CN110328497B

CN110328497B - Valve machining method

Info

Publication number: CN110328497B
Application number: CN201910721346.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董服义
Original assignee: Yuhuan Dazhong Copper Industry Co Ltd
Current assignee: Yuhuan Dazhong Copper Industry Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-08-06
Filing date: 2019-08-06
Publication date: 2020-08-21
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-06
Also published as: CN110328497A

Abstract

The invention discloses a valve machining method, which comprises the following steps: a. manufacturing a valve body: detecting the purchased castings, performing flaw detection by using ultrasonic waves, performing surfacing and postweld heat treatment on the qualified castings, and grinding the sealing surfaces of the castings; b. manufacturing process of valve internals: detecting purchased raw materials, preparing the raw materials into a blank, then carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection on the blank, carrying out surfacing welding and postweld heat treatment on the qualified blank, and grinding the sealing surface of the blank; c. end cover processing: b, the blank in the step b comprises an end cover blank, the end cover is placed on a punching device, and a threaded hole is punched in the end cover to finish the machining of the end cover; d. manufacturing a fastener; e. final assembly: the method comprises the steps of cleaning produced parts, roughly assembling the parts, carrying out a hydrostatic test on the assembled valve, disassembling the assembled valve after the parts are qualified, wiping the assembled valve, assembling the parts together, debugging the parts with an actuator, painting the surface of the valve after the debugging is finished, and carrying the valve package.

Description

Valve machining method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of valve machining, and particularly relates to a valve machining method.

Background

The valve is a control part in a fluid conveying system and has the functions of stopping, adjusting, guiding, preventing counter flow, stabilizing pressure, shunting or overflowing and relieving pressure and the like. The valve mainly comprises a valve body, an opening and closing component and an end cover, wherein the end cover of the valve is mostly disc-shaped, a plurality of threaded holes which are radially and uniformly distributed by taking the circle center of the end cover as the center are arranged on the end cover of the valve, and the end cover is similar to a flange plate, so that the end cover of the valve can be conveniently fixed on the valve body through bolts. In the valve end cover course of working, need the drill bit to bore a plurality of screw holes on the valve end cover, general screw hole processing needs to go through two steps, punch earlier the tapping promptly, just can make a complete screw hole, the through-hole has been beaten on the end cover usually to the current man-hour of valve end cover, will beat the end cover of through-hole afterwards and take out and do the tapping processing, the processing of end cover needs just can accomplish on two equipment, the end cover process time has also been wasted in the transport of end cover during, the production efficiency of valve has been influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a valve machining method for overcoming the defects of the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method of valve machining comprising:

a. manufacturing a valve body: detecting the purchased castings, performing flaw detection by using ultrasonic waves, performing surfacing and postweld heat treatment on the qualified castings, and grinding the sealing surfaces of the castings;

b. manufacturing process of valve internals: detecting purchased raw materials, preparing the raw materials into a blank, then carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection on the blank, carrying out surfacing welding and postweld heat treatment on the qualified blank, and grinding the sealing surface of the blank;

c. end cover processing: b, the blank in the step b comprises an end cover blank, the end cover is placed on a punching device, and a threaded hole is punched in the end cover to finish the machining of the end cover;

d. manufacturing a fastener: detecting purchased raw materials, preparing the raw materials into blanks, sampling the blanks, performing necessary inspection, and performing spectral inspection after rough machining and fine machining;

e. final assembly: cleaning produced parts, roughly assembling, performing a hydraulic test on the assembled valve, disassembling and wiping the assembled valve after the assembled valve is qualified, assembling the parts together, debugging the parts with an actuator, painting the surface of the valve after the debugging is finished, and carrying the valve package;

wherein, the punching device in the step c comprises a processing table, a mounting plate arranged above the processing table, a first conveying belt, a second conveying belt, a third conveying belt and a fourth conveying belt which are arranged at the periphery of the processing table, a material carrying plate is arranged on the first conveying belt, a first groove matched with the end cover is arranged on the material carrying plate, a second groove matched with the end cover is arranged on the processing table, a first movable cavity is arranged at the bottom of the second groove, a third driving motor is arranged in the first movable cavity, a first through hole is arranged on the inner wall of the second groove, a waste material cavity is arranged at the bottom of the first through hole, a waste material box is inserted in the waste material cavity, a first movable groove is arranged on the mounting plate, a movable block is arranged in the first movable groove and can move along the inner wall of the first movable groove, a drilling cutter and a screw tap are arranged at the bottom of the movable block, the movable block is provided with a first driving motor for driving the drilling cutter to rotate and a second driving motor for driving the screw tap to rotate, and the drilling cutter and the screw tap can move up and down when rotating; after the end cover blank is produced, the end cover blank is placed in a first groove on a material carrying plate, the end cover blank is fixed on the material carrying plate, the material carrying plate is placed on a first conveyor belt to drive the material carrying plate to move, an end cover on the material carrying plate is conveyed to a processing table, the end cover on the material carrying plate is placed in a second groove, the second groove fixes the end cover, a movable block moves to the position above the second groove along a first movable groove, a first driving motor drives a drilling knife to rotate, the drilling knife moves downwards when rotating to enable the drilling knife to be in contact with the end cover, a through hole is punched in the end cover, the drilling knife is pulled out of the through hole, a third driving motor drives the end cover to rotate to enable the through hole punched in the end cover to rotate to the position below a screw tap, a second driving motor drives the screw tap to rotate, the screw tap moves downwards to form an internal thread in the through hole, and the drilling knife works on the other, the drilling cutter and the screw tap are drawn out of the through hole, the third driving motor drives the end cover to rotate again, and the process is repeated to complete the machining of the threaded hole in the end cover; and the waste residues formed at the through holes of the end covers fall from the first through holes, so that the waste residues fall in the waste material box to clean the waste residues.

