CN110314419B

CN110314419B - Sedimentation tank

Info

Publication number: CN110314419B
Application number: CN201910596269.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姚萌; 冉治霖; 李绍峰; 南军
Original assignee: Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology
Current assignee: Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology
Priority date: 2019-07-03
Filing date: 2019-07-03
Publication date: 2021-10-22
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-03
Also published as: CN110314419A

Abstract

The invention provides a sedimentation tank provided with an upper inclined area, a lower inclined area and a transition area between the upper inclined area and the lower inclined area, wherein the section area of the lower inclined area is smaller than that of the upper inclined area, when a certain amount of water flows into an upper inclined area with larger cross section area from a lower inclined area with smaller cross section area, the flow velocity of the water flow is reduced, the design of a transition area is positioned between the upper inclined area and the lower inclined area, sludge in the upper inclined area can slide to the transition area, the number of particles in the transition area is increased, the concentration of the particles is effectively improved, the formation of a dynamic suspension layer is promoted, most of the dynamic suspension layer is particles with the size of 5-8 mu m, the flowing small-size particles, especially the particles with the size of less than 5 mu m, can be intercepted, and the small-size particles are precipitated, the effect of improving the effluent quality is achieved, and the pollution to the ultrafiltration membrane can be effectively reduced.

Description

Sedimentation tank

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of solid-liquid separation, in particular to an improvement of a water treatment device technology, and particularly relates to a sedimentation tank.

Background

The types of the existing sedimentation tank are mainly horizontal flow type and inclined plate type, and for the horizontal flow type sedimentation tank, the removal of particles in water mainly depends on natural sedimentation of the particles, so that the particle removal efficiency is not good; for the inclined plate type sedimentation tank, most of the existing V-shaped inclined plate sedimentation tanks have the defects that when water flows through an inclined plate, the speed difference is generated, particles in water are easy to precipitate under the action of gravity, but for small particles, particularly particles with the size less than 5 mu m, the small particles are subjected to the action of gravity because of lighter weight, and can always make irregular Brownian motion in the water; and small-size particles are poor in motion regularity, incomplete in structural development and difficult to separate solid from liquid, and the existing V-shaped inclined plate sedimentation tank for the particles with the sizes is poor in sedimentation effect. However, the particle particles having a size of less than 5 μm are small, have a large specific surface area and have a large surface energy, and are liable to become carriers of organic substances and other harmful substances in water, thereby causing a more serious problem of water pollution.

