnetic conduction section, the magnetic flux of the speed measuring coil positioned in the magnetic flux loop is increased to the maximum value, and no magnetic flux passes through the speed measuring coil at the other side of the induction winding; along with the continuous rotation of the commutator rotor core, the magnetic flux in the speed measuring coil originally positioned in the magnetic flux loop is gradually reduced to zero, and the magnetic flux at the position of the speed measuring coil without the passing of the magnetic flux is gradually increased to the maximum value, so that in the rotation process of the commutator rotor core, when the magnetic conduction section of the commutator rotor core passes through each induction winding, the magnetic fluxes in the magnetic flux loops of the speed measuring coil at two sides of the induction winding are all from small to large, the speed signal obtained by the speed measuring coil is a sawtooth wave signal, and the slope of the sawtooth wave is changed in an ascending way, namely the angular speed change when the motor rotates to the section. Because the left and the right of each induction winding are provided with the speed measuring coil, all the saw-tooth waves for measuring the speed can be linked in sequence to form a speed measuring signal for synchronously and continuously tracking the angular speed.
When the scheme is in actual use, the speed measuring coil is used for synchronously tracking the angular speed change of the motor body, when the rotating speed of the motor body is lower than a set rotating speed, namely when the voltage of a speed measuring point is lower than a set value of a voltage of a command balance point, the output circuit of the field effect tube supplies power to the stator winding so as to drive the rotor of the motor body to rotate in an accelerated manner, an analog voltage signal converted from a speed signal of the motor body detected by the speed measuring induction circuit is transmitted to the voltage of the speed measuring point and floats to the set value of the voltage of the balance point, the output circuit of the field effect tube is caused to stop supplying power to the stator winding at the moment, the voltage of the speed measuring point floats to the set value lower than the voltage of the balance point under the action of a load; the motor body is supplied with power in an equivalent manner according to the load requirement, so that the phenomenon that a large horse pulls a trolley with small load and large power supply is avoided, the waste of electric quantity is reduced, and the energy-saving effect of the motor is greatly improved; meanwhile, when an external force drags the rotor of the motor body, so that the rotating speed of the rotor is higher than the set rotating speed (for example, when a vehicle motor runs on a downhill), the voltage of a speed measuring point is higher than the set value of the voltage of a balance point, the motor is immediately changed into a generator to run, the generated electricity can be used for charging external equipment (for example, a storage battery on the vehicle), and the rotating speed of the rotor of the motor is reduced in the power generation process until the set rotating speed is maintained; when the external force disappears, the rotating speed of the rotor is reduced to be lower than the set rotating speed, at the moment, the output circuit of the field effect tube is automatically opened again, the stator winding is electrified, the rotating speed of the rotor is driven to rise, and the steps are repeated. Therefore, the motor can automatically adjust the input current according to the rotating speed, greatly improve the energy-saving effect of the motor, and simultaneously can automatically switch between the electric state and the power generation state.
Preferably, the analog voltage generating circuit comprises a metering capacitor C4And a reset diode D4Unidirectional output diode D6Reset resistor R3And a reflux resistance R5Said measuring capacitance C4One end of each of the resistors is connected with a reset resistor R3One end of the speed measuring rectifying circuit is connected with the output end of the speed measuring rectifying circuit,the measuring capacitor C4And the other end of the same is respectively connected with the reset diode D4And said unidirectional output diode D6The anode of the reset diode D4And the reset resistor R3The other end of the analog voltage generating circuit is connected and then grounded, the analog voltage generating circuits are 36, and the unidirectional output diodes D in the 36 analog voltage generating circuits6Is connected in parallel with the return resistor R5Is connected to one end of the return resistor R5And the other end of the same is grounded.
Thus, the signal after rectification output by the tachometer coil is loaded to the metering capacitor C4A current is formed after limited output is carried out, so that a segment of follow speed detection signal is formed, and 36 unidirectional output diodes D of an analog voltage generation circuit are formed6Each segment is connected with a speed detection signal to form direct current output to be an uninterrupted speed detection signal, the faster the motor rotating speed is, the larger the current output is, the current is grounded through a resistor R5 to become a speed measurement analog voltage, and the speed measurement analog voltage is input to a speed measurement point of the bridge balance circuit.
Thus, during the rise of the potential of the tachometer signal, the current passes through the metering capacitor C4And a connection reflux resistor R5Unidirectional output diode D6Implementing metering charging, and stopping when the potential rises to a peak; once the potential drops, the current passes through the reset diode D with the anode grounded4To measurement capacitance C4Resetting; thus, the reflux resistance R5The voltage at both ends changes synchronously with the rotation angular velocity of the motor.
Preferably, the bridge balancing circuit comprises a PNP type triode BG3NPN type triode BG4Diode D8Diode D9Speed-regulating potentiometer W and resistor R6Diode D21Diode D22Capacitor C6Inductor L, diode D31Diode D32And PNP type triode BG5The sliding end of the speed regulation potentiometer is connected with a speed regulation point, and the other two ends of the speed regulation potentiometer are respectively grounded and transmitted by a rectifier signal induction circuitThe output direct current power supply is the PNP type triode BG3The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with the speed measuring point3The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with the speed regulating point3Is electrically connected to the output circuit of the field effect transistor, and the diode D8Is connected with the speed regulation point, and the diode D8And the diode D9Of the diode D, the diode D9And the NPN type triode BG4The NPN type triode BG4And the emitting electrodes of the resistors R are respectively connected with the resistors R6And the diode D21The cathode of (2) the resistor R6Is grounded, the diode D21Respectively with the diode D22And said capacitor C6Is connected to one end of the diode D22With one end of the inductor L and the NPN type triode BG respectively4The other end of the inductor L is respectively connected with the diode D32And the capacitor C6The other end of the diode D is connected with a speed measurement output point after being connected, and the diode D32The cathode of (2) passes through the return resistor R5Grounded, the NPN type triode BG4Collector through resistor R10And the PNP type triode BG5The base of the PNP type triode BG5And the diode D31Of the diode D, the diode D31The cathode of (2) passes through the return resistor R5Grounded, the PNP type triode BG5And the photoelectric coupler B2The anode of the diode in the photoelectric coupler B is connected with the anode of the diode in the photoelectric coupler B2The cathode of the diode in (B) is grounded, and the photoelectric coupler B2The collector of the NPN type triode is connected with the charging boost switching power circuit.
Thus, since the current is output by metering, it depends on the back current resistor R5Obtaining voltages with different speeds, and causing voltage reduction fluctuation when outputting current; in the scheme, a diode D is added in the bridge circuit31Two, twoPolar tube D32And PNP type triode BG5(ii) a Opening NPN type triode BG at speed measurement signal4When the current is outputted by the speed measuring signal, the current passes through the reflux resistor R at the same time5And a resistance R6Then, the NPN type triode BG is grounded4Opening PNP type triode BG5PNP type triode BG5Through the diode D31Applying a voltage of 12V to the return resistor R5Two ends, simultaneously block the output current of the speed measurement signal from passing through the reflux resistor R5In the ground, due to the back current resistance R5Is equal to the resistance R6The resistance value and the speed measuring voltage can not be caused by opening the NPN type triode BG4Thereby generating voltage fluctuation; in PNP type triode BG5Through diode D31Applying a voltage of 12V to the return resistor R5At both ends, diode D32Can block 12V voltage from being loaded to a speed measuring point, and is arranged in an NPN type triode BG4When turned off, the diode D31And can also block the speed measuring voltage from being loaded to the PNP type triode BG5The collector electrode of (1). Therefore, in the whole speed measuring process, the speed measuring voltage can not be generated by opening the NPN type triode BG4And voltage fluctuation is generated, so that the accuracy of signals in the whole speed measuring process is ensured, and the speed measuring precision is improved.
The PN junction voltage of the diode is conducted at 0.7V; the PN junction voltage between the base electrode and the emitting electrode of the triode can not be conducted when the voltage is lower than or equal to 0.7V and can be conducted when the voltage exceeds 0.7V under the action of an electric field of a collector electrode, and the potential of a speed measuring point in the scheme is always higher than that of an NPN type triode BG4The voltage of the emitter of (a) is higher by one PN junction voltage (0.7V); the speed regulation point is the regulation voltage of a speed regulation potentiometer W, and the voltage of the speed regulation point is always compared with that of an NPN type triode BG4The voltage of the emitter is higher than two PN junction voltages (1.4V); therefore, the voltage of the speed regulating point is 0.7V higher than that of the speed measuring point under the action of the balance circuit; at the same time, charging boost switch power TA2At a photoelectric coupler B2Is in off state when conducting, and is in photoelectric coupler B2When closed, the valve is in an open state.
When the speed measuring voltage loaded to the speed measuring point is lower than the speed regulating point voltage by 0.7V, the PNP type triode BG3And an emitter electrode ofA PN junction voltage is exceeded between the base electrodes, and a PNP type triode BG3Conducting and then passing through PNP type triode BG3The collector electrode drives the field effect tube output circuit to supply power to the stator winding, the motor body is in an electric running state, and one path of current of the speed regulating point is from the PNP type triode BG3Flows to the base electrode, and the other current passes through the diode D8And a diode D9Reach NPN type triode BG4So that the NPN type triode BG4The voltage of an emitter is lower than the voltages of two PN junctions at a speed regulation point, and an NPN type triode BG is pulled down at the voltage of a rotating speed signal4NPN type triode BG under the condition of base voltage4No current can be formed between the base and the emitter, and an NPN type triode BG4Is in a closed state and is connected with an NPN type triode BG4PNP type triode BG connected with collector5Is also in an off state, and the photoelectric coupler B2The charging step-up switch power supply circuit is in a closed state, and the motor body is in an electric running state;
when the speed measuring voltage loaded to the speed measuring point is equal to the voltage of the speed regulating point minus 0.7V, the PNP type triode BG3Just one PN junction voltage is arranged between the emitting electrode and the base electrode of the PNP type triode BG3When the power supply is closed, the field effect tube output circuit stops supplying power to the stator winding; simultaneous NPN type triode BG4The base electrode and the emitter electrode of the NPN type triode BG can not form current4The charging and boosting switch power supply circuit is in a closed state, the motor body does not input current or output current at the moment, and the motor body can only run in an inertia neutral gear and is in an idle running state;
when the speed measuring voltage loaded to the speed measuring point is higher than the speed regulating point voltage by 0.7V, the PNP type triode BG3The emitting electrode and the base electrode of the PNP type triode BG are lower than a PN junction voltage3When the motor is turned off, the winding power supply driving circuit stops supplying power to the stator winding, and the NPN type triode BG4The base voltage is pulled up to be higher than the emitter voltage by the voltage of the rotating speed signal by a PN junction, and the NPN type triode BG4Is opened, its collector is simultaneously opened with PNP type IIIPolar tube BG5Photoelectric coupler B2Then closed, charging boost switch power supply TA2The motor body is turned on, the motor body is in a power generation running state at the moment, and the output current of the motor body is rectified and then charges external equipment (such as a storage battery) through the charging and boosting switching power supply circuit.
