CN110316647B - Synchronous unhooking lifting appliance based on four-bar mechanism - Google Patents

Synchronous unhooking lifting appliance based on four-bar mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110316647B
CN110316647B CN201910675647.7A CN201910675647A CN110316647B CN 110316647 B CN110316647 B CN 110316647B CN 201910675647 A CN201910675647 A CN 201910675647A CN 110316647 B CN110316647 B CN 110316647B
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China
Prior art keywords
bar mechanism
pull rod
hanger
hook
main frame
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Active
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CN201910675647.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110316647A (en
Inventor
常留红
毛聪
蔡培浩
蒋欣
唐印
张有锁
张伟
郭龙
孙文硕
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Changsha University of Science and Technology
CCCC Tianjin Dredging Co Ltd
CCCC Tianjin Harbour Engineering Co Ltd
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Changsha University of Science and Technology
CCCC Tianjin Dredging Co Ltd
CCCC Tianjin Harbour Engineering Co Ltd
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Application filed by Changsha University of Science and Technology, CCCC Tianjin Dredging Co Ltd, CCCC Tianjin Harbour Engineering Co Ltd filed Critical Changsha University of Science and Technology
Priority to CN201910675647.7A priority Critical patent/CN110316647B/en
Publication of CN110316647A publication Critical patent/CN110316647A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/12Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets

Abstract

The invention discloses a synchronous unhooking hanger based on a four-bar mechanism, which is characterized by comprising a hanger, a four-bar mechanism group and a pull rod, wherein the four-bar mechanism group is arranged below the hanger, two ends of the pull rod are hinged with the four-bar mechanism group, and the length of the pull rod is greater than the width of the hanger so as to limit the relative limit positions of the hanger and the pull rod. When the auxiliary cable group lifting pull rod moves upwards, the pull rod drives the four-bar mechanism group to move synchronously so that the rope for hanging the heavy object falls off from the hook, and the heavy object is automatically and synchronously unhooked and thrown in the air. The auxiliary cable group is loosened, and the four-bar mechanism group can automatically return to a state that the hook is vertically downward due to the gravity action of the driving connecting rod and the gravity action of the hook and the long connecting rod, so that the rope and the heavy object can be hung again. The hanger has a simple structure, can realize automatic and synchronous unhooking throwing in the air, and has high throwing accuracy; the quantity of the thrown heavy objects is flexible and controllable, the throwing efficiency is high, and the construction cost is low.

Description

Synchronous unhooking lifting appliance based on four-bar mechanism
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lifting appliance, in particular to a synchronous unhooking lifting appliance based on a four-bar mechanism.
Background
In the construction process, the heavy objects are required to be automatically unhooked and thrown in the air frequently, particularly, a plurality of heavy objects are required to be lifted to specified positions and then can be automatically and synchronously unhooked and thrown in the air, for example, the four-surface hexagonal body water permeable frames used in the navigation channel regulation project are required to be thrown on the water surface, the number of the thrown four-surface hexagonal body water permeable frames is very large, and one construction site can reach hundreds of thousands. The traditional heavy object throwing method adopts an excavator to throw and even manually throw, and has the problems of small throwing quantity, low throwing efficiency, large potential safety hazard, high throwing cost, low throwing position accuracy and the like.
