CN110317027B - Low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110317027B CN110317027B CN201910585908.6A CN201910585908A CN110317027B CN 110317027 B CN110317027 B CN 110317027B CN 201910585908 A CN201910585908 A CN 201910585908A CN 110317027 B CN110317027 B CN 110317027B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
- C04B28/065—Calcium aluminosulfate cements, e.g. cements hydrating into ettringite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00181—Mixtures specially adapted for three-dimensional printing (3DP), stereo-lithography or prototyping
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of building materials. The low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 to 90 parts of silicate cement, 1 to 20 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 1 to 20 parts of mineral superfine powder, 90 to 140 parts of machine-made sand, 0.1 to 0.8 part of fiber, 1 to 20 parts of expanding agent, 0.1 to 1 part of water reducing agent, 0.1 to 2 parts of accelerating agent, 0.1 to 1 part of early strength agent, 0.1 to 1 part of defoaming agent and 20 to 30 parts of water. The 3D printing mortar reduces the shrinkage deformation caused by the fact that the material cannot be vibrated and tamped due to the particularity of the 3D printing construction technology, and has the advantages of controllable setting time, good extrudability and good mechanical property. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar, and the preparation method enables the mortar to be mixed more uniformly and has more stable performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar and a preparation method thereof.
Background
According to the definition published by the printing technical committee of the american society for testing and materials, 3D printing is a technology that is very different from the traditional manufacturing technologies such as subtractive manufacturing and iso-manufacturing, and generates a 3D entity by extruding a material through a printer nozzle based on three-dimensional data of a model and printing an additive material layer by layer, and is also called additive manufacturing. At present, the contour process, the D-Shape and the printing mortar have good prospects in the public field, particularly in the building field as three additive manufacturing processes, and the building is printed in such a way, so that an endless design space is brought to designers. Compared with the traditional construction technology, the 3D printing building technology can greatly accelerate the construction speed due to no need of a template, and has the properties of low carbon, green and environmental protection, so that the 3D printing building technology can be determined to become the development trend of the future world and bring more unexpected surprises to people.
The 3D printing puts new requirements on the raw materials, the mix proportion design concept and the production supply mode of the mortar. The key problem lies in that the prepared mortar can be smoothly extruded to form a strip, and whether the formed material has enough strength to support the material of the upper layer or not is ensured, and enough cohesive force is ensured among the layers of the material, so that the printed member has good integrity, which is closely related to various performances of the mortar, and main factors influencing the performances of the mortar comprise cement, aggregate, water, an additive and the like, so that how to carefully design the layers is performed, and the prepared mortar material can meet the requirements of 3D printing building construction technology and becomes one of the problems to be solved.
As the mortar required by 3D printing is different from the traditional mortar material, various performances of the mortar are greatly changed, the hardening and shrinking performances of the material are fundamentally changed, and the existing theories of mortar such as strength, durability and the like can not meet the requirements at present. In order to obtain a mortar material which has high strength and good durability and meets the 3D printing requirements, a new theory, a new mix proportion design concept, a new calculation model and new process parameters are required to be used as supports.
Because 3D prints building technology and does not adopt the mould, but extrudes the mortar through beating printer head and superpose layer upon layer and form, its particularity leads to not vibrating the tamp to the mortar at the printing in-process for the closely knit nature of structure is poor, thereby causes the shrinkage deformation in structure later stage very big, and simultaneously, material itself also can arouse certain shrink, will cause the fracture when the shrink is too big, influences the quality of printing the component.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims at: the low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar is provided, so that shrinkage deformation caused by the fact that materials cannot be vibrated and tamped due to the particularity of a 3D printing building technology is reduced, the potential risk of mortar cracking is reduced, and the quality of a printing component is improved.
The first purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 to 90 portions of Portland cement, 1 to 20 portions of sulphoaluminate cement, 1 to 20 portions of mineral ultrafine powder, 90 to 140 portions of machine-made sand, 0.1 to 0.8 portion of fiber, 1 to 20 portions of expanding agent, 0.1 to 1 portion of water reducing agent, 0.1 to 2 portions of accelerating agent, 0.1 to 1 portion of early strength agent, 0.1 to 1 portion of defoaming agent and 20 to 30 portions of water; the fineness modulus of the machine-made sand is 1.6-2.0.
