CN110333052B - High-temperature rotating part test platform - Google Patents

High-temperature rotating part test platform Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110333052B
CN110333052B CN201910285894.6A CN201910285894A CN110333052B CN 110333052 B CN110333052 B CN 110333052B CN 201910285894 A CN201910285894 A CN 201910285894A CN 110333052 B CN110333052 B CN 110333052B
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optical fiber
rotating
rotating shaft
temperature
heating furnace
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CN110333052A (en
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谭跃刚
夏萍
吕文强
郭文卓
马贝贝
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B17/00Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
    • F27B17/02Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group specially designed for laboratory use
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/02Ohmic resistance heating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature rotating part testing platform which comprises a moving system, a workbench, a heating system and a detecting system, wherein the moving system comprises a rotating shaft, a rotating motor and a transmission piece; the rotating shaft is arranged on the workbench through a bearing, one end of the rotating shaft extends into the heating system, and one end of the rotating shaft, which is positioned in the heating system, is provided with a piece to be measured and is heated by the heating system; the other end of the rotating shaft is connected with a rotating motor through a transmission piece and is driven to rotate by the rotating motor; the detection system comprises an optical fiber sensor, a transmission optical fiber, an optical fiber rotary connector, a demodulator and a computer. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the test platform can simulate the working state of high temperature and high rotating speed of the rotating piece to be tested, provides a high temperature and dynamic strain coupling measurement environment for the optical fiber sensor, and can detect the strain distribution condition of the rotating piece to be tested at high temperature.

Description

High-temperature rotating part test platform
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rotating part test platform, in particular to a high-temperature rotating part test platform.
Background
The blades are important parts of aircraft engines and gas turbines and take an important role in converting heat energy and flow kinetic energy of gas into mechanical energy for rotating a turbine rotor to output. In the operation process of the gas turbine, the periodic excitation of the airflow generates forced vibration of the blades, and when the dynamic stress of the blades exceeds allowable strength, the fatigue fracture of the blades is finally caused. Therefore, high temperature dynamic testing of aircraft engine/gas turbine rotating turbine components in service is essential.
At present, due to the lack of a testing technology and a testing device for the blades in a working state, the temperature, the stress/strain level and the like of the rotating blades in a working environment cannot be directly detected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environment and stress state simulation platform of a high-temperature rotating part aiming at the defects of the prior art, and a rotating part test platform for simulating a high-temperature high-rotating-speed working condition is built.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a high-temperature rotating part test platform comprises a motion system, a workbench, a heating system and a detection system, wherein the motion system comprises a rotating shaft, a rotating motor and a transmission piece; the rotating shaft is arranged on the workbench through a bearing, one end of the rotating shaft extends into the heating system, and one end of the rotating shaft, which is positioned in the heating system, is provided with a piece to be measured and is heated by the heating system; the other end of the rotating shaft is connected with a rotating motor through a transmission piece and is driven to rotate by the rotating motor; the detection system comprises an optical fiber sensor, a transmission optical fiber, an optical fiber rotary connector, a demodulator and a computer, wherein the optical fiber sensor is installed on the surface of a part to be detected, the optical fiber rotary connector is installed at the end of a rotating shaft connected with a transmission part, a reflection signal of the optical fiber sensor is transmitted through the transmission optical fiber and is connected with the demodulator through the optical fiber rotary connector, and the demodulator is connected with the computer.
According to the scheme, the piece to be detected is a blade; the blade is installed on the pivot through the rim plate, optical fiber sensor installs on the blade.
According to the scheme, the transmission part comprises a driving belt wheel, a driven belt wheel and a belt for connecting the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel, the driving belt wheel is connected with a motor shaft of the rotating motor, and the driven belt wheel is installed at one end of the rotating shaft.
According to the scheme, the heating system comprises the heating furnace, and one end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the shaft hole in the side wall of the heating furnace and then extends into the heating furnace.
According to the scheme, the heating element is arranged on the inner wall of the heating furnace and is a U-shaped silicon-molybdenum rod, and an opening of the heating element is inserted into the inner top of the heating furnace.
