CN110307996B - Method for testing braking energy recovery rate of pure electric vehicle - Google Patents
Method for testing braking energy recovery rate of pure electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing the recovery rate of braking energy of a pure electric vehicle, which comprises the following steps: installing a sensor and data acquisition equipment; the method comprises the following steps that a test vehicle is subjected to a braking condition test in a rotary drum or a standard test field, and an upper computer reads measurement values of all sensors in real time through data acquisition equipment; calculating the brake dissipation energy according to the master cylinder pressure signal and the wheel rotating speed signal; calculating the recovered energy of the motor according to the master cylinder pressure signal, the wheel cylinder pressure signals and the wheel rotating speed signal; and (5) calculating the braking energy recovery rate. The invention calculates the recovery rate of the braking energy by the pressure of the master cylinder and the wheel cylinder, avoids the situation that a current sensor and a voltage sensor are additionally arranged on a high-voltage wire harness of the vehicle, and can accurately calculate the recovery rate of the braking energy only by one test. The operation is safe and simple, the test efficiency is high, and the device can be applied to drum tests and actual road tests.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pure electric vehicle braking energy recovery, and particularly relates to a method for testing the braking energy recovery rate of a pure electric vehicle.
Background
Under the background of increasing shortage of global non-renewable energy sources, various major manufacturers have introduced a braking energy recovery technology in order to improve the driving mileage of pure electric vehicles and reduce energy consumption. The braking energy recovery is an important way for realizing energy conservation and emission reduction of the hybrid electric vehicle and the pure electric vehicle. The conventional braking energy recovery technology mainly takes the braking energy recovery rate as an evaluation index, and the convenient and accurate measurement of the braking energy recovery rate is crucial to the development and evaluation of the pure electric vehicle, and the conventional test method cannot meet the requirements, so that a new test method is necessary to be provided on the basis of the conventional technology.
Several patent applications have been searched for in connection with the present invention:
the invention relates to a method and a system for testing braking energy recovery of an electric vehicle, wherein the Chinese patent publication No. is CN109084995A, the publication date is 2018.12.25, and the application No. is CN 201811002225.5. The invention utilizes the integration of current and voltage generated when the motor brakes to calculate the recovered braking energy, utilizes the vehicle speed change in the braking process to calculate the energy consumed by the brake, and finally calculates the recovery rate of the braking energy according to the ratio of the current to the voltage. The invention has the defects that current and voltage parameters are needed when the recovered braking energy is calculated, and the CAN message definition of each large whole vehicle factory adopts a secret strategy, so that the vehicle signal is very inconvenient to obtain. If the CAN message signal CAN not be acquired, extra current and voltage measuring equipment needs to be additionally arranged on the high-voltage wire harness of the power battery, so that potential safety hazards exist, the cost is high, and the operation is complex. In addition, when the dissipated energy of the brake is calculated, the influence of relevant resistance such as air resistance, rolling resistance and the like is not considered, the energy consumed by the brake is replaced by the vehicle kinetic energy variation, and the maximum energy which can be recovered by a brake system in the process of recovering the brake energy cannot be truly reflected.