Meanwhile, when high-frequency alternating current wave is loaded, because of the diode D21Is a germanium tube, the voltage drop of the PN junction is 0.3v, and the current passes through the capacitor C6Rear pass diode D21Reach the F point, NPN type triode BG4Closing; when the capacitor capacity is saturated, a certain voltage exists at two ends of the inductor L due to the existence of the inductor L, so that BG is caused4Or in an off state; in the capacitor C6During reset, a reset current passes through the diode D22And an inductor L generates a loop, and a certain voltage continues to exist at two ends of the inductor L to enable BG4Or in the off state. Thus, BG can only be turned on by low frequency AC and over-voltage DC4The motor can automatically identify the speed measurement signal, and the charging switch power circuit can not be opened in an confused mode.
In addition, because the capacitor for filtering in the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit requires short reset time, the problems that the input alternating current interferes with the voltage of a speed measurement signal and the mechanical vibration of a rotor of a motor body interferes with the voltage of the speed measurement signal need to be solved, and in order to eliminate the two problems, the speed regulation voltage of the motor is taken out of the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit; therefore, even if the interference occurs, the speed measuring point and the speed regulating point of the bridge balancing circuit can synchronously obtain the interference signals, and the bridge balancing circuit can automatically ignore the interference signals.
Preferably, the power supply circuit of the alternating current power supply further comprises an oscillating circuit and a 90 ° phase-shifting circuit, the oscillating circuit is used for generating single-phase alternating current, the 90 ° phase-shifting circuit is electrically connected to the oscillating circuit and is used for converting the single-phase alternating current generated by the oscillating circuit into two-phase alternating current, and the two-phase alternating current generated by the 90 ° phase-shifting circuit is respectively output to the first alternating current power supply and the second alternating current power supply;
the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit comprises a diode D1Voltage reducing resistor R1Resistance R2Voltage stabilizing diode DW1Said diode D1Is connected to the induction winding, the diode D1And the voltage reduction resistor R1Is connected to the voltage dropping resistor R1The other end of each of the resistors R2Is connected to one end of the zener diode DW1The other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode DW 1;
the speed measuring rectification circuit comprises two diodes D2Two of said diodes D2The anodes of the two diodes D are respectively connected with one end of the speed measuring coil2The cathodes of the analog voltage generating circuit are connected in parallel and then connected with the input end of the analog voltage generating circuit.
Thus, the whole alternating current power supply circuit is designed to firstly generate one-phase alternating current by the oscillating circuit, then obtain two-phase alternating current by the 90-degree phase-shifting circuit, and then respectively output in parallel through the first alternating current power supply and the first alternating current power supply, so that the fragment direct current without time delay can be obtained; however, the direct current has certain voltage fluctuation, and the current output by the rectifier signal induction circuit is extremely small; therefore, after the current-limiting resistor is used, the voltage of the fluctuating part of the direct current of the segment can be directly filtered by the voltage stabilizing diode; the speed measurement signal is not influenced by the voltage fluctuation because when the output voltage of the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit fluctuates, the voltage of the speed regulation point and the voltage of the speed measurement point fluctuate synchronously, and the bridge balance circuit does not respond. While the high-frequency alternating current output by the induction winding passes through the diode D1After rectification, the voltage is reduced through a voltage reduction resistor R1And a zener diode DW1Then, the signal is converted into a square wave signal with the amplitude of 5V, and an output signal of the rectifier signal induction circuit is formed, and the output signal is used as a driving signal of a field effect tube output circuit. The speed measuring rectifying circuit rectifies the alternating current signal generated by the speed measuring coil and outputs the rectified alternating current signal to the analog voltage generating circuit.
Preferably, the fet output circuit includes a power supply, an upper tube driving circuit connected to a positive electrode of the power supply, and a lower tube driving circuit connected to a negative electrode of the power supply, the upper tube driving circuit includes a first phase upper tube driving circuit, a second phase upper tube driving circuit, and a third phase upper tube driving circuit, an output end of the first phase upper tube driving circuit is connected to the U-phase stator winding, an output end of the second phase upper tube driving circuit is connected to the V-phase stator winding, an output end of the third phase upper tube driving circuit is connected to the W-phase stator winding, the lower tube driving circuit includes a first phase lower tube driving circuit, a second phase lower tube driving circuit, and a third phase lower tube driving circuit, an output end of the first phase lower tube driving circuit is connected to the U-phase stator winding, an output end of the second phase lower tube driving circuit is connected to the V-phase stator winding, the output end of the third-phase lower tube driving circuit is connected with the W-phase stator winding, and an upper tube driving circuit and a lower tube driving circuit which are connected with the same-phase stator winding cannot be conducted at the same time.
Therefore, according to the output signal of the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit, the upper tube driving circuit and the lower tube driving circuit which are connected between the anode and the cathode of the power supply are conducted, and therefore electric energy is provided for stator windings in different phases.
Preferably, the motor body includes a motor stator core, the motor stator core is provided with 36 motor stator slots, the motor body is of four stages, U, V, W three-phase stator windings are respectively and correspondingly provided with A, B, C three-phase windings, a magnetic conduction section spanning the length of 10 stator slots is embedded on the outer circumference of the commutator rotor core, and the number of field-effect tube output circuits is 18 and is marked as Q1-Q18Output circuit Q of 18 field effect transistors1-Q18And are respectively connected with 18 rectifying voltage-limiting output circuits.
Preferably, the device also comprises a forward and reverse rotation control circuit, wherein the forward and reverse rotation control circuit comprises a single-pole double-throw switch K, a forward rotation control circuit and a reverse rotation control circuit, and the forward rotation control circuit comprises an emitter which is respectively connected with the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z1-Z18Is connected to the power supply output terminalPNP type triode BK1-BK18Each PNP type triode BK1-BK18The base electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected with one fixed end of the single-pole double-throw switch K after being connected, and the PNP type triode BK1The collector and the PNP type triode BG91The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected2The collector and the PNP type triode BG92The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected3The collector and the PNP type triode BG93The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected4Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT194The gate of the PNP type triode BK5Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT195The gate of the PNP type triode BK6Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT196The gate of the PNP type triode BK7The collector and the PNP type triode BG97The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected8The collector and the PNP type triode BG98The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected9The collector and the PNP type triode BG99The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected10Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1910The gate of the PNP type triode BK11Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1911The gate of the PNP type triode BK12Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1912The gate of the PNP type triode BK13The collector and the PNP type triode BG913The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected14The collector and the PNP type triode BG914The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected15The collector and the PNP type triode BG915The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected16Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1916The gate of the PNP type triode BK17Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1917The gate of the PNP type triode BK18Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1918The gate of (1) is connected;
the reverse control circuit comprises an emitter and the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z1-Z18PNP type triode BK connected with power output end19-BK36Each PNP type triode BK19-BK36The base electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected with the other fixed end of the single-pole double-throw switch K after being connected, and the PNP type triode BK19The collector and the PNP type triode BG97The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected20The collector and the PNP type triode BG98The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected21The collector and the PNP type triode BG99The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected22Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1910The gate of the PNP type triode BK23Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1911The gate of the PNP type triode BK24Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1912The gate of the PNP type triode BK25The collector and the PNP type triode BG913The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected26The collector and the PNP type triode BG914The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected27The collector and the PNP type triode BG915The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected28Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1916The gate of the PNP type triode BK29Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1917The gate of the PNP type triode BK30Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1918The gate of the PNP type triode BK31The collector and the PNP type triode BG91The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected32The collector and the PNP type triode BG92The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected33The collector and the PNP type triode BG93The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected34Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT194The gate of the PNP type triode BK35Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT195The gate of the PNP type triode BK36Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT196Is connected to the gate of (a).
Preferably, the forward and reverse rotation control circuit further comprises a forward and reverse rotation protection circuit, and the forward and reverse rotation protection circuit comprises a unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier BT21N-channel junction field effect transistor BT20PNP type triode BG1And NPN type triode BG2The N-channel junction field effect transistor BT20Gate pass resistance R20Connected with ground, the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT20And the NPN type triode BG2The emitter of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT20And the NPN type triode BG2The base of the NPN type triode BG is connected2Base electrode through resistor R2And the PNP type triode BG1The NPN type triode BG2Collector through resistor R1And the PNP type triode BG1The base of the PNP type triode BG1Collector electrode of and the one-way thyristor BT21Is connected with the control electrode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier BT21Cathode through resistance R21Ground, said one-way reliable silicon BT21The anode of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the moving end of the single-pole double-throw switch.
Preferably, be equipped with excitation winding on motor body's the rotor, excitation winding provides exciting current through the porcelain pot transformer, the porcelain pot transformer is including fixing the primary iron core on motor body's the stator and fixing the epaxial secondary iron core that rotates of motor body's rotor, primary iron core with secondary iron core coaxial arrangement has the clearance, primary iron core is the opening orientation secondary iron core's cylindric form, the excitation winding is equipped with excitation winding on motor body's the rotor, excitation winding provides exciting current through the porcelain pot transformer, the porcelain pot transformer is including fixing primary ironThe primary iron core is coaxially provided with a magnetic conductive primary support, the primary support is wound with a transformer primary coil, and the power supply switch power supply TA1The secondary iron core is in a cylindrical shape with an opening facing the primary iron core, a magnetic conductive secondary support is coaxially arranged on the secondary iron core, a transformer secondary coil is wound on the secondary support, and current output by the transformer secondary coil supplies power to the excitation winding after passing through a rectifier.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken at D in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at E in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at F of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view taken at H in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a commutator stator core and a commutator rotor core in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a commutator signal sensing circuit, a test sensing circuit and an analog voltage generating circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of an AC power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the distribution of stator windings in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure and installation of the porcelain tank transformer according to the embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals are explained below: the rotor comprises a commutator stator iron core 1, a commutator rotor iron core 2, a primary iron core 3, a transformer primary coil 4, a secondary iron core 5, a transformer secondary coil 6, a rectifier 7, a rotating shaft 8 and an excitation winding 9.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a multifunctional speed-regulating motor system for regulating and controlling power supply or converting power generation according to a command speed comprises a motor body, a commutator structure, a motor driving circuit, a reverse charging circuit and a control circuit;
the motor body comprises a stator winding, the stator winding adopts a three-way and three-phase winding arrangement mode, 9 taps are led out, and the 9 taps are simultaneously and electrically connected with a motor driving circuit and an anti-loop charging circuit;
the commutator structure body comprises two commutator stator cores and a commutator rotor core which are coaxially arranged, the commutator rotor core is positioned between the two commutator stator cores, 36 stator slots are formed in the inner circumference of the commutator stator core, 36 stator teeth are formed between every two adjacent stator slots, exciting coils are respectively wound on 18 stator teeth which are distributed at intervals and are connected in series with the exciting coils, a magnetic conduction section which can form a magnetic flux loop with the commutator stator cores with set length is embedded in the outer circumference of the commutator rotor core, and the commutator rotor core synchronously rotates along with the rotor of the motor body; the motor also comprises a first-phase alternating-current power supply and a second-phase alternating-current power supply which has a phase difference of 90 degrees with the first-phase alternating-current power supply, wherein the first-phase alternating-current power supply and the second-phase alternating-current power supply are respectively connected with an excitation coil on one of the commutator stator cores;
the motor driving circuit comprises a commutator signal induction circuit and a field effect tube output circuit; the rectifier sub-signal induction circuit comprises induction windings distributed on the rest 18 stator teeth and 18 rectification voltage-limiting output circuits connected with the induction windings in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the output end of each rectification voltage-limiting output circuit is connected with the input end of the field-effect tube output circuit, and the output end of the field-effect tube output circuit is connected with the stator windings of the motor body and drives the stator windings of the motor body to perform phase-changing excitation;
the reverse charging circuit comprises a charging rectifying circuit and a charging boost switch power circuit; the input end of the charging rectification circuit is connected with the stator winding wiring end of the motor main body, and the output end of the charging rectification circuit is connected with the power supply input end of the charging boost switch power supply circuit;
the control circuit consists of a speed measuring induction circuit, an analog voltage generating circuit and a bridge balancing circuit; the speed measuring induction circuit comprises a speed measuring coil and 72 speed measuring rectifying circuits wound at the yoke part of each stator slot, each speed measuring coil is connected with two corresponding speed measuring rectifying circuits, the two speed measuring rectifying circuits are correspondingly connected with an analog voltage generating circuit, and the output ends of the two speed measuring rectifying circuits connected with the same speed measuring coil are connected with the input end of one analog voltage generating circuit;
the bridge balancing circuit is provided with two voltage comparison ends and two output ends, wherein one voltage comparison end is used as a speed measuring point and connected with the output end of the analog voltage generating circuit, and the other voltage comparison end is used as a speed regulating point and connected with a rotating speed regulating and controlling reference voltage point; one output end is connected with the control end of the field effect tube output circuit, and when the rotation angular speed of the motor is not higher than the regulation speed, the field effect tube output circuit is opened to supply power to the stator winding; and the other output end of the motor is connected with the control end of the charging boost switch power supply circuit, and when the rotation angular speed of the motor is higher than the regulation speed, the charging boost switch power supply circuit is turned on, the field effect tube output circuit is turned off, and the induced current of the stator winding is reversely output.
