CN110316978B - Photovoltaic vacuum glass with integrated structure and function and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic vacuum glass with integrated structure and function and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110316978B CN110316978B CN201810263741.7A CN201810263741A CN110316978B CN 110316978 B CN110316978 B CN 110316978B CN 201810263741 A CN201810263741 A CN 201810263741A CN 110316978 B CN110316978 B CN 110316978B
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 48
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- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 63
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 53
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
- C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/6612—Evacuated glazing units
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
- E06B3/66304—Discrete spacing elements, e.g. for evacuated glazing units
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
- H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
- H02S20/26—Building materials integrated with PV modules, e.g. façade elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/249—Glazing, e.g. vacuum glazing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/22—Glazing, e.g. vaccum glazing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention has the following remarkable advantages: the product is safe and reliable, and the vacuum glass can be ensured to be intact even when the local high temperature of the solar cell reaches 200 ℃ due to damage; the toughening performance of the vacuum glass is kept, and the product is ensured to meet the requirement of safety glass; the vacuum glass has the beneficial effects that the edge folding, the multiple vacuum layers and the high-thickness vacuum layer of the vacuum glass act together to endow the product with excellent heat insulation performance and excellent safety and reliability, so that the problem that the conventional photovoltaic vacuum glass cannot be used as a structural material, the problem that the safety is low seriously restricts the bottleneck and the stubborn disease of industry development is solved, and the vacuum glass is of great importance to the development of projects, products and industries; the durability is more than ten times of that of the existing product, and the service life of the building is really the same as that of the building; the product has wide application market, realizes the integration of power generation, heat preservation, lighting, decoration and structural functions, and sets bending resistance, impact strength and heat preservation performance correspondingly through the adjustment of the height and thickness of the folded edge, the thickness and the number of layers and the vacuum degree, thereby completely meeting the comprehensive requirements of buildings, such as 65 percent and 75 percent of energy conservation, passive buildings, zero energy consumption and the like, on curtain walls, roofs, doors and windows.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation and energy-saving building material production, and particularly relates to a manufacturing method of a structure-function integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass and the structure-function integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass manufactured by the method.
Background
The existing photovoltaic vacuum glass is formed by compounding a solar cell and protective glass on the surface of vacuum glass formed by two parallel flat glass plates. There are: 1. the vacuum glass bursts. The reason is as follows: (1) the support column between the two pieces of glass is a stainless steel sheet with the thickness of only 0.12mm, and as the heat conductivity coefficient of the stainless steel sheet is as high as 17W/m.K and is 17-20 times of that of the glass, the heat energy born by the surface layer glass is directly transmitted to the inner layer glass through the stainless steel support column with the thickness of only 0.12mm without attenuation, and the vacuum part without the support column has excellent heat insulation performance, so that the heat expansion stress is generated at the support column part of the inner layer glass; (2) under normal state, the heat of the solar cell is also 50-80 ℃, and when a local solar cell is damaged, high temperature as high as 200 ℃ can be generated locally; (3) the vacuum layer is only 0.12mm thick and the periphery is sealedThe glass is connected for rigid sealing, so that the thermal expansion deformation stress generated by the glass cannot be released; (4) up to 1X 10-1Pa-1×10-3The vacuum degree of Pa ensures that the surface layer glass and the inner layer glass are subjected to huge atmospheric pressure; (5) the bending strength of the existing vacuum glass is very low. The combination of the above factors inevitably leads to the burst of the existing vacuum glass. 2. Structural form and low strength, rendering it unusable as a structural material. 