The main body of the patent 'automatic unhooking type water-permeable frame group throwing device' with the publication number of CN204475266U is a horizontal suspension rod, the top of the horizontal suspension rod is provided with a pair of main stressed cable rope hanging rings connected with a main hoisting cable rope, the side part of the horizontal suspension rod is provided with a pair of auxiliary stressed cable rope hanging rings connected with an auxiliary hoisting cable rope, a plurality of closed hanging rings are arranged at the bottom of the horizontal suspension rod at intervals, the sides of the closed hanging rings are provided with opening hanging hooks in a one-to-one correspondence manner, one end of a frame fixing chain is fixed on the closed hanging rings, and the other end of the frame fixing chain penetrates. During operation, the hoisting device lifts the main hoisting cable to enable the horizontal suspender to move above the throwing water area, the horizontal suspender is moved above the throwing water area, the auxiliary hoisting cable is lifted, the horizontal suspender turns, the frame fixing chain hooked on the opening lifting hook automatically breaks away, and the water permeable frame falls into water. This patent simple structure, aerial automatic unhook is jettisoned and can be reduced workman's quantity, has eliminated artifical jettison potential safety hazard, has improved the efficiency of construction to a certain extent. However, the single horizontal suspension rod is adopted in the patent, and is influenced by the size of the suspended heavy object, and the number of the open lifting hooks and the closed lifting rings which can be arranged on the suspension rod and are used for suspending the heavy object is very limited, so that the number of the heavy objects which can be thrown at each time is still limited, the hoisting device cannot be fully utilized, the throwing times and the construction cost are increased, and the construction period is even influenced; the horizontal suspender is not limited in the height direction, and the height of the auxiliary hoisting cable lifted by the hoisting device is difficult to control; the two ends of the horizontal suspender are not relatively positioned and restrained, the axis of the horizontal suspender is always in a free deflection state in the throwing process, the requirement on the coordination of the main hoisting cable and the auxiliary hoisting cable is very high, and the control difficulty of crane operators is greatly increased; and the horizontal suspender is single, when lifting the auxiliary hoisting cable, the horizontal suspender is inclined or even overturned easily due to uneven stress, so that the throwing is difficult to be carried out synchronously, and the throwing position is inaccurate.
The patent 'turning plate type throwing sling' with publication number CN105947877A includes a main frame and a unhooking frame, wherein the unhooking frame is positioned above the main frame; the main frame is a latticed frame, two opposite turning plates are arranged at the bottom of each row of grids on the main frame, one side of each turning plate is hinged with one side of each main frame grid, an ear plate is arranged on the upper surface of each turning plate, a lifting rope is tied on each ear plate, and the other end of each lifting rope is tied on a lantern ring; guide rods matched with the sleeves on the main frame are arranged on the bottom surfaces of the rod pieces on the two sides of the unhooking frame. When the water-permeable turning plate is used, the sleeve ring is sleeved on the guide rod, and the guide rod is inserted into the sleeve ring because the unhooking frame is not lifted, so that the sleeve ring cannot be separated, the turning plate is lifted to be flush with the main frame, and the water-permeable frame can be placed on the turning plate; when the lifting appliance with the water permeable frame is lifted to a throwing water area, the unhooking frame is lifted to enable the guide rod to be completely separated from the sleeve, the sleeve ring is separated from the guide rod at the moment, the turning plate downwards rotates under the action of the gravity of the water permeable frame, and the water permeable frame on the turning plate synchronously drops to a throwing position. This patent greatly increased the quantity of the heavy object (the frame that permeates water) of can throwing at every turn, made hoisting apparatus obtain make full use of, reduced the number of times of throwing, improved the efficiency of construction effectively. However, before the throwing, the heavy objects need to be manually and orderly placed on the turning plate of the lifting appliance one by one, the labor intensity is very high, and the time required by the throwing preparation work is very much; because the sizes of the turning plates are fixed, undersized or oversized weights cannot be hoisted on the same hanger, if the undersized weights can directly slide off from between the two turning plates, the oversized weights cannot be accommodated in the hanger; moreover, when a plurality of layers of weights are required to be placed in the same grid, the structural design of the lifting appliance and the layout of the lifting