The motor main body is a brushless synchronous motor with infinite acceleration, the rectifier substructure of the motor is to disconnect or connect the magnetic circuit of the transformer to obtain the switching signal of each phase winding, and the program of the signal is completely consistent with the switching program of the brushless synchronous motor; the method uses a synchronous signal to control a field effect transistor switch motor winding power supply; the windings are distributed by arranging three-phase motor windings at a distance of 20 degrees, and have the characteristics of large synchronous acceleration torque and high efficiency.
The control circuit is formed by winding two speed-measuring induction coils in each rectifier transformer, and the output current is rectified and then passes through respective charge limiting capacitors C4、C5Metering output is carried out, a voltage signal of the rotating speed of the motor can be obtained continuously at the first time, and the voltage signal is used for controlling the running state of the motor main body through the bridge balancing circuit; the motor is changed into a motor which applies force only when the command speed is maintained, and the motor is automatically changed into starting operation when the external force drives the motor to rotate; the motor obtains the highest working efficiency.
The bridge balancing circuit is formed by connecting a PN junction from the emitter to the base of a PNP tube and a PN junction from the base to the emitter of an NPN tube in series and then connecting the PNP junction and the PN junction with the same electrode of two series diodes in parallel; the emitter of the PNP tube is connected with the motor speed regulation voltage, and the base electrodes of the two triodes are connected in series with the node to be connected with the speed measurement signal voltage.
The commutator transformer is composed of two stator cores with 36 slots, a rotor core capable of closing part of stator slot tooth magnetic flux loop and each winding; 18 primary windings are wound on 18 iron core teeth of the stator iron core at intervals and then connected in series, a commutator signal output coil is wound on the remaining 18 iron core teeth, and a speed measuring coil is wound at the forehead part in the depth of each iron core slot. Therefore, when each commutator output signal applies force to the motor rotor, the control circuit can acquire the change of the rotor speed in time, and the loss caused by the oscillation operation of the motor between the force application and the power generation is avoided.
Because the rectifier uses an alternating current power supply, the secondary output is rectified, and a complete rectifier output voltage wave cannot be directly obtained under the condition of not using a capacitor for filtering; the invention adopts two commutators with 90-degree power supply phase to output in parallel, and can complement the deficiency of the output voltage wave of the commutators.
Therefore, 9 taps are led out of the stator winding, and the 9 taps are simultaneously connected with the motor driving circuit and the reverse charging circuit, so that the motor driving circuit can input current to the stator winding to enable the motor body to run in an electric state, and meanwhile, the stator winding can also output current to the reverse charging circuit to enable the motor body to be in a power generation running state.
The commutator structure is provided with two commutator stator cores and one commutator rotor core, and the exciting coils on the commutator stator cores are respectively supplied with power through a phase alternating current power supply, so that complementary filtering can be implemented, and the interference of an input power supply of the commutator structure on a commutator output voltage wave is eliminated.
After the excitation coil is electrified, an alternating current power supply is induced in the induction winding according to the transformer principle, the alternating current power supply induced by the induction winding is input into the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit, the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit rectifies and limits the voltage of the alternating current power supply and outputs the rectified voltage-limiting power supply to the field effect tube output circuit, and the field effect tube output circuit drives the stator winding to perform phase-changing excitation.
The speed measuring coil and the speed measuring and rectifying circuit wound on the yoke part of the stator slot can detect the speed of the motor body in real time, convert a detected speed signal into an analog voltage signal through the analog voltage generating circuit and then connect with a speed measuring point on the bridge balancing circuit, and then control the running state of the motor body by comparing the voltage of the speed measuring point on the bridge balancing circuit with the voltage of the speed regulating point.
When the voltage of the speed measuring point is lower than the set value of the voltage of the speed regulating point, namely the rotation angular speed of the motor is not higher than the regulation speed, the output circuit of the field effect tube is switched on to supply power to the stator winding, the charging step-up switch power supply circuit is switched off, and the motor body is in an electric running state after the stator winding is electrified;
when the voltage of the speed measuring point is higher than the set value of the voltage of the speed regulating point, namely the rotation angular speed of the motor is higher than the regulation speed, the bridge balancing circuit drives the charging and boosting switch power supply circuit to be switched on, the output circuit of the field effect tube is switched off, the stator winding loses power, the motor body runs in a power generation state under the action of inertia of the motor body, and the output current of the motor body is rectified, boosted by the charging and boosting switch power supply circuit and then charged to external equipment such as a storage battery.
Meanwhile, when the commutator rotor core rotates, the magnetic conduction section on the commutator rotor core rotates together, when the magnetic conduction section just moves to a period of just entering a magnetic flux loop connected with one induction winding, a magnetic flux loop is formed among the speed measuring coil positioned at the coming side of the magnetic conduction section, the induction winding and the excitation winding, the magnetic flux loop is gradually increased in the rotation process of the commutator rotor core until the arc surface of the iron core of the induction winding is completely overlapped with the magnetic conduction section, the magnetic flux of the speed measuring coil positioned in the magnetic flux loop is increased to the maximum value, and no magnetic flux passes through the speed measuring coil at the other side of the induction winding; along with the continuous rotation of the commutator rotor core, the magnetic flux in the speed measuring coil originally positioned in the magnetic flux loop is gradually reduced to zero, and the magnetic flux at the position of the speed measuring coil without the passing of the magnetic flux is gradually increased to the maximum value, so that in the rotation process of the commutator rotor core, when the magnetic conduction section of the commutator rotor core passes through each induction winding, the magnetic fluxes in the magnetic flux loops of the speed measuring coil at two sides of the induction winding are all from small to large, the speed signal obtained by the speed measuring coil is a sawtooth wave signal, and the slope of the sawtooth wave is changed in an ascending way, namely the angular speed change when the motor rotates to the section. Because the left and the right of each induction winding are provided with the speed measuring coil, all the saw-tooth waves for measuring the speed can be linked in sequence to form a speed measuring signal for synchronously and continuously tracking the angular speed.
When the scheme is in actual use, the speed measuring coil is used for synchronously tracking the angular speed change of the motor body, when the rotating speed of the motor body is lower than a set rotating speed, namely when the voltage of a speed measuring point is lower than a set value of a voltage of a command balance point, the output circuit of the field effect tube supplies power to the stator winding so as to drive the rotor of the motor body to rotate in an accelerated manner, an analog voltage signal converted from a speed signal of the motor body detected by the speed measuring induction circuit is transmitted to the voltage of the speed measuring point and floats to the set value of the voltage of the balance point, the output circuit of the field effect tube is caused to stop supplying power to the stator winding at the moment, the voltage of the speed measuring point floats to the set value lower than the voltage of the balance point under the action of a load; the motor body is supplied with power in an equivalent manner according to the load requirement, so that the phenomenon that a large horse pulls a trolley with small load and large power supply is avoided, the waste of electric quantity is reduced, and the energy-saving effect of the motor is greatly improved; meanwhile, when an external force drags the rotor of the motor body, so that the rotating speed of the rotor is higher than the set rotating speed (for example, when a vehicle motor runs on a downhill), the voltage of a speed measuring point is higher than the set value of the voltage of a balance point, the motor is immediately changed into a generator to run, the generated electricity can be used for charging external equipment (for example, a storage battery on the vehicle), and the rotating speed of the rotor of the motor is reduced in the power generation process until the set rotating speed is maintained; when the external force disappears, the rotating speed of the rotor is reduced to be lower than the set rotating speed, at the moment, the output circuit of the field effect tube is automatically opened again, the stator winding is electrified, the rotating speed of the rotor is driven to rise, and the steps are repeated.
Therefore, the motor can automatically adjust the input current according to the rotating speed, greatly improve the energy-saving effect of the motor, and simultaneously can automatically switch between the electric state and the power generation state.
Besides large torque and high efficiency, the motor can adjust current input at any time according to the load change requirement, and accurately implement digital power supply for energy conservation; when the power generation function is not used, the motor is a motor which cannot achieve the energy-saving effect of other motors at the present time. When the vehicle motor needs to run in a speed reducing mode, the motor is automatically converted into a generator to run, the vehicle can be braked to run according to the instruction speed without consuming the brake, the braking is safer than braking, and large power supply reserve can be obtained to greatly prolong the cruising ability of the vehicle; the energy-saving and emission-reducing effect of the motor is pushed to the great energy-saving degree.
