CN110317027A - A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110317027A CN110317027A CN201910585908.6A CN201910585908A CN110317027A CN 110317027 A CN110317027 A CN 110317027A CN 201910585908 A CN201910585908 A CN 201910585908A CN 110317027 A CN110317027 A CN 110317027A
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- printing
- mortar
- lower shrinkage
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- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940008099 dimethicone Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical class [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004675 formic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001921 poly-methyl-phenyl-siloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003823 mortar mixing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 12
- CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium formate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 229940044172 calcium formate Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 235000019255 calcium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000004281 calcium formate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- WPJGWJITSIEFRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 WPJGWJITSIEFRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001669 calcium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
- C04B28/065—Calcium aluminosulfate cements, e.g. cements hydrating into ettringite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00181—Mixtures specially adapted for three-dimensional printing (3DP), stereo-lithography or prototyping
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortars and preparation method thereof, belong to the technical field of construction material.Above-mentioned lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar includes following components by weight: 70 ~ 90 parts of portland cement, 1 ~ 20 part of sulphate aluminium cement, 1 ~ 20 part of mineral superfine powder, 90 ~ 140 parts of Machine-made Sand, 0.1 ~ 0.8 part of fiber, 1 ~ 20 part of swelling agent, 0.1 ~ 1 part of water-reducing agent, 0.1 ~ 2 part of accelerator, 0.1 ~ 1 part of early strength agent, 0.1 ~ 1 part and 20 ~ 30 parts of water of defoaming agent.The 3D printing mortar is reduced can not carry out the contraction distortion caused by tamping of vibrating due to caused by the particularity of 3D printing Building technology to material, have that setting time is controllable, extrudable performance is good and good mechanical properties.The invention also discloses the preparation method of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, which makes mortar mixing more evenly, and performance is more stable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of construction material, in particular to a kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar and its preparation side
Method.
Background technique
According to the definition that the printing technique committee, American Society Testing and Materials announces, 3D printing is that one kind is manufactured with material is subtracted
Traditional manufacturing technology is far different with equal materials manufacture etc., based on the three-dimensional data of model, is squeezed by printer nozzle
Material out, successively printing increase material to generate the technology of 3D entity, therefore also known as addition manufacture.Currently, profile technique, D-
Shape, printing mortar as three increase manufacture process public sphere especially building field have good prospect, and
Carry out " printing " building in this way, endless design space is brought to designers.With traditional construction technology phase
Than 3D printing Building technology can greatly speed up speed of application due to not needing formwork supporting plate, and have low-carbon, green, environmental protection
Property, therefore can affirm that it will become the development trend of future world, be brought to us more unexpected pleasantly surprised.
3D printing proposes completely new requirement to the raw material of mortar, mix-design theory and production and supply mode.Its
Critical problem is that can the mortar that made smoothly be squeezed out and form bar, and first can molding material have
Sufficient intensity goes to support one layer of material, and also to guarantee material has enough cohesions between layers, so that beating
The component printed off has good integrity, these all have close relationship with the properties of mortar, and it is above-mentioned to influence mortar
The principal element of performance has cement, aggregate, water and additive etc., therefore how they is carried out with meticulous design, so that preparing
The requirement that mortar material out can satisfy 3D printing building construction technology becomes one of problem to be solved.
The mortar as needed for 3D printing has been different from traditional mortar material, and huge change has occurred in properties
Change, the hardening of material and shrinkage also have occurred and sexually revise at all, and current existing mortar strength, durability scheduling theory are mostly
It does not adapt to require.And in order to obtain intensity height, durability is good, meets the mortar material of 3D printing requirement, then needs new
Theoretical, new mix-design theory, new computation model and new technological parameter is as support.
Since 3D printing Building technology does not use mold, but mortar is squeezed out by print head and is layering,
Particularity causes not carry out compacting of vibrating to mortar in print procedure, so that structure density is poor, thus after causing structure
The contraction distortion of phase is very big, meanwhile, material itself can also cause centainly to shrink, and will cause cracking, shadow when shrinking excessive
Ring the quality of print component.