The silicate cement is a hydraulic cementing material prepared by grinding silicate cement clinker mainly comprising calcium silicate, less than 5 percent of limestone or granulated blast furnace slag and a proper amount of gypsum. The hydration of the silicate cement is low, and the volume shrinkage is reduced in the process of losing moisture and condensing, so that the early cracking of mortar during condensing can be effectively prevented.
The sulphoaluminate cement is prepared from bauxite, limestone and gypsum according to a certain proportion. The sulphoaluminate cement is quick-hardening cement, can realize quick setting, has early strength, and is used as a base material of printing mortar.
The machine-made sand is sand processed by a sand making machine and other accessory equipment, and a finished product is more regular and forms aggregate of the mortar. The machine-made sand is used as the aggregate of the mortar, and the machine-made sand with larger fineness modulus is doped, so that the mortar is isolated, bled and poor in wrapping property, and the problems of pitted surface, sand grains or cavities and the like of a building model are caused; the mixing of the machine-made sand with a smaller fineness modulus can cause poor fluidity of the mortar, seriously affect the pumpability of the 3D printing slurry and affect the normal printing. The fineness modulus of the machine-made sand is limited, so that the problems of mortar segregation and the like can be avoided, the pumpability of the mortar is increased, and the using effect of the printing mortar is improved.
The mineral ultrafine powder comprises slag ultrafine powder, fly ash ultrafine powder, low-temperature rice hull ash and silica fume, and the mineral ultrafine powder has the filling effect, reduces the porosity and refines the pore diameter; secondly, the induced activity of the mineral admixture is improved, and the hydration heat can be reduced. The reduction in porosity is a direct cause of the increased strength and durability, and the increased activity of mineral admixtures can further improve the concrete microstructure.
The fibers can be classified into low elastic modulus fibers (such as polypropylene fibers, nylon fibers and polyethylene fibers) and high elastic modulus fibers (such as carbon fibers, basalt fibers and steel fibers) according to the high or low elastic modulus. The fiber material can effectively improve the working performance and durability of cement mortar, so the fiber material is widely applied to engineering. Research shows that the low elastic modulus fiber can effectively improve the crack resistance, impact resistance and toughness of the cement-based material, while the high elastic modulus fiber can improve the crack resistance, impact resistance and toughness of the cement-based material and effectively improve the strength of the cement-based material. Meanwhile, after the fibers are doped into the mortar, part of water which does not participate in hydration reaction can be absorbed, so that pores generated by evaporation of free water are reduced, the shrinkage rate of the mortar is reduced, and the early plastic cracking of the mortar is improved to a certain extent.
In addition, the water reducing agent in the invention comprises one or more of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a naphthalene water reducing agent, a melamine water reducing agent or a lignosulfonate water reducing agent. The water reducing agent can reduce the water consumption, reduce the pores generated by the evaporation of free water, reduce the shrinkage of printing mortar and reduce the possibility of cracks of printing components.
By adopting the scheme, the Portland cement, the sulphoaluminate cement, the mineral ultrafine powder, the machine-made sand and the water reducing agent are used as the base materials of the 3D printing mortar, and the 3D printing mortar has better pumpability, compactness and later strength development due to the matched use of the base materials; the expansion agent and the fiber are matched, so that the tensile strength and the cohesiveness of the mortar are further enhanced, the early shrinkage and the long-term shrinkage of the mortar are greatly reduced, and the appearance and the expansion of an original crack are effectively reduced; and then the accelerating agent, the early strength agent and the defoaming agent are added, so that the 3D printing mortar has the advantages of low shrinkage, controllable setting time, high strength, good pumpability and the like.
The invention is further configured to: the low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75 to 85 portions of Portland cement, 5 to 15 portions of sulphoaluminate cement, 5 to 15 portions of mineral ultra-fine powder, 100 to 120 portions of machine-made sand, 0.3 to 0.6 portion of fiber, 5 to 15 portions of expanding agent, 0.3 to 0.8 portion of water reducing agent, 0.8 to 1.5 portions of accelerating agent, 0.4 to 0.8 portion of early strength agent, 0.4 to 0.8 portion of defoaming agent and 22 to 28 portions of water.
By adopting the scheme, the content ratio of each component in the 3D printing mortar is further limited, the shrinkage of the 3D printing mortar is effectively reduced, the setting time is shortened, the compressive strength is improved, and the pumpability is improved.
The invention is further configured to: the length of the fiber is 3-9 mm.
