CN110311582A - A kind of model predictive control method and system of three-level inverter - Google Patents
A kind of model predictive control method and system of three-level inverter Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
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- H02J3/385—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
- H02M7/53875—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with analogue control of three-phase output
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of model predictive control method of three-level inverter and systems, comprising: sets the output watt current given value of photovoltaic combining inverter, the given value of reactive current is set as zero;By dq/ α β coordinate transform, the reference current under the output dq coordinate system of photovoltaic combining inverter is converted to the reference value of the electric current under α β coordinate system;According to the topological structure of three-level inverter, mathematical model of the three-level inverter under α β rest frame is obtained;Based on the mathematical model, the reference value of inverter leg output voltage is obtained according to the reference value of the electric current under α β coordinate system;It is selected from the novel voltage vector of finite aggregate space by cost function and the immediate space voltage vector of inverter leg output voltage reference value, for controlling the state of each switching tube in next switch periods, the control of three-level inverter ac-side current is realized.The present invention is able to solve the big problem of photovoltaic generating system low efficiency, exchange side harmonic current THD.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the model prediction controls of double MPPT technical field of photovoltaic power generation more particularly to a kind of three-level inverter
Method and system processed.
Background technique
Only there is provided background technical informations related to the present invention for the statement of this part, it is not necessary to so constitute first skill
Art.
In recent years, increasingly sharpening with energy crisis, renewable energy is rapidly developed.The light in renewable energy
Volt power generation makes it have huge development potentiality due to the advantages such as its rich reserves, widely distributed.Report statistics, the whole nation in 2018
44,260,000 kilowatts of photovoltaic power generation adding new capacity, adds up grid connection capacity up to 1.74 hundred million kilowatts, account for about power supply total installed capacity 9%.Make
For the interface of photovoltaic generator and power grid, inverter is the key that the reliable and stable operation of photovoltaic generating system.
In photovoltaic generating system, T-type three-level inverter is due to the filter that small with harmonic wave, output level is more, needs
The advantages such as inductance is small and be used widely.
But T-type three-level inverter is applied in photovoltaic generating system, conventional model PREDICTIVE CONTROL assumes upper lateral capacitance
Voltage and downside capacitance voltage are equal, therefore it is big to there is a problem that ac-side current distorts.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes the model predictive control method and system of a kind of three-level inverter,
It can be improved system output waveform quality, improve the security and stability and high efficiency of photovoltaic generating system;Meanwhile the model of proposition
PREDICTIVE CONTROL does not need modulation module, has the advantages such as calculation amount is small, has very high practical value.
In some embodiments, it adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of model predictive control method of three-level inverter, comprising:
The output watt current given value of photovoltaic combining inverter is set, the given value of reactive current is set as zero;
By dq/ α β coordinate transform, the reference current under the output dq coordinate system of photovoltaic combining inverter is converted into α β
The reference value of electric current under coordinate system;
According to the topological structure of three-level inverter, mathematical modulo of the three-level inverter under α β rest frame is obtained
Type;
Based on the mathematical model, inverter leg output voltage is obtained according to the reference value of the electric current under α β coordinate system
Reference value;
It is selected from the novel voltage vector of finite aggregate space and inverter leg output voltage reference value by cost function
Immediate space voltage vector realizes tri-level inversion for controlling the state of each switching tube in next switch periods
The control of device ac-side current.
In other embodiments, it adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of model predictive control system of three-level inverter, comprising:
For setting the module of the given value of active given value of current value and reactive current;
For by dq/ α β coordinate transform, the reference current under dq coordinate system to be converted to the electric current under α β coordinate system
The module of reference value;
For the topological structure according to three-level inverter, mathematics of the three-level inverter under α β rest frame is obtained
The module of model;
For being based on the mathematical model, inverter leg output electricity is obtained according to the reference value of the electric current under α β coordinate system
The module of the reference value of pressure;
For being selected from finite aggregate space voltage vector and inverter leg output voltage reference value by cost function
Immediate space voltage vector realizes tri-level inversion for controlling the state of each switching tube in next switch periods
The module of the control of device ac-side current.
In other embodiments, it adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of terminal device comprising processor and computer readable storage medium, processor is for realizing each instruction;Meter
For calculation machine readable storage medium storing program for executing for storing a plurality of instruction, described instruction is inverse suitable for being loaded by processor and executing three above-mentioned level
Become the model predictive control method of device.
