CN110305688A - The method and device of ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling - Google Patents
The method and device of ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
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Abstract
This disclosure relates to a kind of method and device of ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling, provide a kind of method of ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling, method includes the following steps: (A) desiccation: ocean waste plastics being dehydrated, dehydration waste plastics is obtained；(B) it is pyrolyzed: in an oxygen-free atmosphere, dehydration waste plastics obtained in step (A) being pyrolyzed, product liquid, gas-phase product and solid product are obtained；And (C) separation: water-oil separating is carried out to product liquid obtained in step (B), obtains pyrolysis oil.Additionally provide a kind of device of ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling.
Description
Technical field
The disclosure belongs to environmental energy field, is related to a kind of method and device of ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling.Tool
It says to body, this disclosure relates to a kind of ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling fluidized bed plant and method.
Background technique
Raising with people to the degree of dependence of plastic product, this nondegradable material of plastics cause serious
Problem of environmental pollution and along food chain enrichment influence human health.The plastic refuse not handled appropriately in daily life
So that gradually being increased in ocean with plastic pollution object existing for fragment or granular way, plastic pollution object is also along with ocean current
It moves and is transported to the marine environmental pollution brought in global range all over the world.According to United Nations Environment Programme 2017
Statistics, finally flow into ocean per year over 8000000 tons of plastics, marine ecosystems caused at least 8,000,000,000 dollars of damage
It loses.China is plastics-production big country, and it is objective that ocean plastic pollution is not allowed equally, " 2017 Chinese Sea Ecological environment situation bulletin "
Statistics show that marine float rubbish, seabeach rubbish, plastic garbage ranks first in the rubbish of seabed, account for 87% respectively, 76%,
74%, it is much higher than Other Waste type.Plastic garbage can be carried out over long distances after entering ocean by external forces such as wind-force, ocean currents
Migration.Weathering, broken plastic grain can be taken in by many different organisms in the process, damage marine organisms storage
Deposit the ability of energy.And these plastic garbages can be transmitted by marine food chain, eventually enter into human foods chain to human health
Safety threatens.
Mainly there are landfill method, incineration method, regeneration method, edman degradation Edman and hot tearing for the processing method of plastic garbage at present
Solution.Although landfill method processing is simple, plastics are due to will not substantially be decomposed and can occupy a large amount of soil, meeting
Cause secondary pollution.Incineration method processing plastics can generate harmful substance, cause secondary pollution to environment so not advocating.Regeneration
Utilization method and edman degradation Edman have very high requirement for plastics classification, and impurity, higher cost are easily mixed into molding.Pyrolysismethod has
The abundant, advantage that small to environmental hazard and product is recycling of degradation, can also obtain various industrial chemicals, becoming makes at the same time
The important means of plastics fully degraded.
Chinese patent application CN201110174043.8 introduces a kind of waste plastic cracking processing unit.Chinese patent application
CN200810036702.X discloses a kind of method of mixed waste plastic continuous catalysis cracking production fuel oil, is included in 360-
Cracking waste plastics at a temperature of 390 DEG C, crude oil heating vaporization enters second level catalytic cracking and modifies fluidized-bed reactor, in temperature 390-
Catalytic cracking at 400 DEG C can produce gasoline, diesel.Chinese patent application CN200710126111.7 discloses a kind of waste plastics company
Continuous cracking technology and equipment, but the emission treatment amount that the apparatus structure is complicated, energy consumption is high, operation difficulty is big, exhaust gas gives up solid is big.
The method of the above-mentioned prior art mainly for waste plastic garbage in solid waste pyrolysis, but to ocean plastics rubbish
There has been no involved for the pyrolysis treating method of rubbish.Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, there is an urgent need in the art to develop
A kind of pyrolysis treating method and device for ocean plastic garbage, it can be achieved that the minimizing of ocean plastic garbage, it is innoxious,
Recycling；Existing pyrolytic process is improved simultaneously, preferably improves the calorific value and quality of pyrolysis oil.
Summary of the invention
This application provides a kind of method and devices of novel ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling, to effectively solve
It has determined problems of the prior art.
On the one hand, this application provides a kind of method of ocean waste plastics coupling desiccation pyrolysis, this method includes following step
It is rapid:
(A) desiccation: ocean waste plastics is dehydrated, and obtains dehydration waste plastics；
(B) it is pyrolyzed: in an oxygen-free atmosphere, dehydration waste plastics obtained in step (A) being pyrolyzed, obtains liquid production
Object, gas-phase product and solid product；And
(C) it separates: water-oil separating being carried out to product liquid obtained in step (B), obtains pyrolysis oil.