cable need to be specially considered so as to prevent the lifting appliance, the lifting cable and the weights from interfering; in addition, need make a plurality of hoists, all need to change the hoist again after throwing the completion every time, the work progress is loaded down with trivial details, and the availability factor of hoist itself is low, and economic nature is relatively poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the aerial unhooking throwing device and the prior art, the invention provides a synchronous unhooking hanger based on a four-bar mechanism. The invention relates to a synchronous unhooking lifting appliance based on a four-bar mechanism, which is characterized by comprising a lifting frame, a four-bar mechanism group and a pull rod, wherein the four-bar mechanism group is arranged below the lifting frame, and two ends of the pull rod are hinged with the four-bar mechanism group. The hanger is composed of a latticed main frame, hanger lifting lugs, a hanger hinged support and hanging rings; the hanger hinged support is orderly welded on the lower surface of the main frame and used for mounting the four-bar mechanism group; the hanging rings are sequentially arranged on the lower surface of the main frame and used for tying one end of a rope, the other end of the rope is hung on the hook through the steel ring, and the rope is used for hanging a heavy object; the upper surface at four angles of main frame distributes there is the gallows lug, and the main cable group link gallows lug of hoist can go up and down the gallows. The driving connecting rod, the short connecting rod, the hook and the main frame are connected by a pin shaft to form a four-bar mechanism; the long connecting rod, the two adjacent hooks and the main frame are connected by a pin shaft to form a four-bar mechanism; the driving connecting rod is provided with three through holes, the middle through hole is used for being hinged with the pull rod, and the through holes at the two ends are respectively hinged with the hanger hinged support and the short connecting rod; three through holes are formed in the hook, the middle through hole is used for being hinged with the long connecting rod, and the through holes at the two ends are respectively hinged with the hanger hinged support and the short connecting rod. The pull rod consists of square steel, a pull rod hinged support and a pull rod lifting lug; the pull rod hinged support is arranged at two ends of the lower surface of the square steel and is hinged with the driving connecting rod; the pull rod lifting lug is installed on the upper surface of the square steel, the auxiliary cable group of the crane is connected with the pull rod lifting lug, the pull rod can be lifted, and the four-bar mechanism group is driven to move, so that the synchronous unhooking of the rope in the air and the throwing of heavy objects can be realized.
Normally, the secondary cable set is released and the hook is in an upright position, so that the steel ring, the cable and the weight can be hung on the hook.
The hanging rings are orderly arranged on the lower surface of the main frame, and the corresponding hanging rings are arranged right in front of the opening direction of each hook.
The length of square steel be greater than the width of main frame to when guaranteeing that vice cable assembly promotes the pull rod to extreme position, the upper surface of square steel and the lower surface of main frame contact each other, restrict the relative motion of pull rod and main frame, thereby have extreme position and can not interfere with main frame each other when guaranteeing four-bar linkage group motion, can realize the rope at this moment and unhook and the jettisoning of heavy object in the sky in step.
The auxiliary cable set is released after the four-bar mechanism set finishes throwing, and the four-bar mechanism set can automatically return to a state that the hook is vertically downward due to the gravity action of the driving connecting rod and the gravity action of the hook and the long connecting rod, so that a steel ring, a rope and a heavy object can be hung again.
The interval between the adjacent hooks is 0.5-2.5 m, the specific size is determined according to the size of the weight, and the mutual noninterference between the adjacent weights is ensured.
The hanger hinged support and the pull rod hinged support are both composed of two opposite vertical steel plates, through holes are formed in the vertical steel plates, and rod pieces to be hinged are inserted between the two vertical steel plates.
The hinges are connected by pin shafts.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
① the invention relates to a sling, wherein the sling is hoisted above the weight to be thrown by a crane, a rope with one end fixed on a suspension loop passes through the weight, the other end of the rope is tied on a steel loop and the steel loop is hung on a hook to complete the hook, the sling together with the weight is hoisted to a throwing area by the crane, a secondary cable group of the crane lifts a pull rod and drives a four-bar mechanism group to move, the steel loop and the rope can fall off from the hook, the weight is separated from the rope and falls into a throwing place.