3. The manufacturing method of the vacuum glass comprises the steps of distributing a support on the toughened flat glass, distributing solder on the edge between two parallel toughened flat glasses, then welding at high temperature, sealing and exhausting to form vacuum, and then compounding the solar cell and the protective glass. There are: (1) when the solder is melted at the high temperature at the edges of two parallel toughened flat glass plates, because the heating part and the inner and outer vacuum walls of the vacuum glass are in the same plane, the heat transfer distance cannot be prolonged, and the influence of the high temperature of the heating part on the inner and outer vacuum walls is difficult to be obviously reduced, so that the toughening performance of the glass is seriously reduced, and even the toughening performance is lost; (2) the strength of the periphery of the vacuum glass is greatly reduced, which is a main reason that the conventional vacuum glass often cracks from the periphery to cause fracture; (3) only a space of 0.12mm-0.15mm is reserved between two pieces of parallel tempered flat glass, and the two pieces of parallel tempered flat glass still have a plane structure, so that the bending strength of the two pieces of parallel tempered flat glass is very low, and a sealing layer between the two pieces of flat glass is easy to separate during bending; (4) for example, the weight and cost of the vacuum glass with multiple vacuum layers manufactured by the manufacturing method are too high. The existing photovoltaic vacuum glass has low safety, and the vacuum glass substrate is easy to crack, thereby being a bottleneck which seriously influences the application of products and the development of industries; the material can not be used as a structural material, so that the application market is narrow, and the material is another main factor which seriously influences the development of products and industries.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing photovoltaic vacuum glass cannot release thermal expansion deformation stress due to the fact that the thermal conductivity coefficient of a support column is large, the position of the support column of inner-layer glass generates strong thermal expansion stress, the performance of tempered glass can be seriously reduced in the process of manufacturing the vacuum glass, the peripheral strength of a product is low, multiple vacuum-layer vacuum glass is difficult to manufacture, and the thermal insulation performance is not ideal, and provides a manufacturing method of the photovoltaic vacuum glass with integrated structure and function and the photovoltaic vacuum glass with integrated structure and function manufactured by the method.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
(1) firstly, face wall edge folding glass, inner wall edge folding glass and protection wall edge folding glass which are formed by face walls and folding edges and are provided with openings on single faces are manufactured and formed respectively, and the edge folding glass is tempered. The length and width outer dimensions of the surface wall edge folding glass are less than the length and width inner dimensions of the protection wall edge folding glass by 0.05mm-5mm, and the length and width outer dimensions of the inner wall edge folding glass are less than the length and width inner dimensions of the surface wall edge folding glass by 0.05mm-5 mm.
(2) And placing a solar cell or a cell film on the inner surface of the glass face wall of the protecting wall.
(3) And placing the face wall edge-folded glass into the opening of the protective wall edge-folded glass to form a hollow space of 0.5-5 mm between the outer surface of the face wall edge-folded glass and the inner surface of the protective wall edge-folded glass, or connecting the outer surface of the face wall edge-folded glass with a solar cell sheet or a cell film, and leaving a 2-20 mm expansion and contraction gap between the outer periphery of the face wall edge-folded glass and the inner periphery of the protective wall edge-folded glass.
(4) And pins are arranged at corresponding positions on the inner surface of the glass surface wall with the folded surface wall, and a pin array is formed by a plurality of pins.
(5) And placing the outer surface of the glass surface wall with the folded edge on the inner wall on the pin.
(6) And placing sealing low-temperature sealing materials with the melting temperature of 300-450 ℃ between the connected or gapped face wall folded edge glass, inner wall folded edge glass and protection wall folded edge glass and/or between sealing surfaces, thus finishing material assembly.
(7) And transferring the workpiece subjected to material assembly to a vacuumizing sealing device, and vacuumizing the vacuum layer through the hems and the sealing low-temperature sealing material and/or the gaps between the hems and the sealing surface and the sealing low-temperature sealing material. The vacuum pumping is carried out while the workpiece is preheated at 280-300 ℃, after the set vacuum degree is reached, the sealing heating device is started, the part where the sealing low-temperature sealing material is placed is locally heated at 300-450 ℃ for a short time, so that the sealing low-temperature sealing material is melted, the folded edges and the folded edge sealing surfaces are hermetically sealed into a whole, and a vacuum layer is formed between the surface wall folded edge glass and the inner wall folded edge glass.
(8) After the workpiece is rotated out from the vacuumizing sealing device, the threading holes arranged on the protective wall folded edge penetrated with the lead are sealed by using low-melting-point inorganic sealing material or organic sealing material, so that an air layer in which solar cells or cell films are arranged is formed between the protective wall folded edge glass and the face wall folded edge glass. Thus, the manufacture of the photovoltaic vacuum glass with the integrated structure and function is completed.
Further:
(1) firstly, fixing a placing plate on the outer surface of the face wall folded glass through a support column, and reserving a 2-20 mm expansion and contraction gap between the periphery of the placing plate and the inner periphery of the protection wall folded glass.
(2) After the solar cell or the cell film is placed on the inner surface of the surface wall of the protective wall edge-folded glass, the surface wall edge-folded glass is placed into the opening of the protective wall edge-folded glass, so that the placing plate is connected with the solar cell or the cell film or a gap is reserved between the placing plate and the solar cell or the cell film.
