CN110311216B - Broadband circularly polarized dipole patch antenna with water spiral - Google Patents
Broadband circularly polarized dipole patch antenna with water spiral Download PDFInfo
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- CN110311216B CN110311216B CN201910552683.4A CN201910552683A CN110311216B CN 110311216 B CN110311216 B CN 110311216B CN 201910552683 A CN201910552683 A CN 201910552683A CN 110311216 B CN110311216 B CN 110311216B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002592 echocardiography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
- H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
- H01Q9/285—Planar dipole
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband circularly polarized dipole patch antenna with a water spiral, which comprises an antenna body, wherein the antenna body comprises a dielectric substrate (1), the dielectric substrate (1) is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are parallel, a plurality of patch patterns are covered on the first surface and form a dipole radiator (4) and a water spiral groove (6), and the water spiral groove (6) is filled with seawater to form a waveguide; the second surface is covered with a metal grounding plate (2); a coaxial line (3) is arranged on the dielectric substrate (1) in a penetrating way from bottom to top and is used for feeding the patch antenna, a signal end of the coaxial line is connected with the dipole radiator (4), and a grounding end of the coaxial line is connected with the metal grounding plate (2); a through hole (5) is also arranged in the dielectric substrate (1). The invention adopts the water spiral groove with the shape of bidirectional Archimedes spiral and the cross section of rectangle at the periphery of the dipole radiator, so that the terminal effect of the antenna is almost eliminated, and the bandwidth is greatly increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a broadband circularly polarized dipole patch antenna with a water spiral.
Background
Since the invention of antennas by hertz and markoni, the importance of antennas in social life has increased, and microstrip antennas have now become an indispensable potential, and have also been widely used in a large number of radio devices over a wide frequency range of about 100MHz to 100 GHz. Compared with the common microwave antenna, the microstrip antenna has more physical parameters, can have any geometric shape and size, has small volume, light weight, low profile and high quality factor, can be conformal with a carrier (such as an aircraft), has diversified performance, and is convenient for integration and mass production. Microstrip antennas, however, also have some non-negligible drawbacks, such as: microstrip antennas have a relatively narrow bandwidth, high losses, low power capacity, etc.
Although microstrip antennas have such drawbacks, microstrip antennas can also be implemented to operate in a wide frequency band by reasonable structural design. Non-frequency-changing antennas are typically broadband antennas. According to the lamb's principle, if the antenna shape is determined only by angle, the antenna has non-frequency-dependent impedance and lobe pattern characteristics, and the archimedes spiral just meets the requirement, if the spiral formed by combining archimedes spiral wires is combined with the microstrip antenna, it is believed that the bandwidth of the microstrip antenna can be well widened. In addition, the water spiral has the characteristics of a spiral antenna and the characteristics of a leaky waveguide, and the seawater is low in cost, high in dielectric constant, strong in conductivity and large in attenuation constant, so that the seawater becomes a popular research for scientific researchers. The spiral water waveguide is used, so that a higher order mode can be excited under the condition that the size reaches a certain value, and the terminal current of the antenna can be absorbed as much as possible under the condition that circular polarization is not damaged, and the impedance bandwidth is well increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the broadband circularly polarized dipole patch antenna with the water spiral, which not only can realize high broadband, high radiation power and high gain, but also has small size, low manufacturing cost, simple structure and easy integration with other equipment or array manufacturing, and is an ideal choice for satellite communication.
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the broadband circularly polarized dipole patch antenna with the water spiral comprises an antenna body, wherein the antenna body comprises a dielectric substrate (1), the dielectric substrate (1) is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are parallel, a plurality of patch patterns are covered on the first surface, the first surface is formed into a dipole radiator (4) and a water spiral groove (6), and the water spiral groove (6) is filled with seawater to form a waveguide;
the second surface is covered with a metal grounding plate (2);
a coaxial line (3) is arranged on the dielectric substrate (1) in a penetrating way from bottom to top and is used for feeding the patch antenna, a signal end of the coaxial line is connected with the dipole radiator (4), and a grounding end of the coaxial line is connected with the metal grounding plate (2);
the dielectric substrate (1) is also provided with a through hole (5), and the through hole (5) penetrates through the dielectric substrate (1) from the second surface to the first surface, but does not penetrate through the metal grounding plate (2) and the dipole radiator (4).