② the throwing synchronism is good, effectively improves the accuracy of unhooking throwing, the two ends of the pull rod in the invention are hinged with the four-bar mechanism group, when the secondary cable group of the crane lifts the pull rod, all the four-bar mechanism groups can be driven to move synchronously to finish automatic throwing, the throwing synchronism is good, because the hook mounting positions of each group of four-bar mechanisms are arranged in order with equal intervals, the positions for hanging the heavy objects are also arranged in order with equal intervals, the unhooking throwing synchronism is good, and the accuracy of throwing the heavy objects can be effectively improved.
③ the number of layers of the suspensible weight is flexible and controllable, and different construction requirements are met, the invention adopts the mode of suspending the weight by the rope, the number of layers of the disposable suspensible weight can be increased or decreased according to the construction requirements, and the invention is flexible and controllable and can meet different construction requirements.
④ the sling is composed of a hanger, a four-bar mechanism group and a pull rod, when in installation, the four-bar mechanism group is only needed to be hinged with the hanger and the pull rod respectively, the structure is very simple, the manufacture and installation are convenient and reliable, and the manufacture cost of the sling is obviously reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a spreader.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view and a partial view of the hanger.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-bar mechanism set.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the tie rod.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a state where a spreader having a weight suspended thereon is lifted.
Fig. 6 is a partial view showing a state where a spreader with a weight suspended therefrom is lifted.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the critical state of the hanger when the steel ring is disengaged from the hook, namely, unhooking and throwing.
Fig. 8 is a partial view of the spreader in the critical state of steel loop disengagement, i.e. unhooking and casting.
The labels in the above fig. 1 to 8 are: 1. the lifting device comprises a main frame, 2, lifting frame lifting lugs, 3, lifting frame hinged supports, 4, hanging rings, 5, driving connecting rods, 6, short connecting rods, 7, hooks, 8, long connecting rods, 9, hinge pins, 10, square steel, 11, pull rod hinged supports, 12, pull rod lifting lugs, 13, main cable groups, 14, auxiliary cable groups, 15, heavy objects, 16, ropes, 17 and steel rings.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a synchronous unhooking spreader based on a four-bar mechanism is characterized in that: the hanger comprises a hanger, a four-bar mechanism group and a pull rod, wherein the four-bar mechanism group is arranged below the hanger, two ends of the pull rod are hinged with the four-bar mechanism group, and the length of the pull rod is greater than the width of the hanger, so that the relative limit positions of the hanger and the pull rod can be limited. The hanger is composed of a latticed main frame 1, hanger lifting lugs 2, a hanger hinged support 3 and a hanging ring 4; the hanger hinged support 3 is orderly welded on the lower surface of the main frame 1 and is used for installing a four-bar mechanism group; the hanging rings 4 are orderly arranged on the lower surface of the main frame 1 and are used for tying ropes 16, and the ropes 16 are used for hanging weights 15; hanging bracket lifting lugs 2 are distributed on the upper surfaces of four corners of the main frame 1, and a main cable group 13 of the crane is connected with the hanging bracket lifting lugs 2 to lift the hanging bracket. The driving connecting rod 5, the short connecting rod 6, the hook 7 and the main frame 1 are connected by a pin shaft 9 to form a four-bar mechanism; the long connecting rod 8, two adjacent hooks 7 and the main frame 1 are connected by a pin shaft 9 to form a four-bar mechanism; the driving connecting rod 5 is provided with three through holes, the middle through hole is used for being hinged with the pull rod, and the through holes at the two ends are respectively hinged with the hanger hinged support 3 and the short connecting rod 6; three through holes are formed in the hook 7, the middle through hole is used for being hinged with the long connecting rod 8, and the through holes at the two ends are respectively hinged with the hanger hinged support 3 and the short connecting rod 6; and a corresponding hanging ring 4 is arranged right in front of the opening direction of each hook 7. The pull rod consists of square steel 10, a pull rod hinged support 11 and a pull rod lifting lug 12; the pull rod hinged support 11 is arranged at two ends of the lower surface of the square steel 10 and is hinged with the driving connecting rod 5; the pull rod lifting lug 12 is installed on the upper surface of the square steel 10, the auxiliary cable group 14 of the crane is connected with the pull rod lifting lug 12, the pull rod can be lifted, and the four-bar mechanism group is driven to move, so that the synchronous unhooking of the cable 16 in the air and the throwing of the heavy object 15 can be realized. The hinges are all connected by a pin 9.