In one preferred embodiment, in step (A), the ocean waste plastics includes 30 weight %-40 weight
Measure % polyethylene, 20 weight %-25 weight % polypropylene, 5 weight %-10 weight % polystyrene and 20 weight %-25 weight
Measure the synthetic fibers of %；The ocean waste plastics that the moisture content is 30 weight %-60 weight % is carried out by rotary flow desiccator
Dehydration, obtains dehydration waste plastics of the moisture content less than 10 weight %.
In another preferred embodiment, in step (B), pyrolysis includes fluidizing to the dehydration waste plastics
Afterwards, two stage cyclone separation is carried out.
In another preferred embodiment, in step (B), being pyrolyzed required pyrolysis temperature is 300 DEG C -500 DEG C,
The rate of heat addition is 1000K/s-10000K/s.
In another preferred embodiment, gas-phase product a part obtained in step (B) is as pyrolysis fluidized gas
It uses, another part generates heat after burning and uses for rotary flow desiccator；The solid product is sent into coke after excluding coke
Pond processing.
On the other hand, this application provides a kind of device of ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling, which includes:
Rotary flow desiccator, for carrying out step (A) desiccation: ocean waste plastics being dehydrated, dehydration waste plastics is obtained；
Coupling fluidized bed, the primary cyclone with coupling fluidized bed connection of built-in rotary flow desiccator, and with one
The secondary cyclone of grade cyclone separator connection, for carrying out step (B) pyrolysis: in an oxygen-free atmosphere, will be in step (A)
Obtained dehydration waste plastics is pyrolyzed, and product liquid, gas-phase product and solid product are obtained；And
The oil water separator being connect with secondary cyclone, for carrying out step (C) separation: to being obtained in step (B)
Product liquid carry out water-oil separating, obtain pyrolysis oil.
In one preferred embodiment, the device further include:
Blower is connect with the feeder above rotary flow desiccator, and the ocean waste plastics storage tank connecting with blower, institute
Ocean waste plastics is stated through blower by being dehydrated in feeder feeding rotary flow desiccator；
The heat exchanger of coupling fluidized bed emulsion zone section is set, and the entrance of heat exchanger is revolved by hot ash control valve and level-one
The connection of wind separator bottom；
The coke pit of secondary cyclone bottom is set；The condenser being connect with secondary cyclone top, with
The gas-liquid separator of condenser connection, gas-liquid separator lower section are connect with oil water separator, and top and non-condensable gas storage tank connect
It connects, and
The burner being placed between non-condensable gas storage tank and rotary flow desiccator.
In one preferred embodiment, coupling fluidized bed by rotary flow desiccator and material blanking tube and fluidized-bed reactor group
At；Air distribution plate, ash releasing tube and return port are arranged at fluidized-bed reactor bottom, and there are air inlet and an air inlet in side.
In another preferred embodiment, material of the ocean waste plastics after rotary flow desiccator inward eddy is dry is aqueous
Rate is discharged less than 10 weight % by rotary flow desiccator lower part, into material blanking tube.
In another preferred embodiment, material blanking tube is connect with fluidized-bed reactor side, is tilted in 35-65 degree.
The utility model has the advantages that
The beneficial effect of the method and device of the ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling of the application is:
(1) using ocean waste plastics as the raw material of pyrolysis, plastic garbage bring marine environmental pollution can not only be alleviated
Problem avoids secondary pollution, while realizing its resource utilization, improves utilization rate, meets sustainable development idea.
(2) existing pyrolytic process is improved and utilized, ocean waste plastics is carried out at desiccation by rotary flow desiccator first
It manages and then is pyrolyzed again, reduce thermal loss and improve the yield and quality of pyrolysis liquids.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is provided for a further understanding of the present invention, it simply forms a part of this specification with into one
Step explains the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.
Fig. 1 is the signal of the ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling technique of a preferred embodiment according to the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the coupling fluidized bed schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment according to the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Present inventor has found afterwards after extensive and in-depth study, existing for waste plastics in solid waste
The problems such as device of refuse pyrolysis is big in the presence of the emission treatment amount that structure is complicated, energy consumption is high, operation difficulty is big, exhaust gas gives up solid, and
The prior art not yet relates to the pyrolysis treating method and device for ocean plastic garbage.
