CN110311388A - Control method for frequency of virtual plant based on distributed projection subgradient algorithm - Google Patents
Control method for frequency of virtual plant based on distributed projection subgradient algorithm Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/008—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks involving trading of energy or energy transmission rights
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of control method for frequency of virtual plant based on distributed projection subgradient algorithm, including, it is first determined one or more of relational expression: the cost of electricity-generating function of distributed generation unit, the micro- increasing function of cost of electricity-generating of i-th distributed generation unit, the active power export-restriction constraint of distributed generation unit, the communication coefficient matrix between distributed generation unit；It is then based on determining above-mentioned relation formula, to progress primary frequency modulation control between the distributed generation unit in the virtual plant.Control method for frequency makes full use of the characteristics of distributed projection subgradient algorithm, realizes the primary frequency modulation of virtual plant, while stable frequency, can be realized the optimization of cost of electricity-generating and renewable energy utilization rate.
Description
Technical field
It is the invention belongs to Operation of Electric Systems and control technology field, in particular to a kind of based on distributed projection subgradient
Control method for frequency of virtual plant of method.
Background technique
In recent years, distribution type renewable energy power generation experienced the operation side for quickly increasing and changing conventional electrical distribution net
The problem of formula, more and more regions are faced with high permeability renewable energy power generation.However, random due to its own
Property, high permeability distributed power generation may cause the serious disturbance of system, and bring significant challenge to the operation of power distribution network.This
Outside, most of photovoltaics and wind-powered electricity generation pass through electronic power inverter or asynchronous machine is grid-connected, since its frequency and external system are complete
Full decoupling, therefore a series of problems, such as will seriously reduce system inertia, and lead to power mismatch and frequency fluctuation
Coordinate to power using distributed generation resource to local load, and active response system command, virtual plant is distribution
Power generation and consumption provide new approach.Virtual plant can be considered as by distributed power generation, energy storage, load and control equipment
The cluster of composition may be simultaneously present traditional energy and renewable energy power generation mode.Using advanced control and operation reserve,
Virtual plant can be organized thus to promote energy efficiency, provide ancillary service, and participate in the marketing activity for autonomous system.Virtually
Power plant cooperates with optimization with electric system usually with the operation of autonomous entity.It, can by coordinating the distributed generation resource in virtual plant
To be obviously improved system reliability and power quality.Traditionally, in order to maintain power-balance and frequency stabilization, the fortune of virtual plant
Three layers of control framework can be used in row control.Wherein a secondary control usually passes through sagging control realization, and action time scale is very short,
Aim at the pro rate for maintaining power-balance and realizing power.It is set by regulation power, when the effect of secondary control
Between scale it is slightly long, and the frequency departure as caused by a secondary control can be made up.In top layer, three secondary controls formulate generation schedule in length
Time scale realizes economic load dispatching.
The centralized control method being widely used at present is realized virtual by Centralized Controller and whole Distributed Power Communications
The coordinated operation of power plant.Due to communication network complexity, centralized strategy may meet with many technological challenges, such as communication delay
Problem and Single Point of Faliure problem.In addition, any variation of system structure all will lead in Centralized Controller Controlling model again
Building.And the problems such as sagging control is coordinated due to lacking, and that there is also power distributions is non-optimal, bad dynamic performance.Therefore, real-time
Optimal power allocation should be accounted in control process, be based on multi-agent system technology, believed on a small quantity by sparse communication interaction
Breath, so that the problem of realizing secondary frequencies control based on distributed AC servo system is urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of one secondary frequencies of virtual plant based on distributed projection subgradient algorithm
The characteristics of control method, this method makes full use of distributed projection subgradient algorithm, realizes cost of electricity-generating and renewable energy benefit
With the optimization of rate.
