CN110308454A - A kind of quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind velocity measurement system and method - Google Patents
A kind of quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind velocity measurement system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110308454A CN110308454A CN201910608446.5A CN201910608446A CN110308454A CN 110308454 A CN110308454 A CN 110308454A CN 201910608446 A CN201910608446 A CN 201910608446A CN 110308454 A CN110308454 A CN 110308454A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S17/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the technical fields of laser radar, more particularly to a kind of quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind velocity measurement system and method, the system includes emitter, reception device, the emitter is emitted to the Laser emission optical axis of atmosphere and the laser pick-off optical axis of reception device forms angle α, the angle α adjustable angle.The advantages of invention is: the present invention adjusts the angle of Laser emission optical axis and laser pick-off optical axis, eliminates influence of the intermediate-freuqncy signal to useful wind velocity signal, to improve signal-to-noise ratio, realizes detection accuracy and resolution capability to faint wind field signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of laser radar more particularly to a kind of quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind
Fast measuring system and method.
Background technique
Real-time atmospheric wind information can provide atmospheric wind number for wind-power electricity generation addressing, climate monitoring and pollution transportation
According to support；Wind shear also will affect the stability of aircraft navigation in real time simultaneously, the real-time wind field of aviation field detection and
Early warning is more important to aircarrier aircraft takeoff and landing.The technical method for obtaining atmospheric wind at present is more, for example utilizes routine
Meteorological sounding Balloon Measurement atmospheric wind, microwave windfinding radar surveying atmospheric wind and laser coherence radar surveying atmospheric wind etc.
Numerous means；Various Wind field measurement means have application in different field.Conventional sounding method in meteorological field using more,
Advantage is that atmospheric wind is directly obtained according to the variation of sounding balloon GPS location, and measurement method is direct, measurement height can reach high
Empty 20~30 kms；Deficiency is that the period for measuring wind field is longer, and one group of Wind outline needs 1~2 hour.Microwave windfinding
Radar apply at present it is also more, it is advantageous that microwave not by the interference of cloud layer can round-the-clock observation atmospheric wind, it is insufficient to exist
In the transmit/receive antenna array volume of microwave windfinding radar, the larger and lower space of silence discloses 100 meters or so of report.For
Laser coherence windfinding radar has had two kinds of systems of continuous laser and pulse laser coherent wind, continuous laser radar side at present
Altitude wind field measurement is overweighted, maximum measurement height is low；Pulse lidar can accomplish high-altitude Wind field measurement but the lower space of silence is big.
The continuous laser coherent wind Radar Low-Altitude blind area of open report is near tens meters, and pulse lidar is due to emitting laser end
The blind area that face reflection interference receives signal and limited by pulse width is bigger than continuous laser radar, near hundred meters.Therefore
The laser coherence windfinding radar of two kinds of systems does not solve the problems, such as the lower space of silence.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the lower space of silence is big, resolution ratio is relatively low, system is complicated existing for wind technology, the present invention are surveyed for laser coherence
A kind of quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind velocity measurement system and method are provided, the system and method are from several meters near the ground
Height starts the method and system of high resolution measurement atmospheric wind, big to several kilometer ranges in high-altitude in ten meters of low latitude to solve
The measurement of gas wind field.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind velocity measurement system, including emitter, reception device, it is described
Emitter is emitted to the Laser emission optical axis of atmosphere and the laser pick-off optical axis of reception device forms angle α, the angle α angle
It spends adjustable.
Optimization, the emitter includes the launching fiber set gradually on Laser emission optical axis, the first beam expanding lens,
The main vibration light passes through the first beam expanding lens after launching fiber transmits and projects emitter, at the output end face of launching fiber also
It is provided with the transmitting moving assembly for driving the end face mobile；
The reception device includes the second beam expanding lens set gradually on laser pick-off optical axis, reception optical fiber, passes through the
The reception light of two beam expanding lens is input in the input end face of reception optical fiber, and adjusting is provided at the input end face of the reception optical fiber
The reception moving assembly of the endface position.
Optimization, the transmitting moving assembly includes the first fixing piece, the hair of the output end face for fixed transmission optical fiber
Translation stage is penetrated, transmitting translation stage is for fixing the first fixing piece and fiber end face thereon being driven to move on direction initialization；Phase
With, it is described to receive the second fixing piece that moving assembly includes the input end face for fixed reception optical fiber, reception translation stage, it connects
Moving stage is closed flat for fixing the second fixing piece and fiber end face thereon being driven to move on direction initialization.