By adopting the scheme, because the fibers are distributed in the mortar in a three-dimensional network shape, the distance between the fibers is not changed, the fibers can be dispersed more uniformly by optimizing the length of the fibers, the interfacial adhesion between the fibers and a mortar matrix is improved, the shrinkage of the mortar is further reduced, and the possibility of cracks after the mortar is hardened is reduced.
The invention is further configured to: the fiber comprises one or more of polypropylene fiber, basalt fiber, polyethylene fiber or polyacrylonitrile fiber.
By adopting the scheme, the type of the fibers is optimized, the dispersion effect of the fibers can be further enhanced, the cohesiveness, uniformity and compactness of the mortar are improved, the shrinkage is reduced, and the crack resistance of the mortar is remarkably improved.
The invention is further configured to: the expanding agent comprises one or more of calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agents, magnesium oxide expanding agents or calcium oxide expanding agents.
By adopting the scheme, the expanding agent generates volume expansion in the process of mortar hardening, and can generate self-stress in the structure under the limitation of adjacent positions, which is equivalent to improving the tensile strength of the mortar, or counteracting the tensile stress of the mortar caused by various shrinkage deformations, so that the tensile stress value in the mortar is reduced and even converted into compressive stress, and the stress state of the mortar is improved. The expansion of the expanding agent not only delays the generation process of shrinkage, but also obtains a large increase in the tensile strength of the mortar during the process, and when the shrinkage of the mortar begins, the tensile strength of the mortar is increased to a strength sufficient to resist the shrinkage deformation of the mortar, thereby reducing or preventing the occurrence of cracks in the mortar.
The invention is further configured to: the accelerator is a liquid accelerator and comprises one or more of a water glass type accelerator, an aluminate type accelerator, an aluminum sulfate type accelerator and an aluminum hydroxide type accelerator.
By adopting the scheme, the setting time of the mortar can be controlled by adding the accelerating agent, so that the printed member is quickly hardened to support the material of the upper layer, and the sufficient adhesive force between the layers can be ensured.
The invention is further configured to: the early strength agent comprises one or more of formate, chloride, sulfate or nitrate.
By adopting the scheme, the early strength agent can obviously improve the early strength of the printing mortar, and is convenient for printing the component with higher layer number.
The invention is further configured to: one or more of the defoaming agent dimethyl silicone oil, benzyl silicone oil and polyether modified silicone oil.
By adopting the above scheme, can effectively reduce the production of harmful bubble, optimize mortar pore structure, make the component of printing compacter, the surface is more smooth, has improved the quality of printing the component.
The second purpose of the invention is that: the preparation method of the low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement, mineral ultrafine powder, an expanding agent and fibers according to the formula ratio, and mixing for 2-5 min to obtain a mixture M1;
s2, weighing a water reducing agent, a defoaming agent and water according to the proportion, adding the water reducing agent, the defoaming agent and the water into the mixture M1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture M2;
s3, weighing machine-made sand according to the proportion, adding the machine-made sand into the mixture M2, uniformly mixing, adding the accelerating agent and the early strength agent according to the formula amount, and mixing for 1-2 min to obtain the low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar.
The preparation method of the 3D printing mortar is carried out step by step according to the characteristics of various raw materials, so that the prepared mortar is more uniformly mixed, the performance is more stable, and the preparation process is simple, convenient and practical.