In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, dry and pyrolytic process is incorporated into one by present inventor, is passed through
Rotary flow desiccator carries out drying and other treatment to ocean waste plastics and then is pyrolyzed again, not only realizes the minimizing to plastics, subtracts
Its few secondary pollution, and its utilization rate is improved, reduce energy loss, improves the yield and quality of pyrolysis liquids, from
And solve problems of the prior art.
Technical concept of the invention is as follows: the method and device of ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling of the invention is improved simultaneously
Using existing pyrolytic process, it is pyrolyzed fluidized bed plant using coupling desiccation, by rotary flow desiccator to contained by the waste plastics of ocean
Moisture carries out desiccation pretreatment and is pyrolyzed again, can more efficiently obtain pyrolysis oil, and as far as possible sufficiently manage pyrolysis gas
By, while obtaining higher liquid yield.
In the disclosure in a first aspect, providing a kind of method of ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling, this method includes
Following steps:
(A) desiccation: the ocean waste plastics that moisture content is 30-60 weight % is dehydrated, moisture content < 10 weight % are obtained
Waste plastics；
(B) it is pyrolyzed: in oxygen-free atmosphere, heat being carried out to dehydration waste plastics obtained in step (A) at 300 DEG C -500 DEG C
Solution, obtains product liquid, gas-phase product and solid product；And
(C) it separates: water-oil separating being carried out to product liquid obtained in step (B), obtains pyrolysis oil.
In the disclosure, in step (A), the ocean waste plastics is poly- comprising 30%-40% polyethylene, 20%-25%
The synthetic fibers of propylene, 5%-10% polystyrene and 20%-25% are (including polyethylene terephthalate, acrylonitrile, poly-
Amide etc.)；Ocean waste plastics is dehydrated by rotary flow desiccator.
In the disclosure, in step (B), the pyrolysis includes carrying out two stage cyclone point after fluidizing to waste plastics
From.
In the disclosure, in step (B), being pyrolyzed required pyrolysis temperature is 300-500 DEG C, rate of heat addition 1000-
10000K/s。
In the disclosure, in step (B), resulting gas-phase product a part is used as pyrolysis fluidized gas, another portion
Heat is generated after lease making burning to use for rotary flow desiccator；Resulting solid product is sent into coke pit processing after excluding coke.
In the second aspect of the disclosure, a kind of device of ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling is provided, which includes:
Rotary flow desiccator, for carrying out above-mentioned steps (A)；
Coupling fluidized bed, the primary cyclone with coupling fluidized bed connection of built-in rotary flow desiccator, and with one
The secondary cyclone of grade cyclone separator connection, for carrying out above-mentioned steps (B)；And
The oil water separator being connect with secondary cyclone, for carrying out above-mentioned steps (C).
In the disclosure, the device further include:
Blower is connect with the feeder above rotary flow desiccator, and the ocean waste plastics storage tank connecting with blower, institute
Ocean waste plastics is stated through blower by being dehydrated in feeder feeding rotary flow desiccator；
The heat exchanger of coupling fluidized bed emulsion zone section is set, and the entrance of heat exchanger is revolved by hot ash control valve and level-one
The connection of wind separator bottom；
The coke pit of secondary cyclone bottom is set；The condenser being connect with secondary cyclone top, with
The gas-liquid separator of condenser connection, gas-liquid separator lower section are connect with oil water separator, and top and non-condensable gas storage tank connect
It connects；And
The burner being placed between non-condensable gas storage tank and rotary flow desiccator.
In the disclosure, described coupling fluidized bed to be made of rotary flow desiccator and material blanking tube and fluidized-bed reactor；Fluidisation
Bed reactor bottom has air distribution plate, ash releasing tube and return port, and there are air inlet and an air inlet in side.
In the disclosure, material water ratio of the ocean waste plastics after rotary flow desiccator inward eddy is dry is less than 10 weights
% is measured, is discharged by rotary flow desiccator lower part, into material blanking tube.
In the disclosure, the material blanking tube is connect with fluidized-bed reactor side, is tilted in 35-65 degree.
