CN110333143A - Test machine - Google Patents

Test machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110333143A
CN110333143A CN201910772303.8A CN201910772303A CN110333143A CN 110333143 A CN110333143 A CN 110333143A CN 201910772303 A CN201910772303 A CN 201910772303A CN 110333143 A CN110333143 A CN 110333143A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
driving assembly
elastic component
driving
test machine
connect
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201910772303.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
曾达
叶焰杰
林宇峰
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Xiamen Medical Device Research And Development Testing Center Co Ltd
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Xiamen Medical Device Research And Development Testing Center Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Xiamen Medical Device Research And Development Testing Center Co Ltd filed Critical Xiamen Medical Device Research And Development Testing Center Co Ltd
Priority to CN201910772303.8A priority Critical patent/CN110333143A/en
Publication of CN110333143A publication Critical patent/CN110333143A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • G01N3/12Pressure testing

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment provides a kind of test machines, and for detecting the self tapping performance of Medical screw, test machine includes rack, the first driving assembly, the second driving assembly, elastic component and balance weight assembly;First driving assembly is connect with rack, and the second driving assembly is connect with housing slide, and elastic component is between the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly and can be held in the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly simultaneously;Balance weight assembly is connect with rack, for balancing the gravity of the second driving assembly, so that elastic component is in nature;First driving assembly is for driving elastic component to move, so that elastic component is compressed and drives the second driving assembly far from the first driving assembly;Second driving assembly is for driving Medical screw to be tested to rotate.The error of the test machine measurement result is small, and accuracy is high.

Description

Test machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to testing equipment fields, in particular to a kind of test machine.
Background technique
The self tapping performance of Medical screw is a very important performance indicator, referring generally to examination criteria be ASTM F543-A4 increases the axial load pressure of Medical screw with constant rate of speed.
The study found that the detection device of the existing self tapping performance for detecting Medical screw has the following disadvantages:
Testing result error is big.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention includes, for example, providing a kind of test machine, the self tapping performance that can reduce Medical screw is surveyed The error of test result improves the accuracy of testing result.
The embodiment of the present invention this can be implemented so that
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of test machine, for detecting the self tapping performance of Medical screw, test machine Include:
Rack, the first driving assembly, the second driving assembly, elastic component and balance weight assembly;First driving assembly and rack Connection, the second driving assembly connect with housing slide, and elastic component is between the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly and energy Enough while being held in the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly;Balance weight assembly is connect with rack, for balancing the second driving group The gravity of part, so that elastic component is in nature;First driving assembly is for driving elastic component to move, so that elastic component is compressed And drive the second driving assembly far from the first driving assembly;Second driving assembly is for driving Medical screw to be tested to rotate.
In alternative embodiments, elastic component includes spring, and spring is located at the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly Between, and the both ends of spring can support the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly simultaneously.
In alternative embodiments, elastic component is connect with the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly respectively.
In alternative embodiments, the first driving assembly includes stretching structure, and stretching structure is connect with rack, for driving Dynamic elasticity part is close or far from the second driving assembly.
In alternative embodiments, the second driving assembly includes motor and sliding part, sliding part and housing slide Cooperation, motor are connect with sliding part, and motor is for driving screw to be tested to rotate;Elastic component can be supported in sliding part On.
In alternative embodiments, guide part is provided in rack, sliding part is slidably matched with guide part.
In alternative embodiments, the second driving assembly further includes fixture, the output axis connection of fixture and motor, folder Tool is for clamping screw to be tested.
In alternative embodiments, balance weight assembly includes bracing wire, pulley blocks and clump weight, and pulley blocks and rack connect It connects, bracing wire is set around pulley blocks, and one end of bracing wire is connect with the second driving assembly, and the other end is connect with clump weight.
In alternative embodiments, balance weight assembly further includes load-bearing part, and load-bearing part is connect with housing slide, bracing wire with hold Holder connection, clump weight are placed on load-bearing part.
In alternative embodiments, test machine further includes first sensor and second sensor, and first sensor is used The pressure on screw to be tested is acted in detecting the first driving assembly;Second sensor is made for detecting the second driving assembly With the torsion on screw to be tested.