(3) And pins are arranged at corresponding positions on the inner surface of the glass surface wall with the folded surface wall, and a pin array is formed by a plurality of pins.
(4) And placing the outer surface of the glass surface wall with the folded edge on the inner wall on the pin.
(5) And placing sealing low-temperature sealing materials with the melting temperature of 300-450 ℃ between the connected or gapped face wall folded edge glass, inner wall folded edge glass and protection wall folded edge glass and/or between sealing surfaces, thus finishing material assembly.
(6) Transferring the workpiece assembled with the materials to a vacuumizing sealing device, vacuumizing a vacuum layer through gaps between the folded edges and the sealing low-temperature sealing material and/or between the folded edge sealing surface and the sealing low-temperature sealing material, preheating the workpiece at 280-300 ℃, vacuumizing, starting a sealing heating device after a set vacuum degree is reached, and locally heating the part with the sealing low-temperature sealing material at 300-450 ℃ for a short time to melt the sealing low-temperature sealing material, so that the folded edges and the folded edge sealing surfaces are hermetically sealed into a whole, and a vacuum layer is formed between the surface wall folded edge glass and the inner wall folded edge glass.
(7) After the workpiece is rotated out from the vacuumizing sealing device, the threading hole formed in the protective wall folded edge penetrated with the lead is sealed by using low-melting-point inorganic sealing material or organic sealing material, so that an air layer in which a solar cell or a cell film is arranged is formed between the protective wall folded edge glass and the face wall folded edge glass, and the manufacturing of the structural and functional integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass is completed as above.
Further:
(1) firstly, manufacturing protective wall folded glass with placing openings with the width of 0.5mm-5mm arranged at intervals on a formed folded edge and a separating layer with a folded edge or without the folded edge, and carrying out toughening treatment.
(2) And placing the face wall edge-folded glass into the opening of the protection wall edge-folded glass, so that a cavity of 0.5-5 mm is formed between the outer surface of the face wall edge-folded glass and the inner surface of the protection wall edge-folded glass, and a 2-20 mm expansion and contraction gap is reserved between the outer periphery of the face wall edge-folded glass and the inner periphery of the protection wall edge-folded glass.
(3) And pins are arranged at corresponding positions on the inner surface of the glass surface wall with the folded surface wall, and a pin array is formed by a plurality of pins.
(4) And placing the separation layer on the pin, and keeping an expansion and contraction gap of 0.5-3 mm between the periphery of the separation layer and the inner periphery of the face wall folded glass. And then placing a second layer of columns on the corresponding positions of the inner surface of the separation layer, and enabling the pins to be vertically aligned with the pins, so that the double vacuum layers are formed.
(5) And placing the outer surface of the glass surface wall with the folded edge on the inner wall on the pin at the uppermost layer, and finishing the placement, vacuumizing and sealing of the sealing low-temperature sealing material.
(6) And placing the solar cell or the cell film into the cavity through the placing opening, and paving and fixing the solar cell or the cell film.
(7) And (4) after the lead penetrates out of the placing opening, sealing the placing opening by using a sealing material. Thus, the manufacture of the photovoltaic vacuum glass with the double vacuum layer structure and the function integration is completed.
Further:
(1) and (4) directly welding a protection wall folded edge sealing surface with a placing opening on the folded edge on the outer surface of the surface wall folded edge glass to form a protection surface wall.
(2) And tempering the protective surface wall.
(3) And pins are arranged at corresponding positions on the inner surface of the glass surface wall with the folded surface wall, and a pin array is formed by a plurality of pins.
(4) And placing the outer surface of the glass surface wall with the folded edge on the inner wall on the pin.
(5) And placing sealing low-temperature sealing materials with the melting temperature of 300-450 ℃ between the connected or gapped face wall folded edge glass, inner wall folded edge glass and protection wall folded edge glass and/or between sealing surfaces, thus finishing material assembly.
(6) Transferring the workpiece assembled with the materials to a vacuumizing sealing device, vacuumizing a vacuum layer through gaps between the folded edges and the sealing low-temperature sealing material and/or between the folded edge sealing surface and the sealing low-temperature sealing material, preheating the workpiece at 280-300 ℃, vacuumizing, starting a sealing heating device after a set vacuum degree is reached, and locally heating the part with the sealing low-temperature sealing material at 300-450 ℃ for a short time to melt the sealing low-temperature sealing material, so that the folded edges and the folded edge sealing surfaces are hermetically sealed into a whole, and a vacuum layer is formed between the surface wall folded edge glass and the inner wall folded edge glass.