Summary of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention one is: providing a kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, subtracted with reaching
The contraction distortion caused by tamping of vibrating can not be carried out caused by the small particularity due to 3D printing Building technology to material, is dropped
The potential risk of low mortar cracking, improves the quality of print component.
The first purpose of this invention has the technical scheme that a kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar,
By weight, including following components: 70~90 parts of portland cement, 1~20 part of sulphate aluminium cement, mineral superfine powder 1~
20 parts, 90~140 parts of Machine-made Sand, 0.1~0.8 part of fiber, 1~20 part of swelling agent, 0.1~1 part of water-reducing agent, accelerator 0.1~2
Part, 0.1~1 part of early strength agent, 0.1~1 part of defoaming agent and 20~30 parts of water；The fineness modulus of the Machine-made Sand is 1.6~2.0.
Portland cement is the Portland clinker based on calcium silicates, 5% lime stone or granulated blast-furnace mine below
Slag, hydraulic cementing materials made of proper amount of gypsum is levigate.The hydro-thermalization of portland cement is low, in the process of condensation that dries out
In, reduction in bulk is small, the cracking of early stage when can be effectively prevented mortar condensation.
Sulphate aluminium cement is formulated by a certain percentage by bauxite, lime stone and gypsum.Sulphate aluminium cement sheet
Body is exactly that quick-hardening cement can be realized rapid condensation, and have early strength, is as printing mortar matrix material.
Machine-made Sand is the sand being process by sand making machine and other auxiliary devices, and finished product is more regular, constitutes mortar
Aggregate.Aggregate of the Machine-made Sand as mortar, fineness modulus Machine-made Sand incorporation bigger than normal, will lead to mortar segregation, bleeding, package
Property it is poor, cause buildings model pitted skin occur, the problems such as sand streak or cavity；Fineness modulus Machine-made Sand incorporation less than normal, can make mortar
Poor fluidity, seriously affect the pumpability of 3D printing slurry, influence printing be normally carried out.Limit the fineness modulus of Machine-made Sand
The problems such as mortar segregation can be avoided the occurrence of, increases the pumpability of mortar, improves the using effect of printing mortar.
Mineral superfine powder includes Slag super-fine powder, flyash superfine powder, low-temperature rice husk ash and silicon ash, and mineral superfine powder is mixed
People reduces porosity, and refine aperture first is that playing filling effect；Second is that the induced activity of mineral admixture is improved,
And the heat of hydration can be reduced.The reduction of porosity is the immediate cause for improving intensity and durability, and mineral admixture is active to be mentioned
It is high then can further improve microstructure of concrete.
Fiber can be divided into low-elasticity-modulus fiber (such as polypropylene fibre, nylon fiber, polyethylene according to the height of elasticity modulus
Fiber) and high-elastic modulus fibre (such as carbon fiber, basalt fibre, steel fibre).Since fibrous material can effectively improve cement
The working performance and durability of mortar, so being also widely applied in engineering.Studies have shown that current low-elasticity-modulus fiber energy
The crack resistance, impact resistance and toughness of cement-based material are effectively improved, and high-elastic modulus fibre can not only improve cement-based material
Crack resistance, impact resistance and toughness, moreover it is possible to effectively improve the intensity of cement-based material.Meanwhile after fiber incorporation mortar also
The water that part is not involved in hydration reaction can be absorbed, reduce the hole generated due to free water evaporation, make the shrinking percentage of mortar
It reduces, improves the early-age plastic cracking of mortar to a certain extent.
In addition, the water-reducing agent in the present invention includes poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, naphthalene water reducer, melamine water reducing agent or wooden
One or more of plain sulfonate water reducer.Water-reducing agent can reduce water consumption, can reduce due to free water evaporation and generate
Hole, reduce printing mortar contraction, reduce print component there is a possibility that crack.