Below referring to attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the signal of the ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling technique of a preferred embodiment according to the present invention
Figure.As shown in Figure 1, the ocean waste plastics in storage Yu Haiyang's waste plastics storage tank 1 is laggard to feeder 6 through 2 pneumatic conveying of blower
Enter coupling fluidized bed 4, by built-in 3 eddy flow desiccation of rotary flow desiccator, obtains dehydration waste plastics；Dehydration waste plastics is sent into fluidisation
Obtained product is sent into primary cyclone 7 after sufficiently being fluidized pyrolysis and carries out gas solid separation, isolated by bed conversion zone
Material a part sends fluidized bed burner hearth back to, and another part enters heat exchanger 5 by hot ash control valve 8, flows into fluidized bed after heat exchange
Reactor, surplus material are discharged through the solid product obtained after separation of secondary cyclone 8 by discharge valve, lead to coke pit 10
Processing, gas-phase product enter gas-liquid separator 13 after the condensation of condenser 11, and obtained incoagulable gas enters non-condensable gas
Storage tank 14, a portion incoagulable gas lead to fluidized-bed reactor, use as fluidizing gas, and another part is through gas-liquid point
Heat is generated for rotary flow desiccator use from burner 15 is sent into after device cyclone ash removal；The warp of product liquid obtained in condenser 11
After oil water separator 12 separates, water-phase product returns to condenser 11 and is used as condensed water, and oil-phase product enters water oil tank.
Fig. 2 is the coupling fluidized bed schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment according to the present invention.As shown in Fig. 2, coupling
Fluidized bed 4 is made of rotary flow desiccator 3, material blanking tube 16 and fluidized-bed reactor；Air distribution plate 17, row are arranged at fluidized-bed reactor bottom
There are air inlet 19 and an air inlet 21 in ash pipe 18 and return port 20, side.
Embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained.It should be appreciated, however, that these embodiments are only used for
It is bright the present invention and be not meant to limit the scope of the invention.The test method of actual conditions is not specified in the following example, usually
According to normal conditions, or according to the normal condition proposed by manufacturer.Unless otherwise indicated, all percentage and number be by weight
Meter.
Embodiment 1:
Group is gathered as 35% polyethylene, 25% polypropylene, 5% polystyrene, 10% polyethylene terephthalate, 10%
The feeder that the ocean waste plastics of acrylonitrile and 5% polyamide is tied with condensate pipe is sent into fluidized-bed reactor, passes through eddy flow
Moisture content is down to 5 weight % by 40 weight % after drying, is sent into fluidized-bed reaction layer, wherein feed rate 200kg/h；It urges
Agent is HZSM-5 molecular sieve (being purchased from Catalyst Factory, Nankai Univ).By I and II cyclonic separation after sufficiently being fluidized pyrolysis
Device enters condenser, and for product liquid obtained in condenser after oil water separator separates, oil-phase product enters water oil tank.Instead
Answer condition and major product to be distributed see the table below 1 and the following table 2 respectively.
Embodiment 2:
Group becomes the sea of 20% polyethylene, 20% polypropylene, 10% polystyrene, 5% polyacrylonitrile and 10% polyamide
The feeder that foreign waste plastics is tied with condensate pipe is sent into fluidized-bed reactor, by moisture content after cyclone drying by 45 weight %
8 weight % are down to, fluidized-bed reaction layer is sent into, wherein feed rate 250kg/h, catalyst are that HZSM-5 molecular sieve (is purchased from
Catalyst Factory, Nankai Univ).Condenser is entered by I and II cyclone separator after sufficiently being fluidized pyrolysis, in condenser
To product liquid after oil water separator separates, oil-phase product enters water oil tank.Reaction condition and major product distribution point
It not see the table below 1 and the following table 2.
Embodiment 3:
Group is gathered as 40% polyethylene, 20% polypropylene, 8% polystyrene, 15% polyethylene terephthalate, 5%
The feeder that the ocean waste plastics of acrylonitrile and 5% polyamide is tied with condensate pipe is sent into fluidized-bed reactor, passes through eddy flow
Moisture content is down to 6 weight % by 35 weight % after drying, is sent into fluidized-bed reaction layer, wherein feed rate 500kg/h is urged
Agent is Pt-Co (being purchased from Catalyst Factory, Nankai Univ).Sufficiently fluidized pyrolysis after by I and II cyclone separator enter it is cold
Condenser, for product liquid obtained in condenser after oil water separator separates, oil-phase product enters water oil tank.Reaction condition and
Major product distribution see the table below 1 and the following table 2 respectively.
Table 1: reaction condition
Table 2: major product is distributed (%)
It is from upper table 2 it can be seen that small with the method for the present invention and device processing ocean waste plastics and biomass, thermal decomposition product
Molecular olefine content is lower, aromatic hydrocarbon content is higher, coking rate is lower, can produce the higher light-oil-fuel of added value, is real
The resource utilization of existing ocean waste plastics provides a kind of high-quality and efficient production method and device.