(7) And placing the solar cell or the cell film into the cavity between the protective wall and the outer surface of the surface wall through the placing opening, paving and fixing the solar cell or the cell film, penetrating the lead out of the placing opening, and sealing the placing opening by using a sealing material.
The sealing reinforcing folded edges are arranged on the surface wall and the inner wall of the vacuum glass, the protective wall formed by the surface wall and the folded edges is arranged on the outer surface of the surface wall, and a solar cell or a cell film is arranged between the protective wall and the outer surface of the surface wall.
Further: the protective wall folded edge is sleeved outside the face wall folded edge, and the face wall, the inner wall folded edge and the protective wall folded edge are sealed and connected into a whole through a sealing low-temperature sealing material with the melting temperature of 300-450 ℃ arranged between the sealing and connecting surface at the end part of each folded edge and the folded edge.
Further: a 2mm-20mm expansion gap is arranged between the periphery of the face wall and the inner surface of the folded edge of the protection wall, and a lead of the solar cell or the cell film penetrates out of a threading hole arranged in the folded edge of the protection wall; and a discharge cell cavity is formed between the protective wall and the outer surface of the surface wall, and inert gas or air is filled in the discharge cell cavity and is provided with a solar cell or a cell film.
Further: a placing plate which is fixed on the protective wall or the surface wall through a connecting column and is arranged in the cavity in an overhead manner is arranged in the cavity of the discharge cell, and an expansion gap of 2mm-20mm is reserved between the periphery of the placing plate and the inner periphery of the edge-folded glass of the protective wall; the surface of the placing plate is provided with a reflecting layer.
Further: one or more layers of separation layers with folded edges or without are arranged in the vacuum layer, pins are arranged among the separation layers, between the separation layers and the surface wall and between the separation layers and the inner wall, and a pin array is formed by a plurality of pins; the periphery of the separation layer is connected with the surface wall folded edge and the inner surface of the folded edge of the separation layer or is provided with an expansion and contraction gap of 2mm-20 mm; the sealing low-temperature sealing material with the melting temperature of 300-450 ℃ arranged between the sealing surface and the folded edge is internally provided with a reinforcing rib; the folded edge is provided with a mounting hole.
Further: and placing openings with the width of 0.5mm-5mm are arranged on the folded edge of the protective wall close to the surface wall at intervals, after the solar cell or the cell film is placed into the cell cavity from the placing openings, the placing openings are sealed by sealing materials, and the lead penetrates out of the sealing materials.
Further: and (3) folding the edge of the protective wall with the placing opening to form a folding sealing surface, welding or sealing the folding sealing surface on the outer surface of the surface wall to form a protective surface wall, and then performing toughening treatment on the protective surface wall.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the surface wall folded edge glass, the separation layer folded edge or the plane glass which are arranged between the protective wall and the inner wall and have 2mm-20mm expansion and contraction gaps between the periphery and the protective wall can effectively release thermal expansion deformation stress and disperse heat energy conducted by local pins, thereby reducing local heat effect.
2. The glass pin with the height of 5mm-15mm can effectively absorb and release the thermal expansion deformation stress generated by the inner wall edge folding glass, the separation layer edge folding glass or the plane glass while reducing the heat conduction.
3. The separating layer with the expansion and contraction gaps, the multiple vacuum layers and the glass material have the combined action of the pins with the height of 5mm-15mm, so that the influence of temperature deformation stress is remarkably reduced, and the safety and reliability of the product are ensured.
4. The preheating and heating in the process of manufacturing the vacuum glass do not influence the toughening performance of the product.
Effect of the hem on the attenuation of thermal influence: the heat transfer distance during local heating is prolonged, and the influence of heat energy is attenuated. Secondly, the liquid with higher boiling point is adopted to cover the surface wall and obviously absorb the heat energy conducted to the surface wall to provide necessary conditions. And the sectional area of the heat bridge is reduced, so that the heat transfer quantity is reduced. The three items act together, so that the heat energy of the folded edge sealing surface with the longest heating time and the largest heating energy is obviously reduced and then is conducted to the surface wall, and the temperature of the surface wall is ensured to be lower than 280 ℃, thereby ensuring the toughening performance. The height and thickness of each folded edge are set according to different purposes of the product and requirements on strength and heat preservation performance, and the preferred height of each folded edge is 50mm-150mm, and the thickness of each folded edge is 2mm-5 mm.