According to the scheme, a communicated thermal circulation pipeline is arranged between two side walls of the heating furnace, and a plurality of groups of throttling and pressure reducing devices are sequentially arranged in the thermal circulation pipeline.
According to the scheme, five groups of throttling and pressure reducing devices are arranged in the thermal circulation pipeline; the throttling and pressure reducing device comprises a throttling plate, the plate surface of the throttling plate is perpendicular to the axis of the thermal circulation pipeline, and a plurality of throttling holes are uniformly formed in the plate surface of the throttling plate at intervals along the circumferential direction.
According to the scheme, two connecting flanges are respectively arranged on two sides of the throttle plate and are connected through bolts; a high-temperature sealing gasket is arranged between the connecting flange and the throttle plate.
According to the scheme, the thermal circulation pipeline is made of high-temperature-resistant metal materials, and the outer wall of the thermal circulation pipeline is insulated by high-temperature cotton.
According to the scheme, the rotating shaft is a ceramic shaft, the surface of the rotating shaft is provided with a strip-shaped optical fiber groove which is axially communicated, and the transmission optical fiber is led out of the heating furnace through the optical fiber groove and then is connected with the optical fiber rotary connector.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the test platform can simulate the working state of high temperature and high rotating speed of a rotating part to be tested, provides a high temperature and dynamic strain coupling measurement environment for the optical fiber sensor, can detect the strain distribution condition of the rotating part to be tested at high temperature, and provides basic data for the design rationality and modification of mechanical parts, particularly blade parts, which has important significance for deepening the understanding of the mechanical behavior of high-speed rotating parts and improving the research, design, analysis, processing and manufacturing levels of the rotating machinery;
2. according to the invention, the heating furnace is provided with the thermal circulation pipeline, and the pressure intensity in the heating furnace can be effectively reduced by utilizing the local resistance loss of the throttling orifice plate;
3. the high-temperature sealing plug is arranged at the opening of the heating furnace, and when a workpiece does not need to be arranged in the high-temperature sealing plug, the opening can be sealed by the standby high-temperature sealing plug and used as the high-temperature furnace;
4. the ceramic shaft is used as the rotating shaft, so that the ceramic shaft not only can bear the high-temperature environment of the heating furnace, but also can effectively reduce the influence caused by the deformation of the rotating shaft due to high temperature.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating system and a motion system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic connection diagram of the detection system and the motion system in this embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the left opening of the heating furnace in this embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the right side opening of the heating furnace in this embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the throttle plate in this embodiment.
Fig. 6 is an installation diagram of the throttle pressure reducing device in this embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the fiber grooves on the surface of the spindle in this embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a left side view of fig. 7.
Wherein: 1. heating furnace; 2. a heating element; 3. a thermal cycle line; 4. a throttling pressure reducing device; 5. a blade; 6. a rotating shaft; 7. a bearing; 8. a transmission member; 9. an optical fiber rotary connector; 10. a rotating electric machine; 11. a work table; 12. an optical fiber sensor; 13. a transmission optical fiber; 14. a computer; 15. a demodulator; 16. a pipe inlet connection hole; 17. a pipeline outlet connecting hole; 18. a shaft hole; 19. a throttle plate; 20. a gasket; 21. a connecting flange; 22. and (4) a fiber groove.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The high-temperature rotating component testing platform shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises a motion system, a workbench 11, a heating system and a detection system, wherein the motion system comprises a rotating shaft 6, a rotating motor 10 and a transmission piece 8; the rotating shaft 6 is arranged on the workbench 11 through a bearing 7, one end of the rotating shaft 6 extends into the heating system, and a to-be-detected piece is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft 6 extending into the heating system and is heated by the heating system; the other end of the rotating shaft 6 is connected with a rotating motor 10 through a transmission piece 8 and is driven to rotate by the rotating motor 10; the detection system comprises an optical fiber sensor 12, a transmission optical fiber 13, an optical fiber rotary connector 9, a demodulator 15 and a computer 14, wherein the optical fiber sensor is arranged on the surface of a piece to be detected, and the optical fiber rotary connector is arranged at the shaft end (namely the end connected with a transmission part) of the extending end of the rotating shaft; the reflected signal of the optical fiber sensor 12 is transmitted through a transmission optical fiber 13, is connected out by an optical fiber rotary connector 9 and is connected with a demodulator 15, and the demodulator 15 is connected with a computer 14 through a network cable.
