CN110308170A - A kind of thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel Aging Damage methods of risk assessment - Google Patents

A kind of thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel Aging Damage methods of risk assessment Download PDF

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CN110308170A
CN110308170A CN201910454018.1A CN201910454018A CN110308170A CN 110308170 A CN110308170 A CN 110308170A CN 201910454018 A CN201910454018 A CN 201910454018A CN 110308170 A CN110308170 A CN 110308170A
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risk
sample
aging damage
service
steel
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杨德江
杨建立
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Hubei Qianchu Electric Power Technology Co Ltd
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Hubei Qianchu Electric Power Technology Co Ltd
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    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel Aging Damage methods of risk assessment, selection needs the thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel part of check and evaluation as sample；From needing to extract sample on check and evaluation component, or directly check and evaluation parts surface is being needed to choose sample；Sample preparation is carried out to tested sample using conventional metallographic sample preparation method；Tested sample metallographic or scanning electron microscope sample site are polished；Burnishing surface is corroded using etchant 3%-5% nital or ferric trichloride hydrochloric acid solution, cleaning, drying；Obtained test check face is watched under metallographic microscope or scanning electron microscope, is taken a picture；Widest original austenite crystal prevention and sub boundary width a under the visual field are measured using image analyzer, unit is μm；Δ=a/0.1 μm of as scene is detected assessment 9-12%Cr steel Aging Damage degree of risk factor values；Aging Damage risk stratification feature is compareed according to Δ to be assessed.This method is reliably, easily and fast.