5. And (3) folding the edges to endow the vacuum glass with a three-dimensional stress structure, so that the bending strength and the bending strength are obviously enhanced, and the peripheral strength of the vacuum glass is obviously enhanced.
6. The edge folding, the multiple vacuum layers and the high-thickness vacuum layer have the combined action, so that the product has excellent heat insulation performance and excellent safety and reliability. Therefore, the problem that the existing vacuum glass cannot be used as a structural material and the safety is low, which seriously restricts the bottleneck and the stubborn diseases of the industry development and is very important for the development of projects, products and industries is solved.
7. The durability of the vacuum glass is more than ten times that of the existing product, and the vacuum glass really has the same service life with the building.
The smaller the number of layers of the multilayer heat insulation assembly, the greater the influence of the vacuum degree on the equivalent heat conductivity coefficient of the multilayer heat insulation assembly; because the vacuum glass is relatively vacuum, the thickness and the number of layers of the vacuum layer still have important effect on the heat preservation performance.
(1) The vacuum layer is divided into a plurality of vacuum layers with the thickness of 5mm-15mm through the reflection separation layer, so that necessary and excellent precondition is created for greatly reducing the vacuum degree and obviously improving the heat preservation performance.
(2) The vacuum layer with the thickness of 5mm-15mm also plays an important role in relatively maintaining the vacuum degree of the vacuum layer so as to ensure the continuous and long-term heat preservation performance. Even if the glass is measured by the thickness of 5mm, the volume of the vacuum layer is 50 times larger than that of the existing vacuum glass, namely, the influence of material outgassing on the vacuum degree can be reduced by 50 times, so that the functional degradation of the product in the service process is greatly inhibited, and the application of the product and the stubborn disease of industry development are severely restricted. And under the combined action of independent multiple vacuum layers, the durability of the product is more than ten times that of the existing vacuum glass, and the service life of the product is really the same as that of a building.
(3) The preferable vacuum degree is 20Pa to 2Pa, even if the vacuum degree is 2Pa, 1X 10 compared with the prior vacuum glass- 1Pa-1×10-3The high vacuum degree of Pa is ten times or hundred times lower, so that the atmospheric pressure born by a vacuum wall and a pin is greatly reduced;
(4) the vacuum degree in medium and low magnitude creates extremely favorable conditions for selecting the glass made of heat-degrading material as the pin, increasing the height of the pin and increasing the distance between the pins. To resist 1 × 10-1Pa-1×10-3Pa, the huge pressure caused by high vacuum degree, the existing vacuum glass support is stainless steel with the diameter of 0.5mm, the heat conductivity coefficient of the stainless steel is 17W/m.K, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the glass is 0.76W/m.K-1.1W/m.K, and the difference between the two is about 19 times.
8. The product has wide application market.
The integrated functions of power generation, heat preservation, lighting, decoration and structure are realized, and the bending resistance, the impact strength and the heat preservation performance are correspondingly set through adjusting the height and the thickness of the folded edge, the thickness of the vacuum layer, the number of layers and the vacuum degree, so that the comprehensive requirements of buildings, such as 65 percent and 75 percent of energy conservation, passive type and zero energy consumption, on curtain walls, roofs and doors and windows are completely met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the second embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the third embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the fourth embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows: according to the manufacturing method shown in fig. 1:
(1) firstly, face wall edge folding glass 3 with a single opening and formed by a face wall 1 and edge folding 2, inner wall edge folding glass 4 and protective wall edge folding glass 5 are respectively manufactured and formed, and the edge folding glass is toughened. The length and width outer dimensions of the surface wall folded glass 3 are less than the length and width inner dimensions of the protection wall folded glass 5 by 0.05-5 mm, and the length and width outer dimensions of the inner wall folded glass 4 are less than the length and width inner dimensions of the surface wall folded glass 3 by 0.05-5 mm.
(2) A solar cell sheet or a cell film 7 is placed on the inner surface 6 of the glass face wall of the protecting wall folded edge.
