CN110299220A - 一种安全防火电缆 - Google Patents

一种安全防火电缆 Download PDF

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CN110299220A
CN110299220A CN201910617568.0A CN201910617568A CN110299220A CN 110299220 A CN110299220 A CN 110299220A CN 201910617568 A CN201910617568 A CN 201910617568A CN 110299220 A CN110299220 A CN 110299220A
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李石磊
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Abstract

本方案属于电缆技术领域,具体公开了一种安全防火电缆,包括芯线、绝缘层和铠装层,所述芯线、绝缘层和铠装层由内往外依次设置,其特征在于:还包括气囊和填充层,所述气囊和填充层均设置在绝缘层和铠装层之间,所述气囊内设有氮气;还包括防护层和引火杆,所述防护层设置在铠装层上,并与电缆形成一个空腔;所述引火杆固定在铠装层上,引火杆的一端伸出防护层外,另一端延伸进铠装层内并连接至气囊上,所述引火杆的着火点低于防护层和铠装层的着火点。与传统的电缆相比,本方案利用氮气和防护层的配合,有效的增加了电缆防火的性能,延长了电缆起火的时间,为救援人员争取了救援的时间。

Description

一种安全防火电缆
技术领域
本方案属于电缆技术领域,具体公开了一种安全防火电缆。
背景技术
电力电缆是用于传输和分配电能的电缆,常用于城市地下电网、发电站的 引出线路、工矿企业的内部供电及过江、过海的水下输电线。
随着社会的发展,高层建筑、重要建筑的防火越来越为人们所重视,尤其是火灾易发的地区,一般会采用防火电缆。现有技术中的防火电缆,一般采用阻燃电缆或耐火电缆,该阻燃电缆,一般只是在绝缘材料和护层材料中加入阻燃剂,其绝缘材料和护层材料本身还是可以燃烧的,一旦发生火灾,该阻燃电缆仍然会燃起熊熊大火,电缆本身在运行时也可能会出现击穿等故障而引发火灾,不能有效的阻燃,隔燃。
因此,急需一种防火能力强的电缆,以增加电缆的安全性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种安全防火电缆,以增加电缆的防火性能。
为了达到上述目的,本方案提供一种安全防火电缆,包括芯线、绝缘层和铠装层,所述芯线、绝缘层和铠装层由内往外依次设置,还包括气囊和填充层,所述气囊和填充层均设置在绝缘层和铠装层之间,所述气囊内设有氮气;还包括防护层和引火杆,所述防护层设置在铠装层上,并与电缆形成一个空腔;所述引火杆固定在铠装层上,引火杆的一端伸出防护层外,另一端延伸进铠装层内并连接至气囊上,所述引火杆的着火点低于防护层和铠装层的着火点。
本方案的原理和有益效果在于:气囊可起到良好的缓冲的作用,可有效的增加电缆的抗压性。当发生火灾时,由于引火杆的起火点比较低,则其会率先着火燃烧。当引火杆燃烧至气囊时,气囊则被损坏,氮气从电缆中持续喷出,可起到良好的防火效果。同时,由于防护层的存在,防护层对氮气进行导流,并使得氮气大量的容纳在空腔中,一方面是增大了空腔的氮含量,使得电缆不易起火,另一方面也减少了氮气的过快流失。与传统的电缆相比,本方案利用氮气和防护层的配合,有效的增加了电缆防火的性能,延长了电缆起火的时间,为救援人员争取了救援的时间。
进一步,所述填充层为玻璃纤维填充层,玻璃纤维填充层的绝缘性好,且具有良好的缓冲作用。
进一步,所述绝缘层为聚醚醚酮绝缘层。绝缘层为聚醚醚酮绝缘层,绝缘性能优异。
进一步,所述铠装层为聚四氟乙烯铠装层。聚四氟乙烯具有优良的化学稳定性、耐腐蚀性、密封性、高润滑不粘性、电绝缘性和良好的抗老化耐力,使用效果好。
进一步,所述防护层的一端伸入铠装层内,且伸入铠装层内的一端上设有密封板,所述密封板与防护层一体成型。密封板的设置,有效的增加了电缆的密封性,避免氮气泄露。
进一步,所述防护层的数量为多个,并沿着电缆圆周分布,所述引火杆的数量与防护层相同,且与防护层对应设置。相对于单个的防护层,设置多个可使得引火杆的燃烧路径更短,更容易打开氮气囊,容错率更低。同时,也可从多个方位的进行防火,防火效果更好。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种安全防火电缆实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式进一步详细说明:
说明书附图中的附图标记包括:芯线10、绝缘层11、填充层12、气囊20、防护层30、引火杆31、铠装层32。
如图1所示,本方案提供一种安全防火电缆,内部总共有五组芯线单元,每组芯线单元均包括芯线10和包覆在其外部的绝缘层11组成,绝缘层11采用绝缘性能优秀的聚醚醚酮材料制成。最中心的芯线单元有一个大的芯线10,其他的四组沿着其圆周分布,内部含有多个芯线10。
每组芯线单元外都填充有填充层12,填充层12采用玻璃纤维填充层12,其绝缘性好,且具有良好的缓冲作用。填充层12之间则是设有四个气囊20,气囊20内冲有氮气。气囊20的进气口与引火杆31连接,甚至于,可以将引火杆31做成气囊20的进气塞。形式不限,只要引火杆31燃烧至气囊20时,气囊20能够打开放气即可。
再外层则是铠装层32,铠装层32为聚四氟乙烯铠装层32。聚四氟乙烯具有优良的化学稳定性、耐腐蚀性、密封性、高润滑不粘性、电绝缘性和良好的抗老化耐力,使用效果好。铠装层32设有四个安装口,每个安装口处都设有引火杆31和防护层30。
引火杆31的中间部分固定在铠装层32的外侧,引火杆31的一端伸出防护层30外,另一端延伸进铠装层32内并连接至气囊20上。防护层30的一端也伸入防护层30内,并且该端还一体成型有密封块,密封块为弧形,其尺寸大于密封口即可,主要用来密封密封口的,密封效果好。防护层30不能紧贴铠装层32,应与铠装层32之间设有一定的空间,并与铠装层32形成了四个空腔。
最值得注意的是,引火杆31的着火点必须低于铠装层32和防护层30。一般说来,建议防护层30和铠装层32用高耐温的材料制成,最好在其表面再涂上一层防火层。而引火杆31可选择木材或者烟火爆竹的引线。为了避免其变质失效,在其表面再弄一层蜡油,密封性也能得以提高,效果更好。
本方案中,气囊20可起到良好的缓冲的作用,可有效的增加电缆的抗压性。当发生火灾时,由于引火杆31的起火点比较低,则其会率先着火燃烧。当引火杆31燃烧至气囊20时,气囊20则被损坏,氮气从电缆中持续喷出,可起到良好的防火效果。同时,由于防护层30的存在,防护层30对氮气进行导流,并使得氮气大量的容纳在空腔中,一方面是增大了空腔的氮含量,使得电缆不易起火,另一方面也减少了氮气的过快流失。与传统的电缆相比,本方案利用氮气和防护层30的配合,有效的增加了电缆防火的性能,延长了电缆起火的时间,为救援人员争取了救援的时间。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施例,方案中公知的具体结构及特性等常识在此未作过多描述。应当指出,对于本领域的技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明结构的前提下,还可以作出若干变形和改进,这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围,这些都不会影响本发明实施的效果和专利的实用性。本申请要求的保护范围应当以其权利要求的内容为准,说明书中的具体实施方式等记载可以用于解释权利要求的内容。

