CN110333426A - A kind of modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic device and method - Google Patents
A kind of modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to power system failure diagnostic technical field, a kind of modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic device and method are provided.The device includes hardware detection unit, microprocessor control unit, communication unit, host computer；Hardware detection unit includes the n hardware detecting circuits including voltage rating unit, signal isolation conversion portion；Voltage rating unit includes comparator, two groups of sampling resistors；Signal isolation conversion portion includes high speed photo coupling, and the output end of comparator and the input terminal of high speed photo coupling connect；Microprocessor control unit includes FPGA；The output end of high speed photo coupling is electrically connected with the input terminal of FPGA, and the output end of FPGA is electrically connected with communication unit, communication unit and upper mechatronics or wireless connection.The present invention can get rid of the dependence to controller performance, and response speed is high, easy to accomplish, and can realize the quick diagnosis to system open loop failure in super capacitor mould group wide operating voltage range, be accurately positioned.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power system failure diagnostic technical fields, more particularly to a kind of modular multilevel energy-storage system
Open-circuit fault diagnostic device and method.
Background technique
In recent years, modularization multi-level converter (MMC) is because of its superior performance, flexible integrated mode and high voltage
The features such as be widely used in the occasions such as high voltage, high-power.Bridge of the Modular multilevel converter as energy transmission,
Played a crucial role in system, safety and reliability effect the safe operation of system.But with series connection half
Bridging parallel operation quantity increases, and how quick and precisely the probability that Modular multilevel converter breaks down increases with it, therefore
Ground is measured in real time the system failure, diagnoses and positions and is particularly important.
Now with the fast development of high voltage dc transmission technology, in order to improve the reliability of MMC, largely become about power
The device and method of parallel operation open-circuit fault diagnosis are suggested.But most diagnostic modes are the diagnostic mode based on algorithm, with
Mould group serial number increase, the performance requirement of controller is consequently increased, the performance of controller will affect fault diagnosis speed
Degree.The prior art is higher to the degree of dependence of controller performance, and response speed is lower, and mathematical operation is complicated, and it is more difficult to realize, is difficult
The quick diagnosis to system open loop failure is realized in super capacitor mould group wide operating voltage range.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnosis
Device and method can get rid of the dependence to controller performance, and response speed is high, mathematical operation is simple, easy to accomplish, and can
The quick diagnosis to system open loop failure is realized in super capacitor mould group wide operating voltage range, is accurately positioned.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
How electric a kind of modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic device be equipped with modularization in the energy-storage system
Straight current converter, the modular multilevel DC converter include n half-bridge converter, the n half-bridge converter according to
Connect after secondary series connection with inductance L, with DC bus Support Capacitor CsParallel connection, DC bus Support Capacitor CsSeries connection is also parallel with to connect
The DC bus equivalent resistance R connectsWith DC bus power supply Us, the i-th ∈ { 1,2 ..., n } a half-bridge converter includes i-th surpassing
Grade electric capacity module, i-th of super capacitor mould group are connected in series with upper switch pipe Si1, lower switch pipe Si2, upper switch pipe Si1, under open
Close pipe Si2It is parallel with power tube VD respectivelyi1, lower power tube VDi2, it is characterised in that: including hardware detection unit, microprocessor
Control unit, communication unit, host computer；
The hardware detection unit includes n hardware detecting circuit, and i-th of hardware detecting circuit is arranged in i-th of half-bridge
The outlet side of converter, i-th of hardware detecting circuit include voltage rating unit, signal isolation conversion portion；The electricity
Pressing rating unit includes comparator, the first sampling resistor R1, the second sampling resistor R2, third sampling resistor R3, the 4th sampling resistor
R4, the first sampling resistor R1, the second sampling resistor R2After series connection with i-th of super capacitor modules in parallel, third sampling
Resistance R3, the 4th sampling resistor R4After series connection with lower switch pipe Si2Parallel connection, the first sampling resistor R1, the 4th sampling resistor R4
Lower end connect with the cathode of i-th of super capacitor mould group, the first sampling resistor R1, the second sampling resistor R2Connection
The first voltage input terminal U of point and the comparatorIN1,iConnection, the third sampling resistor R3, the 4th sampling resistor R4Company
The second voltage input terminal U of contact and the comparatorIN2,iConnection；The signal isolation conversion portion includes high speed photo coupling, institute
The input terminal of the output end and high speed photo coupling of stating comparator connects；
The microprocessor control unit includes FPGA；The output end of the high speed photo coupling and the input terminal of FPGA are electrically connected
It connects, the output end of the FPGA is electrically connected with communication unit, the communication unit and upper mechatronics or wireless connection.