Optimization, the system also includes laser reflection unit, the laser reflection unit includes that transmitting optics adjusts mirror
Piece receives optics adjusting eyeglass, knife edge prism, and the transmitting optics adjusts eyeglass and arrives the reflection of generation incident light that emitter issues
In one coated surface of knife edge prism along position back reflection into atmosphere, along position in another coated surface of knife edge prism
It sets the light that will be received and is reflected into and receive after optics adjusts eyeglass, receive optics and adjust eyeglass and continue that light will be received and be reflected into reception
On the second beam expanding lens in device.
Optimization, the transmitting optics adjusts eyeglass and receives the adjustable angle that optics adjusts eyeglass.
Optimization, edge is equipped with diaphragm with laser pick-off optical axis parallel direction on the knife edge prism.
Optimization, the system also includes laser generating unit, the laser generating unit includes laser, the laser
The laser of device transmitting is pulse laser or continuous laser.
Using a kind of method of above-mentioned quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind velocity measurement system, system further includes
Coupler, photoelectricity differential detector, processing and control element (PCE), method includes the following steps:
S1, adjusting emitter and reception device, the laser of the Laser emission optical axis and reception device that make emitter connect
It receives optical axis to be generally aligned in the same plane, which is plane A；
S2, it determines transmitting moving assembly and receives the displacement surface of moving assembly, it is ensured that emit moving assembly and receive movement
The displacement surface of component is parallel with plane A；
The angle of S3, the moving direction of processing and control element (PCE) control transmitting moving assembly and Laser emission optical axis, are emitting
Moving assembly is in moving process, and the position of guarantee transmitting laser focusing focus is always on Laser emission optical axis；Meanwhile it handling
Control unit receives the position of moving assembly by adjusting, and guarantees that the echo-signal at transmitting laser focusing focus is receiving always
Device focal point is coupled into reception optical fiber；
S4, emitting moving assembly and receiving in moving assembly moving process, according to Laser emission optical axis and laser pick-off
The angle α and transmitting moving assembly of optical axis and the theory relation for receiving moving assembly position, are demarcated, and are realized and are moved according to transmitting
Dynamic component and the translational movement for receiving moving assembly obtain the angle of Laser emission optical axis Yu laser pick-off optical axis, and then obtain radar
Measurement height；
S5, specified altitude assignment echo-signal after coupler and local oscillator photo-beat frequency, photoelectricity differential detector will for light believe
Number beat signal be converted to electric signal and be transmitted in processing and control element (PCE) and carry out Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), obtain the diameter of current point
To wind speed.
Optimization, system further includes laser reflection unit, in step sl, it is also necessary to adjust swashing in laser reflection unit
The angle of light emitting eyeglass and laser pick-off eyeglass makes the Laser emission optical axis of emitter and the laser pick-off light of reception device
Axis is generally aligned in the same plane；In step s3, when the angle of the moving direction of the output end face of launching fiber and Laser emission optical axis
When changing, mobile transmitting optics adjusts eyeglass and realizes that transmitting plain edge edge is overlapped with the top edge of knife edge prism；It is mobile simultaneously
It receives optics and adjusts eyeglass, realize that emitter, reception device holding are not cut Laser emission optical axis and laser under the premise of light and connect
The angle for receiving optical axis is small as far as possible.
The present invention has the advantages that
(1) traditional coaxial configuration is used, because of the reflection of fiber end face and mirror surface, so that there are intermediate frequencies in echo-signal
Signal, intermediate-freuqncy signal may flood otiose wind velocity signal, and the wind speed of lower height cannot detect when low latitude being caused to measure.
The present invention adjusts the angle of Laser emission optical axis and laser pick-off optical axis, eliminates intermediate-freuqncy signal to the shadow of useful wind velocity signal
It rings, to improve signal-to-noise ratio, realizes detection accuracy and resolution capability to faint wind field signal.The present invention passes through angle α
It is adjustable, realize the Wind outline of measurement different height.
(2) present invention is by realizing coplanar Laser emission optical axis and laser pick-off optical axis, transmitting moving assembly and reception
Displacement surface in moving assembly is parallel with axial plane, to realize transmitting moving assembly and protect always when receiving moving assembly movement
Holding brightest area near the optical axis of echo-signal ensure that the receiving efficiency of radar in reception device end centre of optic fibre.Specifically
, launching fiber and reception optical fiber in the present invention use single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, and the core diameter is in ten microns, reception
Visual field is in differential of the arc measurement level, to improve coupling efficiency.