By using above scheme, with portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement, mineral superfine powder, Machine-made Sand and water-reducing agent
As the substrate of 3D printing mortar, substrate with the use of can make 3D printing mortar have preferable pumpability, density and
Later strength development；Cooperate swelling agent and fiber again, further enhance the tensile strength and cohesiveness of mortar, and is greatly lowered
The early-age shrinkage of mortar and long-term contraction, effectively reduce the appearance and extension of original fracture；It is strong by addition accelerator, morning again
Agent, defoaming agent make 3D printing mortar have many advantages, such as that lower shrinkage, setting time are controllable, intensity is high, pumpability is good.
The present invention is further arranged to: lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar by weight, including following components: portland cement
75~85 parts, 5~15 parts of sulphate aluminium cement, 5~15 parts of mineral superfine powder, 100~120 parts of Machine-made Sand, fiber 0.3~0.6
Part, 5~15 parts of swelling agent, 0.3~0.8 part of water-reducing agent, 0.8~1.5 part of accelerator, 0.4~0.8 part of early strength agent, defoaming agent 0.4
~0.8 part and 22~28 parts of water.
By using above scheme, the content proportion of each component in preferred 3D printing mortar is further limited, it is more efficient
Ground reduces the contraction of 3D printing mortar, shortens setting time, improves compression strength, improves pumpability.
The present invention is further arranged to: the length of the fiber is 3~9mm.
By using above scheme, since fiber is distributed in mortar in three-dimensional network shape, the spacing of fiber be it is constant,
It is preferred that the length of fiber can make fiber dispersion more uniform, the interfacial adhesion between mortar matrix is improved, is further decreased
There is a possibility that crack after reducing mortar hardening in the contraction of mortar.
The present invention is further arranged to: the fiber includes polypropylene fibre, basalt fibre, polyethylene fibre or poly- third
One or more of alkene nitrile fiber.
By using above scheme, the preferably type of fiber, the peptizaiton of fiber can be further enhanced, improves mortar
Cohesiveness, uniformity and compactness, reduce shrink, significantly improve the cracking resistance of mortar.
The present invention is further arranged to: the swelling agent includes calcium sulphoaluminate class swelling agent, magnesia class swelling agent or oxygen
Change one or more of calcium class swelling agent.
By using above scheme, swelling agent generates volume expansion during mortar hardening, can under the limitation at ortho position
Seif-citing rate is generated in structure, this is equivalent to the tensile strength for improving mortar, or perhaps counteracts mortar because various contractions become
Tensile stress caused by shape reduces the tensile stress numerical value in mortar and is even converted into compression, so as to improve the stress of mortar
State.The expansion of swelling agent not only postponed shrink generation process, moreover, in the process mortar tensile strength obtain compared with
Significantly increase, when Mortar shrinkage starts, tensile strength has risen to the intensity for being enough to resist Mortar shrinkage deformation,
To reduce or prevent the appearance in mortar crack.
The present invention is further arranged to: the accelerator is liquid accelerating agent, including water glass type, aluminate type, sulfuric acid
One or more of aluminium profiles and hydroxide aluminium profiles.
By using above scheme, accelerator, which is added, can control the setting time of mortar, keep the component printed quickly hard
Change, to support upper one layer of material, moreover it is possible to guarantee that there is enough cohesions between layers.
The present invention is further arranged to: the early strength agent include one of formates, villaumite, sulfate or nitrate or
It is several.
By using above scheme, early strength agent can significantly improve the early strength of printing mortar, and it is higher to be convenient for the number of plies
Component printing.
The present invention is further arranged to: the one of the defoaming agent dimethicone, polymethylphenyl siloxane fluid and polyether modified silicon oil
Kind is a variety of.
By using above scheme, the generation of deleterious bubbles can be effectively reduced, optimizes mortar pore structure, makes to print
Component it is finer and close, surface is more smooth, improves the quality of print component.