In other embodiments, it adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of computer readable storage medium, wherein being stored with a plurality of instruction, described instruction is suitable for by terminal device
Reason device loads and executes the model predictive control method of above-mentioned three-level inverter.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, novel model prediction solves the problems, such as that ac-side current distortion and DC voltage are unbalanced simultaneously, realizes
The coupled problem of ac-side current distortion and the control of DC side midpoint current imbalance.
2, given voltage vector is calculated by DC bus capacitor unbalance voltage, and given voltage vector is sent to value
In function, optimal voltage vector is found, avoids that grid-connected current harmonic wave caused by small vector, middle vector, big vector is big to ask
Topic.
3, the New model PREDICTIVE CONTROL proposed does not need current inner loop and neutral balance control, simplifies cost function
With the complexity of current inner loop design.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is in embodiment one based on the photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram that three-level inverter is AC/DC interface converter;
Fig. 2 is T-type 3 level space vector figure in embodiment one;
Fig. 3 is three-level inverter New model PREDICTIVE CONTROL block diagram in embodiment one;
Fig. 4 is the grid-connected current waveform based on model predictive control method in embodiment one;
Fig. 5 is the line voltage waveform based on model predictive control method in embodiment one.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms that the present invention uses have logical with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings understood.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
Embodiment one
In one or more embodiments, a kind of model predictive control method of three-level inverter, this reality are disclosed
The research object for applying example is T-type three-level inverter in photovoltaic generating system.In order to make photovoltaic generator provide function more as far as possible
Rate, no specified otherwise, T-type three-level inverter operates in unity power factor in the present embodiment.
It is as shown in Figure 1 based on the photovoltaic generating system that three-level inverter is AC/DC interface converter, comprising: photovoltaic electric
Pond plate, three level grid-connected inverters and utility network.
The main circuit topology of T-type three-level inverter includes: filter L1;Equivalent resistance in filter is R1;12 are opened
Close pipe Sa1, Sa2, Sa3, Sa4, Sb1, Sb2, Sb3, Sb4, Sc1, Sc2, Sc3, Sc4And DC side filter capacitor Cp, Cn.About switching tube
Driving strategy: in each phase every two switching tube have opposite switching drive signal, improve switching signal control essence
Degree.
DC side uses double cell plate, and each piece of solar panel all realizes maximal power tracing.
The present embodiment mainly studies three level grid-connected inverter parts, and three-level inverter operates in unity power factor.
For the New model forecast Control Algorithm that three-level inverter proposes, it is able to solve photovoltaic generating system low efficiency, exchange side
Harmonic current THD big problem.
The main control object of exchange side is the ac-side current of system.Control target are as follows:
(1) ac-side current: realize that ac-side current actual value tracks given value;Elimination ac-side current distortion is big to ask
Topic;
It exchanges side and uses novel Model Predictive Control, detailed process is for example as shown in Figure 3:
(1) the given i of setting electric current watt currentd *, to guarantee that T-type three-level inverter is run with unity power factor,
The given value i of reactive currentq *It is set as zero.The current reference value under α β rest frame is obtained by dq/ α β coordinate transform.
(2) according to the topological structure feature of three-level inverter, three-level inverter is obtained under α β rest frame
Mathematical model.And then the reference value of inverter leg output voltage is obtained according to reference current.
(3) an optimal space voltage vector is selected from finite aggregate space voltage vector according to objective function, this
Optimal space voltage vector realizes the control of ac-side current for controlling 12 switching tube states in next switch periods
System.
In order to realize the novel model predictive control method of the present embodiment proposition, need to T-type three-level inverter
27 space voltage vectors are analyzed.
By the study found that finding small vector, the big vector meeting of middle vector sum according to the relationship of switch state and voltage vector
Cause the increase of grid-connected current, it is therefore desirable to recalculate voltage vector.
By recalculating voltage vector, it is abnormal that ac-side current caused by small vector, the big vector of middle vector sum can be eliminated
Change problem.
The present embodiment control method is described in detail below.
According to the three-level topology structure of Fig. 1, the KVL voltage equation of VT type three-level inverter can be obtained are as follows:
Wherein, L1It is the inductance and resistance of photovoltaic combining inverter with R1;ia、ib、icRespectively grid-connected photovoltaic system
A, the grid-connected current of B, C three-phase;uu、uv、uwThe respectively network voltage of grid-connected photovoltaic system A, B, C three-phase;vaO、vbO、
vcOThe respectively output voltage of grid-connected photovoltaic system A, B, C three-phase.Figure 4 and figure 5 respectively show grid-connected current waveform and
Output line voltage waveform.