According to a designed building model, the 3D printing mortar is pumped to a printing head of a 3D printer through a mortar pump to be extruded and printed, and the designed shape and modeling are obtained in a layer-by-layer overlapping mode.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the 3D printing mortar, the Portland cement, the sulphoaluminate cement, the mineral ultrafine powder, the machine-made sand and the water reducing agent are used as base materials of the 3D printing mortar, and the base materials are matched for use, so that the 3D printing mortar has good pumpability, compactness and later strength development; the expansion agent and the fiber are matched, so that the tensile property and the cohesiveness of the mortar are further enhanced, the early shrinkage and the long-term shrinkage of the mortar are greatly reduced, and the appearance and the expansion of an original crack are effectively reduced; then, by adding an accelerating agent, an early strength agent and a defoaming agent, the 3D printing mortar has the advantages of low shrinkage, controllable setting time, high strength, good pumpability and the like;
2. the 3D printing mortar printing and forming component has controllable setting time, small shrinkage and high compressive strength;
3. the preparation method of the 3D printing mortar is carried out step by step according to the characteristics of various raw materials, so that the prepared mortar is more uniformly mixed, has more stable performance, and is simple in process, convenient and practical.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Example 1
The low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of Portland cement, 20 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 1 part of silica fume, 140 parts of machine-made sand, 0.1 part of basalt fiber, 20 parts of CSA expanding agent, 0.1 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 2 parts of aluminum sulfate type alkali-free liquid accelerating agent, 0.1 part of calcium formate early strength agent, 1 part of dimethyl silicone oil and 30 parts of water; the length of basalt fiber is 3mm, and the fineness modulus of machine-made sand is 1.6;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement, silica fume, CSA (cement engineered cementitious composites) expansion agent and basalt fiber according to the formula ratio, and mixing for 2min to obtain a mixture M1;
s2, weighing a polycarboxylic acid water reducer, dimethyl silicone oil and water according to the proportion, adding the polycarboxylic acid water reducer, the dimethyl silicone oil and the water into the mixture M1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture M2;
s3, weighing machine-made sand according to the proportion, adding the machine-made sand into the mixture M2, uniformly mixing, adding the aluminum sulfate type alkali-free liquid accelerator and the calcium formate early strength agent according to the formula amount, and mixing for 2min to obtain the low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar.
Example 2
The low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of silicate cement, 1 part of sulphoaluminate cement, 20 parts of silica fume, 90 parts of machine-made sand, 0.8 part of basalt fiber, 1 part of CSA expanding agent, 1 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.1 part of aluminum sulfate type alkali-free liquid accelerating agent, 1 part of calcium formate early strength agent, 0.1 part of dimethyl silicone oil and 20 parts of water; the length of basalt fiber is 9mm, and the fineness modulus of machine-made sand is 2.0;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement, silica fume, CSA (cement engineered cementitious composites) expansion agent and basalt according to the formula ratio, and mixing for 5min to obtain a mixture M1;
s2, weighing a polycarboxylic acid water reducer, dimethyl silicone oil and water according to the proportion, adding the polycarboxylic acid water reducer, the dimethyl silicone oil and the water into the mixture M1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture M2;
s3, weighing machine-made sand according to the proportion, adding the machine-made sand into the mixture M2, uniformly mixing, adding the aluminum sulfate type alkali-free liquid accelerator and the calcium formate early strength agent according to the formula amount, and mixing for 1min to obtain the low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar.
Example 3
The low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of Portland cement, 10 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 5 parts of silica fume, 100 parts of machine-made sand, 0.2 part of basalt fiber, 5 parts of CSA expanding agent, 0.5 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 1 part of aluminum sulfate type alkali-free liquid accelerator, 0.8 part of calcium formate early strength agent, 0.4 part of dimethyl silicone oil and 28 parts of water; the length of the basalt fiber is 3mm, and the fineness modulus of the machine-made sand is 1.8;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement, silica fume, CSA (cement engineered cementitious composites) expansion agent and basalt fiber according to the formula ratio, and mixing for 2min to obtain a mixture M1;
s2, weighing a polycarboxylic acid water reducer, dimethyl silicone oil and water according to the proportion, adding the polycarboxylic acid water reducer, the dimethyl silicone oil and the water into the mixture M1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture M2;
s3, weighing machine-made sand according to the proportion, adding the machine-made sand into the mixture M2, uniformly mixing, adding the aluminum sulfate type alkali-free liquid accelerator and the calcium formate early strength agent according to the formula amount, and mixing for 2min to obtain the low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar.
Example 4
The low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of portland cement, 15 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 5 parts of silica fume, 120 parts of machine-made sand, 0.3 part of basalt fiber, 15 parts of CSA (cement admixture expansion agent), 0.3 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 1.5 parts of aluminum sulfate type alkali-free liquid accelerator, 0.4 part of calcium formate early strength agent, 0.8 part of dimethyl silicone oil and 28 parts of water; the length of the basalt fiber is 6mm, and the fineness modulus of the machine-made sand is 1.9;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement, silica fume, CSA (cement admixture) expansion agent and basalt fiber according to the formula ratio, and mixing for 5min to obtain a mixture M1;
s2, weighing a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, dimethyl silicone oil and water according to the proportion, adding the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, the dimethyl silicone oil and the water into the mixture M1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture M2;
s3, weighing machine-made sand according to the proportion, adding the machine-made sand into the mixture M2, uniformly mixing, adding the aluminum sulfate type alkali-free liquid accelerator and the calcium formate early strength agent according to the formula amount, and mixing for 1min to obtain the low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar.