Above-mentioned listed embodiment is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, implementation model not for the purpose of limiting the invention
It encloses.Equivalence changes and modification made by the content of i.e. all claims according to the present invention, all should be technology model of the invention
Farmland.
All references mentioned in the present invention is incorporated herein by reference, independent just as each document
It is incorporated as with reference to such.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the above teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can
To make various changes or modifications to the present invention, such equivalent forms equally fall within model defined by the application the appended claims
It encloses.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling, method includes the following steps:
(A) desiccation: ocean waste plastics is dehydrated, and obtains dehydration waste plastics；
(B) it is pyrolyzed: in an oxygen-free atmosphere, dehydration waste plastics obtained in step (A) being pyrolyzed, product liquid, gas are obtained
Phase product and solid product；And
(C) it separates: water-oil separating being carried out to product liquid obtained in step (B), obtains pyrolysis oil.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (A), the ocean waste plastics includes 30 weights
Measure %-40 weight % polyethylene, 20 weight %-25 weight % polypropylene, 5 weight %-10 weight % polystyrene and 20 weights
Measure the synthetic fibers of %-25 weight %；The ocean that the moisture content is 30 weight %-60 weight % is given up by rotary flow desiccator
Plastics are dehydrated, and dehydration waste plastics of the moisture content less than 10 weight % is obtained.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (B), pyrolysis include to the dehydration waste plastics into
After row fluidisation, two stage cyclone separation is carried out.
4. method as claimed in claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that in step (B), being pyrolyzed required pyrolysis temperature is 300
DEG C -500 DEG C, rate of heat addition 1000K/s-10000K/s.
5. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that gas-phase product a part obtained in step (B) is as pyrolysis
Fluidized gas uses, and another part generates heat after burning and uses for rotary flow desiccator；The solid product is sent after excluding coke
Enter coke pit processing.
6. a kind of device of ocean waste plastics desiccation pyrolysis coupling, the device include:
Rotary flow desiccator (3), for carrying out step (A) desiccation: ocean waste plastics being dehydrated, dehydration waste plastics is obtained；
Coupling fluidized bed (4) of built-in rotary flow desiccator (3), the primary cyclone (7) being connect with coupling fluidized bed (4),
And the secondary cyclone (9) being connect with primary cyclone (7), for carrying out step (B) pyrolysis: in oxygen-free atmosphere
In, dehydration waste plastics obtained in step (A) is pyrolyzed, product liquid, gas-phase product and solid product are obtained；And
The oil water separator (12) being connect with secondary cyclone (8), for carrying out step (C) separation: being obtained in step (B)
The product liquid arrived carries out water-oil separating, obtains pyrolysis oil.
7. device as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the device further include:
Blower (2) is connect with the feeder (6) above rotary flow desiccator (3), and the useless modeling in the ocean connecting with blower (2)
Expect storage tank (1), the ocean waste plastics is sent into rotary flow desiccator by feeder through blower and is dehydrated；
Heat exchanger (5) in the emulsion zone section of coupling fluidized bed (4) is set, and the entrance of heat exchanger (5) passes through hot ash control valve (8)
It is connect with primary cyclone (7) bottom；
Coke pit (10) in secondary cyclone (9) bottom is set；With the condensation being connect above secondary cyclone (9)
Device (11), the gas-liquid separator (13) connecting with condenser (11), gas-liquid separator (13) lower section connect with oil water separator (12)
It connecing, top is connect with non-condensable gas storage tank (14), and
The burner (15) being placed between non-condensable gas storage tank (14) and rotary flow desiccator (3).
8. device as claimed in claims 6 or 7, which is characterized in that coupling fluidized bed (4) are by rotary flow desiccator (3) and blanking
Manage (16) and fluidized-bed reactor composition；Air distribution plate (17), ash releasing tube (18) and return port (20) are arranged at fluidized-bed reactor bottom,
There is air inlet (19) He Yici air inlet (21) in side.
9. device as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that ocean waste plastics is after rotary flow desiccator (3) inward eddy is dry
Material water ratio less than 10 weight %, be discharged by rotary flow desiccator (3) lower part, into material blanking tube (16).
10. device as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that material blanking tube (16) is connect with fluidized-bed reactor side, is in
The inclination of 35-65 degree.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111909714A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-10 | 武汉瀚德科技发展有限责任公司 | Energy conversion processing technology based on continuous treatment of marine plastic waste |
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Application publication date: 20191008 |