As a further improvement scheme, the dielectric substrate (1) is square, and the length and the width of the dielectric substrate are equal; the metal grounding plate (2) is square, and the length and the width of the metal grounding plate are equal to those of the dielectric substrate (1).
As a further improvement scheme, the coaxial line (3) is positioned at about 1mm beside the center of the dielectric substrate (1), and the patch antenna is fed through the substrate from 5mm downwards to upwards.
As a further improvement scheme, a plurality of patch patterns are coated on the first surface of the dielectric substrate (1), and the patch patterns are metal sheets; and a small interval is reserved between adjacent patch patterns, and the patch patterns are symmetrical about an origin.
As a further improvement scheme, four groups of through holes (5) are arranged in the medium substrate (1), each group is provided with three through holes, and the four groups of through holes (5) are symmetrical about the z-axis.
As a further improvement scheme, the water spiral groove (6) is embedded in the medium substrate (1), is arranged at a position which is about 0.5cm away from the periphery of the dipole radiator (4), is rectangular in cross section, and is in an Archimedes spiral horizontal plane.
As a further improvement scheme, the patch patterns are formed by combining a plurality of square and triangle patches, and at least patch patterns R0, R1-1, R2-1, R3-1, T1-1, R1-2, R2-2, R3-2 and T1-2 are arranged, wherein R represents the rectangle, and T represents the triangle; gaps of 0.1-0.3 mm are arranged between adjacent patch patterns, so that the electric size of the dipole radiator (4) is long enough.
As a further improvement scheme, the water spiral groove (6) is a bidirectional water spiral groove and is formed by reversely extending and combining two Archimedes water spiral grooves, and each water spiral consists of two Archimedes spirals with different phases; the upper surface of the water spiral groove (6) is positioned on the same plane with the dipole patch pattern.
In selected embodiments of the invention, the dielectric substrate (1) is a square dielectric plate with a length of about 60mm and a height of 1.575mm, the length and the width of the square dielectric plate are equal, the second surface of the square dielectric plate is covered with a square metal grounding plate (2), and the length and the width of the square dielectric plate are equal to those of the dielectric substrate (1).
In selected embodiments of the invention, the antenna is fed centrally with a coaxial line (3), the feed point being shifted by about 1mm along the Y-axis for impedance matching of the antenna to the feed line. In order to facilitate the connection of the antenna object and the coaxial line (3), the coaxial line interface extends 5mm below the medium substrate (1), and the excited lower surface is covered by a thin metal block which can be connected with an SMA connector.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the antenna is provided with bidirectional water spiral grooves (6) which are arranged on the medium substrate (1) at intervals of about 1.3mm, are about 1.2mm wide and are about 0.5mm high, seawater is filled in the bidirectional water spiral grooves, and the upper surfaces of the water spiral grooves and the dipole radiator (4) are in the same plane. The bidirectional water spiral groove (6) is formed by reversely extending and combining two Archimedes water spiral grooves, and each water spiral is formed by two Archimedes spirals with different phases.
In selected embodiments of the invention, the four archimedes spirals forming the two water spiral grooves (6) are all of the functional type Wherein R is l For the distance of the two water spirals to the origin, ld is the spacing between the two water spiral grooves, ws is the width of the water spiral groove, ω is the water spiral offset angle, and c is the amount of translation of the entire water spiral groove relative to the origin.
In selected embodiments of the invention, for the water spiral grooves (6), the phases of their internal and external logarithmic spirals are the same, and the water spiral grooves (6) are always collinear with the eight endpoints of the patch, i.e., points a, B, C, D, E, F, G, and are at an angle phi to the Y axis.
In the selected embodiment of the invention, the dipole radiator (4) is a metal sheet, 4 groups of through holes (5) are arranged in the dielectric substrate of the antenna, each group is three, the through holes are symmetrical about an origin, the through holes are led to the dipole radiator (4) from the metal grounding plate (2), and the height is equal to the thickness of the dielectric substrate (1).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. according to the invention, the water spiral and the periphery of the dipole are loaded on the basis of the dipole patch antenna, the terminal current is absorbed, and under the condition that the size of the antenna is not greatly increased, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is increased by more than ten times, and the radiation power is also increased. At a resonant frequency of 21GHz, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is about 70%, the gain is up to 10dB, the radiation power is higher than 0.1dB, and the radiation efficiency is up to 0.126dB. The invention not only can realize high broadband, high radiation power and high gain, but also has small size, low manufacturing cost, simple structure and easy integration with other devices or array formation.
