CN110313291B - Carbon-nitrogen ratio balanced fertilization method - Google Patents
Carbon-nitrogen ratio balanced fertilization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110313291B CN110313291B CN201910758710.3A CN201910758710A CN110313291B CN 110313291 B CN110313291 B CN 110313291B CN 201910758710 A CN201910758710 A CN 201910758710A CN 110313291 B CN110313291 B CN 110313291B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon-nitrogen ratio balanced fertilization method, which comprises the following steps: 1) measuring the organic matter content of the soil, and determining a basic C/N value according to the organic matter content; 2) finely adjusting the basic C/N value according to a carbon-nitrogen ratio three-dimensional control model; 3) the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, secondary elements and trace elements are matched according to the traditional fertilization balance theory; 4) preparing an organic fertilizer according to the finely adjusted C/N value, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, secondary elements and trace elements; 5) and (6) fertilizing. Compared with a transmission fertilization method, the method has the advantages that the carbon-nitrogen ratio balance of the soil is preferentially considered, the reproductive growth and the vegetative growth of the plants are balanced by combining the horticultural management, the fertility of the soil is improved and guaranteed, and the healthy growth and development of the plants are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sampling devices, in particular to a carbon-nitrogen ratio balance fertilization method.
Background
The existing fertilization technologies are divided into three main categories: chemical synthetic fertilizer planting technology, chemical synthetic fertilizer + organic matter planting technology and organic planting technology.
1. The core technology of a chemical synthetic fertilizer planting and fertilizing mode comprises the following steps: according to the mineral nutrition theory of Leubixi of German chemist in 1840, only mineral nutrition supply is considered, balance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is considered primarily, supplement of organic matters is not considered, important action of carbon element is not considered, so that organic fertility and physical fertility of soil are reduced, soil hardening is caused, the problem of circulation and balance of two most critical elements of carbon and nitrogen in natural life is not considered, the carbon element is mistakenly considered to be supplied indirectly through photosynthesis without human supply, in fact, in most cases, the supply of carbon far reaches plant requirements, carbon and nitrogen nutrition of crops is unbalanced, stress resistance is poor, diseases and insect pests are high, yield is not increased along with increase of fertilizers, and the yield is reduced. The quality and the taste of crops are reduced due to carbon deficiency, the stress resistance of the crops is reduced due to carbon deficiency and carbon-nitrogen ratio imbalance, and the quality safety problem of agricultural products is caused by using a large amount of chemical pesticides, so that the input-output ratio is very low.
2. The core technology of a chemical synthesis fertilizer and organic matter planting fertilization mode is as follows: because of the discovery of serious defects of pure chemical planting, people begin to supplement organic matters, although the speed of soil hardening reduction is slowed down, the problem of balance between carbon in the organic matters and nitrogen in all fertilizers is still not considered, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is unbalanced in most cases, the stress resistance of crops is poor, the number of plant diseases and insect pests is large, and the using amount of pesticides is large; the vegetative growth and reproductive growth are unbalanced, and the yield is low; the input and output are lower.
3. The organic planting fertilization mode core technology comprises the following steps: the organic planting completely abandons the chemical synthesis fertilizer, only can use natural fertilizer input products of plant sources, animal sources, mineral sources, biological sources and food sources, solves the problems of soil hardening and continuous decline of soil fertility and the quality safety of agricultural products, is the balance between mineral elements and organic matters in the nature of determining the balance, does not quantize the balance, does not consider the carbon-nitrogen ratio balance problem, is unbalanced in carbon-nitrogen ratio in most cases, reduces the stress resistance of crops, has higher pest damage, and has high organic planting cost and extremely high risk because the organic planting does not allow the use of chemical pesticides; in addition, the balance between reproductive growth and vegetative growth is unstable due to the fact that carbon-nitrogen ratio balance is not considered, crop yield cannot be guaranteed, organic planting cost is high, organic agricultural products are high in price, consumption crowds are limited, and rapid popularization is difficult to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical defects, the invention aims to provide a carbon-nitrogen ratio balance fertilization method, which solves the problems in the background art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a carbon-nitrogen ratio balanced fertilization method, which comprises the following steps:
1) measuring the organic matter and total nitrogen content of the soil, determining a basic C/N value according to the numerical values of carbon and total nitrogen in the soil, wherein the altitude is less than 200 m, the sunshine is more than 250 days, and the corresponding relation between the organic matter content and the basic C/N value is shown in a table 1;
2) finely adjusting the basic C/N value according to a carbon-nitrogen ratio three-dimensional control model;
3) the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, secondary elements and trace elements are matched according to the traditional fertilization balance theory;
4) preparing an organic fertilizer according to the finely adjusted C/N value, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, secondary elements and trace elements;
5) and (6) fertilizing.