Therefore, in view of the difficulty of better sedimentation removal of particles with a size of less than 5 μm in water in the existing sedimentation basin, there is an urgent need for improvement of the existing sedimentation basin to remove such particles to prevent pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a sedimentation basin which can remove particles in water, especially particles with a size less than 5 μm, well, and prevent the problems of water pollution and ultrafiltration membrane pores blockage caused by the particles in water.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the invention provides a sedimentation tank which is provided with an upper inclined area, a lower inclined area and a transition area between the upper inclined area and the lower inclined area, wherein the section area of the lower inclined area is smaller than that of the upper inclined area.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a sedimentation tank which is provided with an upper inclined area, a lower inclined area and a transition area between the upper inclined area and the lower inclined area, wherein the section area of the inclined plane of the lower inclined area is smaller than that of the inclined plane of the upper inclined area; the water flow flows upwards to enter the inclined region through the transition region, the design of the transition region is positioned between the inclined region and the inclined region, the deposited particles in the inclined region can slide to the transition region, the number of the particles in the transition region is increased, the concentration of the particles is effectively improved, the formation of a dynamic suspension layer is promoted, the most part of the dynamic suspension layer is the particles with the size of 5-8 mu m, the flowing small-size particles, especially the particles with the size smaller than 5 mu m, can be intercepted, adsorbed and the like, the small-size particles are deposited, the effect of improving the water quality is achieved, and the pollution to the ultrafiltration membrane can be effectively reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a settling tank of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the settling tank of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the flow rate of the water stream in the sedimentation tank of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the lower inclined plate in fig. 3 in a direction perpendicular thereto.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a sedimentation tank capable of well removing fine particles in water, particularly particles with the size of less than 5 mu m, and in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and clearer, the invention is further described in detail by referring to the attached drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It should be noted that the cross-sectional area of this embodiment refers to the maximum area through which the water to be treated flows.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the upper end of the sedimentation tank 1 is open and provided with an inner cavity (not shown), the sedimentation tank 1 is of a structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the sedimentation tank 1 is sequentially provided with a water distribution area 8, a downward inclined area 6, a transition area 5, an upward inclined area 4, a spacing area 9, a water retaining member 3 and a water storage tank 2 which are arranged side by side on the upper part of the sedimentation tank 1 from bottom to top. Because the upper inclined area 4, the transition area 5 and the lower inclined area 6 of the sedimentation tank 1 are sequentially arranged, the section area of the lower inclined area 6 is smaller than that of the upper inclined area 4, water to be sedimentated flows through the lower inclined area 6, the transition area 5 and the upper inclined area 4 in sequence, when a certain amount of water flows into the upper inclined area 4 with a larger section area from the lower inclined area 6 with a smaller section area, the flow velocity of the water flow is reduced, in addition, when the water flows through the inclined surfaces of the lower inclined area 6 and the upper inclined area 4, the water flow generates a velocity difference in the gravity direction, particles with different sizes can be removed, the particles with larger particle size are prevented from entering the transition area 5, and the sludge amount of the upper inclined area 4 is increased; the water flow flows upwards to enter the upper inclined area 4 through the transition area 5, the design of the transition area 5 is positioned between the upper inclined area 4 and the lower inclined area 6, the sludge in the upper inclined area 4 can slide to the transition area 5, the number of particles in the transition area 5 is increased, the concentration of the particles is effectively improved, the formation of a dynamic suspension layer is promoted, the most part of the dynamic suspension layer is the particles with the size of 5-8 mu m, the flowing small-size particles, particularly the particles with the size smaller than 5 mu m, can be intercepted, and the small-size particles are precipitated, so that the effect of improving the water quality of the outlet water is achieved, and the pollution to the ultrafiltration membrane can be effectively reduced.