2. In the invention, the dipole radiator (4) on the antenna is formed by combining a plurality of rectangular patches and triangular patches, each patch is separated by 0.1-0.3 mm, the gap enables the patches to be coupled, the electric size is changed, the electric size is increased to be larger than the physical size, and the bandwidth is increased while the processing is performed.
3. The electrical dimension angle of the dipole radiator is approximately 120 DEG to the X axis, and the line connecting the initial end position and the end position of the water spiral groove (6) and the origin is approximately 120 DEG to the X axis, namely the point A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H shown in figure 1 is always kept on the same line and the included angle with the X axis is approximately 120 DEG, and the terminal current of the dipole radiator (4) is transmitted into the water spiral groove (6) as much as possible due to the fact that the terminal current is kept on the same line, so that the echo loss is reduced as much as possible.
4. The invention uses seawater as the filling material of the water spiral, has very low cost, greatly influences the bandwidth of the antenna through the spiral structure, and has the length and the width of only 5cm, so the invention is easy to manufacture, has low manufacturing cost, and is easy to integrate with other equipment and manufacture into an array antenna. In addition, the invention increases the bandwidth without increasing the manufacturing cost and the process complexity, and the gain is slightly improved compared with the prior dipole patch antenna.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a broadband circularly polarized dipole patch antenna with a water spiral according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is an oblique view.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a wideband circularly polarized dipole patch antenna with a water spiral according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a top view.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wideband circularly polarized dipole patch antenna with a water spiral according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a side view.
Fig. 4 is a return loss (S11) performance chart of an embodiment of the present invention. Where the abscissa represents the frequency Frequency (GHz) and the ordinate represents the return loss intensity (dB).
Fig. 5 is a radiation pattern (dB) of an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a gain-frequency plot of an embodiment of the invention, wherein the abscissa represents frequency frequency (GHz) and the ordinate represents gain (dB) in the maximum radiation direction.
Fig. 7 is a Z-parameter image of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the abscissa is the frequency frequency (GHz).
Fig. 8 is a radiation power image of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the abscissa is the frequency frequency (GHz) and the ordinate is the radiation power (dBW).
Fig. 9 is a radiation efficiency image of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the abscissa is the frequency frequency (GHz) and the ordinate is the radiation efficiency (dB).
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanical connection or electric link; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a schematic structure of a broadband circularly polarized dipole patch antenna with a water helix is shown, comprising an antenna body. The antenna body mainly comprises a dielectric substrate 1, wherein the dielectric substrate 1 is a square dielectric plate with the length of about 60mm and the height of 1.575mm, the dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are parallel, the second surface is covered with a grounding plate 2 with the length and the width equal to those of the dielectric substrate, a coaxial line 3 is positioned about 1mm beside the center of the dielectric plate, and the dielectric substrate penetrates through the substrate from the lower part of 5mm to the upper part to feed the patch antenna; the first surface of the dielectric substrate is covered with a plurality of patches, and a small space is reserved between every two adjacent patches, and the patches are symmetrical with respect to an origin and form a dipole radiator 4; four groups of through holes 5 penetrate through the dielectric substrate 1 from the second surface to the first surface, but do not penetrate through the grounding plate 2 and the dipole radiator 4, each group is provided with three through holes, and the four groups of through holes are symmetrical about the z-axis; the dielectric substrate is dug with a rectangular cross section and an archimedes spiral horizontal plane groove 6 at a position about 0.5cm away from the periphery of the patch, in this embodiment, the water spiral grooves are spaced about 1.3mm apart, about 1.2mm wide and about 0.5mm high, and the groove is filled with seawater to form a leaky waveguide, and the leaky waveguide is used for absorbing echoes and reducing losses.
To impedance match the antenna to the feed line, the feed point is shifted about 1mm along the Y-axis. In order to facilitate the connection between the antenna and the coaxial line, the coaxial line interface is Fang Yanshen mm below the dielectric substrate, and the excited lower surface is covered with a thin metal block and can be connected with an SMA connector.