It is a kind of to carry out modular multilevel energy storage using above-mentioned modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic device
The method of system open loop fault diagnosis, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1: starting microprocessor control unit, microprocessor control unit pass through half-bridge driven signal S1-、S1+Control
Hardware detection unit is in operating status；
Step 2: the voltage rating unit of i-th of hardware detecting circuit carries out the output voltage of i-th of half-bridge converter
Real-time detection exports initial detecting signal and gives signal isolation conversion portion, signal isolation conversion portion to initial detecting signal into
Row electrical isolation is converted and exports detection signal FiTo microprocessor control unit；
Step 3: microprocessor control unit combines detection signal FiWith half-bridge driven signal S1-、S1+, according to open-circuit fault
Diagnosis principle, judges whether open-circuit fault occurs, if there is no open-circuit fault, return step 2；If there is open-circuit fault hair
It is raw, then enter step 4；
Step 4: microprocessor control unit records the position that failure occurs, and the half-bridge converter to break down is corresponding
The fault detection signal stored in detection signal and database compares, and judges fault type, forms diagnostic signal F, and will
Diagnostic signal F is transferred to host computer by communication unit；Change simultaneously half-bridge driven signal S1-、S1+It breaks down to control
Half-bridge converter movement, to alleviate the voltage of the half-bridge converter to break down to protect energy-storage system；The diagnostic signal F
The corresponding number of half-bridge converter including breaking down, detection signal, fault type.
The modular multilevel DC converter uses phase-shift control mode, in same half-bridge converter upper switch pipe and
Lower switch pipe works in complementary conduction mode；When busbar voltage is higher than setting value, energy in bus is to super capacitor mould group
It transmits and stores to stablize busbar voltage；When busbar voltage is fallen, the energy stored in super capacitor mould group is discharged to bus
To stablize busbar voltage；The output voltage of i-th of half-bridge converter is under normal operating conditions
Usmi=SiUsCi (1)
Wherein, SiIt is ideal component and ignores dead time to output voltage for the power tube when i-th of half-bridge converter
Influence when i-th of half-bridge converter switch function, when the conducting of the upper bridge arm of i-th half-bridge converter and when lower bridge arm turns off
Si=1, the S when the conducting of the lower bridge arm of i-th of half-bridge converter and the shutdown of upper bridge armi=0；UsCiFor i-th half-bridge converter
Super capacitor mould group voltage；
When the influence in view of dead time to output voltage, it is positive with flowing to super capacitor mould group side current direction,
The output voltage of i-th of half-bridge converter is in dead time
Wherein, ILFor the electric current of inductance L.
Fault diagnosis algorithm built in the microprocessor control unit, the fault diagnosis algorithm include that switching signal rises
Decay part, with enabled and data latch function and door section；
Switching signal rising delay part is for avoiding the caused wrong diagnosis that is delayed, delay rise time tdelayModel
Enclose for
ton+tdead+ttrans+tpc< tdelay< tmin (3)
Wherein, tonFor switching tube open time delay, tdeadFor dead time, ttransFor half-bridge driven signal propagation delay
Time, tpcFor high speed photo coupling open time delay；tminFor switching tube minimum turn-on time；
It when switch function is 1, starts to work with door section, indicates system without open circuit event with door section output high level
Barrier, indicating system with door section output low level, there are open-circuit faults；Switch function will not when being transformed into low level by high level
Postpone, and stop working with door section, is latched in the state before stopping working with the level of door section output.