The drilling cutter and the screw tap are arranged at the bottom of the movable block at the same time, and the drilling points on the end cover are rotated to the positions below the drilling cutter and the screw tap one by one under the cooperation of the third driving motor, so that the end cover can be directly machined on the same machining device without carrying the end cover, and the machining efficiency of the end cover is improved; under the action of a third driving motor, the end cover automatically rotates after being punched, so that the screw tap is aligned with the through hole punched in the end cover, the end cover can be directly tapped after being punched, time consumption in the middle process is reduced, and the end cover machining process is simplified; under the mutual cooperation of the first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt, the third conveyor belt and the fourth conveyor belt, the end cover is conveyed and automatically conveyed to the processing table, and after the end cover is processed, the processed end cover is output from the processing table under the action of the conveyor belts so as to be convenient for collecting the processed end cover; the scraps generated when the end cover is processed through the scrap box are collected, so that the scraps are prevented from being left on the processing table to influence the processing treatment on the end cover, and the scraps are convenient to treat.

The concrete operation in the step a is that the processed casting is put into a smelting furnace to be heated into liquid metal water, and the mould is put into a medium-frequency heating furnace to be heated to 200-300 ℃; taking out the die from the intermediate frequency heating furnace and installing the die on a die casting machine; injecting molten metal into a die through a die casting machine; cooling the mold after the mold is taken out to obtain a preliminarily molded blank; carrying out deburring treatment on the blank; and (5) carrying out extrusion finish machining on the inner hole of the blank to obtain a finished valve body.

B, after obtaining the metal water in the step a, injecting the metal water into a heat preservation furnace for heat preservation treatment, and increasing the pressure in the heat preservation furnace to 5-7 times of atmospheric pressure in the heat preservation process

In the step a, the molten metal undergoes a plurality of temperature environments in the heat preservation furnace, and each temperature environment comprises three stages: t 1: keeping the temperature at the constant temperature of 750 ℃, keeping the temperature for 9-11 minutes, and raising the pressure of the casting to 2-3 times of atmospheric pressure in the heat preservation process; t 2: keeping the temperature at the constant temperature of 700 ℃, wherein the heat preservation time is 14-16 minutes, and the pressure reaches 4 times of atmospheric pressure before 10 minutes in the stage; t 3: and (3) keeping the temperature at 750 ℃ for 10-15 minutes, and reaching 5-7 times of atmospheric pressure before the end of the stage.

And (4) after the atmospheric pressure of 5-7 times is reached in the step t3, keeping the temperature and the pressure for 10 minutes in a state of not continuously changing.

The processing table is provided with a positioning block matched with the material carrying plate, the processing table is provided with a first connecting block, the first connecting block is rotatably connected with a movable plate, the movable plate is provided with a second movable cavity, a clamping jaw is arranged in the second movable cavity, the clamping jaw can move along the inner wall of the second movable cavity, the clamping jaw is provided with a through cavity, a first driving wheel is arranged in the through cavity, the processing table is provided with a third groove, a fourth driving motor is arranged in the third groove, the third groove is arranged on one side of the second groove, and a second driving wheel matched with the first driving wheel is arranged on an output shaft of the fourth driving motor; the first conveyor belt conveys the material carrying plate provided with the end cover to the processing table, the material carrying plate is arranged on one side of the positioning block, the material carrying plate is arranged at a designated position on the processing table, the movable plate rotates to the material carrying plate, the clamping jaw moves along the inner wall of the second movable cavity, the clamping jaw is contacted with the side wall of the end cover, the clamping jaw clamps the end cover tightly, the movable plate drives the end cover to turn over towards the middle part of the processing table, the movable plate conveys the end cover into the second groove, and when the end cover is positioned on the second groove, the fourth driving motor drives the second driving wheel to rotate, so that the second driving wheel drives the first driving wheel to rotate, the side wall of the first driving wheel is contacted with the side wall of the end cover, thereby driving the end cover to rotate, when the end cover rotates to the position corresponding to the second groove, the end cover falls into the second groove, positioning the end cover so that the end cover is placed in the second groove to complete the machining process of the threaded hole in the end cover; placing the material carrying plate on a designated position on the processing table under the action of the positioning block so as to enable the clamping jaws to be better matched with the upper end cover of the material carrying plate, and enabling the end cover on the material carrying plate to be automatically added into the second groove to finish the automatic processing of the end cover; after the clamping jaw fixes the end cover, first drive wheel contacts with the end cover lateral wall, makes first drive wheel drive the end cover and rotates under fourth driving motor's effect, adjusts the position of end cover, makes the end cover rotate to the position relative with the second recess to make the second recess play the positioning action to the end cover, make the drilling sword directly relative with the processing point on the end cover, so that directly do the processing to the end cover, promote the machining precision to the end cover.

The drilling tool is characterized in that a third movable cavity is formed in the movable block, a first push block is arranged in the third movable cavity, a mounting groove is formed in the first push block, a first driving motor is arranged above the mounting groove, an output shaft of the first driving motor penetrates into the mounting groove, a sleeve is arranged on the output shaft of the first driving motor, the drilling tool is arranged in the sleeve, a fourth groove is formed in the side wall of the sleeve, a limiting rod matched with the fourth groove is arranged on the side wall of the drilling tool, a fifth groove matched with the limiting rod is formed in the side wall of the mounting groove, a fourth movable cavity matched with the limiting rod is formed in the bottom of the mounting groove, a mounting cavity is formed in the inner wall of the mounting groove, and a limiting component matched with the drilling tool is arranged in the mounting cavity; when the drilling cutter is installed, the limiting rod is aligned with the fifth groove, the limiting rod is inserted into the fifth groove, the limiting rod enters the bottom of the installation groove along the fifth groove, the top of the drilling cutter enters the sleeve, the limiting rod is embedded into the fourth groove, the sleeve and the drilling cutter form rotation stopping fit, when the drilling cutter is inserted into the installation groove, the limiting assembly is matched with the drilling cutter, the drilling cutter is fixed in the installation groove, the installation of the drilling cutter is completed, and the drilling operation of the end cover is completed through the drilling cutter; under the mutual matching of the limiting rod and the fourth groove, the first driving motor drives the drilling cutter to rotate together when driving the sleeve to rotate, and the first driving motor provides rotary power for the drilling cutter so as to complete the drilling treatment of the end cover; under the mutual matching of the limiting rod and the limiting component, the drilling cutter is respectively limited in different directions, so that the drilling cutter is prevented from being separated from the movable block, and the matching effect of the drilling cutter and the movable block is improved; when changing the drilling sword, push the installation intracavity with spacing subassembly, make spacing subassembly and drilling sword throw off the cooperation to processing drilling sword is pulled down from the movable block, reduces the drilling sword and changes the degree of difficulty, guarantees the drilling effect of drilling sword to the end cover.