A kind of control method for frequency of virtual plant based on distributed projection subgradient algorithm, including,
A1, one or more of relational expression is determined:
The cost of electricity-generating function of distributed generation unit, i-th distributed generation unit the micro- increasing function of cost of electricity-generating, point
Communication coefficient matrix between the active power export-restriction constraint of cloth generator unit, distributed generation unit；
A2, based on determining above-mentioned relation formula, it is primary to being carried out between the distributed generation unit in the virtual plant
Frequency modulation control:
A21, setting frequency modulation step number k, calculate distributed generation unit tiny increment estimated value；
Distributed generation unit in A22, virtual plant measures local frequency；
A23, any distributed generation unit in electric topology with other distributed generation units for being directly connected
Exchange the tiny increment estimated value walked in kth；
Distributed generation unit in A24, virtual plant calculates local subgradient direction, wherein
The subgradient direction d of i-th distributed generation unitiIt (k) is by i-th distributed generation unit to jth platform point
The estimated value d of cloth generator unit subgradient componentij(k) the m dimensional vector constituted, dij(k) value are as follows:
dij(k)=K (fi(k)-fi(k-1))+2ajxij(k)+bj
Wherein, K indicates step-size factor, fi(k) the local frequency walked for i-th distributed generation unit in kth, fi(k-1)
Local frequency for i-th distributed generation unit in -1 step of kth, xijIt (k) is i-th distributed generation unit to jth platform point
The kth of cloth generator unit optimal power generation slight increase in cost walks estimated value, aj、bjFor jth platform distributed generation unit cost function
Coefficient；
Distributed generation unit in A25, virtual plant is performed both by local subgradient iteration, calculates micro- increasing of+1 step of kth
Rate estimated value, wherein
I-th distributed generation unit local subgradient iteration formula such as following formula:
Wherein, α is subgradient iteration step-length, and value range is 0.1~10；NiIndicate all and i-th distributed power generation
The indexed set for the distributed generation unit that unit is connected directly；μijIt is sent out for i-th distributed generation unit and jth platform distribution
Communication coefficient between electric unit；xj(k) the tiny increment estimated value walked for jth platform distributed generation unit in kth；diIt (k) is the
The subgradient direction of i platform distributed generation unit；
Distributed generation unit in A26, virtual plant is performed both by local project, wherein calculates in step A25
If the tiny increment estimated value of+1 step of kth have exceeded active power export-restriction constraint, by micro- increasing of+1 step of kth
The value of element in rate estimated value is limited to the active power export-restriction and constrains on defined boundary；
Distributed generation unit in A27, virtual plant is all in accordance with new micro- increasing estimated value adjustment active power output；
A28, judge whether the frequency variation between two step iteration meets fi(k+1)-fi(k) < ε, wherein ε is less than 0.01
Positive real number, if meeting fi(k+1)-fi(k) < ε is transferred to step A29；Otherwise, k=k+1 is enabled, step A21 is returned to；
A29, a frequency control process terminate.
Further, the step A1 is specifically included,
Based on the cost of electricity-generating and active power output of i-th distributed generation unit, distributed generation unit is established
Cost of electricity-generating function:
Ci(Pi)=aiPi 2+biPi+ci (1)
Wherein, CiIndicate the cost of electricity-generating of i-th distributed generation unit, PiIndicate having for i-th distributed generation unit
Function power output, i are arbitrary integer, ai、bi、ciIt is secondary in the cost of electricity-generating function of respectively i-th distributed generation unit
The coefficient of item, first order and constant term；
To formula (1) derivation, the micro- increasing function of cost of electricity-generating of i-th distributed generation unit is obtained:
xi(Pi)=2aiPi+bi
Wherein, xiIndicate the cost of electricity-generating tiny increment of i-th distributed generation unit.
Further, the distributed generation unit includes distributed generation resource and distributed energy storage system, wherein
The distributed generation resource is included power generator using traditional fossil energy as non-renewable energy, is made with renewable energy
For the power generator of non-renewable energy.
Further, the distributed generation resource and distributed energy storage system, the coefficient a in the formula (1) are based oni、bi、ci
Following different value mode is taken respectively:
1-1) the power generator for pth platform using traditional fossil energy as non-renewable energy, apValue is 0.01~1, bpIt takes
Value is 0.1~5, cpValue is 5~100；
1-2) the power generator for q platform using renewable energy as non-renewable energy, cost of electricity-generating function coefficients aq、
bq、cqDepending on following formula:
Wherein, Pq maxIndicate that the maximum of power generator of the q platform using renewable energy as non-renewable energy can be held with power generation
Amount；
1-3) for r platform distributed energy storage system, brValue is 0, a when distributed energy storage system is in discharge conditionr
Value is 0.02~1, a when being in charged staterValue is 0.01~0.5, crValue is 5~100.