The open-circuit fault diagnosis principle includes:
If open-circuit fault type is upper bridge arm open circuit: when energy-storage system runs on energy storage state, if Si=1 upper switch
Pipe Si1Conducting, electric current pass through upper power tube VDi1It charges to i-th of super capacitor mould group, if Si=0 lower switch pipe Si2
Conducting, i-th of half-bridge converter run on bypass condition；When energy-storage system runs on de-energized state, electric current will persistently flow
Through lower power tube VDi2, i-th of super capacitor mould group storage energy cannot be released；To i-th of half-bridge when upper bridge arm open circuit
The output voltage of converter is
If open-circuit fault type is lower bridge arm open circuit: when energy-storage system runs on energy storage state, electric current will be continued to flow through
Upper power tube VDi1It charges to i-th of super capacitor mould group；When energy-storage system runs on de-energized state, if Si=1
I super capacitor mould group passes through upper switch pipe Si1Electric discharge, if Si=0 i-th of half-bridge converter runs on bypass condition；To
The output voltage of i-th of half-bridge converter is when lower bridge arm is opened a way
If open-circuit fault type is that upper and lower bridge arm is opened a way simultaneously: when energy-storage system runs on energy storage state, electric current will be held
Afterflow is through upper power tube VDi1It charges to i-th of super capacitor mould group；When energy-storage system runs on de-energized state, i-th
Super capacitor mould group is there is no discharge loop and runs on bypass condition always；I-th half when opening a way simultaneously to upper and lower bridge arm
The output voltage of bridging parallel operation is
When energy-storage system runs on energy storage state, lower bridge arm open circuit causes the output voltage of half-bridge converter to become
Change, upper bridge arm open circuit is on energy-storage system without influence；When energy-storage system runs on de-energized state, upper bridge arm open circuit leads to half bridging
The output voltage of parallel operation changes, and lower bridge arm is opened a way on energy-storage system without influence；When upper and lower bridge arm is opened a way simultaneously, half-bridge
The variation of the output voltage of converter is identical as single tube open-circuit fault, and upper and lower bridge arm is opened a way simultaneously and is classified as bridge arm single tube open circuit
Failure is handled；In dead time, bridge arm working condition is reduced to open-circuit fault processing, and energy-storage system runs on different operating
The output voltage of half-bridge converter is different when dead time under state；
The input voltage U of i-th of comparatorIN1,i、UIN2,iBe taken respectively from i-th of super capacitor mould group output voltage,
The output voltage of i half-bridge converter,
Wherein, UIN1,i、UIN2,iWithin the permission operating voltage range of comparator；
In switch function SiDifferent values under, UIN1,i、UIN2,iBetween relationship be
Under system worked well state, work as SiWhen=1, the initial detecting signal of comparator output is high level, high speed
Optocoupler carries out the detection signal F exported after electrical isolation conversion to initial detecting signaliFor high level；Work as SiWhen=0, comparator
The initial detecting signal of output is low level, and high speed photo coupling carries out the detection exported after electrical isolation conversion to initial detecting signal
Signal FiFor low level；Meet UIN1,i、UIN2,iWithin the permission operating voltage range of comparator, two groups of sampling resistors are taken
Value relationship is
R1R4> R2R3 (10)
When super capacitor mould group works in the range of nominal tension, the normal work of comparator will not influence；And in system
Due to tube voltage drop UdPresence, comparator work normally when super capacitor mould group output voltage cannot be infinitely small, tube voltage drop UdWith
Relationship between the output voltage of super capacitor mould group and the output voltage of half-bridge converter is
UsCi=Usmi+Ud (11)
Formula (7), formula (8), formula (11) are substituted into formula (10), comparator is obtained and works normally the defeated of lower super capacitor mould group
The lower limit of voltage is out
The invention has the benefit that
Modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic device of the invention and method are by analyzing normal and failure
Shi Banqiao submodule group lower bridge arm bears voltage difference, using simple hardware detecting circuit in real time to the operation work of half-bridge submodule group
Condition is detected, and the testing result and half-bridge of the fault diagnosis algorithm combination hardware detecting circuit in field programmable gate array are driven
Dynamic signal realizes quick open-circuit fault diagnosis.Apparatus and method of the present invention can not only get rid of the dependence to controller performance,
Have simultaneously compared with high response speed, and avoids complicated mathematical operation, it is easy to accomplish, it can be in the wide work of super capacitor mould group
Make to realize the open-circuit fault quick diagnosis to system in voltage range, be accurately positioned, promotes the safety of super capacitor energy-storage system
Property and reliability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic device of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the topology diagram of modular multilevel DC converter in specific embodiment；
Fig. 3 is modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic device of the present invention in specific embodiment and modularization