Formula (1) is passed through into 3S/2S coordinate transform, obtains mathematical model of the three-level inverter under α β coordinate system are as follows:
By formula (2) discretization, and consider the delay for sampling and controlling simultaneously in order to be further simplified calculation amount, discretization
Model are as follows:
The output of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is watt current given value id *, the given value i of reactive currentq *It is set as zero.Dq coordinate
Reference current under system obtains the reference value of the electric current under α β coordinate system by dq/ α β coordinate transformTo simplify the calculation,
It enablesIt is brought into formula (3) and obtains the reference value of inverter output voltage
By cost function select withImmediate space voltage vector vαβ(k+1), for controlling
(k+1) in the period switching tube state, realize the control target of system.
In order to simplify the adjusting of calculating and weight coefficient, the cost function of definition are as follows:
In Fig. 1, defines bridge arm output voltage and output state relationship is as follows:
There are three types of output state P, O, N for the three every phase bridge arms of level T-type three-level inverter, so three-phase bridge arm shares 27
Space voltage vector.The space voltage vector of three-phase tri-level inverter is as shown in Figure 2.27 space voltage vectors are divided into big arrow
Amount, middle vector, small vector and zero vector.
I contravarianter voltage vector of table
By table I it can be seen that having 12 small vectors, six middle vectors, six big vector that can bring system voltage vector
Variation needs to reduce influence of the voltage vector to output electric current using novel vector combination method.Formula (6) is brought into
Into table I, the corresponding voltage vector of table I is sent in cost function, obtains the smallest vector of cost function, and its is defeated
Out.
Embodiment two
In one or more embodiments, a kind of model predictive control system of three-level inverter is disclosed, comprising:
For setting the module of the given value of active given value of current value and reactive current;
For by dq/ α β coordinate transform, the reference current under dq coordinate system to be converted to the electric current under α β coordinate system
The module of reference value;
For the topological structure according to three-level inverter, mathematics of the three-level inverter under α β rest frame is obtained
The module of model;
For being based on the mathematical model, inverter leg output electricity is obtained according to the reference value of the electric current under α β coordinate system
The module of the reference value of pressure;
For being selected from finite aggregate space voltage vector and inverter leg output voltage reference value by cost function
Immediate space voltage vector realizes tri-level inversion for controlling the state of each switching tube in next switch periods
The module of the control of device ac-side current.
Embodiment three
In one or more embodiments, a kind of terminal device, including server are disclosed, the server includes depositing
Reservoir, processor and storage on a memory and the computer program that can run on a processor, described in the processor execution
The model predictive control method of the three-level inverter in embodiment one is realized when program.For sake of simplicity, details are not described herein.
It should be understood that processor can be central processing unit CPU, and processor can also be that other are general in the present embodiment
Processor, digital signal processor DSP, application-specific integrated circuit ASIC, ready-made programmable gate array FPGA or other are programmable
Logical device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components etc..General processor can be microprocessor or
The processor is also possible to any conventional processor etc..
Memory may include read-only memory and random access memory, and provides instruction and data to processor, deposits
The a part of of reservoir can also include non-volatile RAM.For example, memory can be with the information of storage device type.
During realization, each step of the above method can by the integrated logic circuit of the hardware in processor or
The instruction of software form is completed.
The model predictive control method of three-level inverter in embodiment one can be embodied directly in hardware processor and hold
Row complete, or in processor hardware and software module combine execute completion.Software module can be located at random access memory,
This fields such as flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, register maturation
In storage medium.The storage medium is located at memory, and processor reads the information in memory, completes above-mentioned side in conjunction with its hardware
The step of method.To avoid repeating, it is not detailed herein.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of model predictive control method of three-level inverter characterized by comprising
The output watt current given value of photovoltaic combining inverter is set, the given value of reactive current is set as zero;
By dq/ α β coordinate transform, the reference current under the output dq coordinate system of photovoltaic combining inverter is converted into α β coordinate
The reference value of electric current under system;
According to the topological structure of three-level inverter, mathematical model of the three-level inverter under α β rest frame is obtained;
Based on the mathematical model, the reference of inverter leg output voltage is obtained according to the reference value of the electric current under α β coordinate system
Value;
It is selected from the novel voltage vector of finite aggregate space by cost function and is most connect with inverter leg output voltage reference value
Close space voltage vector realizes that three-level inverter is handed over for controlling the state of each switching tube in next switch periods
Flow the control of side electric current.