The invention relates to a method for estimating the braking energy recovery rate of an electric vehicle, which is named as CN106183833A and 2016.12.07 in the publication date of China, and the application number of the method is CN 201610532621.3. The invention calculates the recovery rate of the braking energy by comparing two tests under the condition of turning on and off the braking energy recovery system. Because the two tests cannot ensure that the working condition speed, the finished automobile power battery state, the motor state and the power consumption state of the electronic appliance are completely consistent, and the energy recovery rate needs to be calculated through the two tests, the calculation precision is poor, the test difficulty is high, and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for testing a braking energy recovery rate of a pure electric vehicle, which does not need to collect current and voltage signals at a power battery end, does not need to collect parameters such as rolling resistance and wind resistance, and does not need to perform a comparison test under a braking energy recovery system being turned on or off. The method mainly utilizes the pressure of the master cylinder and the wheel cylinder to calculate the recovery rate of the braking energy, avoids the situation that a current sensor and a voltage sensor are additionally arranged on a high-voltage wire harness of the vehicle, and can accurately calculate the recovery rate of the braking energy only through one test. The operation is safe and simple, the test efficiency is high, and the device can be applied to drum tests and actual road tests.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a method for testing the braking energy recovery rate of a pure electric vehicle comprises the following steps:
1) installing sensors and data acquisition equipment, respectively installing wheel cylinder pressure sensors at the joints of wheel cylinder brake pipelines of a left front wheel, a right front wheel, a left rear wheel and a right rear wheel, installing a master cylinder pressure sensor at a master cylinder pressure output pipeline, installing wheel speed sensors at wheels, connecting the data acquisition equipment with signal output lines of the sensors, and connecting an upper computer with the data acquisition equipment;
2) the method comprises the following steps that a test vehicle is subjected to a braking condition test in a rotary drum or a standard test field, and an upper computer reads measurement values of all sensors in real time through data acquisition equipment;
3) according to master cylinder pressure signal PMAnd a wheel speed signal nwheelCalculating the dissipated energy of the brake;
4) according to master cylinder pressure signal PMPressure signal of each wheel cylinder and wheel speed signal nwheelCalculating the recovered energy of the motor;
5) and (5) calculating the braking energy recovery rate.
Further, the measured values of the sensors are a master cylinder pressure, a left front wheel cylinder pressure, a right front wheel cylinder pressure, a left rear wheel cylinder pressure, a right rear wheel cylinder pressure, and a wheel rotation speed.
Further, the brake dissipation energy is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula: pMIs the master cylinder pressure; dfThe diameter of a front wheel brake cylinder; rfThe effective acting radius of the front wheel; kbfIs a front wheel braking efficiency factor; drThe diameter of a rear wheel brake cylinder; rrEffective radius of action for the rear wheel; kbrA rear wheel braking efficiency factor; n iswheelIs the wheel speed; t is t1The moment is the starting moment of the braking working condition; t is t2The moment is the braking condition ending moment; wtotalDissipating the energy for the brake.
Further, the recovered energy of the motor is calculated by the following steps:
(1) calculating the braking torque of the motor by the following calculation formula:
in the formula: pMIs the master cylinder pressure; pFLLeft front wheel cylinder pressure; pFRIs the right front wheel cylinder pressure; pRLLeft rear wheel cylinder pressure; pRRIs the right rear wheel cylinder pressure; dfThe diameter of a front wheel brake cylinder; rfThe effective acting radius of the front wheel; kbfIs a front wheel braking efficiency factor; drThe diameter of a rear wheel brake cylinder; rrEffective radius of action for the rear wheel; kbrA rear wheel braking efficiency factor; t ismotThe braking torque of the motor is obtained;
(2) calculating the recovered energy of the motor, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: n iswheelIs the wheel speed; t ismotThe braking torque of the motor is obtained; etadrvFor transmission system efficiency; etagenThe average generating efficiency of the motor is obtained; t is t1The moment is the starting moment of the braking working condition; t is t2The moment is the braking condition ending moment; wregenEnergy is totally recovered for the motor.
Further, the braking energy recovery rate is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula: etaregThe braking energy recovery rate is achieved; wregenRecovering energy for the motor; wtotalDissipating the energy for the brake.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the pure electric vehicle braking energy recovery rate testing method, the braking energy recovery rate is indirectly calculated by using the master cylinder and the wheel cylinder pressure signals, so that a large amount of CAN signal decoding work is avoided, the workload is reduced, an additional high-pressure measuring device is prevented from being additionally arranged on a vehicle high-pressure wire harness, and the potential safety hazard and the measuring cost in the testing process are obviously reduced.
2. According to the pure electric vehicle braking energy recovery rate testing method, the brake dissipation energy is calculated by using the master cylinder pressure signal and the wheel rotating speed signal, parameters such as wind resistance and rolling resistance do not need to be measured, sliding resistance does not need to be obtained through a sliding test, and the brake dissipation energy is more convenient to calculate.