The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention includes, for example:
To sum up, a kind of test machine is present embodiments provided, during the test, the system that test machine and measured object are constituted Rigidity be affected to test result, set the rigidity of the first driving assembly as K1, the rigidity of the second driving assembly is K2, to The rigidity of the composite structure of the Medical screw and simulation bone block of test is K3.It should be appreciated that test when, need be by test machine Medical screw provides stable axial compressive force, and therefore, the rigidity of the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly is larger, to guarantee Radial and axial deformation is not susceptible in test process, therefore, the numerical value of K1 and K2 are much larger than the numerical value of K3, not set bullet Property part test macro overall stiffness K0=1/ (1/K1+1/K2+1/K3), the result of K0 is approximately equal to K3, when Medical screw and When simulating the change of at least one of both bone blocks, the overall stiffness of system will be changed, and be affected.It is not set when utilizing During the test equipment test Medical screw performance of elastic component, for Medical screw and the simulation continually changing feelings of bone block Condition needs to adjust the pid value of test equipment according to the experience of operator, to reach ideal control effect.Therefore, not set Due to operator's difference when the test equipment of elastic component uses, the effect of adjusting is different, and it is big to eventually lead to test result error, Accuracy is poor.Existing test equipment does not use elastic component, causes measurement error big, accuracy is poor.And the present embodiment provides Test machine, including elastic component sets the rigidity of elastic component as K4, and the rigidity of elastic component is much smaller than the numerical value of K1, K2 and K3, surveys Stiffness K 0 '=1/ (1/K1+1/K2+1/K3+1/K4) of test system entirety, the result of K0 ' are approximately equal to K4, namely when replacement is different Medical screw and simulation bone block when carrying out corresponding test, since elastic component does not change, system will not be caused Rigidity has large change, does not need the debugging of carry out system, reduces difficulty of test, and improves the accuracy of test result.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair The restriction of range for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to this A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram at the first visual angle of test machine provided in this embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram at the second visual angle of test machine provided in this embodiment.
Icon:
001- test machine;002- Medical screw;003- simulates bone block;100- rack;110- pedestal;120- column;130- Crossbeam;140- fixed plate;150- guide part;The first driving assembly of 200-;210- axial direction electric machine;220- pressing plate;300- second drives Dynamic component;310- motor;320- sliding panel;330- fixture;400- elastic component;500- balance weight assembly;510- bracing wire;520- is sliding Wheel group;530- clump weight;540- load-bearing part;600- first sensor;700- second sensor.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The present invention being usually described and illustrated herein in the accompanying drawings is implemented The component of example can be arranged and be designed with a variety of different configurations.
Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit below claimed The scope of the present invention, but be merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts belongs to the model that the present invention protects It encloses.
It should also be noted that similar label and letter indicate similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi It is defined in a attached drawing, does not then need that it is further defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if there is the side of the instructions such as term " on ", "lower", "inner", "outside" Position or positional relationship be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the invention product using when the side usually put Position or positional relationship, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than the device or member of indication or suggestion meaning Part must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, being only used for distinguishing description if there is term " first ", " second " etc., it is not understood to indicate or imply phase To importance.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in the embodiment of the present invention can be combined with each other.
A kind of test machine 001 is present embodiments provided, suitable for testing the self tapping performance of Medical screw 002, specifically, with In the axial load forces of test Medical screw 002.The performance parameter error for the Medical screw 002 that the test block measurement obtains is small, Accurately and reliably.
In the present embodiment, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are please referred to, Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram at the first visual angle of test machine 001, figure 2 show the structural schematic diagram at the second visual angle of test machine 001.Test machine 001 include rack 100, the first driving assembly 200, Second driving assembly 300, elastic component 400 and balance weight assembly 500;First driving assembly 200 is connect with rack 100, and second drives Dynamic component 300 is slidably connected with rack 100, and elastic component 400 is between the first driving assembly 200 and the second driving assembly 300 And it can be held in the first driving assembly 200 and the second driving assembly 300 simultaneously;Balance weight assembly 500 is connect with rack 100, is used In the gravity for balancing the second driving assembly 300, so that elastic component 400 is in nature, wherein nature refers to elastic component 400 in being not stretched, also un-compressed state;First driving assembly 200 is for driving elastic component 400 to move, so that bullet Property part 400 is compressed and drives the second driving assembly 300 far from the first driving assembly 200;Second driving assembly 300 is for driving Medical screw 002 to be tested rotates.