The invention has the following advantages: set up drilling sword and screw tap simultaneously in the movable block bottom, under third driving motor's cooperation, make the point of punching on the end cover rotate one by one to drilling sword and screw tap below, can directly accomplish the processing of end cover on same processingequipment, need not to carry the end cover, promote end cover machining efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an end cap processing apparatus in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an end cap processing apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a second cross-sectional view of the end cap processing apparatus in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of fig. 4 at B.

Fig. 6 is a third schematic cross-sectional view of an end cap processing apparatus in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of fig. 6 at C.

Fig. 8 is a fourth schematic cross-sectional view of an end cap processing apparatus in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of fig. 8 at D.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of fig. 8 at E.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the end cap of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Example 1;

a method of valve machining comprising: a. manufacturing a valve body: detecting the purchased castings, performing flaw detection by using ultrasonic waves, performing surfacing and postweld heat treatment on the qualified castings, and grinding the sealing surfaces of the castings; b. manufacturing process of valve internals: detecting purchased raw materials, preparing the raw materials into a blank, then carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection on the blank, carrying out surfacing welding and postweld heat treatment on the qualified blank, and grinding the sealing surface of the blank; c. end cover processing: b, the blank in the step b comprises an end cover blank, the end cover is placed on a punching device, and a threaded hole is punched in the end cover to finish the machining of the end cover; d. manufacturing a fastener: detecting purchased raw materials, preparing the raw materials into blanks, sampling the blanks, performing necessary inspection, and performing spectral inspection after rough machining and fine machining; e. final assembly: cleaning produced parts, roughly assembling, performing a hydraulic test on the assembled valve, disassembling and wiping the assembled valve after the assembled valve is qualified, assembling the parts together, debugging the parts with an actuator, painting the surface of the valve after the debugging is finished, and carrying the valve package; the concrete operation in the step a is that the processed casting is put into a smelting furnace to be heated into liquid metal water, and the mould is put into a medium-frequency heating furnace to be heated to 200 ℃; taking out the die from the intermediate frequency heating furnace and installing the die on a die casting machine; injecting molten metal into a die through a die casting machine; cooling the mold after the mold is taken out to obtain a preliminarily molded blank; carrying out deburring treatment on the blank; carrying out extrusion finish machining on the inner hole of the blank to obtain a finished valve body; after the metal water is obtained in the step a, injecting the metal water into a heat preservation furnace for heat preservation treatment, and increasing the pressure in the heat preservation furnace to 5 times of atmospheric pressure in the heat preservation process; in the step a, the molten metal undergoes a plurality of temperature environments in the heat preservation furnace, and each temperature environment comprises three stages: t 1: keeping the temperature at 750 ℃ for 9 minutes, and raising the pressure of the casting to 2 times of atmospheric pressure in the heat preservation process; t 2: keeping the temperature at the constant temperature of 700 ℃, wherein the heat preservation time is 14 minutes and reaches 4 times of atmospheric pressure before 10 minutes in the stage; t 3: keeping the temperature at 750 ℃ for 10 minutes, and reaching 5 times of atmospheric pressure before the end of the stage; after reaching 5 times atmospheric pressure in the step t3, the temperature and pressure are kept unchanged for 10 minutes.

As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the punching device in step c includes a processing table 1, a mounting plate 2 disposed above the processing table 1, and a first conveyor belt 5, a second conveyor belt 6, a third conveyor belt 7, and a fourth conveyor belt 8 disposed around the processing table 1, wherein the first conveyor belt 5 is provided with a material carrying plate 4, the material carrying plate 4 is provided with a first groove matched with the end cap 9, the processing table 1 is provided with a second groove 11 matched with the end cap 9, the bottom of the second groove 11 is provided with a first movable cavity, the first movable cavity is provided with a third driving motor, the inner wall of the second groove 11 is provided with a first through hole, the bottom of the first through hole is provided with a waste cavity, a waste box 12 is inserted into the waste cavity, the mounting plate 2 is provided with a first movable groove, and the first movable block 3 is disposed in the first movable groove, the movable block 3 can move along the inner wall of the first movable groove, a drilling knife 31 and a screw tap 35 are arranged at the bottom of the movable block 3, a first driving motor 321 for driving the drilling knife 31 to rotate and a second driving motor 36 for driving the screw tap 35 to rotate are arranged on the movable block 3, and the drilling knife 31 and the screw tap 35 can move up and down when rotating; after the end cover blank is produced, the end cover blank is placed in a first groove on a material carrying plate 4, the end cover blank is fixed on a material carrying plate 4, the material carrying plate 4 is placed on a first conveyor belt 5 to drive the material carrying plate 4 to move, an end cover on the material carrying plate 4 is conveyed to a processing table 1, the end cover on the material carrying plate 4 is placed in a second groove 11, the end cover is fixed by the second groove 11, a movable block 3 moves to the position above the second groove 11 along a first movable groove, a first driving motor 321 drives a drilling cutter 31 to rotate, the drilling cutter 31 moves downwards when rotating to enable the drilling cutter 31 to be in contact with the end cover, a through hole is punched in the end cover, then the drilling cutter 31 is drawn out of the through hole, a third driving motor drives the end cover 9 to rotate, the through hole punched by the end cover 9 rotates to the position below a screw tap 35, a second driving motor 36 drives the screw tap 35 to rotate, and the screw tap 35 moves downwards to form an internal, meanwhile, the drilling knife 31 works again to drill a through hole on the other side of the end cover 9, the drilling knife 31 and the screw tap 35 are drawn out of the through hole, the third driving motor drives the end cover 9 to rotate again, and the process is repeated to finish machining of the threaded hole in the end cover 9; the waste residue that end cover 9 through-hole department formed drops from the first through-hole in, makes the waste residue drop in waste material box 12, clears up the waste residue.