Description

A kind of thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel Aging Damage methods of risk assessment
Technical field
The present invention relates to physical and chemical inspection technical fields, and in particular to a kind of thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel Aging Damage risk Appraisal procedure, the appraisal procedure suitable for metal material Aging Damage classification and risk of breakage.
Background technique
9-12%Cr ferritic alloyed steel is good with thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient is small, has enough elevated temperature strengths and tough Property the advantages that, be widely used in temperature parameter be 540 DEG C~650 DEG C within the scope of boiler, since 9-12%Cr steel is often used In boiler high temperature section component, operating pressure is big, temperature is high, and there are migration of element, crystal boundary or subgrains for material in During Process of Long-term Operation The aging phenomena such as boundary broadens, creep hole and crackle, may finally lead to fracture failure.At present to 9-12%Cr steel Aging Assessment Method has thermoisopleth extrapolation, L-M parametric method, θ method and Fine Texture of Material aging and creep impairment evaluation etc..But these sides Method infers method for based on empirical data, does not carry out Accurate Classification to the degree of Aging Damage, does not also provide an aging damage Hurt risk assessment.Therefore, for the feature of 9-12%Cr steel Aging Damage, being classified to Aging Damage degree of risk may be made Carrying out assessment at risk of breakage is particularly important.
In 9-12%Cr steel long term high temperature operational process, migration is gradually precipitated in element in material, and in original austenite crystal prevention Or sub boundary aggregation, grow up, lead to that original austenite crystal prevention or sub boundary are gradually clear, broaden, creep hole generates, chaining, most End form is at processes such as micro-cracks, by this variation it will be seen that material part characteristic, the theory for carrying out physical and chemical inspection assessment refer to Basis is led, can also be used as an important method of material property evaluation by the variation of original austenite crystal prevention or sub boundary, because This is brilliant caused by being spread using migration of element in original austenite crystal prevention in 9-12%Cr structure of steel or sub boundary During Process of Long-term Operation The Aging Damages degree such as boundary is gradually clear, broaden, hole production, chaining and crackle are formed are implemented to metal material Aging Damage Degree of risk classification and risk of breakage entry evaluation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, provide a kind of thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr Steel Aging Damage methods of risk assessment improves Aging Damage risk supervision and assessment accuracy.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel is old Change damage risk appraisal procedure, comprising the following steps:
1) the thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel part for choosing assessment to be detected, from needing to extract examination on check and evaluation steel part Sample, or directly check and evaluation steel part surface is being needed to choose sample；
2) lapping process 1) obtained sample, after sample is smooth, is successively ground, routinely metallographic phase sample from thick to thin with sand paper Product preparation method is polished, is polished；
3) 3%~5% nital of etchant or ferric trichloride hydrochloric acid solution are used to sample burnishing surface, when erosion Between 5~10s, clean sample erosion surface immediately in canescence, dry up；
4) using metallographic microscope or scanning electron microscope to through step 3), treated that sample is taken pictures；
5) it to the metallographic or scanning electron microscopic picture obtained through step 4), is measured using image analyzer, measures the view Widest original austenite crystal prevention and sub boundary width off field, as a, unit are μm；
6) formula Δ=a/0.1 μm of calculating Aging Damage risk assessment factor Δ is utilized, and utilizes the Aging Damage wind Dangerous evaluation factor Δ evaluates the Aging Damage relative risk degree of the thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel part of assessment to be detected.
In step 6), the specific evaluation process of Aging Damage relative risk degree includes:
When Δ≤1, degradation risk rank is I grades, devoid of risk, without processing；
When 1 < Δ≤2, degradation risk rank is II grades, low-risk, without processing；
When 2 < Δ≤5, degradation risk rank is III level, moderate risk, supervision operation；
When Δ > 5, degradation risk rank is IV grade, high risk, needs to sample at progress life appraisal or replacement in time Reason.
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effect of present invention is that: present invention detection with when assessment without to tested Material carries out long term test data and is used as foundation, using 9-12%Cr steel original austenite crystal prevention or sub boundary variation feature and Aging Damage risk stratification is analyzed, it can detection and assessment 9-12%Cr steel Aging Damage degree of risk have principle Simply, easy to operate, the features such as accurate with assessment result is detected, is quickly to detect and assess having for 9-12%Cr steel Aging Damage Imitate new method；Using method of the invention, sometimes can not pipe cutting field sampling can be detected and assess, it is convenient and efficient.
Specific embodiment
The method of the present invention includes the following steps:
The following steps are included:
Step 1, selection need the thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel part of check and evaluation；
Step 2, using mechanical means from needing to extract sample on check and evaluation component, or directly needing check and evaluation portion Choose sample in part surface；
Step 3, to test check face prepared by step 2, routinely metallographic preparation method uses abrasive machine to polish；
7) it after step 4, sample are smooth, is successively ground from thick to thin with sand paper, routinely preparation method of metallographic sample carries out Polishing；
Step 5 polishes step 4 test check face using conventional mechanical polishing or chemically polishing method；
Step 6 uses etchant 3%-5% nital or ferric trichloride hydrochloric acid molten step 5 sample burnishing surface Liquid, erosion time about 5-10s, making sample erosion surface is slightly in canescence, is cleaned immediately, drying；
Step 7, using test check face obtained by step 6 in metallographic microscope or scanning electron microscope to 0.1 μm can be measured It watched, taken a picture under precision enlargement ratio, select the risk assessment of grain boundary width maximum region progress degree of aging in visual field；
Step 8, the metallographic obtained using step 7 or scanning electron microscopic picture, are measured using image analyzer, are measured Widest original austenite crystal prevention and sub boundary width under the visual field, as a, unit are μm；