The purpose of the present invention two is: providing a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, the preparation side
Method the following steps are included:
S1 weighs portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement, mineral superfine powder, swelling agent and fiber by formula ratio, and mixing 2~
5min obtains mixture M 1；
S2 weighs water-reducing agent, defoaming agent and water according to proportion, is added in mixture M 1 and is uniformly mixed, obtains mixture M 2；
S3 weighs and is uniformly mixed in Machine-made Sand addition mixture M 2, add the accelerator and early strength agent of formula ratio according to proportion
1~2min is mixed, lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar is obtained.
The preparation method of the 3D printing mortar is carried out according to the characteristics of various raw material substep, can make to be prepared
Mortar mixes more evenly, and performance is more stable, and the preparation process is simple, convenient and practical.
According to the buildings model of design, above-mentioned 3D printing mortar is pumped to the print head of 3D printer by mortar pump
Extrusion printing is carried out, the shape and moulding designed by way of being layering.
In conclusion the invention has the following advantages:
1,3D printing mortar of the present invention using portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement, mineral superfine powder, Machine-made Sand and water-reducing agent as
The substrate of 3D printing mortar, being used cooperatively for substrate can make 3D printing mortar have preferable pumpability, density and later period
Strength development；Cooperate swelling agent and fiber again, further enhance the pull resistance and cohesiveness of mortar, and mortar is greatly lowered
Early-age shrinkage and long-term contraction, effectively reduce the appearance and extension of original fracture；Again by the way that accelerator, early strength agent, defoaming is added
Agent makes 3D printing mortar have many advantages, such as that lower shrinkage, setting time are controllable, intensity is high, pumpability is good；
2, using the component of 3D printing mortar printing shaping of the present invention, setting time is controllable, shrinks small, compression strength height；
3, the preparation method of 3D printing mortar of the present invention carries out according to the characteristic of various raw material substep, makes the sand being prepared
More evenly, performance is more stable, and simple process, convenient and practical for slurry mixing.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, by weight, including following components: 70 parts of portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement
20 parts, 1 part of silicon ash, 140 parts of Machine-made Sand, 0.1 part of basalt fibre, 20 parts of CSA swelling agent, 0.1 part of polycarboxylate water-reducer, sulfuric acid
2 parts of aluminium profiles alkali-free liquid accelerating agent, 0.1 part of calcium formate early strength agent, 1 part of dimethicone and 30 parts of water；Basalt fibre length
3mm, the fineness modulus 1.6 of Machine-made Sand；
Preparation method includes the following steps:
S1 weighs portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement, silicon ash, CSA swelling agent and basalt fibre by formula ratio, mixing
2min obtains mixture M 1；
S2 weighs polycarboxylate water-reducer, dimethicone and water according to proportion, is added in mixture M 1 and is uniformly mixed, is mixed
Close object M2；
S3 weighs and is uniformly mixed in Machine-made Sand addition mixture M 2, add the sulfuric acid aluminium profiles non-alkali liquor of formula ratio according to proportion
State accelerator and calcium formate early strength agent mixing 2min, obtain lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar.
Embodiment 2
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, by weight, including following components: 90 parts of portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement 1
Part, 20 parts of silicon ash, 90 parts of Machine-made Sand, 0.8 part of basalt fibre, 1 part of CSA swelling agent, 1 part of polycarboxylate water-reducer, sulfuric acid aluminium profiles
0.1 part of alkali-free liquid accelerating agent, 1 part of calcium formate early strength agent, 0.1 part of dimethicone and 20 parts of water；Basalt fibre length
9mm, the fineness modulus 2.0 of Machine-made Sand；
Preparation method includes the following steps:
S1 weighs portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement, silicon ash, CSA swelling agent and basalt by formula ratio, mixes 5min, obtain
To mixture M 1；
S2 weighs polycarboxylate water-reducer, dimethicone and water according to proportion, is added in mixture M 1 and is uniformly mixed, is mixed
Close object M2；
S3 weighs and is uniformly mixed in Machine-made Sand addition mixture M 2, add the sulfuric acid aluminium profiles non-alkali liquor of formula ratio according to proportion
State accelerator and calcium formate early strength agent mixing 1min, obtain lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar.