(3) Putting the face wall edge folding glass 3 into the opening of the protection wall edge folding glass 5 to form a hollow space of 0.5mm-5mm between the outer surface 8 of the face wall edge folding glass and the inner surface 6 of the protection wall edge folding glass, or connecting the outer surface 8 of the face wall edge folding glass with a solar cell or a cell film 7 and leaving a swelling and shrinking gap 11 of 2mm-20mm between the outer periphery 9 of the face wall edge folding glass and the inner periphery 10 of the protection wall edge folding glass.
(4) The pins 13 are arranged at corresponding positions of the inner surface 12 of the glass surface wall of the surface wall flanging, and a pin array is formed by a plurality of pins 13.
(5) The inner wall folded glass facing outer surface 14 is placed over the pin 13.
(6) And placing a sealing low-temperature sealing material 16 with the melting temperature of 300-450 ℃ between the connected or gapped face wall edge folding glass folds 2-1, the inner wall edge folding glass folds 2-2 and the protection wall edge folding glass folds 2-3 and/or between the sealing surfaces 15, thus finishing the material assembly.
(7) And transferring the workpiece subjected to material assembly to a vacuumizing sealing device, and vacuumizing the vacuum layer through the gaps between the hems and the sealing low-temperature sealing material 16 and/or between the hems sealing surface 15 and the sealing low-temperature sealing material 16. The vacuum pumping is carried out while the workpiece is preheated at 280-300 ℃, after the set vacuum degree is reached, the sealing heating device is started, the part where the sealing low-temperature sealing material 16 is placed is locally heated at 300-450 ℃ for a short time, so that the sealing low-temperature sealing material 16 is melted, the folded edges and the folded edge sealing surfaces are hermetically sealed into a whole, and the vacuum layer 17 is formed between the surface wall folded edge glass 3 and the inner wall folded edge glass 4.
(8) After the work piece is rotated out from the vacuum sealing device, the threading hole 18 arranged on the protective wall folded edge 2-3 penetrated with the lead 20 is sealed by using a low-melting point inorganic sealing material or organic sealing material 21, so that an air layer 19 with a solar cell or a cell film 7 is formed between the protective wall folded edge glass 5 and the face wall folded edge glass 3. Thus, the manufacture of the photovoltaic vacuum glass with the integrated structure and function is completed.
Example two: according to the manufacturing method shown in fig. 2:
(1) firstly, a placing plate 29 is fixed on the outer surface 8 of the face wall folded glass through a support column 30, and an expansion gap 31 of 2mm-20mm is reserved between the periphery of the placing plate 29 and the inner periphery 10 of the protection wall folded glass.
(2) After the solar cell or the cell film 7 is placed on the inner surface 6 of the face wall of the protective wall edge folding glass, the face wall edge folding glass 3 is placed in the opening of the protective wall edge folding glass 5, so that the placing plate 29 is connected with the solar cell or the cell film 7 or a gap is reserved.
(3) The same procedures as in (4) to (8) of example 1 were conducted.
Example three: according to the manufacturing method shown in fig. 3:
(1) firstly, manufacturing protection wall folded glass 5-1 with placing openings 27 with the width of 0.5mm-5mm arranged at intervals on the formed folded edge and a separating layer 22 with folded edges or without folded edges, and carrying out toughening treatment.
(2) Putting the face wall edge-folded glass 3 into the opening of the protective wall edge-folded glass 5-1, so that a cavity 23 of 0.5mm-5mm is formed between the outer surface 8 of the face wall edge-folded glass and the inner surface 6 of the protective wall edge-folded glass, and a swelling and shrinking gap 11 of 2mm-20mm is reserved between the outer periphery 9 of the face wall edge-folded glass and the inner periphery 10 of the protective wall edge-folded glass.
(3) The pins 13 are arranged at corresponding positions of the inner surface 14 of the glass surface wall of the surface wall flanging, and a pin array is formed by a plurality of pins 13.
(4) The spacer layer 22 is placed on the pins 13 with a 2mm to 20mm expansion gap 26 between the spacer layer periphery 24 and the inner periphery 25 of the face wall flange glass. Then, the second layer pins 13-1 are placed at corresponding positions on the inner surface of the partition layer 22 so that the pins 13 are aligned with the pins 13-1 up and down, thereby forming the vacuum layer 17 and the vacuum layer 17-1.
(5) And placing the outer surface 14 of the glass surface wall with the hemmed inner wall on the pin at the uppermost layer, and finishing the placement, vacuumizing and sealing of the sealing low-temperature sealing material 16.