In the present embodiment, the analog voltage generating circuit includes a metering capacitor C4And a reset diode D4Unidirectional output diode D6Reset resistor R3And a reflux resistance R5Measuring capacitance C4One end of each of the resistors is connected with a reset resistor R3One end of the voltage measuring and rectifying circuit is connected with the output end of the speed measuring and rectifying circuit, and the capacitor C is measured4The other end of the first and second diodes are respectively connected with a reset diode D4Cathode and unidirectional output diode D6Is connected to the anode of a reset diode D4Anode and reset resistor R3The other end of the analog voltage generating circuits is grounded after being connected, the number of the analog voltage generating circuits is 36, and unidirectional output diodes D in the 36 analog voltage generating circuits6The cathode is connected in parallel and then connected with a reflux resistor R5Is connected at one end with a reflux resistor R5And the other end of the same is grounded.
Thus, the signal after rectification output by the tachometer coil is loaded to the metering capacitor C4A unidirectional output diode D for outputting a limited amount of voltage to form a segment tracking detection signal and 36 analog voltage generation circuits6Connecting each segment with the speed detection signal to form an uninterrupted speed detection signalAfter passing through the reflux resistor, the measurement signal becomes an analog voltage signal which changes with the speed at any time and is input to a speed measurement point of the bridge balance circuit.
Thus, during the rise of the potential of the tachometer signal, the current passes through the metering capacitor C4And a connection reflux resistor R5Unidirectional output diode D6Implementing metering charging, and stopping when the potential rises to a peak; once the potential drops, the current passes through the reset diode D with the anode grounded4To measurement capacitance C4Resetting; thus, the reflux resistance R5The voltage at both ends changes synchronously with the rotation angular velocity of the motor.
In this embodiment, the bridge balancing circuit includes a PNP type triode BG3NPN type triode BG4Diode D8Diode D9Speed-regulating potentiometer W and resistor R6Diode D21Diode D22Capacitor C6Inductor L, diode D31Diode D32And PNP type triode BG5The sliding end of the speed-regulating potentiometer is connected with a speed-regulating point, the other two ends of the speed-regulating potentiometer are respectively grounded and connected with a direct-current power supply output by the rectifier signal induction circuit, and the PNP type triode BG3The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with a speed measuring point3The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with a speed regulation point3Is electrically connected with the output circuit of the field effect transistor, and a diode D8Is connected with a speed regulation point, a diode D8Cathode and diode D9Is connected to the anode of diode D9Cathode and NPN type triode BG4Is connected with an NPN type triode BG4And also respectively connected with a resistor R6And a diode D21Is connected to the cathode, resistor R6Is grounded, diode D21Respectively with the diode D22Cathode and capacitor C6Is connected to one end of a diode D22The anode of the transistor is respectively connected with one end of the inductor L and the NPN type triode BG4The other end of the inductor L is respectively connected with a diode D32Anode and capacitor C6The other end of the first and second voltage-measuring circuits is connected with a speed-measuring outputPoint connection, diode D32Is connected with a cathode through a reflux resistor R5Grounded NPN type triode BG4Collector through resistor R10And PNP type triode BG5Base electrode of the PNP type triode BG5Collector and diode D31Is connected to the anode of diode D31Is connected with a cathode through a reflux resistor R5Grounded PNP type triode BG5Emitter and photoelectric coupler B2The anode of the diode in the photoelectric coupler B is connected2The cathode of the diode in the photoelectric coupler B is grounded2The collector of the NPN type triode is connected with the charging boost switching power circuit.
Thus, since the current is output by metering, it depends on the back current resistor R5Obtaining voltages with different speeds, and causing voltage reduction fluctuation when outputting current; in the scheme, a diode D is added in the bridge circuit31Diode D32And PNP type triode BG5(ii) a Opening NPN type triode BG at speed measurement signal4When the current is outputted by the speed measuring signal, the current passes through the reflux resistor R at the same time5And a resistance R6Then, the NPN type triode BG is grounded4Opening PNP type triode BG5PNP type triode BG5Through the diode D31Applying a voltage of 12V to the return resistor R5Two ends, simultaneously block the output current of the speed measurement signal from passing through the reflux resistor R5In the ground, due to the back current resistance R5Is equal to the resistance R6The resistance value and the speed measuring voltage can not be caused by opening the NPN type triode BG4Thereby generating voltage fluctuation; in PNP type triode BG5Through diode D31Applying a voltage of 12V to the return resistor R5At both ends, diode D32Can block 12V voltage from being loaded to a speed measuring point, and is arranged in an NPN type triode BG4When turned off, the diode D31And can also block the speed measuring voltage from being loaded to the PNP type triode BG5The collector electrode of (1). Therefore, in the whole speed measuring process, the speed measuring voltage can not be generated by opening the NPN type triode BG4And voltage fluctuation is generated, so that the accuracy of signals in the whole speed measuring process is ensured, and the speed measuring precision is improved.
The PN junction voltage of the diode is conducted at 0.7V; the PN junction voltage between the base electrode and the emitting electrode of the triode can not be conducted when the voltage is lower than or equal to 0.7V and can be conducted when the voltage exceeds 0.7V under the action of an electric field of a collector electrode, and the potential of a speed measuring point in the scheme is always higher than that of an NPN type triode BG4The voltage of the emitter of (a) is higher by one PN junction voltage (0.7V); the speed regulation point is the regulation voltage of a speed regulation potentiometer W, and the voltage of the speed regulation point is always compared with that of an NPN type triode BG4The voltage of the emitter is higher than two PN junction voltages (1.4V); therefore, the voltage of the speed regulating point is 0.7V higher than that of the speed measuring point under the action of the balance circuit; at the same time, charging boost switch power TA2At a photoelectric coupler B2Is in off state when conducting, and is in photoelectric coupler B2When closed, the valve is in an open state.
When the speed measuring voltage loaded to the speed measuring point is lower than the speed regulating point voltage by 0.7V, the PNP type triode BG3The emitting electrode and the base electrode exceed a PN junction voltage, and the PNP type triode BG3Conducting and then passing through PNP type triode BG3The collector electrode drives the field effect tube output circuit to supply power to the stator winding, the motor body is in an electric running state, and one path of current of the speed regulating point is from the PNP type triode BG3Flows to the base electrode, and the other current passes through the diode D8And a diode D9Reach NPN type triode BG4So that the NPN type triode BG4The voltage of an emitter is lower than the voltages of two PN junctions at a speed regulation point, and an NPN type triode BG is pulled down at the voltage of a rotating speed signal4NPN type triode BG under the condition of base voltage4No current can be formed between the base and the emitter, and an NPN type triode BG4Is in a closed state and is connected with an NPN type triode BG4PNP type triode BG connected with collector5Is also in an off state, and the photoelectric coupler B2The charging step-up switch power supply circuit is in a closed state, and the motor body is in an electric running state;
when the speed measuring voltage loaded to the speed measuring point is equal to the voltage of the speed regulating point minus 0.7V, the PNP type triode BG3Exactly one PN junction between the emitter and the baseVoltage PNP type triode BG3When the power supply is closed, the field effect tube output circuit stops supplying power to the stator winding; simultaneous NPN type triode BG4The base electrode and the emitter electrode of the NPN type triode BG can not form current4The charging and boosting switch power supply circuit is in a closed state, the motor body does not input current or output current at the moment, and the motor body can only run in an inertia neutral gear and is in an idle running state;
when the speed measuring voltage loaded to the speed measuring point is higher than the speed regulating point voltage by 0.7V, the PNP type triode BG3The emitting electrode and the base electrode of the PNP type triode BG are lower than a PN junction voltage3When the motor is turned off, the winding power supply driving circuit stops supplying power to the stator winding, and the NPN type triode BG4The base voltage is pulled up to be higher than the emitter voltage by the voltage of the rotating speed signal by a PN junction, and the NPN type triode BG4Is turned on, and its collector simultaneously turns on PNP type triode BG5Photoelectric coupler B2Then closed, charging boost switch power supply TA2The motor body is turned on, the motor body is in a power generation running state at the moment, and the output current of the motor body is rectified and then charges external equipment (such as a storage battery) through the charging and boosting switching power supply circuit.
Meanwhile, when high-frequency alternating current wave is loaded, because of the diode D21Is a germanium tube, the voltage drop of the PN junction is 0.3v, and the current passes through the capacitor C6Rear pass diode D21Reach the F point, NPN type triode BG4Closing; when the capacitor capacity is saturated, a certain voltage exists at two ends of the inductor L due to the existence of the inductor L, so that BG is caused4Or in an off state; in the capacitor C6During reset, a reset current passes through the diode D22And an inductor L generates a loop, and a certain voltage continues to exist at two ends of the inductor L to enable BG4Or in the off state. Thus, BG can only be turned on by low frequency AC and over-voltage DC4The motor can automatically identify the speed measurement signal, and the charging switch power circuit can not be opened in an confused mode.
In addition, because the capacitor for filtering in the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit requires short reset time, the problems that the input alternating current interferes with the voltage of a speed measurement signal and the mechanical vibration of a rotor of a motor body interferes with the voltage of the speed measurement signal need to be solved, and in order to eliminate the two problems, the speed regulation voltage of the motor is taken out of the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit; therefore, even if the interference occurs, the speed measuring point and the speed regulating point of the bridge balancing circuit can synchronously obtain the interference signals, and the bridge balancing circuit can automatically ignore the interference signals.
In this embodiment, the apparatus further comprises an ac wave removing circuit, and the ac wave removing circuit comprises a diode D21Diode D22And an inductor L, a diode D21Respectively with a capacitor C6And a diode D22Is connected to the cathode of a diode D21Cathode and diode D9Is connected to the cathode of a diode D22The anode of the transistor is respectively connected with one end of the inductor L and the NPN type triode BG4Is connected with the base electrode of the inductor L, and the other end of the inductor L is connected with the capacitor C6The other end of the connecting rod is connected.
Thus, when a high frequency AC wave is applied, the diode D21Is a germanium tube, the voltage drop of the PN junction is 0.3v, and the current passes through the capacitor C6Rear pass diode D21Reach the F point, NPN type triode BG4Closing; when the capacitor capacity is saturated, a certain voltage exists at two ends of the inductor L due to the existence of the inductor L, so that BG is caused4Or in an off state; in the capacitor C6During reset, a reset current passes through the diode D22And an inductor L generates a loop, and a certain voltage continues to exist at two ends of the inductor L to enable BG4Or in the off state. Thus, BG can only be turned on by low frequency AC and over-voltage DC4The motor can automatically identify the speed measurement signal, and the charging switch power circuit can not be opened in an confused mode.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the power supply device further includes an ac power supply circuit, where the ac power supply circuit includes an oscillator circuit and a 90 ° phase shift circuit, the oscillator circuit is configured to generate a single-phase ac power, the 90 ° phase shift circuit is electrically connected to the oscillator circuit and configured to convert the single-phase ac power generated by the oscillator circuit into a two-phase ac power, and the two-phase ac power generated by the 90 ° phase shift circuit is output to the first ac power and the second ac power respectively;
the rectifying voltage-limiting output circuit comprises a diode D1Voltage reducing resistor R1Resistance R2Voltage stabilizing diode DW1Diode D1Is connected to the induction winding, diode D1Cathode and voltage dropping resistor R1Is connected to a step-down resistor R1The other end of each of the resistors R and R is connected with2Is connected to one end of a voltage stabilizing diode DW1The cathode of the resistor R2 is connected with the anode of a voltage stabilizing diode DW 1;
the speed-measuring rectifying circuit comprises two diodes D2Two diodes D2The anodes of the two diodes D are respectively connected with one end of the speed measuring coil2The cathodes of the analog voltage generating circuit are connected in parallel and then connected with the input end of the analog voltage generating circuit.