Connection relationship diagram between more level DC converters；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the fault diagnosis algorithm in specific embodiment in FPGA；
Fig. 5 is the status diagram of half-bridge converter under upper bridge arm open-circuit fault；
Fig. 6 is the status diagram of half-bridge converter under lower bridge arm open-circuit fault；
Fig. 7 is the status diagram of half-bridge converter under upper and lower bridge arm while open-circuit fault.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic device of the invention is used for modular multilevel energy storage system
System carries out open-circuit fault diagnosis, as shown in Fig. 2, being the topology diagram of modular multilevel DC converter.The energy storage system
Modular multilevel DC converter is equipped in system, the modular multilevel DC converter includes n half-bridge converter, institute
State after n half-bridge converter is sequentially connected in series connect with inductance L, and DC bus Support Capacitor CsParallel connection, DC bus support electricity
Hold CsAlso it is parallel with the DC bus equivalent resistance R of series connectionsWith DC bus power supply Us, the i-th ∈ { 1,2 ..., n } a half
Bridging parallel operation includes i-th of super capacitor mould group, and i-th of super capacitor mould group is connected in series with upper switch pipe Si1, lower switch pipe
Si2, upper switch pipe Si1, lower switch pipe Si2It is parallel with power tube VD respectivelyi1, lower power tube VDi2,
As shown in Figure 1, modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic device of the invention, it is characterised in that: packet
Include hardware detection unit, microprocessor control unit, communication unit, host computer.
As shown in figure 3, the hardware detection unit includes n hardware detecting circuit, i-th of hardware detecting circuit setting exists
The outlet side of i-th of half-bridge converter, i-th of hardware detecting circuit include voltage rating unit, signal isolation converter section
Point；The voltage rating unit includes comparator, the first sampling resistor R1, the second sampling resistor R2, third sampling resistor R3,
Four sampling resistor R4, the first sampling resistor R1, the second sampling resistor R2After series connection with i-th of super capacitor modules in parallel, institute
State third sampling resistor R3, the 4th sampling resistor R4After series connection with lower switch pipe Si2Parallel connection, the first sampling resistor R1, the 4th
Sampling resistor R4Lower end connect with the cathode of i-th of super capacitor mould group, the first sampling resistor R1, second sampling electricity
Hinder R2Tie point and the comparator first voltage input terminal UIN1,iConnection, the third sampling resistor R3, the 4th sampling
Resistance R4Tie point and the comparator second voltage input terminal UIN2,iConnection；The signal isolation conversion portion includes height
Fast optocoupler, the output end of the comparator and the input terminal of high speed photo coupling connect；
The microprocessor control unit includes FPGA；The output end of the high speed photo coupling and the input terminal of FPGA are electrically connected
It connects, the output end of the FPGA is electrically connected with communication unit, the communication unit and upper mechatronics or wireless connection.
Wherein, FPGA (Field-Programmable GateArray) i.e. field programmable gate array, it be PAL,
The product further developed on the basis of the programming devices such as GAL, CPLD, it is as in the field specific integrated circuit (ASIC)
A kind of semi-custom circuit and occur, not only solved the deficiency of custom circuit, but also overcome original programming device gate circuit
The limited disadvantage of number.In the present embodiment, the model XilinxZYNQ FPGA of FPGA.
Of the invention carries out modular multilevel using above-mentioned modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic device
The method of energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnosis, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1: starting microprocessor control unit, microprocessor control unit pass through half-bridge driven signal S1-、S1+Control
Hardware detection unit is in operating status；
Step 2: the voltage rating unit of i-th of hardware detecting circuit carries out the output voltage of i-th of half-bridge converter
Real-time detection exports initial detecting signal and gives signal isolation conversion portion, signal isolation conversion portion to initial detecting signal into
Row electrical isolation is converted and exports detection signal FiTo microprocessor control unit；
Step 3: microprocessor control unit combines detection signal FiWith half-bridge driven signal S1-、S1+, according to open-circuit fault
Diagnosis principle, judges whether open-circuit fault occurs, if there is no open-circuit fault, return step 2；If there is open-circuit fault hair
It is raw, then enter step 4；
Step 4: microprocessor control unit records the position that failure occurs, and the half-bridge converter to break down is corresponding
The fault detection signal stored in detection signal and database compares, and judges fault type, forms diagnostic signal F, and will
Diagnostic signal F is transferred to host computer by communication unit；Change simultaneously half-bridge driven signal S1-、S1+It breaks down to control
Half-bridge converter movement, to alleviate the voltage of the half-bridge converter to break down to protect energy-storage system；The diagnostic signal F
The corresponding number of half-bridge converter including breaking down, detection signal, fault type.