(6) The solar cell slice or the cell membrane 7 is put into the cavity 23 through the placing opening 27 and is paved and fixed.
(7) After the lead wire 20 is passed out of the placing port 27, the placing port 27 is sealed with a sealing material 21-1. Thus, the manufacture of the photovoltaic vacuum glass with the double vacuum layer structure and the function integration is completed.
Example four: according to the schematic diagram of the product structure shown in fig. 4:
(1) the protection wall folded edge sealing surface 15-1 with the folded edge provided with the placing opening 27-1 is directly welded on the outer surface 8 of the face wall folded edge glass to form a protection face wall 28.
(2) The protective facing wall 28 is tempered.
(3) After the solar cell sheet or the cell film 7 is manufactured by the methods (4) to (7) of example 1, the solar cell sheet or the cell film 7 is placed in the cavity 23-1 between the protective wall and the outer surface of the face wall through the placing opening 27-1, and is flattened and fixed, and after the lead wire 20 is led out from the placing opening 27-1, the placing opening 27-1 is sealed with a sealing material.
The method is also suitable for manufacturing the structural and functional integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass by using non-toughened glass.
The foregoing embodiments are provided to illustrate and not to limit the present invention, and any modifications and variations of the present invention are within the spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The manufacturing method of the photovoltaic vacuum glass with the integrated structure and function is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) firstly, respectively manufacturing and molding face wall edge folding glass, inner wall edge folding glass and protective wall edge folding glass with single-side openings, wherein the face wall edge folding glass is composed of a face wall and folded edges, and toughening treatment is carried out on each edge folding glass, the length and width outer dimensions of the face wall edge folding glass are less than the length and width inner dimensions of the protective wall edge folding glass by 0.05-5 mm, and the length and width outer dimensions of the inner wall edge folding glass are less than the length and width inner dimensions of the face wall edge folding glass by 0.05-5 mm;
(2) placing a solar cell or a cell film on the inner surface of the glass face wall of the protecting wall;
(3) putting the face wall edge-folded glass into the opening of the protection wall edge-folded glass to form a hollow space of 0.5-5 mm between the outer surface of the face wall edge-folded glass and the inner surface of the protection wall edge-folded glass, or connecting the outer surface of the face wall edge-folded glass with a solar cell sheet or a cell film, and leaving a 2-20 mm expansion and contraction gap between the outer periphery of the face wall edge-folded glass and the inner periphery of the protection wall edge-folded glass;
(4) placing pins at corresponding positions on the inner surface of the surface wall of the glass with the folded surface wall, and forming a pin array by a plurality of pins;
(5) placing the outer surface of the glass surface wall with the folded edge on the inner wall on a pin;
(6) placing sealing low-temperature sealing materials with the melting temperature of 300-450 ℃ between the connected or gapped face wall folded edge glass, inner wall folded edge glass and protection wall folded edge glass and/or between sealing surfaces, thus finishing material assembly;
(7) transferring the workpiece assembled with the materials into a vacuumizing sealing device, vacuumizing a vacuum layer through gaps between each folded edge and sealing low-temperature sealing material and/or between each folded edge sealing surface and sealing low-temperature sealing material, preheating the workpiece at 280-300 ℃, vacuumizing, starting a sealing heating device after a set vacuum degree is reached, and locally heating the part with the sealing low-temperature sealing material at 300-450 ℃ for a short time to melt the sealing low-temperature sealing material, so that the folded edges and the folded edge sealing surfaces are hermetically sealed into a whole, and a vacuum layer is formed between the surface wall folded edge glass and the inner wall folded edge glass;
(8) after the workpiece is rotated out from the vacuumizing sealing device, the threading hole formed in the protective wall folded edge penetrated with the lead is sealed by using low-melting-point inorganic sealing material or organic sealing material, so that an air layer in which a solar cell or a cell film is arranged is formed between the protective wall folded edge glass and the face wall folded edge glass, and the manufacturing of the structural and functional integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass is completed as above.
2. The manufacturing method of the structure-function integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
(1) fixing a placing plate on the outer surface of the face wall folded glass through a support column, and reserving a 2-20 mm expansion and contraction gap between the periphery of the placing plate and the inner periphery of the protection wall folded glass;
(2) after a solar cell or a cell film is placed on the inner surface of the surface wall of the protective wall edge-folded glass, the surface wall edge-folded glass is placed into an opening of the protective wall edge-folded glass, so that the placing plate is connected with the solar cell or the cell film or a gap is reserved;
(3) the method according to claim 1, which is produced by the method described in (4) to (8).