Further, the active power export-restriction of the distributed generation unit, which constrains, includes,
2-1) for the power generator using traditional fossil energy as non-renewable energy, the upper limit of active power output is constrained
It is set as the maximum power generation of equipment permission, lower limit constraint is set as the least work kept required for maintaining equipment to disembark
Rate, constraint expression formula are as follows:
Pp min≤Pp≤Pp max
Wherein, Pp minAnd Pp maxRespectively indicate the active of power generator of the pth platform using traditional fossil energy as non-renewable energy
The lower and upper limit of power output constrain, and p is positive integer；
2-2) for the power generator using renewable energy as non-renewable energy, the upper limit constraint of active power output is set
Power generation capacity can be used by being set to maximum, lower limit constraint is set as zero, constraint expression formula are as follows:
0≤Pq≤Pq max
Wherein, Pq maxIndicate the upper of power generator active power output of the q platform using renewable energy as non-renewable energy
Limit constraint, q is positive integer；
2-3) for distributed energy storage system, the upper limit constraint of active power output, which is set as energy storage, allows maximum put
Electrical power, lower limit constraint, which is set as energy storage, allows maximum charge power, constraint expression formula are as follows:
Pr min≤Pr≤Pr max
Wherein, Pr minAnd Pr maxRespectively indicate the lower and upper limit of r platform distributed energy storage system active power output about
Beam, r are positive integer.
Further, the communication coefficient matrix between the distributed generation unit meets:
A=[μij]m×m
Wherein, m is the total quantity of distributed generation unit in virtual plant, μijFor i-th distributed generation unit and jth
Communication coefficient between platform distributed generation unit, μijSpecific value are as follows:
Wherein, NiIndicate the subscript collection of all distributed generation units being connected directly with i-th distributed generation unit
It closes, niAnd njRespectively indicate the number for the distributed generation unit being connected directly with i-th and jth platform distributed generation unit.
Further, the initial tiny increment estimated value of the calculating distributed generation unit meets:
The initial tiny increment estimated value x of i-th distributed generation unitiIt (0) is by xij(0) the m dimensional vector constituted；
Wherein, the xijIt (0) is i-th distributed generation unit to jth platform distributed generation unit optimal power generation cost
The initial estimate of tiny increment, xij(0) value are as follows:
xij(0)=2aiPi(0)+bi
Wherein, Pi(0) the initial active power output of i-th distributed generation unit is indicated.
Further, further include in the step A23,
The tiny increment estimated value x that i-th distributed generation unit will be walked in kthi(k), all directly phases are sent to
Connect jth platform distributed generation unit, wherein j ∈ Ni, and i-th distributed generation unit collects all jth that are directly connected
The tiny increment estimated value x that platform distributed generation unit is walked in kthj(k)。
Further, the adjustment amount of the active power output of the distributed generation unit are as follows:
Wherein, Δ Pi(k) active power between+1 step of kth is walked in kth for i-th distributed generation unit export tune
Whole amount, Pi(k) the active power output that i-th distributed generation unit is walked in kth is indicated.