(3) present invention obtains Laser emission optical axis and laser pick-off optical axis by the shift position of calibration transmitting moving assembly
Angle, determine radar surveying height by angle, therefore can make to swash by changing the position of the output end face of launching fiber
Light emitting optical axis and laser pick-off optical axis intersect in several meters of low latitude height；The method achieve the quasi- non-blind area measurements of atmospheric wind.
Also, the present invention can only exploring laser light transmitting optical axis and laser pick-off optical axis two-beam intersection region in echo-signal, height
Resolution ratio is related with only intersection region length scale；Actual light beam overlapping region of the present invention is small, Measurement Resolution is also high.
(4) for windfinding radar using air scattering light as signal measurement wind field, air scattering signal is very weak；The present invention adopts
It can be accomplished under determining transmitting/Receiver aperture with the transmitting of knife edge prism, reception laser, Laser emission optical axis and reception laser
Optical axis included angle is small as far as possible, can dramatically increase the intersection region at measurement height and improve effective echoing volume, increases echo-signal
Intensity.And the present invention is equipped with shading diaphragm in knife edge prism tip, avoids transmitting laser forward scattering light and enters reception
In device, accomplishes transmitting light optical path and received light optical path to be completely independent, avoided transmitting light and interference is generated to reception device, from
And improve imaging signal to noise ratio.
(5) compatible two kinds of systems of pulse laser and continuous laser of the present invention；Compared with traditional pulse radar, using pulse body
When processed, due to the echo-signal near reception device only detection optical axis crossover location, the echo-signal is not by pulse width shadow
It rings, not by the interference of transmitting laser, radar can accomplish the detection of signal in ten meters of low latitude；And due to pulse radar peak work
Rate is high, and this programme can equally be accomplished to measure the atmospheric wind of a few km altitude ranges.
(6) processing and control element (PCE) causes the detection of doppler shifted signal and obtains Laser emission direction for completing wind field
Radial wind speed, meanwhile, control the measurement that emitter and reception device realize different height wind speed and direction.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 development of radar structure system schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Laser emission optical axis and the coplanar signal of laser pick-off optical axis and translation stage moving direction schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the wind field doppler shifted signal of 8 meters of height of actual measurement of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the wind field doppler shifted signal that the present invention measures 280 meters of height using continuous laser.
Fig. 5 is pilot time slot visibility monitoring curve of the present invention.
1- laser generating unit 11- laser 12- local oscillator light
2- laser emission element
21- the first fixing piece 22- emits the first beam expanding lens of translation stage 23- 24- launching fiber
3- laser reflection unit
31- emits optics and adjusts eyeglass 32- reception optics adjusting eyeglass 33- knife edge prism
4- laser pick-off unit
41- the second fixing piece 42- receives the second beam expanding lens of translation stage 43- 44- reception optical fiber
5- coupler 6- photoelectricity differential detector 7- processing and control element (PCE) 8- diaphragm
9- Laser emission optical axis 10- laser pick-off optical axis
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind velocity measurement system, including laser generating unit
1, emitter 2, laser reflection unit 3, reception device 4, coupler 5, photoelectricity differential detector 6, processing and control element (PCE) 7.
The laser generating unit 1 is divided into the beam splitting of two beams including laser 11, by the laser that laser 11 emits
Acousto-optic modulator is provided in the coaxial direction of device, wherein beam of laser, laser 11, which has been internally integrated frequency shifter, makes local oscillator light
There is fixed difference on the frequency between 12 and main laser 13.Acousto-optic modulator output end exports the main vibration light for being sent to emitter (2),
Another Shu Zuowei local oscillator light.Laser frequency of laser after acousto-optic modulator, which changes, generates fixed shift frequency.Main vibration light warp
Cross emitter 2, laser reflection unit 3 is emitted in air and measures Doppler frequency shift caused by air, carrying Doppler frequency shift
The echo-signal of signal is successively passed through laser reflection unit 3, the optical signal that reception device 4 receives and laser generating unit 1 and is sent out
Local oscillator optical signal out is input to coupling in coupler 5 together, the optical signal transmission of 5 output end of coupler to photoelectricity difference detecting
On device 6, photoelectricity differential detector 6 converts optical signals into after electric signal be transferred to and handled in processing and control element (PCE) 7 after, will
The detection of air doppler shifted signal, obtains atmosphere wind speed.