The modular multilevel DC converter uses phase-shift control mode, in same half-bridge converter upper switch pipe and
Lower switch pipe works in complementary conduction mode；When busbar voltage is higher than setting value, energy in bus is to super capacitor mould group
It transmits and stores to stablize busbar voltage；When busbar voltage is fallen, the energy stored in super capacitor mould group is discharged to bus
To stablize busbar voltage；The output voltage of i-th of half-bridge converter is under normal operating conditions
Usmi=SiUsCi (1)
Wherein, SiIt is ideal component and ignores dead time to output voltage for the power tube when i-th of half-bridge converter
Influence when i-th of half-bridge converter switch function, when the conducting of the upper bridge arm of i-th half-bridge converter and when lower bridge arm turns off
Si=1, the S when the conducting of the lower bridge arm of i-th of half-bridge converter and the shutdown of upper bridge armi=0；UsCiFor i-th half-bridge converter
Super capacitor mould group voltage；
When the influence in view of dead time to output voltage, it is positive with flowing to super capacitor mould group side current direction,
The output voltage of i-th of half-bridge converter is in dead time
Wherein, ILFor the electric current of inductance L.
As shown in figure 4, fault diagnosis algorithm built in the microprocessor control unit, the fault diagnosis algorithm includes opening
OFF signal rising delay part, with enabled and data latch function and door section；
Switching signal rising delay part is for avoiding the caused wrong diagnosis that is delayed, delay rise time tdelayModel
Enclose for
ton+tdead+ttrans+tpc< tdelay< tmin (3)
Wherein, tonFor switching tube open time delay, tdeadFor dead time, ttransFor half-bridge driven signal propagation delay
Time, tpcFor high speed photo coupling open time delay；tminFor switching tube minimum turn-on time；
It when switch function is 1, starts to work with door section, indicates system without open circuit event with door section output high level
Barrier, indicating system with door section output low level, there are open-circuit faults；Switch function will not when being transformed into low level by high level
Postpone, and stop working with door section, is latched in the state before stopping working with the level of door section output.
The open-circuit fault diagnosis principle includes:
As shown in figure 5, if open-circuit fault type is upper bridge arm open circuit: when energy-storage system runs on energy storage state, if Si
=1 upper switch pipe Si1Conducting, electric current pass through upper power tube VDi1It charges to i-th of super capacitor mould group, if Si=0
Lower switch pipe Si2Conducting, i-th of half-bridge converter run on bypass condition；When energy-storage system runs on de-energized state, electricity
Stream will continue to flow through lower power tube VDi2, i-th of super capacitor mould group storage energy cannot be released；To which upper bridge arm is opened a way
When i-th of half-bridge converter output voltage be
As shown in fig. 6, if open-circuit fault type is lower bridge arm open circuit: when energy-storage system runs on energy storage state, electric current
Power tube VD will be continued to flow throughi1It charges to i-th of super capacitor mould group；When energy-storage system runs on de-energized state,
If Si=1 i-th of super capacitor mould group passes through upper switch pipe Si1Electric discharge, if Si=0 i-th of half-bridge converter runs on side
Line state；To which the output voltage of i-th of half-bridge converter when lower bridge arm open circuit is
As shown in fig. 7, if open-circuit fault type is that upper and lower bridge arm is opened a way simultaneously: when energy-storage system runs on energy storage state
When, electric current will continue to flow through power tube VDi1It charges to i-th of super capacitor mould group；Energy is released when energy-storage system is run on
When state, i-th of super capacitor mould group is there is no discharge loop and runs on bypass condition always；Simultaneously to upper and lower bridge arm
The output voltage of i-th of half-bridge converter is when open circuit
1st output voltage of the half-bridge converter under normal mode and open-circuit fault is as shown in table 1, when energy-storage system is transported
For row when energy storage state, lower bridge arm open circuit causes the output voltage of half-bridge converter to change, and upper bridge arm open circuit is to energy storage system
System is without influence；When energy-storage system runs on de-energized state, upper bridge arm open circuit causes the output voltage of half-bridge converter to become
Change, and lower bridge arm is opened a way on energy-storage system without influence；When upper and lower bridge arm is opened a way simultaneously, the change of the output voltage of half-bridge converter
Change is identical as single tube open-circuit fault, and by upper and lower bridge arm while open circuit is classified as bridge arm single tube open-circuit fault and handles；Dead time
Interior, bridge arm working condition is reduced to open-circuit fault processing, half when energy-storage system runs on the dead time under different working condition