Referring to fig. 3, the lower portion of the sedimentation tank 1 is provided with a water distribution area 8, and the width of the water distribution area 8 along the water flow direction is far smaller than the upper end opening of the sedimentation tank 1, so that the water distribution area 8 is shorter along the water flow direction, which can improve the uniform water distribution of the sedimentation tank 1 and solve the problem of poor particle removal effect caused by the non-uniform water distribution generated by the too large width of the existing water distribution area 8. The water distribution area 8 is provided with two water inlets 7, the number of the water inlets 7 can be one or more, the side wall of the water distribution area 8 of the present embodiment is two, the two water inlets 7 are close to the downward inclined area 6, preferably, the two water inlets 7 are preferably arranged in parallel, when the two water inlets 7 are arranged, the area of a region with a large flow rate in the transition area 5 is effectively increased, under the condition, more particle flocs with larger particle sizes are suspended in the region, the particle concentration of the suspension layer area is increased, the interception of the suspension layer to small-size particles is facilitated, and the removal effect of the precipitator 1 to small-size particles, especially particles with the size smaller than 5 μm, is improved.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, after water is uniformly distributed in the water distribution area 8, water flows through the lower inclined area 6, the transition area 5 and the upper inclined area 4, a plurality of upper flow channels 41 are arranged on the inclined surface of the upper inclined area 4, the cross-sectional area of the lower inclined area 6 is smaller than that of the upper inclined area 4, when a certain amount of water flows into the upper inclined area 4 with a larger cross-sectional area from the lower inclined area 6 with a smaller cross-sectional area, the water flow is reduced, and is beneficial to the staged precipitation of particles with different particle sizes in the water, a plurality of lower flow channels 61 are arranged on the inclined surface of the lower inclined area 6, the upper flow channels 41 and the lower flow channels 61 can be arranged in various ways, the upper flow channels 41 are arranged on the inclined surface of the upper inclined area 4 at a certain angle with the horizontal plane, the angle can be in the range of 0-90 degrees, and the angle range of the lower flow channels 61 is also 0-90 degrees. The upper flow channel 41 and the lower flow channel 61 can be formed by arranging plates, sheets and the like on the corresponding inclined surfaces, the upper flow channel 41 is formed by fixedly arranging an upper inclined plate 42 at intervals on the inclined surface of the upper inclined area 4, the lower flow channel 61 is formed by fixedly arranging a lower inclined plate 62 at intervals on the inclined surface of the lower inclined area 6, wherein the inclination angle of the upper flow channel 41 on the inclined surface of the upper inclined area 4 is smaller than that of the lower flow channel 61 on the inclined surface of the lower inclined area 6, the inclination angles of the upper flow channel 41 and the lower flow channel 61 can be determined, preferably, the inclination angle of the upper flow channel 41 on the inclined surface of the upper inclined area 4 and the horizontal plane can be 45 degrees, the inclination angle of the lower flow channel 61 on the inclined surface of the lower inclined area 6 and the horizontal plane can be 60 degrees, the inclination arrangement of the upper flow channel 41 and the lower flow channel 61 is favorable for the efficient precipitation of particles in water, the width of the upper flow channel 41 is smaller than that of the lower flow channel 61, the width of the lower flow channel 61 is large, can get rid of the great granule of partly size in aquatic, prevent that the big granule in aquatic from flowing into transition zone 5, in addition, the length of the inclined plane of declination district 6 is less than the inclined plane of upgradation district 4, makes the granule in the rivers that pass through upgradation district 4 fully precipitate and get into transition zone 5. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional areas of the water distribution region 8 and the declination region 6 are not changed, the cross-sectional area of the transition region 5 is gradually increased, the width of the transition region 5 is gradually increased, after the water flows from the water distribution region 8 with smaller width to the transition region 5, the flow velocity and the flow direction are changed due to the gradual increase of the width of the transition region 5, the flow velocity of the water near the side wall region is small, the flow velocity of the water in the middle region of the transition region 5 is larger than the flow velocities of the water in the side wall regions on both sides, the flow velocity of the water in the middle region of the transition region 5 is large so as to support the larger-sized particles in the water, so as to create a better hydraulic condition for forming a stable suspension layer, in fig. 5, a plurality of baffles (not shown) are arranged between the adjacent declination plates 62 of the declination region 6 to form a plurality of declination flow channels 63, a plurality of declination channels 63 are arranged between the adjacent declination plates 62 to form the declination channels 61, the lower V-shaped flow channel 63 arranged in the lower flow channel 61 is beneficial to the sedimentation of particles in water, and similarly, a plurality of baffles can be arranged between the adjacent upper inclined plates 42 of the upper inclined area 4 to form a plurality of upper V-shaped flow channels (not shown), and a plurality of upper V-shaped flow channels arranged between the adjacent upper inclined plates 42 of the upper inclined area 4 to form the upper flow channel 41.

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the flow velocity of water to be treated in the sedimentation tank 1, wherein the flow velocity B of water in the water distribution region 8 is variable, when the water just enters the water distribution region 8 through the water inlet 7 and the flow velocity B is maximum, then the water gradually decreases in the process of flowing to the downward inclined region 6 under the water distribution effect of the water distribution region 8, because the cross-sectional area of the water distribution region 8 is small, the water flowing into the inlet of the downward inclined region 6 is relatively uniform, and when the water flows through the inclined surface of the downward inclined region 6, the flow velocity C of water gradually decreases, the flow velocity of water in the transition region 5 is divided into two regions, and the region D with a larger flow velocity₁And a region of lesser flow velocity D₂When water flows from the declined region 6 into the transition region 5, a small amount of water hits the side walls of the transition region 5 andthe turning back forms a region D with smaller flow velocity₂Most of the water will flow directly through the transition zone 5 to form a zone D with a greater flow velocity₁In the region of higher flow velocity D₁A dynamic pressure area with larger pressure can be formed due to the area D with larger flow velocity₁The flow velocity is large, and the large-size particles can be supported, so that a good hydraulic condition is created for forming a stable suspension layer. Then, water flows into the upper inclined area 4, the flow rate E of the upper inclined area 4 gradually decreases to be beneficial to the precipitation of particles in water and particles in water, the precipitated particles fall into the transition area 5 to be beneficial to forming and stabilizing a suspension layer, then, the water flows into the spacing area 9, the flow rate F gradually decreases, and in a word, the flow rate of the water sequentially flowing through the water distribution area 8, the lower inclined area 6, the transition area 5, the upper inclined area 4 and the spacing area 9 is gradually decreased.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the compartment 9 of the sedimentation tank 1, the water blocking piece 3 and the reservoir 2 arranged side by side on the upper portion of the sedimentation tank 1, the water blocking piece 3 and the reservoir 2 are communicated, the blocking plate 21 is arranged between the water blocking piece 3 and the reservoir 2, the water blocking piece 3 is arranged on the blocking plate 21, the water blocking piece 3 can block the discharged water, the discharged water uniformity of the sedimentation tank 1 is facilitated, the structure of the water blocking piece 3 can be various forms, in the embodiment, the water blocking piece 3 adopts a perforated plate structure, and the upper portion of the sedimentation tank 1 is covered with a plurality of layers of perforated plates, so that the discharged water uniformity of the sedimentation tank 1 is realized, and the reservoir 2 is provided with a water outlet 22.