Thus, the whole alternating current power supply circuit is designed to firstly generate one-phase alternating current by the oscillating circuit, then obtain two-phase alternating current by the 90-degree phase-shifting circuit, and then respectively output in parallel through the first alternating current power supply and the first alternating current power supply, so that the fragment direct current without time delay can be obtained; however, the direct current has certain voltage fluctuation, and the current output by the rectifier signal induction circuit is extremely small; therefore, after the current-limiting resistor is used, the voltage of the fluctuating part of the direct current of the segment can be directly filtered by the voltage stabilizing diode; the speed measurement signal is not influenced by the voltage fluctuation because when the output voltage of the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit fluctuates, the voltage of the speed regulation point and the voltage of the speed measurement point fluctuate synchronously, and the bridge balance circuit does not respond. While the high-frequency alternating current output by the induction winding passes through the diode D1After rectification, the voltage is reduced through a voltage reduction resistor R1And a zener diode DW1Then, the signal is converted into a square wave signal with the amplitude of 5V, and an output signal of the rectifier signal induction circuit is formed, and the output signal is used as a driving signal of a field effect tube output circuit. The speed measuring rectifying circuit rectifies the alternating current signal generated by the speed measuring coil and outputs the rectified alternating current signal to the analog voltage generating circuit.
In this embodiment, the fet output circuit includes a power supply, an upper tube driving circuit connected to a positive electrode of the power supply, and a lower tube driving circuit connected to a negative electrode of the power supply, the upper tube driving circuit includes a first phase upper tube driving circuit, a second phase upper tube driving circuit, and a third phase upper tube driving circuit, an output end of the first phase upper tube driving circuit is connected to the U-phase stator winding, an output end of the second phase upper tube driving circuit is connected to the V-phase stator winding, an output end of the third phase upper tube driving circuit is connected to the W-phase stator winding, the lower tube driving circuit includes a first phase lower tube driving circuit, a second phase lower tube driving circuit, and a third phase lower tube driving circuit, an output end of the first phase lower tube driving circuit is connected to the U-phase stator winding, an output end of the second phase lower tube driving circuit is connected to the V-phase stator winding, and an output end of the third phase, and the upper tube driving circuit and the lower tube driving circuit which are connected with the stator winding of the same phase cannot be conducted at the same time.
Therefore, according to the output signal of the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit, the upper tube driving circuit and the lower tube driving circuit which are connected between the anode and the cathode of the power supply are conducted, and therefore electric energy is provided for stator windings in different phases.
In this embodiment, the motor body includes a motor stator core, 36 motor stator slots are formed in the motor stator core, the motor body is four-stage, each of the U, V, W three-phase stator windings is correspondingly provided with A, B, C three-phase windings, as shown in fig. 9, a total of 36 coil windings are wound on the core teeth of each two adjacent stator slots, 18 coil windings at intervals are wound in the same direction and connected in series, and then two interfaces and a power supply switching power supply TA are led out1Connected and acting as an induction winding TLThe remaining 18 coil windings are used as 18 commutator windings T1-T18When in use, the outer circumference of the rotor 2 is embedded with a magnetic conduction section T which spans the length of 10 stator slots, and a rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z1-Z18Respectively connected with the commutator winding T1-T18Correspondingly connected field effect transistor output circuit Q1-Q18Respectively connected with a rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z1-Z18Correspond toConnecting;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor1Comprises a PNP type triode BG91And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1PNP type triode BG91The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with a bridge balancing circuit91Emitter and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z1Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG91Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply1The drain electrode of the U-phase stator winding is connected with the A-path winding of the U-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor2Comprises a PNP type triode BG92And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT2PNP type triode BG92The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with a bridge balancing circuit92Emitter and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z2Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG92Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT2Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT2The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply2The drain electrode of the U-phase stator winding is connected with the B-path winding of the U-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor3Comprises a PNP type triode BG93And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT3PNP type triode BG92The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with a bridge balancing circuit93Emitter and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z3Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG93Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT3Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT3The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply3The drain electrode of the U-phase stator winding is connected with the C-path winding of the U-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor4Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT194And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT4N-channel junction field effect transistor BT194Grid and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z4Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT194Drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT4Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT194The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded4The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply4The source electrode of the transformer is connected with the A-way winding of the V-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor5Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT195And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT5N-channel junction field effect transistor BT195Grid and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z5Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT195Drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT5Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT195The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded5The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply5The source electrode of the transformer is connected with a B-path winding of the V-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor6Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT196And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT6N-channel junction field effect transistor BT196Grid and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z6Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT196Drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT6Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT196The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded6The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply6The source electrode of the transformer is connected with a C-path winding of the V-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor7Comprises a PNP type triode BG97And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT7PNP type triode BG97The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with a bridge balancing circuit97Emitter and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z7Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG97Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT7Of a gate connection, N-channel junction field effectManaged BT7The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply7The drain electrode of the transformer is connected with the A-path winding of the V-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor8Comprises a PNP type triode BG98And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT8PNP type triode BG98The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with a bridge balancing circuit98Emitter and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z8Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG98Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT8Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT8The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply8The drain electrode of the transformer is connected with a B-path winding of the V-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor9Comprises a PNP type triode BG99And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT9PNP type triode BG99The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with a bridge balancing circuit99Emitter and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z9Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG99Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT9Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT9The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply9The drain electrode of the transformer is connected with a C-path winding of the V-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor10Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1910And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT10N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1910Grid and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z10Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1910Drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT10Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1910The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded10The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply10The source electrode of the transformer is connected with the A-path winding of the W-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor11Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1911And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT11N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1911Grid and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z11Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1911Drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT11Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1911The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded11The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply11The source of the transformer is connected with a B-path winding of the W-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor12Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1912And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT12N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1912Grid and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z12Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1912Drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT12Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1912The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded12The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply12The source electrode of the transformer is connected with a C-path winding of the W-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor13Comprises a PNP type triode BG913And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT13PNP type triode BG913The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with a bridge balancing circuit913Emitter and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z13Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG913Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT13Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT13The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply13The drain electrode of the phase-locked loop is connected with the A-path winding of the W-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor14Comprises a PNP type triode BG914And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT14PNP type triode BG914The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with a bridge balancing circuit914Is transmitted byPole and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z14Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG914Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT14Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT14The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply14The drain electrode of the transformer is connected with a B-path winding of the W-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor15Comprises a PNP type triode BG915And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT15PNP type triode BG915The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with a bridge balancing circuit915Emitter and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z15Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG915Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT15Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT15The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of a power supply15The drain electrode of the transformer is connected with a C-path winding of the W-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor16Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1916And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT16N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1916Grid and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z16Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1916Drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT16Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1916The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded16The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply16The source electrode of the U-phase stator winding is connected with the A-path winding of the U-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor17Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1917And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT17N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1917Grid and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z17Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1917Drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT17Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1917Is grounded, P-channel junction field effectTube BT17The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply17The source electrode of the U-phase stator winding is connected with the B-path winding of the U-phase stator winding;
output circuit Q of field effect transistor18Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1918And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT18N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1918Grid and rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z18Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1918Drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT18Is connected with the grid electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1918The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded18The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply18Is connected with the C-way winding of the U-phase stator winding.
Thus, when rotating in the forward direction, the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z is sequentially switched on1-Z3The power output ends of the PNP triodes BG are respectively used for control91-BG93Then, the N-channel JFET BT is respectively connected with the output circuits of the U-phase A, B, C lower tube FETs1-BT3The gate of (2) is connected for use; output circuit Z for limiting voltage of rectification4-Z6The power output ends of the N-channel junction field effect transistors BT respectively194-196Then, the P-channel junction field effect transistors BT are respectively connected to the output circuits of the P-channel junction field effect transistors BT in the V-phase A, B, C upper tube field effect transistor output circuits4-BT6The gate of (2) is connected for use; output circuit Z for limiting voltage of rectification7-Z9The power output ends of the PNP triodes BG are respectively used for control97-BG99Then, the N-channel junction field effect transistors BT are respectively connected to the output circuits of the V-phase A, B, C lower tube field effect transistors7-BT9The gate of (2) is connected for use; output circuit Z for limiting voltage of rectification10-Z12The power output ends of the N-channel junction field effect transistors BT respectively1910-1912Then, the P-channel junction field effect transistors BT are respectively connected to the output circuits of the W-phase A, B, C upper tube field effect transistors10-BT12Is used for connecting the grid of the rectifier to limit the voltage of the output circuit Z13-Z15The power output ends of the PNP triodes BG are respectively used for control913-BG915Then, the N-channel JFET BT is respectively connected to the W-phase A, B, C low tube FET output circuits13-BT15The gate of (2) is connected for use; output circuit Z for limiting voltage of rectification16-Z18The power output ends of the N-channel junction field effect transistors BT respectively1916-1918Then, the P-channel junction field effect transistors BT are respectively connected to the output circuits of the tube field effect transistors BT on the U-phase A, B, C paths16-BT18The gate connection of (2) is used.
When the motor body operates, firstly, the magnetic conduction section T is set to be positioned on the induction winding T1-T5At the corresponding stator slot, the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z1-Z3The output electric energy passes through the PNP type triode BG respectively91-93N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1N-channel junction field effect transistor BT2And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT3Opening three output tubes connected with the cathode of the power supply; and the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z4-Z5The output electric energy passes through the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT respectively194And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT195P-channel junction field effect transistor BT4And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT5Opening two output tubes connected with the anode of the power supply; thus, only the junction field effect transistor BT connected at the P channel4And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT5And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT2The two stator windings between the two stator windings can be excited by a power supply, and the excitation directions of the two stator windings pull the rotor 2 to rotate between the two windings; along with the synchronous rotation of the magnetic conduction section T on the rotor 2, the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z1The output of (1) disappears, and the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is closed4And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1A stator winding power supply in between; only P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is left in the circuit5And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT2The connected stator winding power is turned on, whereby the stator winding excitation direction is shifted forward by 10 degrees toThe rotor 2 is pulled to continue rotating by the excitation direction of the stator winding, and the instant rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z6The output electric energy turns on the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT6P-channel junction field effect transistor BT6And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT3The stator winding power source connected between is turned on, and a P-channel junction field effect transistor BT5And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT2The windings are connected in parallel for excitation, the excitation directions of the windings are continuously shifted forward by 10 degrees, the rotor 2 is continuously pulled to rotate when the windings are shifted to the two stator windings, and the synchronously rotating magnetic conduction section T also enables the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z to be driven2The output power supply of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT disappears5And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT2The power supply of the winding is turned off, and only the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT remains in the circuit6And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT3A stator winding power supply exists between the rotor and the rotor, the winding excitation direction continuously shifts forwards by 10 degrees, and the rotor is moved to the excitation direction of the winding to pull the rotor 2 to continuously rotate … …; thus, according to the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z1-Z18Sequentially turning off and turning on the field effect transistors connected with the motor, so that the motor can output power in a maximum torque output state under the condition of the highest conversion efficiency.