3. The manufacturing method of the structure-function integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, manufacturing protective wall folded glass with placing openings with the width of 0.5mm-5mm arranged at intervals on a formed folded edge and a separating layer with folded edges or without folded edges, and carrying out toughening treatment;
(2) putting the face wall edge-folded glass into the opening of the protection wall edge-folded glass, so that a cavity of 0.5-5 mm is formed between the outer surface of the face wall edge-folded glass and the inner surface of the protection wall edge-folded glass, and a 2-20 mm expansion and contraction gap is reserved between the outer periphery of the face wall edge-folded glass and the inner periphery of the protection wall edge-folded glass;
(3) placing pins at corresponding positions on the inner surface of the surface wall of the glass with the folded surface wall, and forming a pin array by a plurality of pins;
(4) placing the separation layer on the pin, and keeping a 2-20 mm expansion gap between the periphery of the separation layer and the inner periphery of the face wall folded glass, and placing a second layer of columns at corresponding positions on the inner surface of the separation layer, so that the pin and the pin are aligned up and down, thereby forming a double-vacuum layer;
(5) placing the outer surface of the glass surface wall with the folded edge on the inner wall on the pin at the uppermost layer, and finishing the placement, vacuumizing and sealing of the sealing low-temperature sealing material;
(6) placing the solar cell or the cell film into the cavity through the placing opening, and paving and fixing the solar cell or the cell film;
(7) after the lead penetrates out of the placing opening, the placing opening is sealed by a sealing material, and the manufacturing of the double-vacuum-layer structure function integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass is completed.
4. The manufacturing method of the structure-function integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
(1) the protection wall with the placing opening at the folded edge is directly welded on the outer surface of the surface wall folded edge glass to form a protection surface wall;
(2) tempering the protective surface wall;
(3) after the production by the methods (4) to (7) according to claim 1, the solar cell sheet or the cell film is placed in the cavity between the protective wall and the outer surface of the face wall through the placing port, and is flattened and fixed, and after the lead is led out from the placing port, the placing port is sealed with a sealing material.
5. The photovoltaic vacuum glass with integrated structure and function, manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, consists of a vacuum glass surface wall, an inner wall, a support pillar, a vacuum layer, a solar cell and protective wall glass, and is characterized in that: the sealing reinforcing folded edges are arranged on the surface wall and the inner wall of the vacuum glass, the protective wall formed by the surface wall and the folded edges is arranged on the outer surface of the surface wall, and a solar cell or a cell film is arranged between the protective wall and the outer surface of the surface wall.
6. The structurally-functionally-integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the protective wall folded edge is sleeved outside the face wall folded edge, and the face wall, the inner wall folded edge and the protective wall folded edge are sealed and connected into a whole through a sealing low-temperature sealing material with the melting temperature of 300-450 ℃ arranged between the sealing and connecting surface at the end part of each folded edge and the folded edge.
7. The structurally and functionally integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass as claimed in claim 6, wherein: a 2mm-20mm expansion gap is arranged between the periphery of the face wall and the inner surface of the folded edge of the protection wall, and a lead of the solar cell or the cell film penetrates out of a threading hole arranged in the folded edge of the protection wall; and a discharge cell cavity is formed between the protective wall and the outer surface of the surface wall, and inert gas or air is filled in the discharge cell cavity and is provided with a solar cell or a cell film.
8. The structurally-functionally-integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the placing plate is fixed on the outer surface of the face wall folded glass through the supporting columns, and a 2-20 mm expansion and contraction gap is reserved between the periphery of the placing plate and the inner periphery of the protection wall folded glass.
9. The structurally and functionally integrated photovoltaic vacuum glass as claimed in claim 8, wherein: one or more layers of separation layers with folded edges or without are arranged in the vacuum layer, pins are arranged among the separation layers, between the separation layers and the surface wall and between the separation layers and the inner wall, and a pin array is formed by a plurality of pins; the periphery of the separation layer is connected with the surface wall folded edge and the inner surface of the folded edge of the separation layer or is provided with an expansion and contraction gap of 2mm-20 mm; the sealing low-temperature sealing material with the melting temperature of 300-450 ℃ arranged between the sealing surface and the folded edge is internally provided with a reinforcing rib; the folded edge is provided with a mounting hole.
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