Be equipped with the second ejector pad on the waste material box lateral wall, be convenient for directly pull out waste material box from the waste material intracavity under the second ejector pad effect to clear up the waste residue in the waste material box, reduce the clearance degree of difficulty to the waste residue.

The mounting plate is provided with two second connecting blocks 23 which are respectively provided with two ends of the first movable groove, a first threaded rod 21 penetrates through the second connecting blocks, the top of each movable block is provided with a third connecting block, the first threaded rod penetrates through the third connecting blocks, and the mounting plate is provided with a fifth driving motor 22 matched with the first threaded rod; when the movable block needs to move, the fifth driving motor drives the first threaded rod to rotate, the first movable groove limits the movable block, the movable block cannot rotate along with the first threaded rod, the movable block is driven to move along the first movable groove under the action of threads, and the drilling cutter and the screw tap are moved to the position above the second groove so as to process the end cover; the movement of the movable block in the first movable groove is controlled through the first threaded rod, so that the movement of the movable block is controlled conveniently, the moving distance of the movable block is more accurate, and the transmission stability is ensured.

Be equipped with first spout on the first activity inslot wall, be equipped with on the movable block lateral wall with first spout matched with first slider provides the holding power for the movable block under the cooperation of first spout and first slider, prevents that the movable block from falling out from first activity inslot, promotes the cooperation effect in movable block and first activity groove.

The processing table 1 is provided with a positioning block 17 matched with the material carrying plate 4, the processing table 1 is provided with a first connecting block 13, the first connecting block 13 is rotatably connected with a movable plate 14, the movable plate 14 is provided with a second movable cavity, a clamping jaw 15 is arranged in the second movable cavity, the clamping jaw 15 can move along the inner wall of the second movable cavity, the clamping jaw 15 is provided with a through cavity, a first driving wheel 151 is arranged in the through cavity, the processing table 1 is provided with a third groove, a fourth driving motor 18 is arranged in the third groove, the third groove is arranged on one side of the second groove 11, and a second driving wheel 181 matched with the first driving wheel 151 is arranged on an output shaft of the fourth driving motor 18; the first conveyor belt 5 conveys the material carrying plate 4 provided with the end cover 9 to the processing table 1, the material carrying plate 4 is arranged on one side of the positioning block 17, the material carrying plate 4 is arranged at a designated position on the processing table 1, the movable plate 14 rotates to the material carrying plate 4, the clamping jaws 15 move along the inner wall of the second movable cavity, the clamping jaws 15 are in contact with the side wall of the end cover 9, the end cover 9 is clamped by the clamping jaws 15, the movable plate 14 drives the end cover 9 to turn over towards the middle part of the processing table 1, the movable plate 14 conveys the end cover 9 into the second groove 11, when the end cover 9 is positioned on the second groove 11, the fourth drive motor 18 drives the second drive wheel 181 to rotate, the second drive wheel 181 drives the first drive wheel 151 to rotate, the side wall of the first drive wheel 151 is in contact with the side wall of the end cover 9, thereby driving the end cover 9 to rotate, when the end cover 9 rotates to a position corresponding to the, positioning the end cover 9, and placing the end cover 9 in the second groove 11 to complete the machining process of the threaded hole in the end cover 9; placing the material carrying plate on a designated position on the processing table under the action of the positioning block so as to enable the clamping jaws to be better matched with the upper end cover of the material carrying plate, and enabling the end cover on the material carrying plate to be automatically added into the second groove to finish the automatic processing of the end cover; after the clamping jaw fixes the end cover, first drive wheel contacts with the end cover lateral wall, makes first drive wheel drive the end cover and rotates under fourth driving motor's effect, adjusts the position of end cover, makes the end cover rotate to the position relative with the second recess to make the second recess play the positioning action to the end cover, make the drilling sword directly relative with the processing point on the end cover, so that directly do the processing to the end cover, promote the machining precision to the end cover.

The first conveyor belt structure is the same as the third conveyor belt structure, the second conveyor belt structure is the same as the fourth conveyor belt structure, a plurality of first push plates are arranged on the first conveyor belt, the distance between every two adjacent first push plates is the distance between every two adjacent first push plates, the two groups of movable plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the second groove, the number of the positioning blocks is also two, and the two groups of positioning blocks are symmetrically arranged; placing the material carrying plate provided with the end cover to be processed on a first conveying belt, driving the material carrying plate to move forwards by the first conveying belt, placing an empty material carrying plate on a third conveying belt, driving the material carrying plate to move forwards by the third conveying belt, simultaneously conveying the two material carrying plates to a processing table under the action of the first conveying belt and the third conveying belt, turning and processing the end cover close to the movable plate provided with the end cover, placing the end cover into a second groove, processing the end cover, turning and taking out the end cover in the second groove by the movable plate on the other side after the end cover processing is finished, placing the end cover onto the empty material carrying plate, conveying the second material carrying plate to the processing table by the first conveying belt after all the end covers on the material carrying plate originally provided with the end cover to be processed are taken away, pushing the second material carrying plate to move forwards by a first push plate on the first conveying belt, pushing the first material carrying plate to move forwards, pushing the first material carrying plate to a second conveying belt, and conveying the empty material carrying plate away to finish the replacement of the material carrying plate; after the original blank material carrying plate is filled with the processed end cover, the second material carrying plate is conveyed to the processing platform by the third conveying belt, the first push plate on the third conveying belt pushes the second material carrying plate to move forwards, the second material carrying plate moves forwards to push the first material carrying plate, the first material carrying plate is pushed to the fourth conveying belt, the material carrying plate provided with the end cover is conveyed away, and the material carrying plate is replaced.