The emitter 2 includes the launching fiber 24 set gradually on Laser emission optical axis 9, the first beam expanding lens 23,
The main vibration light passes through the first beam expanding lens 23 after the transmission of launching fiber 24 and projects emitter 2, the output of launching fiber 24
Endface is additionally provided with the transmitting moving assembly for driving the end face mobile.Emitting moving assembly includes being used for fixed transmission optical fiber 24
Output end face the first fixing piece 21, transmitting translation stage 22, transmitting translation stage 22 is for fixing the first fixing piece 21 and drive
Fiber end face thereon moves on direction initialization.
The reception device 4 includes the second beam expanding lens 43 set gradually on laser pick-off optical axis 10, reception optical fiber 44,
Reception light across the second beam expanding lens 43 is input in the input end face of reception optical fiber 44, the input end face of the reception optical fiber 44
Place is provided with the reception moving assembly for adjusting the endface position.The reception moving assembly includes for fixed reception optical fiber 44
Second fixing piece 41 of input end face receives translation stage 42, receives translation stage 42 for fixing the second fixing piece 41 and driving it
On fiber end face moved on direction initialization.
The movement for emitting translation stage 22 realizes that transmitting laser focuses at various height；It adjusts simultaneously and receives translation stage 42
Position realize transmitting laser focusing focus at echo-signal, receive translation stage 42 movement so that reception optical fiber 44 input terminal
Face is always positioned at the focal point of reception device.
In this embodiment, emitter 2 is identical with the structure of reception device, that is, can be mass, and reduces production cost.
The laser reflection unit 3 includes that transmitting optics adjusts eyeglass 31, receives optics adjusting eyeglass 32, knife edge prism
33, a coated surface of the reflection of generation incident light that the transmitting optics adjusting eyeglass 31 issues emitter 2 to knife edge prism 33
On along position back reflection into atmosphere, in another coated surface of the knife edge prism 33 along position by the light received reflect
To after receiving optics adjusting eyeglass 32, receives optics adjusting eyeglass 32 and continues that light is reflected into reception device 4 second will be received
On beam expanding lens 43.The transmitting optics adjusts eyeglass 31 and receives the adjustable angle that optics adjusts eyeglass 32.In optical mirror slip group 3
Transmitting pH effect eyeglass 31, receive pH effect eyeglass 32 and knife edge prism 33 effect are as follows: the top of light beam will be emitted
The top edge that edge was overlapped with the upper edge of knife edge prism, received light beam is overlapped with edge on knife edge prism, can by two reclosing operations
It realizes that the angle between transmitting optical axis 9 and laser pick-off optical axis 10 is small as far as possible, improve the overlapping area of two light beams and then mention
High echo signal intensity.Edge is equipped with diaphragm 8 with 10 parallel direction of laser pick-off optical axis on the knife edge prism 33.It is sending out in this way
When penetrating the movement of translation stage 22, the direction for emitting light beam can change, and the laser for being irradiated to edge on knife edge prism 33 can spread out
Penetrating causes fraction of laser light to be directly incident in reception device 4；And laser forward scattering light may also enter reception device 4.Hair
The signal strength of 2 direct projection of injection device or forward scattering light is much better than the backscatter signal intensity of measurement level air.With knife
Play the role of that transmitting beam signal docking is avoided to receive signal interference along the diaphragm 8 being closely connected on cutting edge of a knife or a sword prism 33, realizes hair
Injection device 2 and reception device 4 are completely independent.