The present invention of the invention is by Distributed Communication Technology, using the point-to-point communication of adjacent distributions formula generator unit,
Realize the primary frequency modulation control coordinated between distributed generation unit.Invention is transmitted by distributed information, in distributed power generation
The a small amount of information of interaction between unit realizes virtual quick frequency stabilization.At the same time, by by cost of electricity-generating weighting summation
Mode into objective function can be realized optimization operating cost while ensuring virtual plant power-balance and frequency stabilization
And renewable energy utilization rate.Compared to the sagging control of tradition, this method dynamic property is more preferable, insensitive to error in measurement, power generation
Cost is more excellent.The specific feature of this method is as follows:
1. this method considers power-balance and power optimization assignment problem in secondary frequencies control simultaneously, greatly shorten
The time scale of power economy scheduling problem, for the system of the renewable energy containing high permeability, power output quickly variation,
It is difficult under the scene of Accurate Prediction, this method has significant meaning, realizes cost of electricity-generating and renewable energy utilization rate is excellent
The secondary frequencies control changed；
2. this method interactive information greatly reduces, and can be realized faster convergence rate；
Micro-capacitance sensor Centralized Controller required for 3. this method eliminates virtual plant coordinated control and optimizes, based on point pair
The point communication technology realizes full distributed frequency modulation control, reduces the cost of system control, and the system that effectively prevents occurs single
Point failure leads to the global possibility paralysed, and the model maintenance and model lax pair of concentration are avoided using feedback optimized mode
The negative effect of control effect bring.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification
It obtains it is clear that understand through the implementation of the invention.The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be by specification, right
Pointed structure is achieved and obtained in claim and attached drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is the present invention
Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
These attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of one secondary frequencies control of virtual plant based on distributed projection subgradient algorithm in the embodiment of the present invention
The flow diagram of method processed.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention clearly and completely illustrated, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of control method for frequency of virtual plant based on distributed projection subgradient algorithm proposed by the present invention, including
Following steps:
1) establish includes distributed generation resource DG (Distributed Generation) and distributed energy storage system ESS
The hair of the distributed generation unit DER (Distribute Electric Resource) of (Energy Storage System)
Electric cost function is as follows:
Ci(Pi)=aiPi 2+biPi+ci (1)
Wherein CiIndicate the cost of electricity-generating of i-th DER, PiIndicating the active power output of i-th DER, i is arbitrary integer,
ai、bi、ciThe coefficient of quadratic term, first order and constant term in respectively i-th DER cost of electricity-generating function；The embodiment of the present invention
In be based on the different types of distributed generation resource DG and distributed energy storage system ESS, form different types of distribution
Generator unit DER, the distributed generation resource DG include the power generator CG using traditional fossil energy as non-renewable energy
(Conventional Generator) and power generator RG (Renewable using renewable energy as non-renewable energy
Generator), thus coefficient a in formula (1)i、bi、ciFollowing different value mode is taken respectively:
1-1) when the distributed generation resource DG is the power generator CG using traditional fossil energy as non-renewable energy,
Power generator CG (Conventional Generator) for pth platform using traditional fossil energy as non-renewable energy, apIt takes
Value is 0.01~1, bpValue is 0.1~5, cpValue is 5~100.
When 1-2) distributed generation resource DG is power generator RG using renewable energy as non-renewable energy, for q platform with
Renewable energy the power generator RG (Renewable Generator) as non-renewable energy, cost of electricity-generating function coefficients aq、
bq、cqDepending on following formula:
Wherein Pq maxIndicate that the maximum of q platform RG can use power generation capacity；
1-3) for r platform distributed energy storage system ESS (Energy Storage System), brValue is 0, works as ESS
A when in discharge conditionrValue is 0.02~1, a when being in charged staterValue is 0.01~0.5, crValue be 5~
100；
2) to formula (1) derivation, the cost of electricity-generating for obtaining i-th DER (Distributed Energy Resource) is micro-
Gaining rate function is as follows:
xi(Pi)=2aiPi+bi (3)
Wherein xiIndicate the cost of electricity-generating tiny increment of i-th DER；
3) the active power export-restriction constraint of DER is set:
3-1) for CG, the upper limit constraint of active power output is set as to the maximum power generation of CG equipment permission, under
Limit constraint is set as the minimum power kept required for maintaining equipment to disembark, constraint expression formula are as follows:
Pp min≤Pp≤Pp max (4)
Wherein Pp minAnd Pp maxThe lower and upper limit constraint of pth platform CG active power output is respectively indicated, p is positive integer；
3-2) for RG, the upper limit constraint of active power output, which is set as maximum, to use power generation capacity, and lower limit is constrained
It is set as zero, constraint expression formula are as follows:
0≤Pq≤Pq max (5)
Wherein, Pq maxIndicate the upper limit constraint of q platform RG active power output, q is positive integer；
3-3) for ESS, the upper limit constraint of active power output, which is set as energy storage, allows maximum discharge power, will under
Limit constraint, which is set as energy storage, allows maximum charge power, constraint expression formula are as follows:
Pr min≤Pr≤Pr max (6)
Wherein Pr minAnd Pr maxThe lower and upper limit constraint of r platform ESS active power output is respectively indicated, r is positive integer；
3-1 in the present embodiment), 3-2) and 3-3) with above-mentioned 2-1), 2-2) and 2-3) content is consistent for step.
