CN110329262A - 带有自由轮联接的变速器档位的传动系的控制方法 - Google Patents

带有自由轮联接的变速器档位的传动系的控制方法 Download PDF

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CN110329262A
CN110329262A CN201910250215.1A CN201910250215A CN110329262A CN 110329262 A CN110329262 A CN 110329262A CN 201910250215 A CN201910250215 A CN 201910250215A CN 110329262 A CN110329262 A CN 110329262A
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freewheel
engine
speed
revolving speed
speed changer
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S.舍费尔
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Volkswagen AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/383—One-way clutches or freewheel devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
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    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
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    • B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
    • B60W30/18072—Coasting
    • B60W2030/1809—Without torque flow between driveshaft and engine, e.g. with clutch disengaged or transmission in neutral
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/02—Clutches
    • B60W2510/0241—Clutch slip, i.e. difference between input and output speeds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/02—Clutches
    • B60W2510/0283—Clutch input shaft speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/10—Change speed gearings
    • B60W2510/1005—Transmission ratio engaged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/10—Accelerator pedal position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
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    • B60W2710/0644—Engine speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60Y2400/427—One-way clutches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种带有自由轮联接的变速器档位的传动系的控制方法，具体而言涉及一种用于控制机动车的传动系的方法，该传动系带有发动机、可由发动机经由发动机轴驱动的变速器且带有通过传递牵引力矩的自由轮联接的变速器档位，可通过由驾驶员改变加速踏板的位置来改变发动机轴的转速。以简单的且成本适宜的方式可通过如下方式提高驾驶舒适度和/或减少构件磨损，即当至少一个自由轮联接的变速器档位启用时，自由轮的发动机侧的自由轮输入转速和自由轮输出侧的自由轮输出转速被查明，当查明的自由轮输出转速大于查明的自由轮输入转速并且加速踏板的位置保持维持不变或降低时，发动机以发动机轴理论转速运行，其刚好位于查明的自由轮输出转速以下。