Using above system, the specific method is as follows:
S1, emitter 2 and reception device 4 are adjusted, makes the Laser emission optical axis 9 of emitter 2 and swashing for reception device 4
Light-receiving optical axis 10 is generally aligned in the same plane, which is plane A；
S2, it determines transmitting moving assembly and receives the displacement surface of moving assembly, it is ensured that emit moving assembly and receive movement
The displacement surface of component is parallel with plane A；
The angle of S3, the moving direction of the control transmitting moving assembly of processing and control element (PCE) 7 and Laser emission optical axis 9, are sending out
Moving assembly is penetrated in moving process, the position of guarantee transmitting laser focusing focus is always on Laser emission optical axis 9；Meanwhile
Processing and control element (PCE) 7 receives the position of moving assembly by adjusting, and the echo-signal at guarantee transmitting laser focusing focus is always
It is coupled into reception optical fiber 44 in 4 focal point of reception device；
S4, emitting moving assembly and receiving in moving assembly moving process, according to Laser emission optical axis 9 and laser pick-off
The angle α and transmitting moving assembly of optical axis 10 and the theory relation for receiving moving assembly position, are demarcated, and are realized according to transmitting
Moving assembly and the translational movement for receiving moving assembly obtain the angle of Laser emission optical axis 9 Yu laser pick-off optical axis 10, and then obtain
To the measurement height of radar；
S5, specified altitude assignment echo-signal after coupler 5 and local oscillator photo-beat frequency, photoelectricity differential detector 6 will be light
The beat signal of signal, which is converted to electric signal and is transmitted in processing and control element (PCE) 7, carries out Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), obtains current point
Radial wind speed.
When system further includes laser reflection unit 3, in step sl, it is also necessary to adjust the laser in laser reflection unit 3
The angle for emitting eyeglass 31 and laser pick-off eyeglass 32, makes the Laser emission optical axis 9 of emitter 2 and the laser of reception device 4
Optical axis 10 is received to be generally aligned in the same plane；In step s3, when the moving direction and Laser emission of the output end face of launching fiber 24
When the angle of optical axis 9 changes, mobile transmitting optics adjusts the top edge that eyeglass 31 realizes transmitting plain edge edge and knife edge prism
It is overlapped；The mobile optics that receives adjusts eyeglass 32 simultaneously, realizes that emitter 2, the holding of reception device 4 do not cut laser under the premise of light
Emit optical axis 9 and the angle of laser pick-off optical axis 10 is small as far as possible.
In order to realize principle most basic in the application, the laser reflection unit 3 in Fig. 1 is removed and is obtained such as Fig. 2 institute
The schematic diagram shown.
X-O-Y plane indicates the plane A where transmitting optical axis 9, laser pick-off optical axis 10 in figure, emits translation stage 22 and connects
The displacement plane for being closed flat moving stage 42 is parallel with plane A, and Y-axis is parallel with laser pick-off optical axis 10, X-axis and the first beam expanding lens 23 and the
The line of centres of two beam expanding lens 43 is parallel.In the case where transmitting translation stage 22 drives, the output end face for the launching fiber 24 being installed on it
It moves, the direction for emitting optical axis 9 is caused to change in A plane.Laser emission optical axis 9 and laser pick-off optical axis 10
Intersection position indicates the detection range of radar at a distance from system.Receive translation stage 42 drives the direction of motion and laser pick-off
Optical axis 10 is parallel or is overlapped, and drives corresponding fiber end face to move simultaneously respectively in transmitting translation stage 22 and reception translation stage 42,
To realize focus of the air scattering signal of 10 point of intersection of Laser emission optical axis 9 and laser pick-off optical axis on the second beam expanding lens 43
Just it falls on the input end face of reception optical fiber 44.
Drive the output end face of launching fiber 24 mobile in transmitting translation stage 22, to make the focal position for emitting light beam
It is changing, by the following setting angle β for calculating design transmitting translation stage 22, so that the output end face of launching fiber 24 exists
Realize transmitting beam focus just in the intersection point of Laser emission optical axis 9 and laser pick-off optical axis 10 when moving on the moving direction
Place.The method for determining angle α are as follows: determine the central point of the first beam expanding lens 23 and the central point spacing of the second beam expanding lens 43 first
Δ；Secondly a virtual measurement point (x, y) is determined on laser pick-off optical axis 10, calculates the Laser emission light Jing Guo the measurement point
The angle α of axis 9 and laser pick-off optical axis 10, the centre distance for calculating the measurement point Yu the first beam expanding lens 23Wherein (x, y0) it is 43 center position coordinates of the second beam expanding lens.Then being calculated according to object-image relation should
The image distance v that measurement point is imaged in the first beam expanding lens 23.Finally, calculating the output end face position coordinates (x', y') of launching fiber 24:
By above-mentioned formula, the output end face position coordinates of two groups of angle αs and corresponding launching fiber 24 are calculated, calculate transmitting
The setting angle β of translation stage 22.