Preferably, the determination of the soil organic matter in the step 1) adopts a GB9834-1988 soil organic matter determination method, the accounting index of carbon in the soil organic matter adopts small molecular organic carbon, and the determination of total nitrogen in the soil adopts a GB7173-1987 soil total nitrogen determination method.
Preferably, the three-dimensional control model of the carbon-nitrogen ratio is as follows: determining and regulating the carbon-nitrogen ratio of fertilization according to three dimensions of soil organic matter, altitude and sunshine duration; on the basis of table 1, the basal C/N ratio increases by 0.01 for every 100 meters of elevation; the base value increases by 0.1 every 50 days of reduction in the number of sunshine.
Table 1:
| organic matter (mass percent) | Basic C/N |
| About 1 percent | 1 |
| ≥2％ | 0.5 |
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the yield and the quality of crops are improved; 2. the stress resistance of crops is improved, the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced, and the using amount of pesticides is reduced; 3. the use amount of chemical fertilizer is reduced; 4. the biological fertility, the physical fertility and the chemical fertility of the soil are improved, and the soil is improved; 5. the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air is reduced, and the air is purified; 6. the cost of organic planting and the risk of pest prevention and control are reduced; 7. the input-output ratio of the planting industry is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A carbon-nitrogen ratio balance fertilization method comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) measuring the content of soil organic matters by adopting a GB9834-1988 soil organic matter measuring method, measuring the total nitrogen content of the soil by using micromolecular organic carbon (carbon-containing organic matters with the molecular particle size of below 650 nanometers) as a calculation index of carbon in the soil organic matters and using a GB7173-1987 soil total nitrogen measuring method (a half-micro Kelvin method), and determining a basic C/N value;
2) finely adjusting the basic C/N value according to a carbon-nitrogen ratio three-dimensional control model;
3) the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, secondary elements and trace elements are matched according to the traditional fertilization balance theory;
4) preparing an organic fertilizer according to the finely adjusted C/N value, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, secondary elements and trace elements;
5) and (6) fertilizing.
Further, the three-dimensional control model of the carbon-nitrogen ratio is as follows: and determining and regulating the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the fertilizer application according to three dimensions of soil organic matter, altitude and sunshine duration.
For example, in Guiyang A round, the soil organic matter was 2, the elevation was 1250 meters, and the sunshine duration was 90 days, the carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N was 0.5+0.5 (1250-
＝0.5+0.052+0.16＝0.712
For example, Guiyang B round, where the soil organic matter is 1, with an altitude of 1400 m, and the sunshine duration is 90 days, the carbon-nitrogen ratio C/N +1 [ (1400) -200)/100 ] + (0.01 + 1) [ (250-90)/50 ]) is adopted
＝1+0.12+0.32＝1.44
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (2)
1. A carbon-nitrogen ratio balance fertilization method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) measuring the organic matter and total nitrogen content of the soil, and determining a basic C/N value;
2) finely adjusting the basic C/N value according to a carbon-nitrogen ratio three-dimensional control model;
3) the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, secondary elements and trace elements are matched according to the traditional fertilization balance theory;
4) preparing an organic fertilizer according to the finely adjusted C/N value, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, secondary elements and trace elements;
5) fertilizing;
the carbon-nitrogen ratio three-dimensional control model is as follows: the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the fertilizer is determined and regulated according to three dimensions of soil organic matter, altitude and sunshine hours, the altitude is below 200 m, the sunshine is above 250 days, and the corresponding relation between the organic matter content and the basic C/N value is as follows: when the soil organic matter is about 1%, the basic C/N is 1, and when the soil organic matter is more than or equal to 2%, the basic C/N is 0.5; the basic C/N ratio is increased by 0.01 time when the elevation is increased by 100 meters; the basal C/N ratio increased 0.1 times for every 50 days of reduction in sunshine hours.
2. The carbon-nitrogen ratio balanced fertilization method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the determination of soil organic matter in step 1) is carried out by using GB9834-1988 soil organic matter determination method, the calculation index of carbon in soil organic matter is small molecular organic carbon, and the determination of total nitrogen in soil is carried out by using GB7173-1987 soil total nitrogen determination method.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102057827A (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2011-05-18 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for maintaining sustainable production capacity of greenhouse vegetable soils |
| CN103324851A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-09-25 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Method for controlling farmland soil nitrogen non-point source pollution with carbon |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102057827A (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2011-05-18 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for maintaining sustainable production capacity of greenhouse vegetable soils |
| CN103324851A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-09-25 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Method for controlling farmland soil nitrogen non-point source pollution with carbon |
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Effective date of registration: 20220427 Address after: 550200 dormitory of industry and Commerce Bureau, 32 Cuiping East Road, Xiuwen County, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province Patentee after: Guizhou kelabi Plant Nutrition Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 550000 No. 2, unit 1, No. 30, Ci'an lane, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province Patentee before: Zhang Hu |