Step 9, using the obtained original austenite crystal prevention of step 8 and sub boundary width greatest measure, by formula Δ=a/0.1 It μm calculates, wherein Δ is the Aging Damage risk assessment factor, and value is that scene is detected assessment 9-12%Cr steel aging damage Hurt degree of risk factor values.
Step 10, the Aging Damage risk assessment factor Δ numerical value obtained using step 9, according to following degradation risk point Grade feature is assessed, and corresponding rank is i.e. as evaluation measured tube sample Aging Damage relative risk degree:
(1) when Δ≤1, degradation risk rank is I grades, devoid of risk, without processing.
(2) when 1 < Δ≤2, degradation risk rank is II grades, low-risk, without processing.
(3) when 2 < Δ≤5, degradation risk rank is III level, and moderate risk, supervision operation, sampling carries out when necessary Mechanics property analysis.
(4) when Δ > 5, degradation risk rank is IV grade, high risk, needs to sample progress life appraisal or replacement in time Processing.
Embodiment:
The method of the present invention the following steps are included:
Step 1, choose with boiler tubing to be detected be used as measured tube standard specimen, as material be P91, specification for Φ 580 × 80mm；
Step 2, directly need check and evaluation pipe surface choose pipeline among operating condition position the most serious as sample；
Step 3 polishes test check face prepared by step 2 using abrasive machine；
After step 4, sample are smooth, routinely preparation method of metallographic sample is polished；
Step 5 polishes step 4 test check face using chemically polishing method；
Step 6, to step 5 sample burnishing surface use etchant 3%-5% nital, erosion time about 8s, with It cleans, dries up；
Step 7, using test check face obtained by step 6 in metallographic microscope or scanning electron microscope to 0.1 μm can be measured It watched, taken a picture under precision enlargement ratio, select the risk assessment of grain boundary width maximum region progress degree of aging in visual field；
Step 8, the metallograph obtained using step 7, are measured using image analyzer, and side is measured under the visual field most Wide original austenite crystal prevention and sub boundary width, as a, such as measuring a is 0.1 μm；
Step 9, using the obtained original austenite crystal prevention of step 8 and sub boundary width greatest measure, by formula Δ=a/0.1 μm calculate, wherein Δ is the Aging Damage risk assessment factor, i.e. Δ=1.
Step 10, evaluation factor Δ=1 numerical value obtained using step 9, according to following degradation risk graded features into Row assessment, corresponding rank as evaluation measured tube sample Aging Damage relative risk degree, are chosen as I grades:
(1) when Δ≤1, degradation risk rank is I grades, devoid of risk, without processing.
(2) when 1 < Δ≤2, degradation risk rank is II grades, low-risk, without processing.
(3) when 2 < Δ≤5, degradation risk rank is III level, and moderate risk, supervision operation, sampling carries out when necessary Mechanics property analysis.
(4) when Δ > 5, degradation risk rank is IV grade, high risk, needs to sample progress life appraisal or replacement in time Processing.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel Aging Damage methods of risk assessment, which comprises the following steps:
1) the thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel part for choosing assessment to be detected, from needing to extract sample on check and evaluation steel part, Or directly check and evaluation steel part surface is being needed to choose sample；
2) lapping process 1) obtained sample, after sample is smooth, successively ground from thick to thin with sand paper, to the sample after grinding into Row polishing, polishing；
3) 3%~5% nital of etchant or ferric trichloride hydrochloric acid solution, erosion time 5 are used to sample burnishing surface ~10s makes sample erosion surface in canescence, cleans immediately, dries up；
4) using metallographic microscope or scanning electron microscope to through step 3), treated that sample is taken pictures；
5) to the metallographic or scanning electron microscopic picture obtained through step 4), widest original austenite crystal prevention and Asia under current field are obtained Grain boundary width, as a, unit are μm；
6) formula Δ=a/0.1 μm of calculating Aging Damage risk assessment factor Δ is utilized, and is commented using the Aging Damage risk Estimate the Aging Damage relative risk degree that factor Δ evaluates the thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel part of assessment to be detected.
2. thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel Aging Damage methods of risk assessment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step It is rapid 6) in, the specific evaluation process of Aging Damage relative risk degree includes:
When Δ≤1, degradation risk rank is I grades, devoid of risk, without processing；
When 1 < Δ≤2, degradation risk rank is II grades, low-risk, without processing；
When 2 < Δ≤5, degradation risk rank is III level, moderate risk, supervision operation；
When Δ > 5, degradation risk rank is IV grade, high risk, needs to sample in time and carries out life appraisal or replacement is handled.
3. thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel Aging Damage methods of risk assessment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step It is rapid 5) in, measured using image analyzer, obtain widest original austenite crystal prevention and sub boundary width under current field.
CN201910454018.1A 2019-05-29 2019-05-29 A kind of thermoelectricity station-service 9-12%Cr steel Aging Damage methods of risk assessment Pending CN110308170A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110806357A (en) * 2019-11-13 2020-02-18 中国石油大学(华东) Method for evaluating high-temperature creep damage based on low-temperature fracture
CN111879226A (en) * 2020-08-03 2020-11-03 华东理工大学 Furnace roller service life assessment method based on-site metallographic phase and roller surface deformation
CN112284860A (en) * 2020-09-11 2021-01-29 河钢股份有限公司 Etching agent for displaying austenitic structure of heat-resistant steel for air valve and using method
CN113740140A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-12-03 淮浙电力有限责任公司凤台发电分公司 Method for acquiring failure risk level of ferrite steel welded joint for thermal power plant

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110806357A (en) * 2019-11-13 2020-02-18 中国石油大学(华东) Method for evaluating high-temperature creep damage based on low-temperature fracture
CN111879226A (en) * 2020-08-03 2020-11-03 华东理工大学 Furnace roller service life assessment method based on-site metallographic phase and roller surface deformation
CN112284860A (en) * 2020-09-11 2021-01-29 河钢股份有限公司 Etching agent for displaying austenitic structure of heat-resistant steel for air valve and using method
CN113740140A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-12-03 淮浙电力有限责任公司凤台发电分公司 Method for acquiring failure risk level of ferrite steel welded joint for thermal power plant
CN113740140B (en) * 2021-07-30 2024-03-22 淮浙电力有限责任公司凤台发电分公司 Failure risk grade acquisition method for ferritic steel welded joint for thermal power plant

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Application publication date: 20191008