2. a kind of model predictive control method of three-level inverter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that three level are inverse
Become mathematical model of the device under α β rest frame specifically:
The KVL voltage equation of three-level inverter is passed through into 3S/2S coordinate transform, obtains three-level inverter under α β coordinate system
Mathematical model:
Wherein, L1It is the inductance and resistance of photovoltaic combining inverter with R1;iα、iβ、uα、uβ、vα、vβRespectively parallel network power generation
Grid-connected current of the system under α β rest frame, network voltage, output voltage.
3. a kind of model predictive control method of three-level inverter as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that by three level
Mathematical model discretization of the inverter under α β coordinate system, the mathematical model after obtaining discretization, specifically:
Wherein, vα(k+1)、vβ(k+1)、uα(k+1)、uβ(k+1)、iα(k+1)、iβIt (k+1) is respectively grid-connected photovoltaic system
In the output voltage, network voltage and grid-connected current at (k+1) moment, T under α β rest framesTo control the period.
4. a kind of model predictive control method of three-level inverter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that sat according to α β
The reference value of electric current under mark system obtains the reference value of inverter leg output voltage, specifically:
Wherein,The reference value of inverter output voltage respectively under α β rest frame,Point
It Wei not current reference value under α β coordinate system.
5. a kind of model predictive control method of three-level inverter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that pass through value
Function selected from finite aggregate space voltage vector with the immediate space voltage vector of inverter leg output voltage reference value,
Specifically:
Define bridge arm output voltage and output state relationship:
Wherein, vJO (j=a, b, c)For bridge arm output voltage, VP、VNFor upside capacitance voltage and downside capacitance voltage.
There are three types of output state P, O, N for the every phase bridge arm of three-level inverter, so three-phase bridge arm shares 27 space voltage vectors,
Obtain inverter novel voltage vector table;
Bridge arm output voltage is matched with output state relationship with inverter novel voltage vector table, the voltage that will be matched
Vector is sent in cost function, is obtained so that the smallest vector of cost function, as refers to inverter leg output voltage
It is worth immediate space voltage vector.
6. a kind of model predictive control method of three-level inverter as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the value
Function specifically:
7. a kind of model predictive control method of three-level inverter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that three level are inverse
Becoming every two switching tube in the every phase bridge arm of device has opposite switching drive signal.
8. a kind of model predictive control system of three-level inverter characterized by comprising
For setting the module of the given value of active given value of current value and reactive current;
For by dq/ α β coordinate transform, the reference current under dq coordinate system to be converted to the reference of the electric current under α β coordinate system
The module of value;
For the topological structure according to three-level inverter, mathematical model of the three-level inverter under α β rest frame is obtained
Module;
For being based on the mathematical model, inverter leg output voltage is obtained according to the reference value of the electric current under α β coordinate system
The module of reference value;
It is most connect for being selected from finite aggregate space voltage vector by cost function with inverter leg output voltage reference value
Close space voltage vector realizes that three-level inverter is handed over for controlling the state of each switching tube in next switch periods
Flow the module of the control of side electric current.
9. a kind of terminal device comprising processor and computer readable storage medium, processor is for realizing each instruction;It calculates
Machine readable storage medium storing program for executing is for storing a plurality of instruction, which is characterized in that described instruction is suitable for by processor load and perform claim
It is required that the model predictive control method of the described in any item three-level inverters of 1-7.
10. a kind of computer readable storage medium, wherein being stored with a plurality of instruction, which is characterized in that described instruction was suitable for by end
The processor load of end equipment and the Model Predictive Control side of the perform claim requirement described in any item three-level inverters of 1-7
Method.
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Cited By (7)
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CN112383239A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-19 | 陕西科技大学 | Model prediction method, system, device and storage medium with multi-level inverter |
CN112803726A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-14 | 江苏海事职业技术学院 | Efficient control strategy capable of dealing with ship hybrid power electric energy converter |
CN112910295A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-06-04 | 山东大学 | Zero-time-delay multi-vector model prediction control method for three-phase multi-level inverter |
CN113270888A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-08-17 | 厦门理工学院 | Control method, device and equipment for three-phase grid-connected inverter dynamic matrix |
CN113271028A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-08-17 | 山东大学 | Prediction control method for reconstructing neutral point balance of topology after three-level inverter fault |
CN114844115A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-08-02 | 浙江大学 | Photovoltaic converter network construction control method and device based on model predictive control |
CN117614300A (en) * | 2024-01-23 | 2024-02-27 | 苏州大学 | Continuous model predictive control method for T-type three-level three-phase four-bridge arm inverter |
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