CN110296888B - Rock tensile strength in-situ testing device and method - Google Patents
Rock tensile strength in-situ testing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110296888B CN110296888B CN201910543791.5A CN201910543791A CN110296888B CN 110296888 B CN110296888 B CN 110296888B CN 201910543791 A CN201910543791 A CN 201910543791A CN 110296888 B CN110296888 B CN 110296888B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
- G01N2203/0046—Vacuum
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
Abstract
The invention discloses a rock tensile strength in-situ testing device and method, which comprises a core drilling machine for drilling and sampling a rock sample, wherein the core drilling machine comprises a drilling machine base, the top of the drilling machine base is provided with a motor, the output shaft of the motor is connected with the input shaft of a gearbox, the motor and the gearbox are both arranged on a hand-operated lifting mechanism, and the hand-operated lifting mechanism is matched with a handle and drives the handle to lift; and a drill rod for drilling is arranged on an output shaft of the gearbox. This device adopts collapsible drilling rod and the half spiral core drill of half plane to combine vacuum suction technique, making the rock specimen be located the condition of rock wall, survey the tensile strength of assigned face, reduce the disturbance to the rock specimen, thereby survey more accurate rock tensile strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a testing method of tensile strength of original rock and magnetic field control, in particular to an in-situ testing device and method of tensile strength of rock.
Background
At present, the method for testing the tensile strength of the rock mainly comprises the steps of manufacturing specific rock samples, wherein most of the rock samples are thick at two ends and thin in the middle, and the purpose of the method is to facilitate a clamp to clamp the rock samples and stretch the rock samples towards two sides. Its advantages are simple operation; the disadvantages are that the processing and manufacturing cost of the rock sample is too high; in the test clamping process, stress near the clamp is concentrated, the rock sample is easy to damage due to uneven stress, and the rock sample is disturbed when taken out, so that the measured result is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an in-situ rock tensile strength testing device and method, the device adopts a retractable drill rod and a semi-plane semi-spiral hollow drill and combines a vacuum suction technology to measure the tensile strength of a specified surface under the condition that a rock sample is positioned on a rock wall, and the disturbance to the rock sample is reduced, so that the more accurate rock tensile strength is measured.
In order to achieve the technical features, the invention is realized as follows: the in-situ testing device for the tensile strength of the rock comprises a core drilling machine for drilling and sampling a rock sample, wherein the core drilling machine comprises a drilling machine base, a motor is arranged at the top of the drilling machine base, an output shaft of the motor is connected with an input shaft of a gearbox, the motor and the gearbox are both arranged on a hand-operated lifting mechanism, and the hand-operated lifting mechanism is matched with a handle and drives the handle to lift; and a drill rod for drilling is arranged on an output shaft of the gearbox.
The drill rod is a half-thread-shaped drill rod, the half-thread-shaped drill rod is of a cylindrical barrel structure, drill teeth are arranged at the top end of the half-thread-shaped drill rod, and a section of internal thread with a certain length is arranged on the inner wall of the half-thread-shaped drill rod, which is opposite to the drill teeth; and in the subsequent test, the internal thread is fixedly connected with the drilled rock sample through threads.
The drilling rod adopts shrink clamp type drilling rod, shrink clamp type drilling rod has the oblique breach of arc in processing along its axial direction, the gear structure of reverse arrangement has been processed respectively on two inside walls of the oblique breach of arc, gear structure and the gear engagement transmission of installing on hollow rotating shaft, hollow rotating shaft's top is installed and is used for driving its pivoted carousel, and the baffle that is used for protecting gear structure is installed to the position that leans on to connect the oblique breach of arc on the inner wall of shrink clamp type drilling rod.
The drill rod adopts a vacuum chuck type drill rod, a vacuum chuck is installed at the tail end of the top of the vacuum chuck type drill rod, and the vacuum chuck is connected with a vacuum generating device used for generating vacuum suction.
The vacuum generating device comprises a vacuum tank, an air compressor is connected to the vacuum tank, the air compressor is connected with a driving motor used for providing power, the vacuum tank is connected with a vacuum sucker through a vacuum pipe, and a valve is mounted on the vacuum pipe.
The drill rod is a smooth straight-wall drill rod, a bonding layer capable of bonding the smooth straight-wall drill rod and the rock sample is filled in a gap between the smooth straight-wall drill rod and the rock sample, and the bonding layer is made of acrylate structural adhesive, neutral silicone sealant or an expanding agent.
The drilling rod adopts magnetic force actuation drilling rod, the afterbody of magnetic force actuation drilling rod has magnet through adhesion layer or fix with by rivet, perhaps fixes with the sealed container who fills the magnetic current body through adhesion layer at the afterbody of magnetic force actuation drilling rod.
The magnet is fixed at the tail end of the drill rod through an annular hoop.