Description

带有自由轮联接的变速器档位的传动系的控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据专利权利要求1的前序部分的特征的用于控制机动车、尤其混动车的传动系(Antriebsstrang，有时称为动力总成系统)的方法。
背景技术
机动车的传动系可尤其具有至少一个发动机、例如内燃机和/或电动机和可由发动机经由发动机轴驱动的变速器。在此，能够通过由驾驶员改变加速踏板的位置可改变发动机轴的转速。在传统的纯地以内燃机的方式驱动的机动车的情况中，传动系具有内燃机。在电动车的情况中，传动系具有电动机。在混动车的情况中，传动系不仅具有内燃机而且具有电动机，并且可混动地和/或纯地以内燃机的方式和/或纯地以电动机的方式来驱动。
由文件DE 10 2010 023 093 B4已知一种用于机动车的传动系和用于其控制的方法。在此，传动系包括内燃机、电动机和变速器。在内燃机与通过内燃机驱动的机动车轴之间在此布置有自由轮。在此，自由轮可布置在变速器之前的功率流(Leistungsfluss，有时称为能流)中。
由文件DE 102 21 701 A1已知一种用于控制带有自动化离合器装置和可操控的发动机的机动车的方法，在其中在闭合离合器以用于结束航行模式(Segelmodus)之前查明变速器驱动轴的转速并且如此调节发动机的转速，使得两个转速一致或彼此协调。
由文件DE 10 2012 212 230 A1已知一种用于使机动车从航行运行(在所述航行运行中自动化的离合器打开)转变到正常运行中的方法，在所述正常运行中，当由于加速踏板的操纵驱动装置的转速几乎已达到变速器的输入轴的同步化转速时，闭合自动化的离合器。在此，在航行运行期间且在闭合离合器期间，由驱动装置给出的转速被尤其限制到同步转速上。
在现有技术中已知的方法然而仍未最佳地来构造。因此，当带有具有发动机、可由发动机驱动的变速器和自由轮联接的变速器的传动系的机动车的驾驶员在带有在发动机侧的自由轮输入侧和自由轮输出侧之间的高的转速差的打开的自由轮的情况中操纵加速踏板或者提高加速踏板的位置并且将车辆从推动(Schub，有时称为滑行)转换成牵引时，可由于突然的闭合自由轮导致机动车的猛烈的冲击和剧烈的晃动(Ruck，有时称为猛拉或急冲)。在此，在发动机侧的自由轮输入侧与自由轮输出侧之间的高的转速差可例如通过如下方式来产生，即发动机调整推动力矩，变速器由于仅仅传递牵引力矩的自由轮不能够捕获该推动力矩，并且因此发动机转速可快速地下降例如直到发动机的空转转速上。然而，在闭合自由轮的情况中机动车的猛烈的冲击和剧烈的晃动可损害驾驶舒适度并且/或者导致例如自由轮的提高的构件磨损。
发明内容
因此，本发明所基于的任务是如此设计且改进开头提到的用于控制机动车、尤其混动车的传动系的方法，使得由此提高驾驶舒适度并且/或者减少构件磨损。
本发明所基于的任务通过带有专利权利要求1的特征的用于控制机动车、尤其混动车的传动系的方法来解决。
在此，传动系包括至少一个发动机、例如内燃机和/或电动机、可由发动机经由发动机轴驱动的变速器和至少一个传递牵引力矩的自由轮联接的变速器档位。在此，可通过由驾驶员改变加速踏板的位置来改变发动机轴的转速。
在此，尤其当至少一个自由轮联接的变速器档位被启用时，查明自由轮的发动机轴侧的自由轮输入转速和自由轮输出侧的自由轮输出转速。表达“启用”尤其表示自由轮联接的变速器档位已“挂入”，即尤其不挂入变速器中的其它档位，即尤其借助于其它档位不可在变速器中实现力传递。可例如测量和/或计算自由轮输入转速和自由轮输出转速。
在此，于是例如当车辆的驾驶员例如借助于例如还被称为“手自一体”的自动化的手动切换变速器已选出至少一个自由轮联接的变速器档位并且/或者在双离合变速器的情况中通过离合器接合关联于自由轮联接的变速器档位的变速器输入轴时，可使至少一个自由轮联接的变速器档位启用。
根据发动机轴侧的自由轮输入转速和自由轮输出侧的自由轮输出转速，尤其根据它们的自由轮转速差(在自由轮输入转速与自由轮输出转速之间的差)，可查明自由轮的状态。当查明的自由轮输出转速大于查明的自由轮输入转速时，这例如意味着，尤其仅仅传递牵引力矩的自由轮是打开的并且尤其存在不可经由自由轮传递的推动力矩。基于对自由轮差异转速的具体探测可有利地识别推动力矩(发动机推动(Motorschub，有时称为滑行模式))，而在此不必使用易变的变量，例如行驶轨道坡度和/或机动车质量。因此，该方法可在没有匹配这样的易变变量的情况下转用到多种不同车辆类型上。