The output voltage of bridging parallel operation is different；
The input voltage U of i-th of comparatorIN1,i、UIN2,iBe taken respectively from i-th of super capacitor mould group output voltage,
The output voltage of i half-bridge converter,
Wherein, UIN1,i、UIN2,iWithin the permission operating voltage range of comparator；
Table 1
In switch function SiDifferent values under, UIN1,i、UIN2,iBetween relationship be
Under system worked well state, work as SiWhen=1, the initial detecting signal of comparator output is high level, high speed
Optocoupler carries out the detection signal F exported after electrical isolation conversion to initial detecting signaliFor high level；Work as SiWhen=0, comparator
The initial detecting signal of output is low level, and high speed photo coupling carries out the detection exported after electrical isolation conversion to initial detecting signal
Signal FiFor low level；Meet UIN1,i、UIN2,iWithin the permission operating voltage range of comparator, two groups of sampling resistors are taken
Value relationship is
R1R4> R2R3 (10)
When super capacitor mould group works in the range of nominal tension, the normal work of comparator will not influence；And in system
Due to tube voltage drop UdPresence, comparator work normally when super capacitor mould group output voltage cannot be infinitely small, tube voltage drop UdWith
Relationship between the output voltage of super capacitor mould group and the output voltage of half-bridge converter is
UsCi=Usmi+Ud (11)
Formula (7), formula (8), formula (11) are substituted into formula (10), comparator is obtained and works normally the defeated of lower super capacitor mould group
The lower limit of voltage is out
Wherein, pass through formula (10) and formula (12) and combine system select the working characteristics of switching tube to two groups of sampling resistors into
Row rationally designs, and half-bridge submodule group can be made to realize that open-circuit fault detects in the lesser situation of super capacitor mould group voltage, from
And enable hardware detecting circuit in super capacitor mould group compared with operating normally in wide operating voltage range.
Relationship under open-circuit fault between half-bridge driving signal and detection signal is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Above-mentioned implementation
Example for explaining only the invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..Based on the above embodiment, those skilled in the art
Member's every other embodiment obtained namely all in spirit herein and original without making creative work
Made all modifications, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., are all fallen within the protection domain of application claims within reason.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic device, modular multilevel is equipped in the energy-storage system
DC converter, the modular multilevel DC converter include n half-bridge converter, and the n half-bridge converter is successively
Connect after series connection with inductance L, with DC bus Support Capacitor CsParallel connection, DC bus Support Capacitor CsAlso it is parallel with series connection
DC bus equivalent resistance RsWith DC bus power supply Us, the i-th ∈ { 1,2 ..., n } a half-bridge converter includes super i-th
Electric capacity module, i-th of super capacitor mould group are connected in series with upper switch pipe Si1, lower switch pipe Si2, upper switch pipe Si1, lower switch
Pipe Si2It is parallel with power tube VD respectivelyi1, lower power tube VDi2, it is characterised in that: including hardware detection unit, microprocessor control
Unit processed, communication unit, host computer；
The hardware detection unit includes n hardware detecting circuit, and i-th of hardware detecting circuit is arranged in i-th of semi-bridge alternation
The outlet side of device, i-th of hardware detecting circuit include voltage rating unit, signal isolation conversion portion；The voltage ratio
Relatively part includes comparator, the first sampling resistor R1, the second sampling resistor R2, third sampling resistor R3, the 4th sampling resistor R4,
The first sampling resistor R1, the second sampling resistor R2With i-th of super capacitor modules in parallel after series connection, the third samples electric
Hinder R3, the 4th sampling resistor R4After series connection with lower switch pipe Si2Parallel connection, the first sampling resistor R1, the 4th sampling resistor R4's
Lower end is connect with the cathode of i-th of super capacitor mould group, the first sampling resistor R1, the second sampling resistor R2Tie point
With the first voltage input terminal U of the comparatorIN1,iConnection, the third sampling resistor R3, the 4th sampling resistor R4Connection
The second voltage input terminal U of point and the comparatorIN2,iConnection；The signal isolation conversion portion includes high speed photo coupling, described
The output end of comparator and the input terminal of high speed photo coupling connect；
The microprocessor control unit includes FPGA；The output end of the high speed photo coupling is electrically connected with the input terminal of FPGA, institute
The output end for stating FPGA is electrically connected with communication unit, the communication unit and upper mechatronics or wireless connection.