Preferably, the rotating shaft 6 is a ceramic shaft; a wheel disc is installed at the heating end of the rotating shaft 6 through an expansion sleeve, the blade 5 is fixed on the wheel disc, and the optical fiber sensor 15 is installed on the blade 5. In this embodiment, the object to be measured is a blade 5.
Preferably, the transmission member 8 includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley, and a belt connecting the driving pulley and the driven pulley, the driving pulley is connected to a motor shaft of the rotating motor 10, and the driven pulley is installed at one end of the rotating shaft 6.
Preferably, the heating system comprises the heating furnace 1, and the heating end of the rotating shaft 6 extends into the heating furnace 1 after passing through a shaft hole 18 (shown in fig. 4) of the side wall of the heating furnace 1.
Preferably, the heating furnace 1 is provided with heating elements 2 on the inner wall thereof to provide a thermal environment for the heating furnace 1. In this embodiment, the heating element 2 is a U-shaped silicon-molybdenum rod, and its opening is inserted into the inner top of the heating furnace 1.
Preferably, a heat circulation pipeline 3 is arranged between two side walls of the heating furnace 1, specifically, a pipeline connecting hole (including a pipeline inlet connecting hole 16 and a pipeline outlet connecting hole 17 (as shown in fig. 3 and 4)) is respectively formed in each of the two side walls of the heating furnace 1, the pipeline inlet connecting hole 16 and the pipeline outlet connecting hole 17 are respectively communicated with the heat circulation pipeline 3 through pipeline flanges, and a plurality of groups of throttling and pressure reducing devices 4 are sequentially arranged in the heat circulation pipeline 3. in the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, five groups of throttling and pressure reducing devices 4 are arranged in the heat circulation pipeline 3, each throttling and pressure reducing device 4 includes a throttle plate 19, the plate surface of the throttle plate 19 is perpendicular to the axis of the heat circulation pipeline 3, a plurality of throttle holes are uniformly arranged on the plate surface of the throttle plate 19 at intervals along the circumferential direction, as shown in fig. 5, a connecting flange 21 is respectively arranged on each of the two sides of the throttle plate 19, the two connection flanges 21 are connected by bolts. A high-temperature gasket 20 is arranged between the connecting flange 21 and the throttle plate 19, as shown in fig. 6.
Preferably, the thermal circulation pipeline 3 is made of high-temperature-resistant metal material, and the outer wall of the thermal circulation pipeline is insulated by high-temperature cotton.
Preferably, high temperature sealing plugs are disposed at the duct inlet connection hole 16, the duct outlet connection hole 17, and the shaft hole 18 of the heating furnace 1, respectively.
Preferably, a strip-shaped optical fiber groove 22 is formed on the surface of the rotating shaft 6 and penetrates axially, and as shown in fig. 7, the transmission optical fiber 13 of the optical fiber sensor 12 is led out of the heating furnace 1 through the optical fiber groove 22 and then is connected with the optical fiber rotary connector 9. In this embodiment, the optical fiber is fixed in the optical fiber groove 22 by high temperature glue.