(于是)尤其当查明的自由轮输出转速大于查明的自由轮输入转速并且加速踏板的位置保持维持不变或降低时，发动机以发动机轴理论转速运行，其刚好位于查明的自由轮输出转速以下。
因此可将发动机的转速引导到发动机理论转速上并且避免在自由轮输入转速与自由轮输出转速之间的高的自由轮转速差，并且由此在从推动到牵引中的负荷变化的情况中实现直接的连结并且同时避免以高的自由轮差异转速突然闭合自由轮且由此避免机动车的猛烈的冲击和/或剧烈的晃动。因此又可提高驾驶舒适度并且/或者减少构件磨损。
尤其即使在上坡行驶的情形中(例如在其中当重力坡面分量负责相比于发动机推动力矩更剧烈下降的发动机转速梯度时，自由轮尽管发动机推动力矩仍可保持闭合)并且/或者在下坡行驶的情形中(例如在其中当重力坡面分量导致相比于发动机牵引力矩更大的正的转速梯度时，自由轮即使在发动机牵引力矩(正的发动机力矩)的情形中也可打开)该方法也可起作用。
刚好位于查明的自由轮输出转速以下的转速可尤其理解成如下转速，其位于查明的自由轮输出转速的≥90%至＜100%的范围内。
在一优选的设计方案中，发动机轴理论转速位于＞0至≤100Upm(Upm=转每分钟)、例如≥10至≤90Upm、例如50Upm，位于查明的自由轮输出转速以下。
通过发动机在位于查明的自由轮输出转速以下(刚好例如50Upm)的发动机转速的情况中运行，因此可确保的是，一方面不传递非期望的力矩且另一方面使自由轮无论如何保持打开。
在另一设计方案中，(于是)当查明的自由轮输出转速又等于或小于查明的自由轮输入转速和/或加速踏板的位置又提高时，以如下发动机轴转速运行发动机，该发动机轴转速对应于加速踏板的位置并且尤其大于之前的发动机轴理论转速。因此可由发动机轴理论转速出发以小的自由轮转速差闭合自由轮并且避免机动车的猛烈的冲击和/或剧烈的晃动。
在另一设计方案中，尤其由变速器的变速器控制器查明变速器中的自由轮输入转速、自由轮输出转速、它们彼此的比例和发动机轴理论转速。该方法可如此施用到变速器、尤其变速器控制器中，其中，发动机或发动机的发动机控制器可相应地维持不变。这对于插电式混动车而言特别有利。
在另一设计方案中，将发动机轴理论转速从变速器、尤其从变速器的变速器控制器发出、尤其发送到发动机处。如已阐述的那样，因此可将该方法以简单的方式施用到变速器中、尤其变速器控制器中，尤其在此不用适配发动机或发动机控制器。
通过发动机轴理论转速的发出、尤其发送可有利地附加地间接告知发动机、例如发动机的发动机控制器(MSG)：不可经由至少一个自由轮联接的变速器档位传递推动力矩。
在另一设计方案中，将发动机轴理论转速从变速器、尤其从变速器的变速器控制器发出、尤其发送到发动机的发动机控制器处。
在另一设计方案中，至少一个自由轮联接的变速器档位是变速器的第一前进档位。通过使用用于联接(Schaltung，有时称为切换)变速器档位、尤其变速器的第一前进档位的自由轮，可节省档位调节执行机构(Gangstelleraktuatorik)和/或减少构件磨损。
在另一设计方案中，变速器是尤其实施成自动化的手动切换变速器的例如带有至少一个另外的前进档位的多档位变速器、尤其分级变速器和/或双离合变速器。
在另一设计方案中，该方法设计用于控制带有内燃机和至少一个电动机、尤其带有至少一个能够以电动机的方式和/或以回收器的方式运行的电机的混动车、例如插电式混动车的传动系。
因此避免了开头提到的缺点并且获得相应的优点。
附图说明
现在存在多种以有利的方式设计和改进根据本发明的方法的可能性。为此允许首先参照后置于专利权利要求1的专利权利要求。接下来根据图纸和从属的说明更详细阐述根据本发明的方法的优选的设计方案。在图纸中：
图1以示意图显示了在带有发动机、可由发动机经由发动机轴驱动的变速器和至少一个传递牵引力矩的自由轮联接的变速器档位的机动车传动系的情况中(在没有根据本发明的方法的情况下)的加速踏板位置、发动机轴转速和自由轮输出转速的曲线；以及
图2以示意图显示了在带有发动机、可由发动机经由发动机轴驱动的变速器和至少一个传递牵引力矩的自由轮联接的变速器档位的机动车传动系的情况中(在利用根据本发明的方法的情况下)的加速踏板位置、发动机轴转速和自由轮输出转速的曲线。
参考符号列表
FS 加速踏板位置
UFA 自由轮输出转速
UM,FE 发动机轴转速/自由轮输入转速
UM,Soll 发动机轴理论转速。
具体实施方式
图1显示了在没有根据本发明的方法的情况下的运行的带有发动机、可由发动机经由发动机轴驱动的变速器和至少一个传递牵引力矩的自由轮联接的变速器档位的传动系处的测量结果。