In the present embodiment, at each induction winding T1-T18Are respectively provided with a speed measuring coil which is connected with the induction winding T1The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T1AAnd T1BIn the same way as the induction winding T2The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T2AAnd T2BAnd the induction winding T3The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T3AAnd T3BAnd the induction winding T4The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T4AAnd T4BAnd the induction winding T5The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T5AAnd T5BAnd the induction winding T6The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T6AAnd T6BAnd the induction winding T7The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T7AAnd T7BAnd the induction winding T8The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T8AAnd T8BAnd the induction winding T9The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T9AAnd T9BAnd the induction winding T10The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T10AAnd T10BAnd the induction winding T11The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T11AAnd T11BAnd the induction winding T12The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T12AAnd T12BAnd the induction winding T13The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T13AAnd T13BAnd the induction winding T14The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T14AAnd T14BAnd the induction winding T15The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T15AAnd T15BAnd the induction winding T16The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T16AAnd T16BAnd the induction winding T17The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T17AAnd T17BAnd the induction winding T18The two corresponding speed measuring coils are respectively T18AAnd T18B。
Thus, according to the direction of rotation of FIG. 6, when the magnetically conducting segment T moves from right to left to just enter the connecting induction winding T1Period of the magnetic flux circuit, from its right induction winding TLMagnetic flux of excitation, passing through TL、T1BAnd T1The magnetic flux forming the magnetic flux circuit gradually increases until T1The cambered surfaces of the iron cores are completely overlapped by T, and the magnetic flux is increased to the limit; at this time period T1ANo magnetic flux passing through when T1BAfter the magnetic flux reaches the limit, T starts to connect T1And its left side TLMagnetic flux excited until its left side TLAfter the iron core cambered surfaces are completely overlapped by T, T1AAfter the magnetic flux reaches the limit, T starts to connect with T again18And its right side TLThe magnetic flux of (a); thus, at T18To T1While the high-frequency alternating current of each is sequentially and circularly output, the speed measuring winding also sequentially and circularly outputs a high-frequency alternating current signal from weak to strong.
In this embodiment, the apparatus further includes a forward/reverse rotation control circuit, the forward/reverse rotation control circuit includes a single-pole double-throw switch K, a forward rotation control circuit and a reverse rotation control circuit, the forward rotation control circuit includes an emitter and a rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z1-Z18PNP type triode BK connected with power output end1-BK18Each PNP type triode BK1-BK18The base electrode of the PNP triode is connected with one fixed end of a single-pole double-throw switch K after being connected, and the PNP triode BK1Collector and PNP type triode BG91The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK2Collector and PNP type triode BG92The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK3Collector and PNP type triode BG93The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK4Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT194Is connected with the grid of a PNP type triode BK5Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT195Is connected with the grid of a PNP type triode BK6Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT196Is connected with the grid of a PNP type triode BK7Collector and PNP type triode BG97The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK8Collector and PNP type triode BG98The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK9Collector and PNP type triode BG99The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK10Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1910Is connected with the grid of a PNP type triode BK11Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1911Is connected with the grid of a PNP type triode BK12Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1912Is connected with the grid of a PNP type triode BK13Collector and PNP type triode BG913The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK14Collector and PNP type triode BG914The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK15Collector and PNP type triode BG915The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK16Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1916Of the gate electrodePNP type triode BK17Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1917Is connected with the grid of a PNP type triode BK18Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1918The gate of (1) is connected;
the reverse control circuit comprises an emitter and a rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z1-Z18PNP type triode BK connected with power output end19-BK36Each PNP type triode BK19-BK36The base electrode of the PNP triode is connected with the other fixed end of the single-pole double-throw switch K after being connected, and the PNP triode BK19Collector and PNP type triode BG97The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK20Collector and PNP type triode BG98The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK21Collector and PNP type triode BG99The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK22Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1910Is connected with the grid of a PNP type triode BK23Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1911Is connected with the grid of a PNP type triode BK24Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1912Is connected with the grid of a PNP type triode BK25Collector and PNP type triode BG913The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK26Collector and PNP type triode BG914The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK27Collector and PNP type triode BG915The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK28Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1916Is connected with the grid of a PNP type triode BK29Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1917Is connected with the grid of a PNP type triode BK30Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1918Is connected with the grid of a PNP type triode BK31Collector and PNP type triode BG91The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK32Collector and PNP type triode BG92The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK33Collector and PNP type triode BG93Emitter electrode of PNP type triodeBK34Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT194Is connected with the grid of a PNP type triode BK35Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT195Is connected with the grid of a PNP type triode BK36Collector and N-channel junction field effect transistor BT196Is connected to the gate of (a).
Thus, the forward and reverse rotation of the motor body is controlled by the forward and reverse rotation control circuit, the forward rotation control circuit or the reverse rotation control circuit is selected by the single-pole double-throw switch, and when the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the forward rotation control circuit, the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z is connected to the forward rotation control circuit1-Z3The output ends of the two transistors pass through a PNP type triode BK respectively1-BK3A rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z connected with the output circuit of the lower tube field effect tube of the U-phase stator winding4-Z6The output ends of the two transistors pass through a PNP type triode BK respectively4-BK6An upper tube field effect tube output circuit connected with the V-phase stator winding, a rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z7-Z9The output ends of the two transistors pass through a PNP type triode BK respectively7-BK9A rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z connected with the output circuit of the lower tube field effect tube of the V-phase stator winding10-Z12The output ends of the two transistors pass through a PNP type triode BK respectively10-BK12A rectifying voltage-limiting output circuit Z connected with the upper tube field effect tube output circuit of the W-phase stator winding13-Z15The output ends of the two transistors pass through a PNP type triode BK respectively13-BK15A rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z connected with the output circuit of the lower tube field effect tube of the W-phase stator winding16-Z18The output ends of the two transistors pass through a PNP type triode BK respectively16-BK18The output circuit of the upper tube field effect tube is connected with the U-phase stator winding;
when the motor body needs to be reversely rotated, only the rectifying voltage-limiting output circuit Z needs to be changed1-Z18The output end of the transformer is connected with the output circuits of the upper and lower tube field effect tubes of the stator winding of each phase; the single-pole double-throw switch is connected with a reverse control circuit, and a rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z is connected at the moment1-Z3The output ends of the two transistors pass through a PNP type triode BK respectively19-BK21A rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z connected with the output circuit of the lower tube field effect tube of the V-phase stator winding4-Z6The output ends of the two transistors pass through a PNP type triode BK respectively22-BK24A rectifying voltage-limiting output circuit Z connected with the upper tube field effect tube output circuit of the W-phase stator winding7-Z9The output ends of the two transistors pass through a PNP type triode BK respectively25-BK27A rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z connected with the output circuit of the lower tube field effect tube of the W-phase stator winding10-Z12The output ends of the two transistors pass through a PNP type triode BK respectively28-BK30An upper tube field effect tube output circuit connected with the U-phase stator winding, a rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z13-Z15The output ends of the two transistors pass through a PNP type triode BK respectively31-BK33A rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z connected with the output circuit of the lower tube field effect tube of the U-phase stator winding16-Z18The output ends of the two transistors pass through a PNP type triode BK respectively34-BK36The output circuit is connected with an upper tube field effect tube output circuit of the V-phase stator winding;
therefore, the scheme can control the rotation direction of the motor at will through the design of the forward and reverse rotation control circuit and the single-pole double-throw switch, and meanwhile, the forward and reverse rotation control mode is simple and convenient to operate.
The synchronous motor rotation is obtained by keeping a certain included angle between the magnetic poles of the stator and the rotor 2, so that the invention aims at the redirection problem of the motor and firstly fixes the magnetic conduction section on the rotor 2 at one magnetic pole phase of the rotor 2; the commutator phase providing the first phase winding is fixed intermediate the pole pitch of the first and second phase excitation. Thus, as soon as the motor is switched on, the rotor 2 will rotate from the second phase in the direction of the first phase; if the commutators are sequentially provided for the commutating voltage-limiting output circuit of the lower tube of the first phase winding output circuit, the commutators are provided for three lower tubes of the second phase, the commutating voltage-limiting output circuit originally provided for the lower tube of the second phase is provided for the lower tube of the third phase winding output circuit, the commutating voltage-limiting output circuit originally provided for the lower tube of the third phase is provided for the lower tube of the first phase winding output circuit, and the commutating voltage-limiting output circuits provided on the stator winding output circuits of all phases can be sequentially changed in the same way; the motor rotor 2 will rotate from the first phase in the direction of the second phase.
In this embodiment, the forward/reverse control circuit further comprises a forward/reverse protection circuit, and the forward/reverse protection circuit comprises a unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier BT21N-channel junction field effect transistor BT20PNP type triode BG1And NPN type triode BG2N-channel junction field effect transistor BT20Gate pass resistance R20Connected to ground, N-channel junction field effect transistor BT20Source electrode and NPN type triode BG2Is connected with the emitter of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT20Drain electrode of the transistor and NPN type triode BG2Base electrode of the NPN type triode BG2Base electrode through resistor R2And PNP type triode BG1Is connected with an NPN type triode BG2Collector through resistor R1And PNP type triode BG1Base electrode of the PNP type triode BG1Collector electrode and one-way thyristor BT21Control electrode of the silicon controlled rectifier BT21Cathode through resistance R21Grounded, unidirectional reliable silicon BT21The anode of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the moving end of the single-pole double-throw switch.
In order to prevent the problem that the motor suddenly reverses in rotation and the motor is overloaded due to the inertial rotation of the rotor 2, the invention provides the moving end of the single-pole double-throw switch and the one-way controllable silicon BT21Is connected with the anode of the silicon controlled rectifier BT21The trigger circuit comprises an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT20And PNP type triode BG1NPN type triode BG2Composition is carried out; under the conditions that the single-pole double-throw switch is communicated with any one of the fixed terminals and the motor stops running, the PNP type triode BG1Trigger one-way thyristor BT21Conducting; when the motor rotates to drive the single-pole double-throw switch, the one-way thyristor BT21Cutting off current, blocking the control signal loaded by the rectifying voltage-limiting output circuit on each field effect transistor connected with the anode of the power supply, disconnecting the stator winding power supply until the rotor 2 stops rotating, and using the N-channel junction type field effect transistor BT20PNP type triode BG with vanished control electrode voltage1The conduction current triggers the unidirectionalSilicon controlled BT21And the motor is conducted again, and the motor runs in reverse rotation instantly.