In the position coordinates, transmitting laser focusing focus coordinate, transmitting translation stage of the output end face for obtaining launching fiber 24
After the theory relation of 22 setting angle β, emit the displacement and Laser emission optical axis 9 and laser pick-off optical axis 10 of translation stage 22
The relationship of angle α can be calculated easily according to geometrical relationship.But due to transmitting translation stage 22 initial position be it is opposite, do not have also
When having the corresponding relationship of theorize coordinate and physical location, need under the conditions of real atmosphere to transmitting laser focus position
The output end face position (x', y') of (x, y), launching fiber 24 is once demarcated, realization theory coordinate system and physical location
It is corresponding.Complete the measurement height that can calculate radar after demarcating according to the translational movement of transmitting translation stage 22 and the relationship of angle α.
Measurement height meets basic object-image relation with 42 position of translation stage is received；By the way that object can be established after once demarcating
As the corresponding relationship of relationship and reception 42 position of translation stage.Determined launching fiber 24 output end face and reception optical fiber 44 it is defeated
After the corresponding relationship for entering end face motion theory position and physical location, processing and control element (PCE) can be utilized under the conditions of real atmosphere
7 quantitative control transmitting translation stages 22 receive translation stage 42 and then realize the measurement to different height wind field.Emit in the present invention flat
Moving stage 22 only needs one-way movement, does not need to move upwards in a two-dimensional square, reduces adjust transmitting translation stage 22 in this way
Workload, while mobile required driving structure and guide frame in a dimension can also be saved, to save system
Cost.
According to the above design, the present invention realizes more caused by air movement of the measurement height for 8 meters in real atmosphere
General Le frequency shift signal, test result are as shown in Figure 3；The experiment results proved present invention has the atmosphere wind in 10 meters of low latitude of measurement
The ability of field, has reached expected purpose.We pass through the mobile transmitting translation stage 22 of Electronic control and reception translation stage 42 simultaneously
It sets to realize and doppler shifted signal is caused to 280 meters of wind speed of 16 meters of height and height.
The atmospheric visibility of pilot time slot is measured using visibility meter, measurement result shows that visibility is more than 50 kms,
Belong to the very clean experimental condition of air.The lower echo-signal of visibility is stronger, test is easier, and visibility height tests difficulty
Increase instead.It in addition, is further verifying system capability, whole system is arranged in support platform for this, support platform
Lower section is equipped on two-dimensional scanning turntable, and two-dimensional scanning turntable realizes the rotation in horizontal plane direction and the rotation of vertical direction.It surveys
The doppler shifted signal of 280 meters of amount height changes as shown in Figure 4 with dimensional turntable rotational orientation angle.The system is based on two dimension and turns
Platform gyrobearing angle can obtain 8 meters of low latitude height, particularly 280 meters in the clean atmosphere condition that visibility is more than 50 kms
The doppler shifted signal of height, experimental result as shown in figure 5, the test result demonstrate the present invention can not only measure it is low
Empty wind field is also equipped with the ability for measuring other height wind fields, it was demonstrated that the feasibility of used method.
The above is only the preferred embodiments of the invention, are not intended to limit the invention creation, all in the present invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should be included in the guarantor of the invention within the spirit and principle of creation
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind velocity measurement system, which is characterized in that including emitter (2),
Reception device (4), the emitter (2) are emitted to the Laser emission optical axis (9) of atmosphere and the laser pick-off of reception device (4)
Optical axis (10) forms angle α, the angle α adjustable angle.
2. a kind of quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind velocity measurement system according to claim 1, feature exist
In the emitter (2) includes launching fiber (24), the first beam expanding lens set gradually on Laser emission optical axis (9)
(23), main vibration light passes through the first beam expanding lens (23) after launching fiber (24) transmission and projects emitter (2), launching fiber
(24) the transmitting moving assembly for driving the end face mobile is additionally provided at output end face；
The reception device (4) includes the second beam expanding lens (43) set gradually on laser pick-off optical axis (10), reception optical fiber
(44), the reception light across the second beam expanding lens (43) is input in the input end face of reception optical fiber (44), the reception optical fiber
(44) the reception moving assembly for adjusting the endface position is provided at input end face.
3. a kind of quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind velocity measurement system according to claim 2, feature exist
In the transmitting moving assembly includes the first fixing piece (21) of the output end face for fixed transmission optical fiber (24), emits and put down
Moving stage (22), transmitting translation stage (22) are used to fix the first fixing piece (21) and drive fiber end face thereon in direction initialization
It is mobile；It is identical, it is described to receive the second fixing piece that moving assembly includes the input end face for fixed reception optical fiber (44)
(41), translation stage (42) are received, receives translation stage (42) and is used to fix the second fixing piece (41) and drives fiber end face thereon
It is moved on direction initialization.