The testing method of the rock tensile strength in-situ testing device comprises the following steps:
when testing with half-threaded drill rods:
s1: selecting a rock area to be measured and a measurement depth to determine the length of the half-thread-shaped drill rod;
s2: connecting the prepared half-thread drill rod with an upper core drilling machine;
s3: high-temperature lubricating grease is added into the half-thread drill rod, so that the phenomenon that the drill rod is broken due to overlarge torque of the drill rod during coring is avoided;
s4: starting a core drilling machine, drilling into a corresponding depth in a planned area, generating a plurality of circles of threads at the tail end of the rock sample column, and enabling the internal threads on the half-thread-shaped drill rod to be matched with the threads on the rock sample column so as to enable the half-thread-shaped drill rod to clamp the rock sample column;
s5: separating the half-thread drill rod from the drilling machine, pouring industrial alcohol or gasoline cleaning lubricating grease into the half-thread drill rod, and waiting until the gasoline or the alcohol is completely volatilized;
s6: wrapping a layer of outer-covering closed container containing magnetic fluid at the tail end of the half-thread-shaped drill rod, or bonding the electromagnet and the drill rod together through a strong adhesive, generating a magnetic field on the drill rod by using a magnetic field generator, magnetizing the magnetic fluid at the top of the half-thread-shaped drill rod to generate a strong pulling force, and gradually increasing the magnetic field strength until the rock sample column and the half-thread-shaped drill rod are separated from the ground together; measuring the magnetic field intensity when the rock sample is separated, and calculating the tensile strength of the rock sample column by using a formula; wherein, the drill rod can not be pulled out after the drill string, and the rock sample column can not be processed, thus preventing the interference to the test;
when a shrink-grip drill rod is used for testing:
s1: selecting a rock area to be measured and a measurement depth to determine the length of the shrinkage clamp type drill rod;
s2: connecting the prepared contraction clamping type drill rod to an upper core drilling machine;
s3: high-temperature lubricating grease is added into the shrinkage clamping type drill rod, so that the phenomenon that the drill rod is broken due to overlarge torque of the drill rod during coring is avoided;
s4: starting a core drilling machine, drilling into a corresponding depth in a planned area, taking down the drilling machine, pouring industrial alcohol or gasoline into the contraction clamping type drill rod to clean lubricating grease, and waiting until the gasoline or the alcohol is completely volatilized;
s5: connecting the rotary table with a hollow rotating shaft of the drill rod, rotating the rotary table, screwing the contraction clamping type drill rod through a gear structure, reducing the diameter of the contraction clamping type drill rod, enabling the contraction clamping type drill rod to tightly clamp the rock pillar, increasing the friction between the contraction clamping type drill rod and the rock pillar through screwing the drill rod, and taking down the rotary table after screwing;
s6: fixing a magnet at the tail end of the shrinkage clamping type drill rod and the rock pillar by using a strong adhesive, or fixing a container filled with magnetic fluid by using the strong adhesive, or fastening a bottle cap-shaped magnet by using an annular steel sheet; the tensile strength of the rock pillar is measured by increasing an external electromagnetic field to perform tensile test on the rock pillar;
when the vacuum chuck type drill rod is adopted for testing:
s1: selecting a rock surface, and drilling a rock sample by using a vacuum sucker type drill rod designed by a core drilling machine, wherein the vacuum sucker type drill rod is always kept in the rock surface to wrap the rock sample;
s2: the coring drill rod is divided into two parts, the diameter of the inner end of the coring drill rod is smaller and is attached to a rock pillar, the diameter of the outer end of the coring drill rod is larger, so that a vacuum sucker can wrap and adsorb a rock sample conveniently, the outer diameters of the rods are the same, the vacuum sucker can suck the rock pillar in the rod through a vacuum generating device, the suction force is gradually increased, the tensile force when the rock pillar is finally sucked is larger than the pulling resistance of the rock sample, and the tensile strain modulus of the rock pillar is measured by measuring the tensile strain of the rock pillar under the conditions of different suction forces;
s3: the rock pillar is drilled downwards continuously, the drilling machine is dismounted every section, the tensile strength of the rock pillar is measured once through the vacuum chuck, the section generated when the vacuum chuck sucks the rock pillar can be in any angle, the vacuum suction force is removed after the sucked rock pillar is broken, the broken rock pillar is removed, the next section of suction is carried out, and the tensile strength of the rock pillars with different depths can be measured;
s4: continuously drilling a rock sample by using a core drill to obtain a larger length, continuously pumping the rock sample to obtain a plurality of groups of data, and finally measuring the more accurate tensile strength of the rock;
when a smooth straight-walled drill rod is used for testing:
s1: selecting the depth, the position and the angle of the rock to be measured, wherein the depth and the position are the rock to be measured;
s2: after drilling to a corresponding depth by using a core drilling machine, separating the drilling machine from the smooth straight-wall drill rod, and keeping the smooth straight-wall drill rod in the rock surface all the time to wrap the rock sample;
s3: injecting a strong viscous expandable liquid between the smooth straight-wall drill rod and the rock sample slit to form a bonding layer and expanding the bonding layer so as to generate strong friction force and ensure that the friction force is greater than the tensile resistance;
s4: pulling out the rock sample and the drill rod together, and measuring the tensile strength at the moment;
s5: the same rock sample with the same angle, the same depth and different positions is measured for multiple times, and errors are prevented.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the high-temperature lubricating grease added when the drill rod drills the rock core can resist high temperature, the friction between the drill rod and the rock core is reduced, disturbance is reduced, and the taken out rock core is closer to the original state.