4) the communication coefficient matrix A=[μ between DER is setij]m×m, wherein m is the total quantity of DER in virtual plant,
μijFor the communication coefficient between i-th DER and jth platform DER, specific value are as follows:
In formula (7), NiIndicate the indexed set of all DER being connected directly with i-th DER, niAnd njIt respectively indicates and the
The number for the DER that i platform and jth platform DER are connected directly；In formula (7), when j is not belonging to Ni, nor when i, the communication coefficient
It is 0.
5) primary frequency modulation process starts, and sets the step number k of frequency modulation, and calculates distributed generation unit tiny increment estimated value；
Preferential, since initial step number k=0, calculating process is said for calculating initial tiny increment estimated value when initial step number
It is bright, the initial tiny increment estimated value x of i-th DERiIt (0) is by xij(0) the m dimensional vector constituted, xijIt (0) is i-th DER to jth
The initial estimate of platform DER optimal power generation slight increase in cost, value are as follows:
xij(0)=2aiPi(0)+bi (8)
Wherein Pi(0) the initial active power output of i-th DER is indicated.
It is further preferred that being the tiny increment estimated value for calculating all distributed generation units in virtual plant herein.
6) all DER measure local frequency, and for i-th DER, the frequency measured is denoted as fi(k)；Wherein, local frequency
Each distributed generation unit DER in the virtual plant that rate refers to calculates the frequency of itself.
7) the tiny increment estimated value walked in kth is exchanged with the other DER being directly connected in electric topology；I.e. i-th
The tiny increment estimated value x that platform DER is walked in kthi(k), all jth platform DER that are directly connected are sent to, wherein j ∈ Ni, and i-th
Platform DER collects the tiny increment estimated value x that all jth platform DER that are directly connected are walked in kthj(k)；
8) all DER calculate local subgradient direction, such as the subgradient direction d of i-th DERiIt (k) is by the i-th point
Estimated value d of the cloth generator unit to jth platform distributed generation unit subgradient componentij(k) the m dimensional vector constituted, dij(k)
Value are as follows:
dij(k)=K (fi(k)-fi(k-1))+2ajxij(k)+bj (9)
Wherein K indicates step-size factor, is chosen according to the actual capacity of DER, or adjusts value size by experiment, to obtain
Optimum efficiency；fi(k) the local frequency walked for i-th distributed generation unit in kth, fiIt (k-1) is i-th distributed power generation
Local frequency of the unit in -1 step of kth, xijIt (k) is i-th distributed generation unit to the optimal hair of jth platform distributed generation unit
The kth of electric slight increase in cost walks estimated value, aj、bjFor the coefficient of jth platform distributed generation unit cost function；Further, own
Each distributed generation unit that DER calculates in local subgradient direction, that is, virtual electric field calculates the subgradient direction of itself.
9) all DER execute local subgradient iteration, calculate the tiny increment estimated value of k+1 step, such as i-th local DER
Subgradient iteration formula such as following formula:
Wherein α is subgradient iteration step-length, and value range is 0.1~10；NiIndicate all and i-th distributed power generation list
The indexed set for the distributed generation unit that member is connected directly；μijFor i-th distributed generation unit and jth platform distributed power generation
Communication coefficient between unit；xj(k) the tiny increment estimated value walked for jth platform distributed generation unit in kth；diIt (k) is i-th
The subgradient direction of platform distributed generation unit.Further, all DER execute local subgradient iteration, refer to virtual
Each distributed generation unit is performed both by itself subgradient iteration in power plant.
10) all DER execute local project, such as i-th DER, if the kth being calculated by formula (10)
The tiny increment estimated value x of+1 stepi(k+1) range defined in formula (4)-formula (6) is had exceeded, then the value of its element is limited to formula
(4) on boundary defined in-formula (6).Further, all DER execute local project, refer to each in virtual plant
Distributed generation unit is performed both by itself project.
11) all DER are defeated according to new tiny increment estimated value adjustment active power output, such as i-th DER active power
Adjustment amount out are as follows:
Wherein, Δ Pi(k) active power between+1 step of kth is walked in kth for i-th distributed generation unit export tune
Whole amount, Pi(k) the active power output that i-th distributed generation unit is walked in kth is indicated.