As shown in fig. 10, in the present embodiment, the rotor 2 is provided with an excitation winding, the excitation winding provides an excitation current through a porcelain pot transformer, the porcelain pot transformer includes a primary core 3 fixed on the stator and a secondary core 5 fixed on the rotating shaft 8 of the rotor 2, the primary core 3 and the secondary core 5 are coaxially disposed and have a gap, the primary core 3 is in a cylindrical shape with an opening facing the secondary core 5, the primary core 3 is coaxially provided with a magnetically conductive primary support, the primary support is wound with a transformer primary coil 4, and a power supply switching power supply TA is provided1The secondary iron core 5 is in a cylindrical shape with an opening facing the primary iron core 3, a magnetic conductive secondary support is coaxially arranged on the secondary iron core 5, a transformer secondary coil 6 is wound on the secondary support, and current output by the transformer secondary coil 6 supplies power to an excitation winding 9 through a rectifier 7.
Thus, the power supply switching power supply TA1The transformer primary coil is used for supplying power to the transformer primary coil, the transformer primary coil 4 generates a magnetic field after being electrified, the magnetic field is coupled into the transformer secondary coil through a gap between the primary iron core 3 and the secondary iron core 5, therefore, alternating current energy is generated in the transformer secondary coil, the generated alternating current energy supplies power to the excitation winding after passing through the rectifier, extra excitation equipment does not need to be added in the design, and the structure is simpler.
In this embodiment, the circuit for charging the battery by the electric energy output from the motor body comprises three sets of bridge rectifiers connected to each phase winding and a charging boost switch power circuit TA2Composition is carried out; when the rotating speed of the motor rotor 2 exceeds the instruction speed, the control circuit turns on the charging boost switch power supply circuit TA after turning off all the output signals of the commutators2In operation, the lower induced voltage of the motor winding is boosted to the potential capable of charging the storage battery, the current is directly charged into the storage battery, and meanwhile, the rotor 2 rotates to be braked.
The rotor 2 of the motor of the invention is designed into three types of rotors 2, namely a permanent magnet type rotor, an excitation type rotor and a squirrel-cage type rotor; the permanent magnet rotor 2 is directly formed by permanent magnets; the excitation rotor 2 is the same as the general generator rotor 2, and the excitation power supply is provided by a special transformer which rotates along with the rotor 2 at one side and is fixed on the stator at the other side without rotating; the squirrel-cage rotor 2 can be used when the power generating function is not used, and the squirrel-cage rotor 2 is the same as the universal asynchronous motor rotor 2.
With the structure, the electromagnetic commutator can output a switching program consistent with the commutator of the brush synchronous motor, and the respective field effect transistors are correspondingly controlled to drive the motor windings to excite, so that the driving effect of torque output same as that of the brush synchronous motor is obtained. For the aspect of interrupting excitation, because the motor is completely controlled by a speed measurement signal, the motor cannot be controlled by interrupting input current by subjective regularity; the three-phase motor windings are arranged sparsely, and input current is interrupted by subjective regularity to simulate sine wave voltage input; all the three-phase motor windings are distributed at intervals of 20 degrees, and are subjected to intensive phase change by the aid of the commutators, so that the problem is solved under the condition that input current is interrupted without subjective regularity.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions, and those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all that should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A multifunctional speed regulating motor system for regulating and controlling power supply or converting power generation according to instruction speed is characterized by comprising a motor body, a commutator structure, a motor driving circuit, an anti-back charging circuit and a control circuit;
the motor body comprises a stator winding, the stator winding adopts a three-way and three-phase winding arrangement mode, 9 taps are led out, and the 9 taps are simultaneously and electrically connected with the motor driving circuit and the reverse charging circuit;
the commutator structure comprises two commutator stator cores and a commutator rotor core which are coaxially arranged, the commutator rotor core is positioned between the two commutator stator cores, 36 stator teeth are arranged on the inner circumference of the commutator stator core, excitation coils are respectively wound on 18 stator teeth which are distributed at intervals and are connected in series, a magnetic conduction section which can form a magnetic flux loop with the commutator stator cores with a set length is embedded on the outer circumference of the commutator rotor core, and the commutator rotor core synchronously rotates along with the rotor of the motor body; the motor stator further comprises a first-phase alternating current power supply and a second-phase alternating current power supply, wherein the phase difference between the first-phase alternating current power supply and the second-phase alternating current power supply is 90 degrees, and the first-phase alternating current power supply and the second-phase alternating current power supply are respectively connected with an excitation coil on one of the commutator stator cores;
the motor driving circuit comprises a rectifier signal induction circuit and a field effect tube output circuit; the rectifier sub-signal sensing circuit comprises sensing windings distributed on the rest 18 stator teeth and 18 rectification voltage-limiting output circuits connected with the sensing windings in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the output end of the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit is connected with the input end of the field effect tube output circuit, and the output end of the field effect tube output circuit is connected with the stator winding of the motor body and drives the stator winding of the motor body to perform phase-changing excitation;
the reverse charging circuit comprises a charging rectification circuit and a charging boost switch power circuit; the input end of the charging rectification circuit is connected with the stator winding wiring end of the motor main body, and the output end of the charging rectification circuit is connected with the power supply input end of the charging boost switch power supply circuit;
the control circuit consists of a speed measuring induction circuit, an analog voltage generating circuit and a bridge balancing circuit; the speed measuring induction circuit comprises a speed measuring coil and 72 speed measuring rectifying circuits wound on the yoke part of each stator slot, each speed measuring coil is connected with two corresponding speed measuring rectifying circuits, the two speed measuring rectifying circuits are correspondingly connected with an analog voltage generating circuit, and the output ends of the two speed measuring rectifying circuits connected with the same speed measuring coil are connected with the input end of one analog voltage generating circuit;
the bridge balancing circuit is provided with two voltage comparison ends and two output ends, wherein one voltage comparison end is used as a speed measurement point and connected with the output end of the analog voltage generating circuit, and the other voltage comparison end is used as a speed regulation point and connected with a rotating speed regulation reference voltage point; one output end is connected with the control end of the field effect tube output circuit, and when the rotation angular speed of the motor is not higher than the regulation speed, the field effect tube output circuit is opened to supply power to the stator winding; and the other output end of the motor is connected with the control end of the charging boost switch power supply circuit, and when the rotation angular speed of the motor is higher than the regulation speed, the charging boost switch power supply circuit is turned on, the field effect tube output circuit is turned off, and the induced current of the stator winding is output in a reverse mode.
2. The multifunctional speed-regulating motor system for regulating power supply or converting power generation according to command speed of claim 1, wherein the analog voltage generating circuit comprises a metering capacitor C4And a reset diode D4Unidirectional output diode D6Reset resistor R3And a reflux resistance R5Said measuring capacitance C4One end of each of the resistors is connected with a reset resistor R3One end of the voltage measuring and rectifying circuit is connected with the output end of the speed measuring and rectifying circuit, and the measuring capacitor C4And the other end of the same is respectively connected with the reset diode D4And said unidirectional output diode D6The anode of the reset diode D4And the reset resistor R3The other end of the analog voltage generating circuit is connected and then grounded, the analog voltage generating circuits are 36, and the unidirectional output diodes D in the 36 analog voltage generating circuits6Is connected in parallel with the return resistor R5Is connected to one end of the return resistor R5And the other end of the same is grounded.
3. The multifunctional speed regulated power supply or conversion to power generation system according to claim 2 wherein said bridge balancing circuit comprises PNP triode BG3NPN type triode BG4Diode D8Diode D9Speed-regulating potentiometer W and resistor R6Diode D21Diode D22Capacitor C6Inductor L, diode D31Diode D32And PNP type triode BG5The sliding end of the speed regulation potentiometer is connected with a speed regulation point, the other two ends of the speed regulation potentiometer are respectively grounded and connected with a direct current power supply output by the rectifier signal induction circuit, and the PNP type triode BG3The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with the speed measuring point3The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with the speed regulating point3Is electrically connected to the output circuit of the field effect transistor, and the diode D8Is connected with the speed regulation point, and the diode D8And the diode D9Of the diode D, the diode D9And the NPN type triode BG4The NPN type triode BG4And the emitting electrodes of the resistors R are respectively connected with the resistors R6And the diode D21The cathode of (2) the resistor R6Is grounded, the diode D21Respectively with the diode D22And said capacitor C6Is connected to one end of the diode D22With one end of the inductor L and the NPN type triode BG respectively4The other end of the inductor L is respectively connected with the diode D32And the capacitor C6The other end of the diode D is connected with a speed measurement output point after being connected, and the diode D32The cathode of (2) passes through the return resistor R5Grounded, the NPN type triode BG4Collector through resistor R10And the PNP type triode BG5The base of the PNP type triode BG5And the diode D31Of the diode D, the diode D31The cathode of (2) passes through the return resistor R5Grounded, the PNP type triode BG5And a photoelectric coupler B is arranged between the charging boost switch and the charging boost switch2Connected, the PNP type triode BG5And the photoelectric coupler B2The anode of the diode in the photoelectric coupler B is connected with the anode of the diode in the photoelectric coupler B2The cathode of the diode in (B) is grounded, and the photoelectric coupler B2The collector of the NPN type triode is connected with the charging boost switching power circuit.
4. The multifunctional speed-regulating motor system for regulating and controlling power supply or converting power generation according to the command speed as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an ac power supply circuit, wherein the ac power supply circuit comprises an oscillator circuit and a 90 ° phase-shifting circuit, the oscillator circuit is configured to generate single-phase ac power, the 90 ° phase-shifting circuit is electrically connected to the oscillator circuit and configured to convert the single-phase ac power generated by the oscillator circuit into two-phase ac power, and the two-phase ac power generated by the 90 ° phase-shifting circuit is respectively output to the first ac power supply and the second ac power supply;
the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit comprises a diode D1Voltage reducing resistor R1Resistance R2Voltage stabilizing diode DW1Said diode D1Is connected to the induction winding, the diode D1And the voltage reduction resistor R1Is connected to the voltage dropping resistor R1The other end of each of the resistors R2Is connected to one end of the zener diode DW1The other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode DW 1;
the speed measuring rectification circuit comprises two diodes D2Two of said diodes D2The anodes of the two diodes D are respectively connected with one end of the speed measuring coil2The cathodes of the analog voltage generating circuit are connected in parallel and then connected with the input end of the analog voltage generating circuit.
5. The multifunctional speed-regulating motor system for regulating and controlling power supply or converting power generation according to command speed as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fet output circuit comprises a power supply, a top tube driving circuit connected to a positive electrode of said power supply, and a bottom tube driving circuit connected to a negative electrode of said power supply, said top tube driving circuit comprises a first phase top tube driving circuit, a second phase top tube driving circuit, and a third phase top tube driving circuit, an output end of said first phase top tube driving circuit is connected to said U-phase stator winding, an output end of said second phase top tube driving circuit is connected to said V-phase stator winding, an output end of said third phase top tube driving circuit is connected to said W-phase stator winding, and said bottom tube driving circuit comprises a first phase bottom tube driving circuit, a second phase bottom tube driving circuit, and a third phase bottom tube driving circuit, the output end of the first-phase lower tube driving circuit is connected with the U-phase stator winding, the output end of the second-phase lower tube driving circuit is connected with the V-phase stator winding, the output end of the third-phase lower tube driving circuit is connected with the W-phase stator winding, and an upper tube driving circuit and a lower tube driving circuit which are connected with the same-phase stator winding cannot be conducted at the same time.