图1阐明，当自由轮在机动车的推动运行中打开时，同时尤其还可以是自由轮输入转速的发动机轴转速UM,FE明显小于自由轮输出转速UFA，并且如有可能可下降直到发动机的空转转速上。当驾驶员在该状态中操纵加速踏板或者提高加速踏板的位置时，发动机轴-转速UM,FE在燃料供给(Gasnahme，有时称为油门响应)中的一定的延迟之后以多的力矩和高的动力升高并且突如其来地闭合自由轮，这可导致机动车中的猛烈的冲击和/或剧烈的晃动。
图2显示了在利用根据本发明的方法的情况下的运行的带有发动机、可由发动机经由发动机轴驱动的变速器和至少一个传递牵引力矩的自由轮联接的变速器档位的传动系处的测量结果。
图2阐明，当自由轮在机动车的推动运行中打开时，同时尤其还可以是自由轮输入转速的发动机轴转速UM,FE保持在发动机轴理论转速UM,Soll，其刚好位于自由轮输出转速UFA以下。当驾驶员在该状态中操纵加速踏板并且尤其提高加速踏板的位置时，发动机轴转速UM,FE在燃料供给中的一定的延迟之后仅仅从刚好位于自由轮输出转速以下的发动机轴理论转速UM,Soll上升到自由轮输出转速UFA上，并且自由轮相对平缓地闭合且尤其在机动车中不再出现猛烈的冲击和/或剧烈的晃动。
图2此外显示出，通过根据本发明的方法可明显快速实现连结。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于控制机动车、尤其混动车的传动系的方法，该传动系带有至少一个发动机、可由发动机经由发动机轴驱动的变速器和至少一个传递牵引力矩的自由轮联接的变速器档位，其中，可通过由驾驶员改变加速踏板(FS)的位置来改变所述发动机轴的转速，其特征在于，当至少一个自由轮联接的变速器档位启用时，查明所述自由轮的发动机侧的自由轮输入转速(UM,FE)和自由轮输出侧的自由轮输出转速(UFA)，其中，当查明的所述自由轮输出转速(UFA)大于查明的自由轮输入转速(UM,FE)并且所述加速踏板(FS)的位置保持维持不变或降低时，所述发动机以发动机轴理论转速(UM,Soll)运行，该发动机轴理论转速刚好位于查明的所述自由轮输出转速(UFA)以下。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发动机轴理论转速(UM,Soll)＞0至≤100Upm、尤其≥10至≤90Upm，位于查明的所述自由轮输出转速(UFA)以下。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，当查明的所述自由轮输出转速(UFA)又等于或小于查明的所述自由轮输入转速(UM,FE)和/或所述加速踏板(FS)的位置提高时，所述发动机以发动机轴转速(UM,FE)运行，该发动机轴转速对应于所述加速踏板(FS)的位置并且尤其大于之前的所述发动机轴理论转速(UM,Soll)。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，尤其由所述变速器的变速器控制器查明所述变速器中的所述自由轮输入转速(UM,FE)、所述自由轮输出转速(UFA)、它们彼此的比例和/或所述发动机轴理论转速(UM,Soll)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发动机轴理论转速(UM,Soll)由所述变速器、尤其由所述变速器的变速器控制器发出、尤其发送到所述发动机处。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发动机轴理论转速(UM,Soll)由所述变速器、尤其由所述变速器的变速器控制器发出、尤其发送到所述发动机的发动机控制器处。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，测量和/或计算所述自由轮输入转速(UM,FE)和所述自由轮输出转速(UFA)。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个自由轮联接的变速器档位是所述变速器的前进档位。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述变速器是尤其实施成自动化的手动切换变速器的带有至少一个另外的前进档位的多档位变速器、尤其双离合变速器和/或分级变速器。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法设计成用于控制带有内燃机和至少一个电动机、尤其带有至少一个能够以电动机的方式和/或以回收器的方式运行的电机的混动车的传动系。
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