Second threaded rod 16 wears to be equipped with in the second activity intracavity, and the second threaded rod wears to locate on the clamping jaw, second activity intracavity be equipped with second threaded rod matched with sixth driving motor 161, sixth driving motor are double-end motor, and when sixth driving motor drive second threaded rod rotated, the second threaded rod cooperateed with the clamping jaw, drive the clamping jaw and remove along second activity intracavity wall, make the clamping jaw toward the motion of end cover direction, the clamping jaw contacts with the end cover lateral wall, fixes the end cover, makes the fly leaf drive the end cover when rotating and rotates together.

The rotation mode of the movable plate is the prior art, and is not described again; the end cover is placed on the material carrying plate in an inverted mode, so that when the end cover on the material carrying plate is placed in the second groove through the movable plate, the end cover is in an upright state, and the end cover is located through the second groove.

The third driving motor is a stepping motor, and the third driving motor rotates 90 degrees at the same time interval, so that the processing points on the end cover sequentially rotate to the position below the drilling cutter, and the end cover is processed conveniently.

A third movable cavity is arranged on the movable block 3, a first push block 32 is arranged in the third movable cavity, a mounting groove is arranged on the first push block 32, the first driving motor 321 is arranged above the mounting groove, an output shaft of the first driving motor 321 penetrates through the mounting groove, a sleeve 322 is arranged on the output shaft of the first driving motor 321, the drilling cutter 31 is arranged in the sleeve 322, a fourth groove is arranged on the side wall of the sleeve 322, a limiting rod 311 matched with the fourth groove is arranged on the side wall of the drilling cutter 31, a fifth groove matched with the limiting rod 311 is arranged on the side wall of the mounting groove, a fourth movable cavity matched with the limiting rod 311 is arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove, a mounting cavity is arranged on the inner wall of the mounting groove, and a limiting component matched with the drilling cutter 31 is arranged in the mounting cavity; when the drilling knife 31 is installed, the limiting rod 311 is aligned with the fifth groove, the limiting rod 311 is inserted into the fifth groove, the limiting rod 311 enters the bottom of the installation groove along the fifth groove, so that the top of the drilling knife 31 enters the sleeve 322, the limiting rod 311 is embedded into the fourth groove, the sleeve 322 and the drilling knife 31 form a rotation stopping fit, when the drilling knife 31 is inserted into the installation groove, the limiting component and the drilling knife 31 form a fit, the drilling knife 31 is fixed in the installation groove, the installation of the drilling knife 31 is completed, and the drilling operation of the end cover 9 is completed through the drilling knife 31; under the mutual matching of the limiting rod and the fourth groove, the first driving motor drives the drilling cutter to rotate together when driving the sleeve to rotate, and the first driving motor provides rotary power for the drilling cutter so as to complete the drilling treatment of the end cover; under the mutual matching of the limiting rod and the limiting component, the drilling cutter is respectively limited in different directions, so that the drilling cutter is prevented from being separated from the movable block, and the matching effect of the drilling cutter and the movable block is improved; when changing the drilling sword, push the installation intracavity with spacing subassembly, make spacing subassembly and drilling sword throw off the cooperation to processing drilling sword is pulled down from the movable block, reduces the drilling sword and changes the degree of difficulty, guarantees the drilling effect of drilling sword to the end cover.

A fifth movable cavity communicated with the third movable cavity is arranged on one side of the third movable cavity, compressed air is filled in the fifth movable cavity, an air cylinder 34 is arranged in the fifth movable cavity, a second push plate 341 is arranged on a piston rod of the air cylinder, the fifth movable cavity is communicated with the top of the third movable cavity, and a first limiting plate matched with the third movable cavity is arranged at the top of the first push block; when first driving motor drive drilling sword rotated, the cylinder promoted the second push pedal forward motion, made the compressed air that the second push pedal promoted the fifth movable cavity flow toward the third movable cavity intracavity, and compressed air promotes first ejector pad backward motion after entering into the third movable cavity intracavity, makes drilling sword down motion when rotating to accomplish the processing of punching on the end cover.

A second sliding groove is formed in the inner wall of the mounting cavity, a second sliding block is arranged in the second sliding groove, the limiting assembly comprises a second limiting plate 39 which is rotatably connected to the second sliding block, a supporting plate 310 which is arranged at the bottom of the mounting groove and a connecting spring 3101 which is arranged in the supporting plate, a cavity is formed in the supporting plate, the connecting spring is arranged in the cavity, the top end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the second limiting plate, and a limiting groove which is matched with the second limiting plate is formed in the side wall of the drilling cutter; when the drilling cutter is installed in the installation groove, the top end of the drilling cutter is in contact with the second limiting plate, the drilling cutter pushes the second limiting plate to turn over around the connection point, the second limiting plate rotates to enter the installation cavity, and therefore the drilling cutter is installed in the sleeve; when drilling sword top and sleeve top contacted, spacing groove motion to installation cavity one side, and connecting spring pulling second limiting plate down moves, makes the second limiting plate down the upset enter into the spacing inslot, and the second limiting plate card plays limiting displacement to the drilling sword at the spacing inslot, fixes the installation of accomplishing the drilling sword in the mounting groove with the drilling sword.