It should be noted that test machine 001 provided in this embodiment, in use, vertical place, the first driving assembly 200, Elastic component 400, the second driving assembly 300, Medical screw 002 and simulation bone block 003 are successively arranged from top to bottom.In test equipment It before operation, needs to adjust balance weight assembly 500, so that balance weight assembly 500 balances the gravity of the second driving assembly 300, makes to be located at the Elastic component 400 between one driving assembly 200 and the second driving assembly 300 is in nature, then can star the first driving Component 200 and the second driving assembly 300 are tested.First driving assembly 200 provides axial force, and pressing elastic component 400 makes bullet Property part 400 deformation occurs and generates elastic force, the concentric force of the first driving assembly 200 is first converted into elastic force, then pass through the elastic force 300 slide downward of the second driving assembly is driven, meanwhile, the second driving assembly 300 is that the Medical screw 002 being mounted thereon provides Torsion makes Medical screw 002 screw in simulation bone block by the collective effect of the first driving assembly 200 and the second driving assembly 300 003。
During the test, the rigidity for the system that test machine 001 is constituted with measured object is affected to test result, if The rigidity of fixed first driving assembly 200 is K1, and the rigidity of the second driving assembly 300 is K2, Medical screw 002 to be tested and mould The rigidity of the composite structure of quasi- bone block 003 is K3.It should be appreciated that needing through test machine 001 to be Medical screw 002 when test Stable axial compressive force is provided, therefore, the rigidity of the first driving assembly 200 and the second driving assembly 300 is larger, to guarantee surveying Radial and axial deformation is not susceptible to during examination, therefore, the numerical value of K1 and K2 are much larger than the numerical value of K3, not set elasticity The overall stiffness K0=1/ (1/K1+1/K2+1/K3) of the test macro of part 400, the result of K0 are approximately equal to K3, work as Medical screw When at least one of both 002 and simulation bone block 003 change, the overall stiffness of system will be changed, and be affected.Work as benefit During testing 002 performance of Medical screw with the test equipment of not set elastic component 400, for Medical screw 002 and simulation The continually changing situation of bone block 003, needs to adjust the pid value of test equipment according to the experience of operator, to reach ideal Control effect.Therefore, due to operator's difference when the test equipment of not set elastic component 400 uses, the effect of adjusting is different, Eventually lead to that test result error is big, and accuracy is poor.And existing test equipment does not use elastic component 400, it is medical when changing Screw 002 or simulation bone block 003 at least one when, the influence for system stiffness is big, needs operator rule of thumb Pid value is adjusted, and then causes the measurement error big, accuracy is poor.And test machine 001 provided in this embodiment, including elastic component 400, the rigidity of elastic component 400 is set as K4, and the rigidity of elastic component 400 is much smaller than the numerical value of K1, K2 and K3, and test macro is whole Stiffness K 0 '=1/ (1/K1+1/K2+1/K3+1/K4), the result of K0 ' is approximately equal to K4, namely when replacing different Medical screws 002 and simulation bone block 003 when carrying out corresponding test, since elastic component 400 does not change, the rigid of system will not be caused Degree has large change, does not need the debugging of carry out system, reduces difficulty of test, and improves the accuracy of test result.
It should be noted that above-mentioned calculation formula is related to the Rigidity Calculation formula of system after spring series connection, it is as follows:
When two spring series connection, it is assumed that spring is by pulling force F, then, first spring extends L1=F/K1, and second spring is stretched Long L2=F/K2, then general extension L=(F/K1+F/K2), new stiffness coefficient (stiffness factor) are K=F/L=1/ (1/K1+1/ K2)。
Optionally, rack 100 includes pedestal 110, two root posts 120, crossbeam 130 and fixed plate 140,110 water of pedestal Flat setting, 120 parallel interval of two root posts are arranged and connect with pedestal 110, and crossbeam 130 is fixed with two columns 120 simultaneously Connection, fixed plate 140 are fixedly connected with crossbeam 130.Pedestal 110 towards fixed plate 140 a plate face for place with it is to be tested The simulation bone block 003 that Medical screw 002 cooperates.The hole penetrated for Medical screw 002 can be preset in simulation bone block 003.
Further, rack 100 further includes guide part 150, and guide part 150 can be cylindrical bar, guide part 150 and solid Fixed board 140 is fixedly connected, and guide part 150 is parallel with column 120.