Embodiment 3
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, by weight, including following components: 80 parts of portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement
10 parts, 5 parts of silicon ash, 100 parts of Machine-made Sand, 0.2 part of basalt fibre, 5 parts of CSA swelling agent, 0.5 part of polycarboxylate water-reducer, sulfuric acid
1 part of aluminium profiles alkali-free liquid accelerating agent, 0.8 part of calcium formate early strength agent, 0.4 part of dimethicone and 28 parts of water；Basalt ties up length
3mm, the fineness modulus 1.8 of Machine-made Sand；
Preparation method includes the following steps:
S1 weighs portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement, silicon ash, CSA swelling agent and basalt fibre by formula ratio, mixing
2min obtains mixture M 1；
S2 weighs polycarboxylate water-reducer, dimethicone and water according to proportion, is added in mixture M 1 and is uniformly mixed, is mixed
Close object M2；
S3 weighs and is uniformly mixed in Machine-made Sand addition mixture M 2, add the sulfuric acid aluminium profiles non-alkali liquor of formula ratio according to proportion
State accelerator and calcium formate early strength agent mixing 2min, obtain lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar.
Embodiment 4
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, by weight, including following components: 75 parts of portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement
15 parts, 5 parts of silicon ash, 120 parts of Machine-made Sand, 0.3 part of basalt fibre, 15 parts of CSA swelling agent, 0.3 part of polycarboxylate water-reducer, sulfuric acid
1.5 parts of aluminium profiles alkali-free liquid accelerating agent, 0.4 part of calcium formate early strength agent, 0.8 part of dimethicone and 28 parts of water；Basalt fibre
Length 6mm, the fineness modulus 1.9 of Machine-made Sand；
Preparation method includes the following steps:
S1 weighs portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement, silicon ash, CSA swelling agent and basalt fibre by formula ratio, mixing
5min obtains mixture M 1；
S2 weighs polycarboxylate water-reducer, dimethicone and water according to proportion, is added in mixture M 1 and is uniformly mixed, is mixed
Close object M2；
S3 weighs and is uniformly mixed in Machine-made Sand addition mixture M 2, add the sulfuric acid aluminium profiles non-alkali liquor of formula ratio according to proportion
State accelerator and calcium formate early strength agent mixing 1min, obtain lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar.
Embodiment 5
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, by weight, including following components: 85 parts of portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement 5
Part, 15 parts of silicon ash, 100 parts of Machine-made Sand, 0.6 part of basalt fibre, 5 parts of CSA swelling agent, 0.8 part of polycarboxylate water-reducer, aluminum sulfate
0.8 part of type alkali-free liquid accelerating agent, 0.8 part of calcium formate early strength agent, 0.4 part of dimethicone and 22 parts of water；Basalt fibre is long
Spend 3mm, the fineness modulus 1.8 of Machine-made Sand；
Preparation method includes the following steps:
S1 weighs portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement, silicon ash, CSA swelling agent and basalt fibre by formula ratio, mixing
4min obtains mixture M 1；
S2 weighs polycarboxylate water-reducer, dimethicone and water according to proportion, is added in mixture M 1 and is uniformly mixed, is mixed
Close object M2；
S3 weighs and is uniformly mixed in Machine-made Sand addition mixture M 2, add the sulfuric acid aluminium profiles non-alkali liquor of formula ratio according to proportion
State accelerator and calcium formate early strength agent mixing 2min, obtain lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar.
Embodiment 6
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, the difference with embodiment 3 are that the length of basalt fibre is 6mm.
Embodiment 7
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, the difference with embodiment 3 are that the length of basalt fibre is 9mm.