Firstly, turning on the demodulator 15 and the computer 14, and observing a reflection spectrum signal of the optical fiber sensor 12; a driving system of a point rotating motor 10 is provided with a rotating speed, and the driving motor 10 drives the rotating shaft 6 and the piece to be detected to rotate through a transmission piece 8; and simultaneously setting a temperature rise program of the heating furnace 1, and starting the heating furnace 1 to work. The optical fiber sensor 12 arranged on the surface of the blade 5 detects the strain response of the surface of the rotating blade 5, when the strain of the blade 5 changes, the reflection spectrum of the optical fiber sensor 12 changes, the change signal is transmitted to the demodulator 15 and the computer 14 through the optical fiber rotating connector 9, and the computer 14 analyzes and processes, measures the strain in real time and stores the measured data.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the above-mentioned embodiments, or equivalent substitutions of some technical features, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A high-temperature rotating part test platform is characterized by comprising a motion system, a workbench, a heating system and a detection system, wherein the motion system comprises a rotating shaft, a rotating motor and a transmission piece; the rotating shaft is arranged on the workbench through a bearing, one end of the rotating shaft extends into the heating system, and one end of the rotating shaft, which is positioned in the heating system, is provided with a piece to be measured and is heated by the heating system; the other end of the rotating shaft is connected with a rotating motor through a transmission piece and is driven to rotate by the rotating motor; the detection system comprises an optical fiber sensor, a transmission optical fiber, an optical fiber rotary connector, a demodulator and a computer, wherein the optical fiber sensor is arranged on the surface of a to-be-detected part, the optical fiber rotary connector is arranged at the shaft end of a rotating shaft connected with a transmission part, a reflection signal of the optical fiber sensor is transmitted through the transmission optical fiber and is connected with the demodulator through the optical fiber rotary connector, and the demodulator is connected with the computer; the heating system comprises a heating furnace, and the rotating shaft penetrates through a shaft hole in the side wall of the heating furnace and then extends into the heating furnace; a plurality of groups of throttling and pressure reducing devices are sequentially arranged in the thermal circulation pipeline; the throttling and pressure reducing device comprises a throttling plate, the plate surface of the throttling plate is perpendicular to the axis of the thermal circulation pipeline, and a plurality of throttling holes are uniformly formed in the plate surface of the throttling plate at intervals along the circumferential direction.
2. The high temperature rotary component test platform of claim 1, wherein the component to be tested is a blade, the blade is mounted on the rotating shaft through a wheel disc, and the optical fiber sensor is mounted on the blade.
3. The high temperature rotation member test platform of claim 1, wherein the transmission member comprises a driving pulley connected to a motor shaft of the rotating motor, a driven pulley mounted at one end of the rotating shaft, and a belt connecting the driving pulley and the driven pulley.
4. The high-temperature rotation component testing platform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating elements are mounted on the inner wall of the heating furnace, the heating elements are U-shaped silicon-molybdenum rods, and the openings of the U-shaped silicon-molybdenum rods are inserted into the inner top of the heating furnace.
5. The test platform for the high-temperature rotating components as claimed in claim 1, wherein two connecting flanges are respectively arranged on two sides of the throttle plate and are connected through bolts; a high-temperature sealing gasket is arranged between the connecting flange and the throttle plate.
6. The high-temperature rotating component testing platform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thermal circulation pipeline is made of high-temperature resistant metal material, and the outer wall of the thermal circulation pipeline is insulated by high-temperature cotton.
7. The testing platform for the high-temperature rotating component as claimed in claim 4, wherein the rotating shaft is a ceramic shaft, a strip-shaped optical fiber groove which is axially penetrated is formed in the surface of the rotating shaft, and the transmission optical fiber is led out of the heating furnace through the optical fiber groove and then connected with the optical fiber rotary connector.
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CN110849602A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-02-28 西北工业大学 Temperature and rotational speed adjustable high temperature rotating part dynamic experiment device
CN112284749A (en) * 2020-09-07 2021-01-29 武汉理工大学 Comprehensive experiment platform for testing high-temperature components
CN112345229B (en) * 2020-11-13 2022-02-08 东北大学 Fluid-solid-thermal coupling test device for adjustable stator blade
CN113358386B (en) * 2021-05-31 2023-09-29 扬州大学 Variable temperature field loading and detecting system for rotary machinery
CN114088292A (en) * 2021-11-10 2022-02-25 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 High-speed rotor high-temperature structure performance test system
CN115165140A (en) * 2022-08-19 2022-10-11 上海中车艾森迪海洋装备有限公司 Temperature measurement system and method for underwater robot

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