A second movable groove is formed in the bottom of the mounting cavity, a third push plate 391 matched with the second movable groove is arranged at the bottom of the second limiting plate, the third push plate penetrates through the second movable groove, and a supporting spring 392 is arranged at one end of the second limiting plate; when the drilling cutter reaches the service life after being used for a period of time, the third push plate is pushed along the second movable groove, so that the second limiting plate moves towards one end of the mounting cavity, the second limiting plate is separated from the limiting groove, and the second limiting plate loses the limiting effect on the drilling cutter, so that the drilling cutter can be directly taken out from the mounting groove, and the replacement difficulty of the drilling cutter is reduced; make the second slider be in second spout one end position all the time under supporting spring effect to automatically play limiting displacement to the drilling sword after the drilling sword inserts in the mounting groove, simplify drilling sword installation.

A fourth groove is formed in the bottom of the movable block, the fourth groove is formed in one side of the mounting groove, a second driving motor is arranged in the fourth groove, a sleeve 37 is arranged on an output shaft of the second driving motor, a transmission hole is formed in the sleeve, the output shaft of the second driving motor penetrates through the transmission hole, first transmission teeth are arranged on the inner wall of the transmission hole, second transmission teeth are arranged on the output shaft of the second driving motor, first threads are formed in the side wall of the sleeve, and second threads matched with the first threads are formed in the inner wall of the fourth groove; the screw tap is arranged in the sleeve in a penetrating mode, the sleeve is connected with the screw tap through threads, a fixing ring 38 is sleeved on the screw tap, and the fixing ring is connected with the screw tap through threads; when the screw tap is installed, the screw tap is inserted into the sleeve, the screw tap is rotated to enable the screw tap to enter the sleeve, when the top of the screw tap is contacted with the top of the sleeve, the fixing ring is sleeved on the screw tap, the top surface of the fixing ring is contacted with the bottom surface of the sleeve by rotating the fixing ring, the screw tap is fixed on the sleeve, and the installation of the screw tap is completed; when second driving motor drive screw tap rotated, made the sleeve pipe downstream under the screw-thread fit of sleeve pipe lateral wall screw thread and fourth recess inner wall, thereby drive the screw tap downstream, make the screw tap downstream in the pivoted, so that accomplish the tapping processing to the through-hole on the end cover, after the through-hole tapping processing was accomplished, second driving motor drive sleeve pipe antiport, the screw tap is along with the sleeve pipe upstream, make the screw tap deviate from in the through-hole, so that do the tapping processing to next through-hole through the screw tap.

After an end cover blank is formed, sequentially placing end covers to be processed on a material carrying plate, fixing the end covers through a first groove in the material carrying plate, placing the material carrying plate on a first conveyor belt after the end covers are fully placed in the first groove of the material carrying plate, driving the material carrying plate to move forwards through the first conveyor belt, and conveying the material carrying plate provided with the end covers to a processing table; when the material carrying plate with the end covers is placed on the first conveyor belt, the empty material carrying plate is placed on the third conveyor belt, the empty material carrying plate is conveyed to the processing table under the action of the third conveyor belt, the two material carrying plates are fixed by the positioning block, the end covers are turned and processed close to the movable plate with the end covers and placed on the second groove, the first driving wheel is matched with the second driving wheel, the fourth driving motor drives the second driving wheel to rotate, the second driving wheel drives the first driving wheel to rotate, the first driving wheel is contacted with the side wall of the end cover, the end cover is driven to rotate at the top of the second groove, when the end cover rotates to a position corresponding to the second groove, the end cover falls into the second groove, the end cover is positioned by the second groove, the movable block moves to the position above the second groove under the action of the first threaded rod, the first driving motor drives the drilling cutter to rotate, and the air cylinder gradually pushes the compressed air in the fifth movable cavity into the third movable cavity, the first push block drives the drilling cutter to move downwards, the drilling cutter moves downwards in the rotating process to be in contact with a processing point on the end cover, and the processing point of the end cover is subjected to punching treatment; after the through hole in one side of the end cover is drilled, the third driving motor drives the end cover to rotate, the drilled through hole is made to rotate to the position below the screw tap, the second driving motor drives the screw tap to rotate, the screw tap moves downwards during rotation, tapping processing is completed in the through hole, and the drilling cutter and the screw tap repeat work until all the threaded holes in one end cover are machined; the movable block moves away from the upper part of the second groove along the first movable groove to prevent the movable plate from colliding with the drilling cutter and the screw tap during overturning, the movable plate on the other side of the machining table rotates to the second groove, the end cover is clamped through the clamping jaws, the movable plate overturns towards the direction of the material carrying plate to carry the end cover machined in the second groove to the material carrying plate, and the machined end cover is collected; after the original blank material carrying plate is filled with the processed end cover, the second material carrying plate is conveyed to the processing table by the third conveying belt, the first push plate on the third conveying belt pushes the second material carrying plate to move forwards, the second material carrying plate moves forwards to push the first material carrying plate, the first material carrying plate is pushed to the fourth conveying belt, the material carrying plate with the end cover is conveyed away, the replacement of the material carrying plate is completed, the processes are repeated afterwards, and the device continuously operates to process the end cover.

Example 2:

a method of valve machining comprising: a. manufacturing a valve body: detecting the purchased castings, performing flaw detection by using ultrasonic waves, performing surfacing and postweld heat treatment on the qualified castings, and grinding the sealing surfaces of the castings; b. manufacturing process of valve internals: detecting purchased raw materials, preparing the raw materials into a blank, then carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection on the blank, carrying out surfacing welding and postweld heat treatment on the qualified blank, and grinding the sealing surface of the blank; c. end cover processing: b, the blank in the step b comprises an end cover blank, the end cover is placed on a punching device, and a threaded hole is punched in the end cover to finish the machining of the end cover; d. manufacturing a fastener: detecting purchased raw materials, preparing the raw materials into blanks, sampling the blanks, performing necessary inspection, and performing spectral inspection after rough machining and fine machining; e. final assembly: cleaning produced parts, roughly assembling, performing a hydraulic test on the assembled valve, disassembling and wiping the assembled valve after the assembled valve is qualified, assembling the parts together, debugging the parts with an actuator, painting the surface of the valve after the debugging is finished, and carrying the valve package; the concrete operation in the step a is that the processed casting is put into a smelting furnace to be heated into liquid metal water, and the mould is put into a medium-frequency heating furnace to be heated to 300 ℃; taking out the die from the intermediate frequency heating furnace and installing the die on a die casting machine; injecting molten metal into a die through a die casting machine; cooling the mold after the mold is taken out to obtain a preliminarily molded blank; carrying out deburring treatment on the blank; carrying out extrusion finish machining on the inner hole of the blank to obtain a finished valve body; after the metal water is obtained in the step a, injecting the metal water into a heat preservation furnace for heat preservation treatment, and increasing the pressure in the heat preservation furnace to 7 times of atmospheric pressure in the heat preservation process; in the step a, the molten metal undergoes a plurality of temperature environments in the heat preservation furnace, and each temperature environment comprises three stages: t 1: keeping the temperature at 750 ℃ for 11 minutes, and raising the pressure of the casting to 3 times of atmospheric pressure in the heat preservation process; t 2: keeping the temperature at the constant temperature of 700 ℃, wherein the heat preservation time is 16 minutes and reaches 4 times of atmospheric pressure before 10 minutes in the stage; t 3: keeping the temperature at 750 ℃ for 15 minutes, and reaching 7 times of atmospheric pressure before the end of the stage; after 7 times of atmospheric pressure is reached in the step t3, keeping the state of no continuous change of temperature and pressure for 10 minutes; the structure of the end cap processing device is the same as that of the end cap processing device in the embodiment 1.

Example 3:

a method of valve machining comprising: a. manufacturing a valve body: detecting the purchased castings, performing flaw detection by using ultrasonic waves, performing surfacing and postweld heat treatment on the qualified castings, and grinding the sealing surfaces of the castings; b. manufacturing process of valve internals: detecting purchased raw materials, preparing the raw materials into a blank, then carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection on the blank, carrying out surfacing welding and postweld heat treatment on the qualified blank, and grinding the sealing surface of the blank; c. end cover processing: b, the blank in the step b comprises an end cover blank, the end cover is placed on a punching device, and a threaded hole is punched in the end cover to finish the machining of the end cover; d. manufacturing a fastener: detecting purchased raw materials, preparing the raw materials into blanks, sampling the blanks, performing necessary inspection, and performing spectral inspection after rough machining and fine machining; e. final assembly: cleaning produced parts, roughly assembling, performing a hydraulic test on the assembled valve, disassembling and wiping the assembled valve after the assembled valve is qualified, assembling the parts together, debugging the parts with an actuator, painting the surface of the valve after the debugging is finished, and carrying the valve package; the concrete operation in the step a is that the processed casting is put into a smelting furnace to be heated into liquid metal water, and the mould is put into a medium-frequency heating furnace to be heated to 250 ℃; taking out the die from the intermediate frequency heating furnace and installing the die on a die casting machine; injecting molten metal into a die through a die casting machine; cooling the mold after the mold is taken out to obtain a preliminarily molded blank; carrying out deburring treatment on the blank; carrying out extrusion finish machining on the inner hole of the blank to obtain a finished valve body; after the metal water is obtained in the step a, injecting the metal water into a heat preservation furnace for heat preservation treatment, and increasing the pressure in the heat preservation furnace to 6 times of atmospheric pressure in the heat preservation process; in the step a, the molten metal undergoes a plurality of temperature environments in the heat preservation furnace, and each temperature environment comprises three stages: t 1: keeping the temperature at the constant temperature of 750 ℃, keeping the temperature for 9-11 minutes, and raising the pressure of the casting to 3 times of atmospheric pressure in the heat preservation process; t 2: keeping the temperature at the constant temperature of 700 ℃, wherein the heat preservation time is 15 minutes and reaches 4 times of atmospheric pressure before 10 minutes in the stage; t 3: keeping the temperature at 750 ℃ for 13 minutes, and reaching 6 times of atmospheric pressure before the end of the stage; after 6 times of atmospheric pressure is reached in the step t3, keeping the state of no continuous change of temperature and pressure for 10 minutes; the structure of the end cap processing device is the same as that of the end cap processing device in the embodiment 1.