Embodiment 8
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, the difference with embodiment 3 are that the fineness modulus of Machine-made Sand is 2.0.
Embodiment 9
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, the difference with embodiment 3 are that the fineness modulus of Machine-made Sand is 1.6.
Embodiment 10
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, the difference with embodiment 3 be, 3 parts by weight of silicon ash.
Embodiment 11
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, the difference with embodiment 3 be, 120 parts by weight of Machine-made Sand.
Embodiment 12
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, the difference with embodiment 3 be, 0.4 parts by weight of basalt fibre.
Comparative example 1
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, the difference with embodiment 3 is, is added without swelling agent.
Comparative example 2
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, the difference with embodiment 3 is, is added without basalt fibre.
Comparative example 3
A kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, by weight, including following components: 60 parts of portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement
30 parts, 30 parts of silicon ash, 180 parts of Machine-made Sand, 1.3 parts of basalt fibre, 0.5 part of CSA swelling agent, 4 parts of polycarboxylate water-reducer, sulfuric acid
4 parts of aluminium profiles alkali-free liquid accelerating agent, 2 parts of calcium formate early strength agent, 2 parts of dimethicone and 35 parts of water；Polypropylene fibre length
3mm, the fineness modulus 1.6 of Machine-made Sand；Preparation method is same as Example 3.
Experimental example 1
Detect to the performance of the embodiment 1-12 and comparative example 1-3 3D printing mortar provided: test is referring to " building mortar base
The test method of this performance " (JGJ70-90) progress, detects the shrinkage of mortar, test result is shown in Table 1.
Table 1- shrinkage
As shown in Table 1, compared with Example 3, the constituent species of each raw material are identical, the main distinction for embodiment 1,2,4,5
It is that constituent content difference, the shrinkage that embodiment 3 is tested are better than embodiment 1,2,4,5.Embodiment 6,7 and 3 phase of embodiment
Than the length of basalt fibre is different, and the shrinkage that embodiment 3 is tested is better than embodiment 6,7.Embodiment 8,9 and embodiment 3
It compares, the fineness modulus of Machine-made Sand is different, and the shrinkage that embodiment 3 is tested is better than embodiment 8,9.Embodiment 10,11,12 with
Embodiment 3 is compared, and respectively has a kind of content of component different, the shrinkage that embodiment 3 is tested is better than embodiment 10-12.
Comparative example 1,2 compared with Example 3, respectively lacks a kind of component, and the shrinkage that comparative example 1,2 is tested obviously is not so good as
Embodiment 3 it is good.Comparative example 3 compared with Example 3, the content of each raw material component proportion not protection scope of the present invention it
Interior, the shrinkage that comparative example 3 is tested obviously is not so good as the good of embodiment 3.
It can be seen that in 3D printing mortar various components content proportion, the type of component, the length of the fiber of incorporation and
The fineness modulus of Machine-made Sand will affect the shrinkage of mortar.
Experimental example 2
The performance of the embodiment 1-12 and comparative example 1-3 3D printing mortar provided is detected: referring to GBT-2419-2005 water
Mud mortar fluidity detection method detects fluidity, referring to " test method of building mortar basic performance " (JGJ70-90) the 6th
The content detection setting time and compression strength, testing result of chapter and chapter 7 are shown in Table 2.
Table 2- fluidity, setting time, compression strength
As shown in Table 2, compared with Example 3, the constituent species of each raw material are identical, the main distinction for embodiment 1,2,4,5
It is that constituent content difference, the pumpability that embodiment 3 is tested, setting time and compression strength performance are better than embodiment 1,2,4,5.
Compared with Example 3, the length of basalt fibre is different for embodiment 6,7, the pumpability that embodiment 3 is tested, setting time and anti-
Compressive Strength is better than embodiment 6,7.Compared with Example 3, the fineness modulus of Machine-made Sand is different, what embodiment 3 was tested for embodiment 8,9
Pumpability, setting time and compression strength are better than embodiment 8,9.Embodiment 10,11,12 compared with Example 3, respectively there is a kind of group
The content divided is different, the pumpability that embodiment 3 is tested, and setting time and compression strength performance are better than embodiment 10-12.