2. a kind of carry out modularization using modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic device as described in claim 1
The method of more level energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnosis, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1: starting microprocessor control unit, microprocessor control unit pass through half-bridge driven signal S1-、S1+Control hardware
Detection unit is in operating status；
Step 2: the voltage rating unit of i-th of hardware detecting circuit carries out the output voltage of i-th of half-bridge converter real-time
Detection exports initial detecting signal and gives signal isolation conversion portion, and signal isolation conversion portion carries out electricity to initial detecting signal
Air bound from convert and export detection signal FiTo microprocessor control unit；
Step 3: microprocessor control unit combines detection signal FiWith half-bridge driven signal S1-、S1+, diagnosed according to open-circuit fault
Principle, judges whether open-circuit fault occurs, if there is no open-circuit fault, return step 2；If there is open-circuit fault,
Enter step 4；
Step 4: microprocessor control unit records the position that failure occurs, by the corresponding detection of the half-bridge converter to break down
The fault detection signal stored in signal and database compares, and judges fault type, forms diagnostic signal F, and will diagnosis
Signal F is transferred to host computer by communication unit；Change simultaneously half-bridge driven signal S1-、S1+To control the half-bridge to break down
Converter movement, to alleviate the voltage of the half-bridge converter to break down to protect energy-storage system；The diagnostic signal F includes
The corresponding number of the half-bridge converter to break down, detection signal, fault type.
3. modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
Modular multilevel DC converter uses phase-shift control mode, upper switch pipe and the work of lower switch pipe in same half-bridge converter
In complementary conduction mode；When busbar voltage is higher than setting value, the energy in bus transmit and store to super capacitor mould group with
Stablize busbar voltage；When busbar voltage is fallen, the energy stored in super capacitor mould group is discharged to bus to stablize bus electricity
Pressure；The output voltage of i-th of half-bridge converter is under normal operating conditions
Usmi=SiUsCi (1)
Wherein, SiThe influence for being ideal component for the power tube when i-th of half-bridge converter and ignoring dead time to output voltage
When i-th of half-bridge converter switch function, as the conducting of the upper bridge arm of i-th half-bridge converter and S when lower bridge arm turns offi=1,
The S when the conducting of the lower bridge arm of i-th of half-bridge converter and the shutdown of upper bridge armi=0；UsCiFor the super electricity of i-th of half-bridge converter
Molar group voltage；
When the influence in view of dead time to output voltage, it is positive with flowing to super capacitor mould group side current direction, dead
The output voltage of i-th of half-bridge converter is in area's time
Wherein, ILFor the electric current of inductance L.
4. modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described
Fault diagnosis algorithm built in microprocessor control unit, the fault diagnosis algorithm include switching signal rising delay part, tool
There is enabled and data latch function and door section；
Switching signal rising delay part is for avoiding the caused wrong diagnosis that is delayed, delay rise time tdelayRange be
ton+tdead+ttrans+tpc< tdelay< tmin (3)
Wherein, tonFor switching tube open time delay, tdeadFor dead time, ttransWhen for half-bridge driven signal propagation delay
Between, tpcFor high speed photo coupling open time delay；tminFor switching tube minimum turn-on time；
When switch function is 1, start to work with door section, with door section output high level indicate system without open-circuit fault, with
Door section exports low level expression system, and there are open-circuit faults；Switch function is not in prolong when being transformed into low level by high level
Late, and with door section it stops working, is latched in the state before stopping working with the level of door section output.