In a preferred embodiment, the water spiral groove (6) is a bidirectional water spiral groove and is formed by reversely extending and combining two Archimedes water spiral grooves, and each water spiral consists of two Archimedes spirals with different phases; the upper surface of the water spiral groove (6) is positioned on the same plane with the dipole patch pattern. Further, the four archimedes spirals forming the two water spiral grooves (6) have the function formula of Wherein R is l For the distance of the two water spirals to the origin, ld is the spacing between the two water spiral grooves, ws is the width of the water spiral groove, ω is the water spiral offset angle, and c is the amount of translation of the entire water spiral groove relative to the origin.
Preferably, the phases of the inner and outer archimedes spirals in the water spiral groove (6) are identical, and the water spiral groove is always in the same straight line with eight points positioned on the first surface of the dielectric substrate (1) in the dipole radiator, namely, the points A, B, C, D, E, F and G in fig. 1, and the included angle with the Y axis is phi.
The connecting line between the starting point and the origin of the water spiral groove, namely the straight line BD and the x axis are 120 degrees, the point A, the point B, the point C, the point D, the point E and the point F, and the point G are always on the same straight line, namely the equivalent electric dimension and the Y axis clamping angle of the dipole patch set are also kept about 120 degrees, so that the terminal current generated by the patch set can flow to the water groove through the point B and the point F of the water spiral groove as much as possible. The dielectric substrate 1 adopts Rogers-5880 series, the metal grounding plate and the dipole radiator are both metal sheets, the coaxial inner diameter is 0.65mm, and 4 groups of through holes are hollow cylinders.
By adopting the technical scheme, the water spiral and the periphery of the dipole are loaded on the basis of the dipole patch antenna to absorb the terminal current, so that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is increased by more than ten times and the radiation power is also increased under the condition that the size of the antenna is not greatly increased. The principle of the specific technology is as follows:
the bidirectional water spiral groove 6 is formed by reversely extending and combining two Archimedes water spiral grooves, and four Archimedes spirals forming the two water spiral grooves (6) are all in a function way Wherein R is l For the distance of the two water spirals to the origin, ld is the spacing between the two water spiral grooves, ws is the width of the water spiral groove, ω is the water spiral offset angle, and c is the amount of translation of the entire water spiral groove relative to the origin.
Unlike conventional spiral antennas with metal strips as arms, seawater has a dielectric constant as high as 81 and a conductivity of 4. In addition, electromagnetic waves in the frequency range up to 10GHz and even higher are very fast in attenuation when conducted in sea water, so to speak, hardly propagate. The three-point characteristics can not only prevent electromagnetic waves in seawater from being transmitted, but also absorb electromagnetic waves transmitted nearby.
Dielectric waveguides with rectangular cross-sections can support multiple hybrid modes, with the cut-off wavelength lambda in the rectangular waveguide C When the wavelength λ corresponding to the electromagnetic wave radiated by us is less than or equal to 2a, a fundamental mode is excited in the waveguide, and the electromagnetic wave can be normally propagated; when the wavelength is larger than 2a, the waveguide has a higher order mode, when the wavelength is much larger than 2a, the waveguide has only a higher order mode, which is called a wither mode or a vanishing mode, in which the mode is equivalent to vortex in fluid and is a non-propagation mode, and the loss of seawater is very strong, so that the terminal current through the dipole radiator is consumed in the water spiral almost completelyWithout reflected current, the return loss will be very small in a very large frequency band.
Experiments prove that when the antenna is not externally provided with the water carrying spiral groove on the dipole radiator, the bandwidth of the antenna is only 7%, and when the water carrying spiral groove is additionally provided, the frequency band of the antenna is from 8GHz to 38GHz, and the return loss is less than-10 dB. The impedance bandwidth of the antenna is considered to be 70% because the radiation power is very low beyond 13.3-28 GHz.
Referring to fig. 4, a return loss (S11) performance graph of an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In which the abscissa indicates the frequency Frequency (GHz) and the ordinate indicates the return loss intensity (dB), it can be seen from fig. 2 that the S11 data is below-10 dB for a long period of frequency due to the addition of the water spiral groove, and in fact, in the frequency range not shown in fig. 2, the S11 parameter is below-10 dB from 8GHz to 38GHz, but the radiation power and gain of the antenna are less than 0dB for the frequency range not shown in fig. 2, which is not included in the result. The relative impedance bandwidth that is ultimately given is 70%.