3. According to the pure electric vehicle braking energy recovery rate testing method, a comparison test under the condition that a braking energy recovery system is turned on or off is not needed, calculation errors caused by inconsistency of working condition speed, the state of a vehicle power battery, the state of a motor and the power consumption state of electronic appliances in two tests are avoided, and the braking energy recovery rate can be accurately calculated only through one test. The method is simple and accurate to operate, high in test efficiency and applicable to both drum tests and actual road tests.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pure electric vehicle braking energy recovery rate testing device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for testing the recovery rate of braking energy of the blade electric vehicle.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Examples
With reference to fig. 1, the pure electric vehicle braking energy recovery rate testing device of the present embodiment includes an upper computer, a data acquisition device, a wheel speed sensor, a master cylinder pressure sensor, and a wheel cylinder pressure sensor.
The upper computer is used for fusing, monitoring, recording and processing all data in the experimental process; the data acquisition equipment is used for acquiring signals of all the sensors; the wheel speed sensor is used for acquiring a wheel rotating speed signal; the master cylinder pressure sensor is used for acquiring master cylinder pressure signals; the wheel cylinder pressure sensor is used for collecting wheel cylinder pressure signals.
With reference to fig. 2, the method for testing the braking energy recovery rate of the pure electric vehicle according to the embodiment includes the following steps:
1) and installing a sensor and a data acquisition device. Wheel cylinder pressure sensors are respectively installed at the joints of the brake pipelines of the left front wheel, the right front wheel, the left rear wheel and the right rear wheel, a main cylinder pressure sensor is installed on a main cylinder pressure output pipeline, wheel speed sensors are installed at the positions of the wheels, data acquisition equipment is connected with signal output lines of the sensors, and an upper computer is connected with the data acquisition equipment.
2) The test vehicle is subjected to a braking condition test in a rotary drum or a standard test field, and the upper computer reads the measurement values of the sensors in real time through the data acquisition equipment. The sensor signal collected by the data acquisition device comprises a master cylinder pressure PMLeft front wheel cylinder pressure PFLFront right wheel cylinder pressure PFRLeft rear wheel cylinder pressure PRLRear right wheel cylinder pressure PRRAnd a wheel speed nwheel。
3) According to master cylinder pressure signal PMAnd a wheel speed signal nwheelAnd calculating the dissipated energy of the brake. The calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: pMIs the master cylinder pressure; dfThe diameter of a front wheel brake cylinder; rfThe effective acting radius of the front wheel; kbfIs a front wheel braking efficiency factor; drThe diameter of a rear wheel brake cylinder; rrEffective radius of action for the rear wheel; kbrA rear wheel braking efficiency factor; n iswheelIs the wheel speed; t is t1The moment is the starting moment of the braking working condition; t is t2The moment is the braking condition ending moment; wtotalDissipating the energy for the brake.
4) According to master cylinder pressure signal PMPressure signal of each wheel cylinder and wheel speed signal nwheelAnd calculating the recovered energy of the motor. The calculation steps are as follows:
(1) calculating the braking torque of the motor by the following calculation formula:
in the formula: pMIs the master cylinder pressure; pFLLeft front wheel cylinder pressure; pFRIs the right front wheel cylinder pressure; pRLLeft rear wheel cylinder pressure; pRRIs the right rear wheel cylinder pressure; dfThe diameter of a front wheel brake cylinder; rfThe effective acting radius of the front wheel; kbfIs a front wheel braking efficiency factor; drThe diameter of a rear wheel brake cylinder; rrEffective radius of action for the rear wheel; kbrA rear wheel braking efficiency factor; t ismotThe motor braking torque.
(2) Calculating the recovered energy of the motor, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: n iswheelIs the wheel speed; t ismotThe braking torque of the motor is obtained; etadrvFor transmission system efficiency; etagenThe average generating efficiency of the motor is obtained; t is t1The moment is the starting moment of the braking working condition; t is t2The moment is the braking condition ending moment; wregenEnergy is totally recovered for the motor.
5) And (5) calculating the braking energy recovery rate. The calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: etaregThe braking energy recovery rate is achieved; wregenRecovering energy for the motor; wtotalDissipating the energy for the brake.