5. modular multilevel energy-storage system open-circuit fault diagnostic method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
Open-circuit fault diagnosis principle includes:
If open-circuit fault type is upper bridge arm open circuit: when energy-storage system runs on energy storage state, if Si=1 upper switch pipe Si1
Conducting, electric current pass through upper power tube VDi1It charges to i-th of super capacitor mould group, if Si=0 lower switch pipe Si2Conducting,
I-th of half-bridge converter runs on bypass condition；When energy-storage system runs on de-energized state, electric current will continue to flow through lower function
Rate pipe VDi2, i-th of super capacitor mould group storage energy cannot be released；To i-th of half-bridge converter when upper bridge arm open circuit
Output voltage be
If open-circuit fault type is lower bridge arm open circuit: when energy-storage system runs on energy storage state, electric current will continue to flow through function
Rate pipe VDi1It charges to i-th of super capacitor mould group；When energy-storage system runs on de-energized state, if Si=1 i-th
Super capacitor mould group passes through upper switch pipe Si1Electric discharge, if Si=0 i-th of half-bridge converter runs on bypass condition；To under
The output voltage of i-th of half-bridge converter is when bridge arm is opened a way
If open-circuit fault type is that upper and lower bridge arm is opened a way simultaneously: when energy-storage system runs on energy storage state, electric current will persistently flow
Through upper power tube VDi1It charges to i-th of super capacitor mould group；When energy-storage system runs on de-energized state, i-th super
Electric capacity module is there is no discharge loop and runs on bypass condition always；I-th of half bridgings when opening a way simultaneously to upper and lower bridge arm
The output voltage of parallel operation is
When energy-storage system runs on energy storage state, lower bridge arm open circuit causes the output voltage of half-bridge converter to change, on
Bridge arm open circuit is on energy-storage system without influence；When energy-storage system runs on de-energized state, upper bridge arm open circuit leads to half-bridge converter
Output voltage change, and lower bridge arm open circuit on energy-storage system without influence；When upper and lower bridge arm is opened a way simultaneously, semi-bridge alternation
The variation of the output voltage of device is identical as single tube open-circuit fault, and upper and lower bridge arm is opened a way simultaneously and is classified as bridge arm single tube open-circuit fault
It is handled；In dead time, bridge arm working condition is reduced to open-circuit fault processing, and energy-storage system runs on different working condition
Under dead time when half-bridge converter output voltage it is different；
The input voltage U of i-th of comparatorIN1,i、UIN2,iBe taken respectively from i-th of super capacitor mould group output voltage, i-th half
The output voltage of bridging parallel operation,
Wherein, UIN1,i、UIN2,iWithin the permission operating voltage range of comparator；
In switch function SiDifferent values under, UIN1,i、UIN2,iBetween relationship be
Under system worked well state, work as SiWhen=1, the initial detecting signal of comparator output is high level, high speed photo coupling pair
Initial detecting signal carries out the detection signal F exported after electrical isolation conversioniFor high level；Work as SiWhen=0, comparator output
Initial detecting signal is low level, and high speed photo coupling carries out the detection signal F exported after electrical isolation conversion to initial detecting signali
For low level；Meet UIN1,i、UIN2,iWithin the permission operating voltage range of comparator, the value of two groups of sampling resistors is closed
System is
R1R4> R2R3 (10)
When super capacitor mould group works in the range of nominal tension, the normal work of comparator will not influence；And in system due to
Tube voltage drop UdPresence, comparator work normally when super capacitor mould group output voltage cannot be infinitely small, tube voltage drop UdWith it is super
Relationship between the output voltage of electric capacity module and the output voltage of half-bridge converter is
UsCi=Usmi+Ud (11)
Formula (7), formula (8), formula (11) are substituted into formula (10), the output electricity that comparator works normally lower super capacitor mould group is obtained
The lower limit of pressure is
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