12) judge whether the frequency variation between two step iteration meets fi(k+1)-fi(k) < ε, wherein ε is less than 0.01
Positive real number, if meeting fi(k+1)-fi(k) < ε, is transferred to step 13)；Otherwise, k=k+1 is enabled, step 5) is returned to；
13) frequency control process terminates.
In the present embodiment, described i, j, k are arbitrary integer.
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should manage
Solution: it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to part of technical characteristic into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The spirit and scope of scheme.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of control method for frequency of virtual plant based on distributed projection subgradient algorithm, which is characterized in that including,
A1, one or more of relational expression is determined:
Cost of electricity-generating function, the micro- increasing function of cost of electricity-generating of i-th distributed generation unit, distribution of distributed generation unit
Communication coefficient matrix between the active power export-restriction constraint of generator unit, distributed generation unit；
A2, based on determining above-mentioned relation formula, to carrying out primary frequency modulation between the distributed generation unit in the virtual plant
Control:
A21, setting frequency modulation step number k, calculate distributed generation unit tiny increment estimated value；
Distributed generation unit in A22, virtual plant measures local frequency；
A23, any distributed generation unit exchange in electric topology with other distributed generation units being directly connected
In the tiny increment estimated value of kth step；
Distributed generation unit in A24, virtual plant calculates local subgradient direction, wherein
The subgradient direction d of i-th distributed generation unitiIt (k) is to be sent out by i-th distributed generation unit jth platform distribution
The estimated value d of electric unit subgradient componentij(k) the m dimensional vector constituted, dij(k) value are as follows:
dij(k)=K (fi(k)-fi(k-1))+2ajxij(k)+bj
Wherein, K indicates step-size factor, fi(k) the local frequency walked for i-th distributed generation unit in kth, fiIt (k-1) is the
Local frequency of the i platform distributed generation unit in -1 step of kth, xij(k) distributed to jth platform for i-th distributed generation unit
The kth of generator unit optimal power generation slight increase in cost walks estimated value, aj、bjWhat it is for jth platform distributed generation unit cost function is
Number；
Distributed generation unit in A25, virtual plant is performed both by local subgradient iteration, and the tiny increment for calculating+1 step of kth is estimated
Evaluation, wherein
I-th distributed generation unit local subgradient iteration formula such as following formula:
Wherein, α is subgradient iteration step-length, and value range is 0.1~10；NiIndicate all straight with i-th distributed generation unit
Connect the indexed set of connected distributed generation unit；μijFor i-th distributed generation unit and jth platform distributed generation unit
Between communication coefficient；xj(k) the tiny increment estimated value walked for jth platform distributed generation unit in kth；diIt (k) is the i-th point
The subgradient direction of cloth generator unit；
Distributed generation unit in A26, virtual plant is performed both by local project, wherein calculated in step A25
If the tiny increment estimated value of k+1 step has exceeded the active power export-restriction constraint, the tiny increment of+1 step of kth is estimated
The value of element in evaluation is limited to the active power export-restriction and constrains on defined boundary；
Distributed generation unit in A27, virtual plant is all in accordance with new micro- increasing estimated value adjustment active power output；
A28, judge whether the frequency variation between two step iteration meets fi(k+1)-fi(k) < ε, wherein ε is just less than 0.01
Real number, if meeting fi(k+1)-fi(k) < ε is transferred to step A29；Otherwise, k=k+1 is enabled, step A21 is returned to；
A29, a frequency control process terminate.
2. control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step A1 is specifically included,
Based on the cost of electricity-generating and active power output of i-th distributed generation unit, the power generation of distributed generation unit is established
Cost function:
Ci(Pi)=aiPi 2+biPi+ci (1)
Wherein, CiIndicate the cost of electricity-generating of i-th distributed generation unit, PiIndicate the wattful power of i-th distributed generation unit
Rate output, i is arbitrary integer, ai、bi、ciQuadratic term in the cost of electricity-generating function of respectively i-th distributed generation unit,
The coefficient of first order and constant term；
To formula (1) derivation, the micro- increasing function of cost of electricity-generating of i-th distributed generation unit is obtained:
xi(Pi)=2aiPi+bi
Wherein, xiIndicate the cost of electricity-generating tiny increment of i-th distributed generation unit.