4. a kind of quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind velocity measurement system according to claim 1, feature exist
In, the system also includes laser reflection unit (3), the laser reflection unit (3) include transmitting optics adjust eyeglass (31),
It receives optics and adjusts eyeglass (32), knife edge prism (33), what transmitting optics adjusting eyeglass (31) issued emitter (2)
The reflection of generation incident light to knife edge prism (33) a coated surface on along position back reflection into atmosphere, the knife edge prism (33)
After the light received is reflected into reception optics adjusting eyeglass (32) along position in another coated surface, receives optics and adjust mirror
Piece (32) continues to receive on the second beam expanding lens (43) that light is reflected into reception device (4).
5. a kind of quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind velocity measurement system according to claim 4, feature exist
In the transmitting optics adjusts eyeglass (31) and receives the adjustable angle that optics adjusts eyeglass (32).
6. a kind of quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind velocity measurement system according to claim 4, feature exist
In edge is equipped with diaphragm (8) with laser pick-off optical axis (10) parallel direction on the knife edge prism (33).
7. a kind of quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind velocity measurement system according to claim 1, feature exist
In the system also includes laser generating unit (1), the laser generating unit (1) includes laser (11), the laser
(11) laser emitted is pulse laser or continuous laser.
8. using a kind of quasi- non-blind area Doppler coherent laser radar wind velocity measurement system described in claim 2-7 any one
Method, which is characterized in that system further includes coupler (5), photoelectricity differential detector (6), processing and control element (PCE) (7), the party
Method the following steps are included:
S1, emitter (2) and reception device (4) are adjusted, makes the Laser emission optical axis (9) and reception device of emitter (2)
(4) laser pick-off optical axis (10) is generally aligned in the same plane, which is plane A；
S2, it determines transmitting moving assembly and receives the displacement surface of moving assembly, it is ensured that emit moving assembly and receive moving assembly
Displacement surface it is parallel with plane A；
S3, the moving direction of processing and control element (PCE) (7) control transmitting moving assembly and then change Laser emission optical axis (9) and laser
It is burnt to guarantee that transmitting laser focuses according to the angle of setting in transmitting moving assembly moving process for the angle for receiving optical axis (10)
The position of point is always on Laser emission optical axis (9)；Meanwhile processing and control element (PCE) (7) receives the position of moving assembly by adjusting
It sets, guarantees that the echo-signal at transmitting laser focusing focus is coupled into reception optical fiber (44) in reception device (4) focal point always
It is interior；
S4, emitting moving assembly and receiving in moving assembly moving process, according to Laser emission optical axis (9) and laser pick-off light
The angle α and transmitting moving assembly of axis (10) and the theory relation for receiving moving assembly position, are demarcated, and are realized according to transmitting
The translational movement of moving assembly obtains the angle of Laser emission optical axis (9) Yu laser pick-off optical axis (10), and then obtains the survey of radar
Amount height；
S5, specified altitude assignment echo-signal after coupler (5) and local oscillator photo-beat frequency, photoelectricity differential detector (6) will be light
The beat signal of signal is converted to electric signal and is transmitted to progress Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) in processing and control element (PCE) (7), obtains current
The radial wind speed of point.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, system further includes laser reflection unit (3), in step S1
In, it is also necessary to the angle for adjusting the Laser emission eyeglass (31) and laser pick-off eyeglass (32) in laser reflection unit (3) makes to send out
The Laser emission optical axis (9) of injection device (2) and the laser pick-off optical axis (10) of reception device (4) are generally aligned in the same plane；In step
It is mobile when the angle of the moving direction of the output end face of launching fiber (24) and Laser emission optical axis (9) changes in S3
Transmitting optics adjusts eyeglass (31) and realizes that transmitting plain edge edge is overlapped with the top edge of knife edge prism；The mobile optics that receives is adjusted simultaneously
Eyeglass (32) realizes that emitter (2), reception device (4) keep Laser emission optical axis (9) under the premise of not cutting light to connect with laser
The angle for receiving optical axis (10) is small as far as possible.
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| CN201910608446.5A CN110308454B (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | Wind speed measurement system and method of quasi-non-blind-area Doppler coherent laser radar |
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