Claims

1. A valve machining method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

wherein the punching device in the step c comprises a processing table (1), a mounting plate (2) arranged above the processing table (1), a first conveying belt (5), a second conveying belt (6), a third conveying belt (7) and a fourth conveying belt (8) which are arranged on the periphery of the processing table (1), a material carrying plate (4) is arranged on the first conveying belt (5), a first groove matched with the end cover (9) is formed in the material carrying plate (4), a second groove (11) matched with the end cover (9) is formed in the processing table (1), a first movable cavity is arranged at the bottom of the second groove (11), a third driving motor is arranged in the first movable cavity, a first through hole is formed in the inner wall of the second groove (11), a waste material cavity is formed in the bottom of the first through hole, a waste material box (12) is inserted in the waste material cavity, the drilling tool is characterized in that a first movable groove is formed in the mounting plate (2), a movable block (3) is arranged in the first movable groove, the movable block (3) can move along the inner wall of the first movable groove, a drilling tool (31) and a screw tap (35) are arranged at the bottom of the movable block (3), a first driving motor (321) used for driving the drilling tool (31) to rotate and a second driving motor (36) used for driving the screw tap (35) to rotate are arranged on the movable block (3), and the drilling tool (31) and the screw tap (35) can move up and down when rotating; after the end cover blank is produced, the end cover blank is placed in a first groove on a material carrying plate (4), the end cover blank is fixed on the material carrying plate (4), the material carrying plate (4) is placed on a first conveying belt (5) to drive the material carrying plate (4) to move, an end cover on the material carrying plate (4) is conveyed to a processing table (1), an end cover on the material carrying plate (4) is placed into a second groove (11), the second groove (11) fixes the end cover, a movable block (3) moves to the position above the second groove (11) along a first movable groove, a first driving motor (321) drives a drilling knife (31) to rotate, the drilling knife (31) moves downwards when rotating, the drilling knife (31) is in contact with the end cover, a through hole is punched in the end cover, the drilling knife (31) is drawn out of the through hole, a third driving motor drives the end cover (9) to rotate, and the through hole punched in the end cover (9) rotates to the position below a screw tap (35), the screw tap (35) is driven to rotate by the second driving motor (36), the screw tap (35) moves downwards to form internal threads in the through hole, the drilling cutter (31) works on the other side of the end cover (9) again to drill the through hole, the drilling cutter (31) and the screw tap (35) are drawn out of the through hole, the third driving motor drives the end cover (9) to rotate again, the processes are repeated, and the threaded hole machining on the end cover (9) is completed; waste residues formed at the through hole of the end cover (9) fall from the first through hole, so that the waste residues fall into the waste material box (12) and are cleaned; the concrete operation in the step a is that the processed casting is put into a smelting furnace to be heated into liquid metal water, and the mould is put into a medium-frequency heating furnace to be heated to 200-300 ℃; taking out the die from the intermediate frequency heating furnace and installing the die on a die casting machine; injecting molten metal into a die through a die casting machine; cooling the mold after the mold is taken out to obtain a preliminarily molded blank; carrying out deburring treatment on the blank; carrying out extrusion finish machining on the inner hole of the blank to obtain a finished valve body; after the metal water is obtained in the step a, injecting the metal water into a heat preservation furnace for heat preservation treatment, and increasing the pressure in the heat preservation furnace to 5-7 times atmospheric pressure in the heat preservation process; in the step a, the molten metal undergoes a plurality of temperature environments in the heat preservation furnace, and each temperature environment comprises three stages: t 1: keeping the temperature at the constant temperature of 750 ℃, keeping the temperature for 9-11 minutes, and raising the pressure of the casting to 2-3 times of atmospheric pressure in the heat preservation process; t 2: keeping the temperature at the constant temperature of 700 ℃, wherein the heat preservation time is 14-16 minutes, and the pressure reaches 4 times of atmospheric pressure before 10 minutes in the stage; t 3: keeping the temperature at the constant temperature of 750 ℃, wherein the heat preservation time is 10-15 minutes, and the atmospheric pressure is 5-7 times before the end of the stage; keeping the temperature and the pressure not changing continuously for 10 minutes after 5-7 times of atmospheric pressure is achieved in the step t 3; the processing table (1) is provided with a positioning block (17) matched with the material carrying plate (4), the processing table (1) is provided with a first connecting block (13), the first connecting block (13) is rotatably connected with a movable plate (14), the movable plate (14) is provided with a second movable cavity, a clamping jaw (15) is arranged in the second movable cavity, the clamping jaw (15) can move along the inner wall of the second movable cavity, the clamping jaw (15) is provided with a through cavity, a first driving wheel (151) is arranged in the through cavity, the processing table (1) is provided with a third groove, a fourth driving motor (18) is arranged in the third groove, the third groove is arranged on one side of the second groove (11), and an output shaft of the fourth driving motor (18) is provided with a second driving wheel (181) matched with the first driving wheel (151); the first conveyor belt (5) conveys the material carrying plate (4) provided with the end cover (9) to the processing table (1), the material carrying plate (4) is placed on one side of the positioning block (17), the material carrying plate (4) is placed at a designated position on the processing table (1), the movable plate (14) rotates to the material carrying plate (4), the clamping jaw (15) moves along the inner wall of the second movable cavity, the clamping jaw (15) is in contact with the side wall of the end cover (9), the end cover (9) is clamped by the clamping jaw (15), the movable plate (14) drives the end cover (9) to turn over towards the middle of the processing table (1), the movable plate (14) conveys the end cover (9) to the second groove (11), when the end cover (9) is positioned on the second groove (11), the fourth driving motor (18) drives the second driving wheel (181) to rotate, the second driving wheel (181) drives the first driving wheel (151) to rotate, the side wall of the first driving wheel (151) is in contact with the side wall of the end cover (, thereby drive end cover (9) and rotate, when end cover (9) rotated to and second recess (11) corresponding position, end cover (9) dropped to in second recess (11), played the positioning action to end cover (9), made end cover (9) arrange in second recess (11) accomplish the course of working of screw hole on end cover (9).

2. A valve machining method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a third movable cavity is arranged on the movable block (3), a first push block (32) is arranged in the third movable cavity, the first push block (32) is provided with a mounting groove, the first drive motor (321) is arranged above the mounting groove, the output shaft of the first driving motor (321) is arranged in the mounting groove in a penetrating way, the output shaft of the first driving motor (321) is provided with a sleeve (322), the drilling knife (31) is arranged in the sleeve (322), a fourth groove is arranged on the side wall of the sleeve (322), a limiting rod (311) matched with the fourth groove is arranged on the side wall of the drilling knife (31), the side wall of the mounting groove is provided with a fifth groove matched with the limiting rod (311), the bottom of the mounting groove is provided with a fourth movable cavity matched with the limiting rod (311), an installation cavity is arranged on the inner wall of the installation groove, and a limiting component matched with the drilling cutter (31) is arranged in the installation cavity; when installing drilling sword (31), make gag lever post (311) align with the fifth recess, insert gag lever post (311) in the fifth recess, make gag lever post (311) enter into the mounting groove bottom along the fifth recess, thereby make drilling sword (31) top enter into in sleeve (322), gag lever post (311) are embedded into in the fourth recess, make sleeve (322) and drilling sword (31) form the spline fit, drilling sword (31) are when inserting the mounting groove, spacing subassembly and drilling sword (31) form the cooperation, fix drilling sword (31) in the mounting groove, accomplish the installation of drilling sword (31), so that accomplish the operation of punching of end cover (9) through drilling sword (31).