Example 5
The low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 85 parts of silicate cement, 5 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 15 parts of silica fume, 100 parts of machine-made sand, 0.6 part of basalt fiber, 5 parts of CSA expanding agent, 0.8 part of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.8 part of aluminum sulfate type alkali-free liquid accelerator, 0.8 part of calcium formate early strength agent, 0.4 part of dimethyl silicone oil and 22 parts of water; the length of basalt fiber is 3mm, and the fineness modulus of machine-made sand is 1.8;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement, silica fume, CSA (cement engineered cementitious composites) expansion agent and basalt fiber according to the formula ratio, and mixing for 4min to obtain a mixture M1;
s2, weighing a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, dimethyl silicone oil and water according to the proportion, adding the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, the dimethyl silicone oil and the water into the mixture M1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture M2;
s3, weighing machine-made sand according to the proportion, adding the machine-made sand into the mixture M2, uniformly mixing, adding the aluminum sulfate type alkali-free liquid accelerator and the calcium formate early strength agent according to the formula amount, and mixing for 2min to obtain the low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar.
Example 6
A low shrinkage 3D printing mortar, differing from example 3 in that the length of the basalt fibers is 6mm.
Example 7
A low shrinkage 3D printing mortar, which differs from example 3 in that the length of basalt fiber is 9mm.
Example 8
A low shrinkage 3D printing mortar differs from example 3 in that the fineness modulus of the machined sand is 2.0.
Example 9
A low shrinkage 3D printing mortar differs from example 3 in that the fineness modulus of the machine-made sand is 1.6.
Example 10
A low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar, which differs from example 3 in that 3 parts by weight of silica fume.
Example 11
A low shrinkage 3D printing mortar, differing from example 3 in that 120 parts by weight of machine sand.
Example 12
A low shrinkage 3D printing mortar, differing from example 3 in that 0.4 parts by weight of basalt fibers.
Comparative example 1
A low shrinkage 3D printing mortar, which differs from example 3 in that no expansion agent is added.
Comparative example 2
A low shrinkage 3D printing mortar, which differs from example 3 in that basalt fiber is not added.
Comparative example 3
The low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of portland cement, 30 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 30 parts of silica fume, 180 parts of machine-made sand, 1.3 parts of basalt fiber, 0.5 part of CSA (cement controlled area) expanding agent, 4 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 4 parts of aluminum sulfate type alkali-free liquid accelerating agent, 2 parts of calcium formate early strength agent, 2 parts of dimethyl silicone oil and 35 parts of water; the length of the polypropylene fiber is 3mm, and the fineness modulus of the machine-made sand is 1.6; the preparation method is the same as in example 3.
Experimental example 1
The performance of the 3D printing mortars provided in examples 1 to 12 and comparative examples 1 to 3 was tested: the test is carried out according to the test method for the basic performance of the building mortar (JGJ 70-90), the shrinkage performance of the mortar is detected, and the test result is shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 shrink Properties
From the results of table 1, it can be seen that the raw materials of examples 1, 2, 4 and 5 are the same in kind as those of example 3, and the main difference is that the components are different in content, and the shrinkage performance of the test of example 3 is better than that of examples 1, 2, 4 and 5. Examples 6 and 7 are different in length of basalt fiber compared to example 3, and the shrinkage performance tested in example 3 is superior to examples 6 and 7. Examples 8 and 9 have different fineness modulus of machine-made sand compared with example 3, and the shrinkage performance tested in example 3 is better than that in examples 8 and 9. Examples 10, 11, 12 differ from example 3 in the amount of each component, and example 3 tests better in shrinkage than examples 10-12.
Comparative examples 1, 2 each lack one component compared to example 3, and comparative examples 1, 2 tested significantly less good shrink performance than example 3. Compared with the example 3, the content ratio of each raw material component is not within the protection range of the invention, and the shrinkage performance tested by the comparative example 3 is obviously not as good as that tested by the example 3.
Therefore, the shrinkage performance of the mortar can be influenced by the content ratio of various components, the types of the components, the length of the doped fibers and the fineness modulus of the machine-made sand in the 3D printing mortar.