Optionally, elastic component 400 includes spring, and the deformability of spring is strong namely the rigidity of spring is small, spring rate Numerical value reciprocal is big, and the rigidity of entire test macro is more stable.The both ends of spring simultaneously with the first driving assembly 200 and second Driving assembly 300 connects, and when spring is vertically arranged, certain tensile deformation occurs under its own weight, in order to improve test result Accuracy, in test, needing to adjust balance weight assembly 500 makes spring in nature.Balance weight assembly 500 is needed while being balanced The gravity of second driving assembly 300 and the gravity of spring, make to be located at the first driving assembly 200 and the second driving assembly 300 it Between spring be not both stretched or do not compressed, in it is no storage elastic force nature, when the first driving assembly 200 There is provided axial force makes, and the elastic force that spring generates is equal with axial force, improves the accuracy of test result.
In other embodiments, elastic component 400 may include rubber pad.In addition, elastic component 400 is set to the first driving group Between part 200 and the second driving assembly 300, during the test, the opposite two sides of elastic component 400 can drive with first simultaneously Component 200 and the second driving assembly 300 support, and elastic component 400 can not be with the first driving assembly 200 and the second driving group Part 300 connects.
In the present embodiment, the first driving assembly 200 be elastic component 400 axial force is provided so that elastic component 400 by compression and Downward thrust is generated, the movement of the second driving assembly 300 is pushed.First driving assembly 200 may include stretching structure, for example, In the present embodiment, the first driving assembly 200 includes axial direction electric machine 210.Alternatively, in other embodiments, the first driving assembly 200 Including cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, rack and pinion drive mechanism or Lead screw transmission structure etc..
Further, the first driving assembly 200 further includes pressing plate 220, and pressing plate 220 makes elasticity for pressing elastic component 400 The stress of part 400 is more balanced, and the elastic force for making elastic component 400 is substantially vertically, be not likely to produce with vertical with angle Component on direction improves the accuracy of test result.Pressing plate 220 is slidably connected with guide part 150.
In the present embodiment, the second driving assembly 300 is that Medical screw 002 to be tested provides torsion, can drive peace It rotates, and then is screwed onto simulation bone block 003 loaded on the Medical screw 002 on the second driving assembly 300.Optionally, it second drives Dynamic component 300 includes motor 310, and motor 310 is slidably connected with rack 100, can be in the first driving assembly 200 and elasticity Short transverse under the mating reaction of part 400 along rack 100 reciprocatingly slides.
Further, the second driving assembly 300 includes sliding part, and sliding part can be sliding panel 320, on sliding panel 320 It is provided with pilot hole.Motor 310 is connect with sliding panel 320, and sliding panel 320 is slidably connected with rack 100.In other words, sliding Pilot hole on movable plate 320 is slidably matched with guide part 150, and guide part 150 is arranged in pilot hole, and sliding panel 320 can edge Guide part 150 axial reciprocating sliding.It should be noted that the quantity of the pilot hole on sliding panel 320 can be one or Person is multiple, and when the quantity of pilot hole is multiple, the quantity of guide part 150 is also multiple, multiple guide parts 150 and multiple guiding Hole corresponds and is slidably matched.
Further, the second driving assembly 300 further includes fixture 330, the output axis connection of fixture 330 and motor 310, Fixture 330 is for clamping Medical screw 002, and under the driving of motor 310, Medical screw 002 is rotated together with output shaft. Fixture 330 can be three-jaw clamper.
In the present embodiment, balance weight assembly 500 include bracing wire 510, pulley blocks 520 and clump weight 530, pulley blocks 520 with Rack 100 connects, and bracing wire 510 is set around pulley blocks 520, and one end of bracing wire 510 is connect with the second driving assembly 300, another One end is connect with clump weight 530.Optionally, bracing wire 510 is connect with the sliding panel 320 of the second driving assembly 300, and bracing wire 510 One end that the one end and bracing wire 510 connecting with sliding panel 320 are connect with clump weight 530 is located at the two sides of crossbeam 130, in other words It says, sliding panel 320 is located at the two sides of crossbeam 130 with clump weight 530, convenient for the setting of balance weight assembly 500.It should be noted that The quantity of 520 middle pulley of pulley blocks is arranged on demand, herein without specifically limiting.