The basic idea and the basic principle of the invention have been explained above by way of an introduction to the embodiments listed. The invention is in no way limited to the embodiments listed above. All equivalent changes, improvements and deliberate deterioration actions based on the technical scheme of the invention are to be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for testing the recovery rate of braking energy of a pure electric vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) installing sensors and data acquisition equipment, respectively installing wheel cylinder pressure sensors at the joints of wheel cylinder brake pipelines of a left front wheel, a right front wheel, a left rear wheel and a right rear wheel, installing a master cylinder pressure sensor at a master cylinder pressure output pipeline, installing wheel speed sensors at wheels, connecting the data acquisition equipment with signal output lines of the sensors, and connecting an upper computer with the data acquisition equipment;
2) the method comprises the following steps that a test vehicle is subjected to a braking condition test in a rotary drum or a standard test field, and an upper computer reads measurement values of all sensors in real time through data acquisition equipment;
3) according to master cylinder pressure signal PMAnd a wheel speed signal nwheelCalculating the dissipated energy of the brake; the brake dissipation energy is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula: pMIs the master cylinder pressure; dfThe diameter of a front wheel brake cylinder; rfThe effective acting radius of the front wheel; kbfIs a front wheel braking efficiency factor; drBraking wheel cylinder for rear wheelA diameter; rrEffective radius of action for the rear wheel; kbrA rear wheel braking efficiency factor; n iswheelIs the wheel speed; t is t1The moment is the starting moment of the braking working condition; t is t2The moment is the braking condition ending moment; wtotalDissipating the total energy consumed by the brake;
4) according to master cylinder pressure signal PMPressure signal of each wheel cylinder and wheel speed signal nwheelCalculating the recovered energy of the motor; the recovered energy of the motor is obtained by calculation through the following steps:
step a: calculating the braking torque of the motor by the following calculation formula:
in the formula: pMIs the master cylinder pressure; pFLLeft front wheel cylinder pressure; pFRIs the right front wheel cylinder pressure; pRLLeft rear wheel cylinder pressure; pRRIs the right rear wheel cylinder pressure; dfThe diameter of a front wheel brake cylinder; rfThe effective acting radius of the front wheel; kbfIs a front wheel braking efficiency factor; drThe diameter of a rear wheel brake cylinder; rrEffective radius of action for the rear wheel; kbrA rear wheel braking efficiency factor; t ismotThe braking torque of the motor is obtained;
step b: calculating the recovered energy of the motor, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: n iswheelIs the wheel speed; t ismotThe braking torque of the motor is obtained; etadrvFor transmission system efficiency; etagenThe average generating efficiency of the motor is obtained; t is t1The moment is the starting moment of the braking working condition; t is t2The moment is the braking condition ending moment; wregenRecovering energy for the motor;
5) and (5) calculating the braking energy recovery rate.
2. The pure electric vehicle braking energy recovery rate testing method according to claim 1, wherein the measured values of the sensors are a master cylinder pressure, a left front wheel cylinder pressure, a right front wheel cylinder pressure, a left rear wheel cylinder pressure, a right rear wheel cylinder pressure and a wheel rotation speed.
3. The pure electric vehicle braking energy recovery rate testing method according to claim 1, wherein the braking energy recovery rate is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula: etaregThe braking energy recovery rate is achieved; wregenRecovering energy for the motor; wtotalDissipating the energy for the brake.
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| CN111735638A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-10-02 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Braking energy recovery evaluation method for electric commercial vehicle |
| CN112918484B (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-12-16 | 北京车和家信息技术有限公司 | Vehicle brake system control method and device |
| CN113587991A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-02 | 一汽奔腾轿车有限公司 | Pure electric passenger car energy flow testing system and testing method under complex environment |
| CN114509282B (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-05-16 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Energy efficiency evaluation method and system for braking energy recovery system of hybrid electric vehicle based on whole vehicle working condition |
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| CN108032848A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-05-15 | 吉林大学 | A kind of brake power recovering device and its control method |
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| JP2005198479A (en) * | 2003-12-30 | 2005-07-21 | Hyundai Motor Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for controlling regenerative braking in electric automobile |
| CN106183833A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-12-07 | 中国第汽车股份有限公司 | Electric vehicle brake power response rate evaluation method |
| CN107444132A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-12-08 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | The appraisal procedure and device of Brake energy recovery rate |
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