3. control method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the distributed generation unit includes distribution
Power supply and distributed energy storage system, wherein
The distributed generation resource includes power generator using traditional fossil energy as non-renewable energy, using renewable energy as one
The power generator of the secondary energy.
4. control method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that based on the distributed generation resource and distributed energy storage system
It unites, the coefficient a in the formula (1)i、bi、ciFollowing different value mode is taken respectively:
1-1) the power generator for pth platform using traditional fossil energy as non-renewable energy, apValue is 0.01~1, bpValue is
0.1~5, cpValue is 5~100；
1-2) the power generator for q platform using renewable energy as non-renewable energy, cost of electricity-generating function coefficients aq、bq、cq
Depending on following formula:
Wherein, Pq maxIndicate that the maximum of power generator of the q platform using renewable energy as non-renewable energy can use power generation capacity；
1-3) for r platform distributed energy storage system, brValue is 0, a when distributed energy storage system is in discharge conditionrValue
It is 0.02~1, a when being in charged staterValue is 0.01~0.5, crValue is 5~100.
5. control method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the active power of the distributed generation unit exports
Restriction includes,
2-1) for the power generator using traditional fossil energy as non-renewable energy, the upper limit of active power output is constrained into setting
For the maximum power generation that equipment allows, lower limit constraint is set as the minimum power kept required for maintaining equipment to disembark, about
Beam expression formula are as follows:
Pp min≤Pp≤Pp max
Wherein, Pp minAnd Pp maxRespectively indicate the active power of power generator of the pth platform using traditional fossil energy as non-renewable energy
The lower and upper limit of output constrain, and p is positive integer；
2-2) for the power generator using renewable energy as non-renewable energy, the upper limit constraint of active power output is set as
Maximum can use power generation capacity, lower limit constraint is set as zero, constraint expression formula are as follows:
0≤Pq≤Pq max
Wherein, Pq maxIndicate the upper limit of power generator active power output of the q platform using renewable energy as non-renewable energy about
Beam, q are positive integer；
2-3) for distributed energy storage system, the upper limit constraint of active power output, which is set as energy storage, allows maximum electric discharge function
Rate, lower limit constraint, which is set as energy storage, allows maximum charge power, constraint expression formula are as follows:
Pr min≤Pr≤Pr max
Wherein, Pr minAnd Pr maxThe lower and upper limit constraint of r platform distributed energy storage system active power output is respectively indicated, r is
Positive integer.
6. control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the communication coefficient between the distributed generation unit
Matrix meets:
A=[μij]m×m
Wherein, m is the total quantity of distributed generation unit in virtual plant, μijFor i-th distributed generation unit and jth platform point
Communication coefficient between cloth generator unit, μijSpecific value are as follows:
Wherein, NiIndicate the indexed set of all distributed generation units being connected directly with i-th distributed generation unit, ni
And njRespectively indicate the number for the distributed generation unit being connected directly with i-th and jth platform distributed generation unit.
7. -2, any control method of 4-6 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the calculating distributed generation unit
Initial tiny increment estimated value meets:
The initial tiny increment estimated value x of i-th distributed generation unitiIt (0) is by xij(0) the m dimensional vector constituted；
Wherein, the xijIt (0) is i-th distributed generation unit to the micro- increasing of jth platform distributed generation unit optimal power generation cost
The initial estimate of rate, xij(0) value are as follows:
xij(0)=2aiPi(0)+bi
Wherein, Pi(0) the initial active power output of i-th distributed generation unit is indicated.
8. control method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further include in the step A23,
The tiny increment estimated value x that i-th distributed generation unit will be walked in kthi(k), all jth that are directly connected are sent to
Platform distributed generation unit, wherein j ∈ Ni, and i-th distributed generation unit collects all jth platform distributions that are directly connected
The tiny increment estimated value x that formula generator unit is walked in kthj(k)。
9. control method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the active power of the distributed generation unit exports
Adjustment amount are as follows:
Wherein, Δ Pi(k) the active power output adjustment amount between+1 step of kth is walked in kth for i-th distributed generation unit,
Pi(k) the active power output that i-th distributed generation unit is walked in kth is indicated.
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