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the sub-cable group 14 is released, the hook 7 is in a vertical state, the rope 16 for hanging the weight 15 is tied on the suspension loop 4, the other end of the rope 16 is tied on the steel loop 17, the rope 16 is passed through the weight 15 and the steel loop 17 is hung on the hook 7. After all the weights 15 are hung, the main cable group 13 of the crane lifts the hanger lifting lug 2 and moves the hanger with the hung weights 15 to a throwing water area. The mode that adopts the rope to hang the heavy object, the heavy object number of piles that once only can hang can increase and decrease according to the construction demand, and is nimble controllable and can satisfy different construction demands.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, after the water area is thrown, the auxiliary cable group 14 of the crane lifts the pull rod lifting lug 12 upwards, the pull rod is pulled to lift and move upwards, so that the four-bar mechanism group is driven to move synchronously, when the hook 7 rotates to a throwing critical angle, the steel ring 17 falls off from the hook 7, and the weight 15 is separated from the rope 16 and falls into the water area; the pull rod is pulled to continue to move upwards to the limit position, the upper surface of the square steel 10 is in contact with the lower surface of the main frame 1, and the relative movement of the pull rod and the main frame 1 is limited, so that the four-bar mechanism group is guaranteed to have the limit position when moving, cannot interfere with the main frame 1, and the automatic synchronous unhooking and throwing are completed. The whole unhooking throwing can be realized in the air, the process is simple and convenient, the quantity of thrown heavy objects is flexible and controllable, the labor intensity is greatly reduced, and the construction cost is obviously reduced.
After the throwing is finished, the auxiliary cable set 14 is released, the driving connecting rod 5 is under the action of the gravity of the pull rod, the hook 7 is under the action of the gravity of the hook and the long connecting rod 8, the four-bar mechanism set automatically returns to the state that the hook 7 is vertically downward, and the steel ring 17, the rope 16 and the heavy object 15 can be hung again.
The foregoing examples are set forth to illustrate the present invention more clearly and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims to which the invention pertains, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, after reading the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a synchronous unhook hoist based on four-bar linkage which characterized in that: the lifting appliance consists of a lifting frame, a four-bar mechanism group and a pull rod, wherein the four-bar mechanism group is arranged below the lifting frame, and two ends of the pull rod are hinged with the four-bar mechanism group;
the hanger is composed of a latticed main frame (1), hanger lifting lugs (2), a hanger hinged support (3) and hanging rings (4); the hanger hinged support (3) is orderly welded on the lower surface of the main frame (1) and is used for mounting a four-bar mechanism group; the hanging rings (4) are sequentially arranged on the lower surface of the main frame (1) and used for tying one end of a rope (16), the other end of the rope (16) is hung on the hook (7) through a steel ring (17), and the rope (16) is used for hanging a heavy object (15); hanging bracket lifting lugs (2) are distributed on the upper surfaces of four corners of the main frame (1), and a main cable group (13) of the crane is connected with the hanging bracket lifting lugs (2) and can lift the hanging bracket;
the driving connecting rod (5), the short connecting rod (6), the hook (7) and the main frame (1) are connected by a pin shaft (9) to form a four-bar mechanism; the long connecting rod (8), two adjacent hooks (7) and the main frame (1) are connected by a pin shaft (9) to form a four-bar mechanism; three through holes are formed in the driving connecting rod (5), the middle through hole is used for being hinged with the pull rod, and the through holes at the two ends are respectively hinged with the hanger hinged support (3) and the short connecting rod (6); three through holes are formed in the hook (7), the middle through hole is used for being hinged with the long connecting rod (8), and the through holes at the two ends are respectively hinged with the hanger hinged support (3) and the short connecting rod (6);
the pull rod consists of square steel (10), a pull rod hinged support (11) and a pull rod lifting lug (12); the pull rod hinged support (11) is arranged at two ends of the lower surface of the square steel (10) and is hinged with the driving connecting rod (5); the pull rod lifting lug (12) is arranged on the upper surface of the square steel (10), and an auxiliary cable group (14) of the crane is connected with the pull rod lifting lug (12) and can lift the pull rod and drive the four-bar mechanism group to move, so that the synchronous unhooking of the cable (16) and the throwing of a heavy object (15) can be realized in the air;
the hook mounting positions of each group of four-bar mechanisms are arranged in order at equal intervals;
the hanging rings (4) are sequentially arranged on the lower surface of the main frame (1), and the hanging rings (4) are correspondingly arranged right in front of the opening direction of each hook (7).