Comparative example 1,2 compared with Example 3, respectively lacks a kind of component, the pumpability that comparative example 1,2 is tested, setting time
Obviously it is not so good as the good of embodiment 3 with compression strength performance.Compared with Example 3, the content proportion of each raw material component is or not comparative example 3
Within protection scope of the present invention, the pumpability that comparative example 3 is tested, setting time and compression strength performance are obviously not so good as to implement
Example 3 it is good.
It can be seen that in 3D printing mortar various components content proportion, the type of component, the length of the fiber of incorporation and
The fineness modulus of Machine-made Sand will affect the pumpability of mortar, setting time and compression strength.
Above-mentioned specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, is not limitation of the present invention, those skilled in the art
Member can according to need the modification that not creative contribution is made to the present embodiment after reading this specification, but as long as at this
All by the protection of Patent Law in the scope of the claims of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar, it is characterised in that: by weight, including following components: portland cement 70 ~ 90
Part, 1 ~ 20 part of sulphate aluminium cement, 1 ~ 20 part of mineral superfine powder, 90 ~ 140 parts of Machine-made Sand, 0.1 ~ 0.8 part of fiber, swelling agent 1 ~
20 parts, 0.1 ~ 1 part of water-reducing agent, 0.1 ~ 2 part of accelerator, 0.1 ~ 1 part of early strength agent, 0.1 ~ 1 part and 20 ~ 30 parts of water of defoaming agent；It is described
The fineness modulus of Machine-made Sand is 1.6 ~ 2.0.
2. lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: by weight, including following components:
75 ~ 85 parts of portland cement, 5 ~ 15 parts of sulphate aluminium cement, 5 ~ 15 parts of mineral superfine powder, 100 ~ 120 parts of Machine-made Sand, fiber 0.3
~ 0.6 part, 5 ~ 15 parts of swelling agent, 0.3 ~ 0.8 part of water-reducing agent, 0.8 ~ 1.5 part of accelerator, 0.4 ~ 0.8 part of early strength agent, defoaming agent 0.4
~ 0.8 part and 22 ~ 28 parts of water.
3. lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mineral superfine powder includes that slag is super
Fine powder, flyash superfine powder, the one or more of low-temperature rice husk ash and silicon ash.
4. lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the length of the fiber be 3 ~
9mm。
5. lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fiber include polypropylene fibre,
One or more of basalt fibre, polyethylene fibre or polyacrylonitrile fibre.
6. lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the swelling agent includes calcium sulphoaluminate class
One or more of swelling agent, magnesia class swelling agent or calcium oxide expansion agents.
7. lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the accelerator is liquid accelerating agent,
Including one or more of water glass type, aluminate type, sulfuric acid aluminium profiles and hydroxide aluminium profiles.
8. lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the early strength agent includes formates, chlorine
One or more of salt, sulfate or nitrate.
9. lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the defoaming agent be dimethicone,
Polymethylphenyl siloxane fluid or organosilicon modified polyether it is one or more.
10. the preparation method of any lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar of claim 1-9, which is characterized in that the preparation side
Method the following steps are included:
S1 weighs portland cement, sulphate aluminium cement, mineral superfine powder, swelling agent and fiber by formula, mixes 2 ~ 5min,
Obtain mixture M 1；
S2 weighs water-reducing agent, defoaming agent and water according to proportion, is added in mixture M 1 and is uniformly mixed, obtains mixture M 2；
S3 weighs and is uniformly mixed in Machine-made Sand addition mixture M 2, add the accelerator and early strength agent of formula ratio according to proportion
1 ~ 2min is mixed, obtains lower shrinkage 3D printing mortar.
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