6. The multifunctional speed-regulating motor system according to the command speed for regulating and controlling power supply or conversion power generation of claim 5, wherein the motor body comprises a motor stator core, the motor stator core is provided with 36 motor stator slots, the motor body is of four stages, U, V, W three-phase stator windings are respectively provided with A, B, C three-way windings, the outer circumference of the commutator rotor core is embedded with a magnetic conduction section spanning the length of 10 stator slots, the field effect tube output circuits are 18 in total and marked as Q1-Q18Output circuit Q of 18 field effect transistors1-Q18Respectively connected with 18 rectification voltage-limiting output circuits Z1-Z18Connecting;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q1Comprises a PNP type triode BG91And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1The PNP type triode BG91The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with the bridge balancing circuit91And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z1Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG91Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply1The drain electrode of the U-phase stator winding is connected with the A-path winding of the U-phase stator winding;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q2Comprises a PNP type triode BG92And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT2The PNP type triode BG92The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with the bridge balancing circuit92And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z2Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG92Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT2The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT2The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply2The drain electrode of the U-phase stator winding is connected with the B-path winding of the U-phase stator winding;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q3Comprises a PNP type triode BG93And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT3The PNP type triode BG92The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with the bridge balancing circuit93And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z3Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG93Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT3The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT3The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply3The drain electrode of the U-phase stator winding is connected with the C-path winding of the U-phase stator winding;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q4Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT194And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT4The N-channel junction field effect transistor BT194And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z4Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT194And the drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT4The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT194The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded4OfThe electrode is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT4The source electrode of the transformer is connected with the A-way winding of the V-phase stator winding;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q5Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT195And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT5The N-channel junction field effect transistor BT195And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z5Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT195And the drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT5The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT195The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded5The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply5The source electrode of the transformer is connected with a B-path winding of the V-phase stator winding;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q6Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT196And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT6The N-channel junction field effect transistor BT196And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z6Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT196And the drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT6The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT196The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded6The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply6The source electrode of the transformer is connected with a C-path winding of the V-phase stator winding;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q7Comprises a PNP type triode BG97And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT7The PNP type triode BG97The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with the bridge balancing circuit97And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z7Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG97Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT7The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT7The source of the N-channel junction is connected with the negative electrode of the power supplyType field effect transistor BT7The drain electrode of the transformer is connected with the A-path winding of the V-phase stator winding;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q8Comprises a PNP type triode BG98And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT8The PNP type triode BG98The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with the bridge balancing circuit98And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z8Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG98Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT8The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT8The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply8The drain electrode of the transformer is connected with a B-path winding of the V-phase stator winding;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q9Comprises a PNP type triode BG99And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT9The PNP type triode BG99The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with the bridge balancing circuit99And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z9Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG99Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT9The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT9The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply9The drain electrode of the transformer is connected with a C-path winding of the V-phase stator winding;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q10Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1910And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT10The N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1910And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z10Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1910And the drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT10The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1910The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded10The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply10Of source and W-phase stator windingThe A path of windings are connected;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q11Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1911And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT11The N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1911And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z11Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1911And the drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT11The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1911The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded11The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply11The source of the transformer is connected with a B-path winding of the W-phase stator winding;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q12Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1912And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT12The N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1912And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z12Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1912And the drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT12The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1912The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded12The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply12The source electrode of the transformer is connected with a C-path winding of the W-phase stator winding;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q13Comprises a PNP type triode BG913And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT13The PNP type triode BG913The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with the bridge balancing circuit913And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z13Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG913Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT13The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT13The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply13The drain electrode of the phase-locked loop is connected with the A-path winding of the W-phase stator winding;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q14Comprises a PNP type triode BG914And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT14The PNP type triode BG914The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with the bridge balancing circuit914And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z14Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG914Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT14The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT14The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply14The drain electrode of the transformer is connected with a B-path winding of the W-phase stator winding;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q15Comprises a PNP type triode BG915And N-channel junction field effect transistor BT15The PNP type triode BG915The base electrode of the PNP type triode BG is connected with the bridge balancing circuit915And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z15Is connected with the output end of the PNP type triode BG915Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT15The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT15The source electrode of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply15The drain electrode of the transformer is connected with a C-path winding of the W-phase stator winding;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q16Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1916And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT16The N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1916And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z16Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1916And the drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT16The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1916The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded16The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply16The source electrode of the U-phase stator winding is connected with the A-path winding of the U-phase stator winding;
said fieldEffect tube output circuit Q17Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1917And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT17The N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1917And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z17Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1917And the drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT17The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1917The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded17The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply17The source electrode of the U-phase stator winding is connected with the B-path winding of the U-phase stator winding;
the field effect transistor output circuit Q18Comprising an N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1918And P-channel junction field effect transistor BT18The N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1918And the rectification voltage-limiting output circuit Z18Is connected with the output end of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1918And the drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT18The grid of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1918The source electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is grounded18The drain electrode of the P-channel junction field effect transistor BT is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply18Is connected with the C-way winding of the U-phase stator winding.
7. The multifunctional speed-regulating motor system for regulating power supply or converting power generation according to command speed of claim 6, further comprising a forward and reverse control circuit, wherein the forward and reverse control circuit comprises a single-pole double-throw switch K, a forward control circuit and a reverse control circuit, and the forward control circuit comprises PNP type triodes BK with emitting electrodes respectively connected with power output ends of the 18 rectifying voltage-limiting output circuits1-BK18Each PNP type triode BK1-BK18The base electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected with one fixed end of the single-pole double-throw switch K after being connected, and the PNP type triode BK1The collector and the PNP type triode BG91Is connected with the emitter of the light emitting diode,the PNP type triode BK2The collector and the PNP type triode BG92The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected3The collector and the PNP type triode BG93The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected4Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT194The gate of the PNP type triode BK5Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT195The gate of the PNP type triode BK6Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT196The gate of the PNP type triode BK7The collector and the PNP type triode BG97The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected8The collector and the PNP type triode BG98The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected9The collector and the PNP type triode BG99The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected10Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1910The gate of the PNP type triode BK11Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1911The gate of the PNP type triode BK12Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1912The gate of the PNP type triode BK13The collector and the PNP type triode BG913The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected14The collector and the PNP type triode BG914The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected15The collector and the PNP type triode BG915The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected16Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1916The gate of the PNP type triode BK17Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1917The gate of the PNP type triode BK18Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1918The gate of (1) is connected;
the reverse control circuit comprises emitters respectively connected with power output ends of the 18 rectification voltage-limiting output circuitsPNP type triode BK19-BK36Each PNP type triode BK19-BK36The base electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected with the other fixed end of the single-pole double-throw switch K after being connected, and the PNP type triode BK19The collector and the PNP type triode BG97The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected20The collector and the PNP type triode BG98The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected21The collector and the PNP type triode BG99The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected22Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1910The gate of the PNP type triode BK23Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1911The gate of the PNP type triode BK24Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1912The gate of the PNP type triode BK25The collector and the PNP type triode BG913The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected26The collector and the PNP type triode BG914The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected27The collector and the PNP type triode BG915The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected28Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1916The gate of the PNP type triode BK29Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1917The gate of the PNP type triode BK30Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT1918The gate of the PNP type triode BK31The collector and the PNP type triode BG91The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected32The collector and the PNP type triode BG92The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected33The collector and the PNP type triode BG93The emitting electrode of the PNP type triode BK is connected34Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT194The gate of the PNP type triode BK35And the collector of (2) and the N-channel junction fieldEffect tube BT195The gate of the PNP type triode BK36Collector electrode of (1) and the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT196Is connected to the gate of (a).
8. The multifunctional speed-regulating motor system for regulating and controlling power supply or converting power generation according to command speed of claim 7, wherein the forward and reverse rotation control circuit further comprises a forward and reverse rotation protection circuit, and the forward and reverse rotation protection circuit comprises a one-way silicon controlled rectifier (BT)21N-channel junction field effect transistor BT20PNP type triode BG1And NPN type triode BG2The N-channel junction field effect transistor BT20Gate pass resistance R20Connected with ground, the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT20And the NPN type triode BG2The emitter of the N-channel junction field effect transistor BT20And the NPN type triode BG2The base of the NPN type triode BG is connected2Base electrode through resistor R2And the PNP type triode BG1The NPN type triode BG2Collector through resistor R1And the PNP type triode BG1The base of the PNP type triode BG1Collector electrode of and the one-way thyristor BT21Is connected with the control electrode of the unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier BT21Cathode through resistance R21Ground, said one-way reliable silicon BT21The anode of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the moving end of the single-pole double-throw switch.
9. The system according to claim 1, wherein the rotor of the motor body is provided with an excitation winding, the excitation winding provides an excitation current through a pot transformer, the pot transformer includes a primary core fixed to a stator of the motor body and a secondary core fixed to a rotating shaft of the rotor of the motor body, the primary core and the secondary core are coaxially disposed with a gap therebetween, and the primary core is in a cylindrical shape with an opening facing the secondary coreThe primary iron core is coaxially provided with a magnetic conductive primary support, the primary support is wound with a transformer primary coil, and the power supply switch power supply TA1The secondary iron core is in a cylindrical shape with an opening facing the primary iron core, a magnetic conductive secondary support is coaxially arranged on the secondary iron core, a transformer secondary coil is wound on the secondary support, and current output by the transformer secondary coil supplies power to the excitation winding after passing through a rectifier.
10. The multifunctional speed regulated power supply or conversion to power generation system according to the commanded speed of claim 1 wherein the rotor of said motor body is a permanent magnet rotor, an excited rotor or a squirrel cage rotor.
CN201910775084.9A 2019-08-21 2019-08-21 Multifunctional speed-regulating motor system for regulating and controlling power supply or converting power generation according to instruction speed Active CN110336419B (en)

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US5355060A (en) * 1990-10-24 1994-10-11 Aeg Automation Systems Corporation Load impact controller for a speed regulator system
CN101632221A (en) * 2007-03-15 2010-01-20 丰田自动车株式会社 Motor drive device
CN103580555A (en) * 2012-08-02 2014-02-12 山洋电气株式会社 Motor controlling device and method of detecting insulation degradation in a motor
CN108713288A (en) * 2016-03-11 2018-10-26 通用原子公司 Multistage high speed variable speed drivP

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1248152A (en) * 1969-05-30 1971-09-29 North American Rockwell Speed control system for a dynamo-electric machine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5355060A (en) * 1990-10-24 1994-10-11 Aeg Automation Systems Corporation Load impact controller for a speed regulator system
CN101632221A (en) * 2007-03-15 2010-01-20 丰田自动车株式会社 Motor drive device
CN103580555A (en) * 2012-08-02 2014-02-12 山洋电气株式会社 Motor controlling device and method of detecting insulation degradation in a motor
CN108713288A (en) * 2016-03-11 2018-10-26 通用原子公司 Multistage high speed variable speed drivP

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