Further, balance weight assembly 500 further includes load-bearing part 540, and load-bearing part 540 is slidably connected with rack 100, specifically , load-bearing part 540 is slidably connected with crossbeam 130 by guide frame, and guide frame can be mutually matched guide post guide sleeve etc.. Bracing wire 510 is connect with load-bearing part 540, and clump weight 530 is placed on load-bearing part 540.Load-bearing part 540 includes bearing frame, bearing frame energy Clump weight 530 is enough accommodated, the clump weight 530 in load-bearing part 540 can be increased and decreased on demand to adjust the second driving assembly 300 Gravity.It should be noted that, since Medical screw 002 has gravity, being needed at this time after Medical screw 002 is installed on fixture 330 The gravity of clump weight 530 is adjusted with the common gravity of balance medical screw 002 and the second driving assembly 300, to keep elasticity In the raw, since clump weight 530 is placed directly in load-bearing part 540, it is convenient to pick and place for part 400.Clump weight 530 can be weight Code operates more convenient convenient for directly reading the weight of clump weight 530.
In the present embodiment, optionally, test machine 001 further includes first sensor 600 and second sensor 700, and first Sensor 600 is for detecting the pressure that the first driving assembly 200 acts on Medical screw 002 to be tested;Second sensor 700 for detecting the torsion that the second driving assembly 300 acts on Medical screw 002 to be tested.Optionally, first sensor 600 are set on pedestal 110.Second sensor 700 is set on sliding part.
Test machine 001 provided in this embodiment, the rigidity of whole system are approximately equal to the inverse of the rigidity of elastic component 400, i.e., When making the replacement of at least one of Medical screw 002 and simulation bone block 003, the variation of the rigidity of whole system is small, does not need to adjust Pid value is tried, it is more convenient to measure, and measurement error is small, and measurement result is more accurate.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those familiar with the art, all answers It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the scope of protection of the claims It is quasi-.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of test machine, for detecting the self tapping performance of Medical screw, which is characterized in that the test machine includes:
Rack, the first driving assembly, the second driving assembly, elastic component and balance weight assembly;First driving assembly with it is described Rack connection, second driving assembly connect with the housing slide, the elastic component be located at first driving assembly with First driving assembly and second driving assembly can be held between second driving assembly and simultaneously;It is described to match Recombination part is connect with the rack, for balancing the gravity of second driving assembly, so that the elastic component is in nature; First driving assembly is for driving the elastic component to move, so that the elastic component is compressed and drives second driving Component is far from first driving assembly;Second driving assembly is for driving the Medical screw to be tested to rotate.
2. test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The elastic component includes spring, the spring between first driving assembly and second driving assembly, and The both ends of the spring can support first driving assembly and second driving assembly simultaneously.
3. test machine according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:
The elastic component is connect with first driving assembly and second driving assembly respectively.
4. test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
First driving assembly includes stretching structure, and the stretching structure is connect with the rack, for driving the elasticity Part is close or far from second driving assembly.
5. test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Second driving assembly includes motor and sliding part, and the sliding part and the housing slide cooperate, the electricity Motivation is connect with the sliding part, and the motor is for driving the Medical screw to be tested to rotate;The elastic component energy It enough supports on the sliding part.
6. test machine according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:
Guide part is provided in the rack, the sliding part is slidably matched with the guide part.
7. test machine according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:
Second driving assembly further includes fixture, and the output axis connection of the fixture and the motor, the fixture is used for Clamp the Medical screw to be tested.
8. test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The balance weight assembly includes bracing wire, pulley blocks and clump weight, and the pulley blocks are connect with the rack, the bracing wire around Set on the pulley blocks, and one end of the bracing wire is connect with second driving assembly, and the other end and the clump weight connect It connects.
9. test machine according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:
The balance weight assembly further includes load-bearing part, and the load-bearing part is connect with the housing slide, the bracing wire and the carrying Part connection, the clump weight are placed on the load-bearing part.
10. test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The test machine further includes first sensor and second sensor, and the first sensor drives for detecting described first Dynamic component acts on the pressure on the Medical screw to be tested;The second sensor is for detecting second driving group Part acts on the torsion on the Medical screw to be tested.
CN201910772303.8A 2019-08-21 2019-08-21 Test machine Pending CN110333143A (en)

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