Claims (6)

1.一种安全防火电缆,包括芯线、绝缘层和铠装层,所述芯线、绝缘层和铠装层由内往外依次设置,其特征在于:还包括气囊和填充层,所述气囊和填充层均设置在绝缘层和铠装层之间,所述气囊内设有氮气;还包括防护层和引火杆,所述防护层设置在铠装层上,并与电缆形成一个空腔;所述引火杆固定在铠装层上,引火杆的一端伸出防护层外,另一端延伸进铠装层内并连接至气囊上,所述引火杆的着火点低于防护层和铠装层的着火点。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种安全防火电缆,其特征在于:所述填充层为玻璃纤维填充层。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种安全防火电缆,其特征在于:所述绝缘层为聚醚醚酮绝缘层。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种安全防火电缆,其特征在于:所述铠装层为聚四氟乙烯铠装层。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种安全防火电缆,其特征在于:所述防护层的一端伸入铠装层内,且伸入铠装层内的一端上设有密封板,所述密封板与防护层一体成型。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种安全防火电缆,其特征在于:所述防护层的数量为多个,并沿着电缆圆周分布,所述引火杆的数量与防护层相同,且与防护层对应设置。
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CN106057337A (zh) * 2016-07-30 2016-10-26 江苏远方电缆厂有限公司 35kv以下铜芯铝芯同轴复合塑料绝缘电缆
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CN209045216U (zh) * 2018-12-24 2019-06-28 联众线缆科技(吉安)有限公司 一种阻燃爆破电缆
CN209980805U (zh) * 2019-07-10 2020-01-21 重庆新重煤线缆有限公司 一种安全防火电缆

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