Experimental example 2
The performance of the 3D printing mortars provided in examples 1 to 12 and comparative examples 1 to 3 was tested: the fluidity is detected by referring to a GBT-2419-2005 cement mortar fluidity detection method, the setting time and the compressive strength are detected by referring to the contents of chapter six and chapter seven of a test method for basic performance of building mortar (JGJ 70-90), and the detection results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 fluidity, setting time, compressive Strength
From the results of table 2, it can be seen that the raw materials of examples 1, 2, 4 and 5 are the same in kind as those of example 3, and the main difference is that the pumpability, setting time and compressive strength properties of the test of example 3 are better than those of examples 1, 2, 4 and 5, because the contents of the components are different. Examples 6 and 7 compared with example 3, the basalt fiber length was different, and example 3 was superior to examples 6 and 7 in pumpability, setting time and compressive strength. Examples 8 and 9 compared with example 3, the fineness modulus of the machine-made sand is different, and the pumpability, setting time and compressive strength of the test of example 3 are better than those of examples 8 and 9. Examples 10, 11, 12 compared to example 3, each with a different amount of one component, example 3 tested superior pumpability, setting time and compressive strength properties to examples 10-12.
Comparative examples 1, 2 each lack one component as compared to example 3, and comparative examples 1, 2 tested pumpability, setting time and compressive strength properties significantly less good than example 3. Compared with the example 3, the content ratio of each raw material component is out of the protection range of the invention, and the pumpability, setting time and compression strength performance tested by the comparative example 3 are obviously not as good as those of the example 3.
Therefore, the content ratio of various components, the types of the components, the length of the doped fibers and the fineness modulus of the machine-made sand in the 3D printing mortar influence the pumpability, the setting time and the compressive strength of the mortar.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiments without inventive contribution as required after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent laws within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a low shrink 3D prints mortar which characterized in that: the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 to 90 parts of silicate cement, 1 to 20 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 1 to 20 parts of mineral superfine powder, 90 to 140 parts of machine-made sand, 0.1 to 0.8 part of fiber, 1 to 20 parts of expanding agent, 0.1 to 1 part of water reducing agent, 0.1 to 2 parts of accelerating agent, 0.1 to 1 part of early strength agent, 0.1 to 1 part of defoaming agent and 20 to 30 parts of water;
the fineness modulus of the machine-made sand is 1.8;
the fiber is basalt fiber, and the length of the basalt fiber is 3mm.
2. The low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar according to claim 1, wherein: the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75 to 85 parts of silicate cement, 5 to 15 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 5 to 15 parts of mineral superfine powder, 100 to 120 parts of machine-made sand, 0.3 to 0.6 part of fiber, 5 to 15 parts of expanding agent, 0.3 to 0.8 part of water reducing agent, 0.8 to 1.5 parts of accelerating agent, 0.4 to 0.8 part of early strength agent, 0.4 to 0.8 part of defoaming agent and 22 to 28 parts of water.
3. The low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar according to claim 1, wherein: the mineral ultrafine powder comprises one or more of slag ultrafine powder, fly ash ultrafine powder, low-temperature rice hull ash and silica fume.
4. The low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar according to claim 1, wherein: the expanding agent comprises one or more of calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agents, magnesium oxide expanding agents or calcium oxide expanding agents.
5. The low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar of claim 1, wherein: the accelerator is a liquid accelerator and comprises one or more of a water glass type accelerator, an aluminate type accelerator, an aluminum sulfate type accelerator and an aluminum hydroxide type accelerator.
6. The low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar of claim 1, wherein: the early strength agent comprises one or more of formate, chloride, sulfate or nitrate.
7. The low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar according to claim 1, wherein: the defoaming agent is one or more of dimethyl silicone oil, benzyl silicone oil or organic silicon modified polyether.
8. Preparation method of a low shrinkage 3D printing mortar according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement, mineral ultrafine powder, an expanding agent and basalt fiber according to a formula, and mixing for 2-5 min to obtain a mixture M1;
s2, weighing a water reducing agent, a defoaming agent and water according to the proportion, adding the mixture into the mixture M1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture M2;
s3, weighing machine-made sand according to the proportion, adding the machine-made sand into the mixture M2, uniformly mixing, adding the accelerator and the early strength agent according to the formula amount, mixing and stirring for 1-2min, and obtaining the low-shrinkage 3D printing mortar.
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