In this embodiment, the water to be precipitated enters the water distribution area 8 from the water inlet 7, and through the precipitation effect of the downward inclined area 6, particles with larger sizes in the water are removed, then the water flows into the transition area 5 and the upward inclined area 4, and under the precipitation effect of the upward inclined area 4, the precipitated particles move downward and return to the transition area 5, a dynamic suspension layer is formed in the transition area 5, the particles in the dynamic suspension layer have the effects of blocking, adsorbing and the like on the passing fine particles, so as to promote the precipitation of the fine particles in the water, especially the particles with the sizes smaller than 5 μm, and then the water with the small particles removed passes through the spacing area 9 and the water retaining piece 3 on the upper part of the sedimentation tank 1, so that the water is uniformly discharged from the outlet 22 of the water storage tank 2. Therefore, the invention utilizes the sedimentation rule of particles in water, realizes the staged and efficient removal of the particles with different particle diameters in the water by arranging different areas in the sedimentation tank 1, creatively generates a dynamic suspension layer to improve the removal effect of fine particles in the water, does not consume other energy in the removal process, and solves the problem of removing the fine particles in the water.

In addition, it should be emphasized that the sedimentation tank 1 of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned structure with an inner cavity and an upper opening, but the sedimentation tank 1 may be an open structure without an inner cavity, and the upper inclined area 4, the transition area 5 and the lower inclined area 6 are sequentially arranged, and other structures may be obtained by equivalent replacement by those skilled in the art.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A sedimentation tank is characterized in that the sedimentation tank is provided with an upper inclined area, a lower inclined area and a transition area between the upper inclined area and the lower inclined area, wherein the cross-sectional area of the lower inclined area is smaller than that of the upper inclined area;

the inclined surface of the upper inclined area is obliquely provided with a plurality of upper runners, and the inclined surface of the lower inclined area is obliquely provided with a plurality of lower runners;

the inclined surfaces of the upper inclined areas are provided with upper inclined plates at intervals to form the upper flow passages, and the inclined surfaces of the lower inclined areas are provided with lower inclined plates at intervals to form the lower flow passages;

the angle between the upper runner and the horizontal plane is smaller than that between the lower runner and the horizontal plane;

the width of the upper runner is smaller than that of the lower runner.

2. The sedimentation tank claimed in claim 1, wherein the sedimentation tank is open at an upper end thereof and is provided with an inner cavity, and the inclined upper region, the inclined lower region and the transition region are provided in the inner cavity.

3. A sedimentation tank according to claim 2, wherein a water distribution area is provided in a lower part of the sedimentation tank, and the width of the water distribution area in the water flow direction is much smaller than the opening.

4. A sedimentation tank as claimed in claim 3, wherein the side wall of the water distribution region is provided with two water inlets at intervals in the up-down direction.

5. A sedimentation tank according to claim 4, wherein the cross-sectional area of the transition zone increases progressively.

6. The sedimentation tank claimed in claim 2, wherein a water blocking member and a water outlet are provided side by side at an upper portion of the sedimentation tank, the water blocking member and the water outlet being in communication.