Referring to fig. 5, it can be seen from fig. 5 that, when phi=75°, θ= -22 °, the radiation gain reaches a maximum of 10.0534dB, which is greatly related to the 30 ° offset angle of the water spiral groove from the dipole patch set and the 120 ° angle of the Y axis. When the water spiral rotates clockwise, the antenna radiates in left-hand circular polarization; otherwise, right-hand circular polarization is adopted. The water spiral in this embodiment is rotated clockwise.
Referring to fig. 6, the gain remains stable over a large frequency segment, increasing with increasing frequency.
Referring to fig. 7, the impedance is maintained stable over a wide frequency range due to the addition of the water spiral, and a non-frequency-dependent characteristic occurs.
Referring to fig. 8-9, the radiation power is basically in a state of more than 0dBW from 16.8-27 GHz, when the frequency is 20.6GHz, the radiation power reaches the maximum value 0.1243dBW, the radiation efficiency is more than 0dB from 13.2-27.8 GHz, when the frequency is 20.6GHz, the radiation efficiency reaches the maximum value 0.1265dB, and the antenna can radiate well on 70% impedance bandwidth.
The manufacturing and processing errors of the invention have great influence on all parameters of the antenna, and the manufacturing process is required to be very fine.
The above description of the embodiments is only for aiding in the understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (4)
1. The broadband circularly polarized dipole patch antenna with the water spiral is characterized by comprising an antenna body, wherein the antenna body comprises a dielectric substrate (1), the dielectric substrate (1) is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are parallel, a plurality of patch patterns are covered on the first surface, the first surface is provided with a dipole radiator (4) and a water spiral groove (6), and the water spiral groove (6) is filled with seawater to form a waveguide;
the second surface is covered with a metal grounding plate (2);
a coaxial line (3) is arranged on the dielectric substrate (1) in a penetrating way from bottom to top and is used for feeding the patch antenna, a signal end of the coaxial line is connected with the dipole radiator (4), and a grounding end of the coaxial line is connected with the metal grounding plate (2);
a through hole (5) is further formed in the dielectric substrate (1), and the through hole (5) penetrates through the dielectric substrate (1) from the second surface to the first surface, but does not penetrate through the metal grounding plate (2) and the dipole radiator (4);
the first surface of the dielectric substrate (1) is covered with a plurality of patch patterns, and the patch patterns are metal sheets; a small interval is arranged between adjacent patch patterns, and the patch patterns are symmetrical with respect to an origin;
four groups of through holes (5) are arranged in the medium substrate (1), each group of through holes is provided with three through holes, and the four groups of through holes (5) are symmetrical about the z-axis;
the water spiral groove (6) is embedded in the medium substrate (1), is 0.5cm away from the periphery of the dipole radiator (4), is rectangular in cross section, and is an Archimedes spiral in horizontal plane;
the patch patterns are formed by combining a plurality of rectangular and triangular patches, and at least patch patterns R0, R1-1, R2-1, R3-1, T1-1, R1-2, R2-2, R3-2 and T1-2 are arranged, wherein R represents the rectangle, and T represents the triangle; r0 is symmetrical about the origin; r1-1 and R1-2 are symmetrical about the origin; r3-1 and R3-2 are symmetrical about the origin; r2-1 and R2-2 are symmetrical about the origin; t1-1 and T1-2 are symmetrical about the origin; gaps of 0.1-0.3 mm are arranged between adjacent patch patterns.
2. The broadband circularly polarized dipole patch antenna with water spiral as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate (1) is square with the same length and width; the metal grounding plate (2) is square, and the length and the width of the metal grounding plate are equal to those of the dielectric substrate (1).
3. Broadband circularly polarized dipole patch antenna with water spiral according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the coaxial line (3) is located 1mm beside the center of the dielectric substrate (1), feeding the patch antenna from the substrate 5mm down up through the substrate.
4. The broadband circularly polarized dipole patch antenna with water spiral according to claim 1, wherein the water spiral groove (6) is a bidirectional water spiral groove, and is formed by reversely extending and combining two archimedes water spiral grooves, and each water spiral is composed of two archimedes spirals with different phases; the upper surface of the water spiral groove (6) is positioned on the same plane with the dipole patch pattern.
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| CN201910552683.4A CN110311216B (en) | 2019-06-25 | 2019-06-25 | Broadband circularly polarized dipole patch antenna with water spiral |
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Citations (13)
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