2. The synchronous unhooking spreader based on the four-bar mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: normally, the secondary cable set (14) is loosened, and the hook (7) is in a vertical state, so that the steel ring (17), the rope (16) and the weight (15) can be hung on the hook (7).
3. The synchronous unhooking spreader based on the four-bar mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the square steel (10) is larger than the width of the main frame (1) so as to ensure that when the auxiliary rope group (14) lifts the pull rod to the limit position, the upper surface of the square steel (10) is in mutual contact with the lower surface of the main frame (1) to limit the relative movement of the pull rod and the main frame (1), so that the limit position is ensured when the four-bar mechanism group moves, the four-bar mechanism group cannot interfere with the main frame (1), and the synchronous unhooking of the rope (16) and the throwing of the heavy object (15) in the air can be realized.
4. The synchronous unhooking spreader based on the four-bar mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the auxiliary cable set (14) is released after the four-bar mechanism set finishes throwing, and the four-bar mechanism set can automatically return to a vertically downward state of the hook (7) under the action of the gravity of the driving connecting rod (5) and the gravity of the hook (7) and the long connecting rod (8), so that the steel ring (17), the rope (16) and the heavy object (15) can be hung again.
5. The synchronous unhooking spreader based on the four-bar mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the interval between the adjacent hooks (7) is 0.5-2.5 m, and the specific size is determined according to the size of the weight (15), so that the adjacent weights (15) are ensured not to interfere with each other.
6. The synchronous unhooking spreader based on the four-bar mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hanger hinged support (3) and the pull rod hinged support (11) are both composed of two opposite vertical steel plates, through holes are formed in the vertical steel plates, and rod pieces to be hinged are inserted between the two vertical steel plates.
7. The synchronous unhooking spreader based on the four-bar mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hinges are connected by pin shafts.
CN201910675647.7A 2019-07-25 2019-07-25 Synchronous unhooking lifting appliance based on four-bar mechanism Active CN110316647B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN110316647B true CN110316647B (en) 2020-08-04

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CN113353784A (en) * 2021-04-21 2021-09-07 中国化学工程第三建设有限公司 Mechanically-assisted cantilever hoisting device and method

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JP2931974B1 (en) * 1998-04-06 1999-08-09 北日本建材リース株式会社 Steel sheet pile lifting tool
CN203361097U (en) * 2013-05-09 2013-12-25 郑州华林水电设备设计咨询有限公司 Mechanical catching beam capable of hooking and unhooking after being descended to be in position
CN204475266U (en) * 2014-12-15 2015-07-15 长江武汉航道工程局 Automatic disconnecting type water-permeable frame group polishing apparatus
CN204958166U (en) * 2015-08-10 2016-01-13 泰州市宏达工矿安全部件有限公司 Laborsaving mousing -hook formula lifting hook
CN208932777U (en) * 2018-08-16 2019-06-04 中交一航局第三工程有限公司 A kind of automatically-unhooked hanger device

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