2. After the drill rod drills the rock core with the required experimental length, the rotation speed of the drill rod is reduced, diesel oil, kerosene or temperature-dependent alkali liquor which do not contain water is directly introduced into the drill rod, so that the lubricant on the surface of the rock core is eliminated, the rock core can be hooped when the drill rod contracts, friction is increased, and sliding is prevented.
3. The drill rod is left in the rock without being pulled out after the rock sample is drilled by the drill rod, so that the disturbance to the rock sample is reduced, and the final measured result is more accurate.
4. And (3) carrying out tension test on the designated surface by tightening the designated surface of the rock sample or controlling the length of the thread nested on the rock sample, and measuring the tension strength of different surfaces of the rock.
5. The drill rod is wrapped by an outer covering container filled with magnetic fluid or is pasted with an electromagnet through a strong adhesive, and an electromagnetic field is applied to the tail end of the drill rod to carry out tensile test, so that the stress at the tail end is dispersed and uniform in stress, and the phenomenon that the drill rod is damaged due to overlarge local stress is prevented.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural view of a half-threaded drill rod according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the retractable grip drill rod of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a top view of the shrink-grip drill rod of figure 3 according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a structural view of a vacuum generator according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a structural view of the smooth straight-wall drill rod of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a slice rock drilling diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram of a drill rod structure using an adhesive layer to mount magnets in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a drill stem structure view of the present invention employing rivets to mount magnets.
FIG. 10 is a drill pipe block diagram of the present invention employing an adhesive layer to install a sealed vessel.
FIG. 11 is a drill pipe block diagram employing the annular collar to mount the magnets of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a semi-threaded drill rod 1, a contraction clamping type drill rod 2, internal threads 1-1, a drilling machine base 1-2, a handle 1-3, a motor 1-4, a gearbox 1-5, a hollow rotating shaft 2-1, a baffle 2-2, a rotary table 2-3, a vacuum chuck type drill rod 3, a vacuum chuck 3-1, a valve 3-2, a driving motor 3-3, a vacuum tank 3-4, an air compressor 3-5, a smooth straight-wall drill rod 4, a bonding layer 4-1, a magnet 5, a rivet 6, a sealing container 7, an annular hoop 8 and a bonding layer 9.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-11, an in-situ testing device for tensile strength of rock comprises a core drill for drilling and sampling a rock sample, wherein the core drill comprises a drill base 1-2, a motor 1-4 is mounted at the top of the drill base 1-2, an output shaft of the motor 1-4 is connected with an input shaft of a gearbox 1-5, the motor 1-4 and the gearbox 1-5 are both mounted on a hand-operated lifting mechanism, and the hand-operated lifting mechanism is matched with a handle 1-3 and drives the handle to lift; and the output shaft of the gearbox 1-5 is provided with a drill rod for drilling. By adopting the testing device with the structure, the rock pillar can be kept in the corresponding rock sample area in the testing process, and the accuracy of subsequent measurement data is further ensured.
Further, the drill rod is a half-thread-shaped drill rod 1, the half-thread-shaped drill rod 1 is of a cylindrical barrel structure, drill teeth are arranged at the top end of the half-thread-shaped drill rod, and a section of internal thread 1-1 with a certain length is arranged on the inner wall of the half-thread-shaped drill rod opposite to the drill teeth; in the subsequent test, the internal thread 1-1 is fixedly connected with the drilled rock sample through threads. The internal thread 1-1 can ensure that the drill rod is fixedly connected with the rock pillar after the rock sample is drilled. As far as possible to ensure undisturbed rock. While ensuring subsequent tensile testing.
Further, the drill rod adopts a contraction clamping type drill rod 2, an arc-shaped inclined notch is machined in the contraction clamping type drill rod 2 along the axial direction of the contraction clamping type drill rod, reversely arranged gear structures are respectively machined on two inner side walls of the arc-shaped inclined notch, the gear structures are in meshing transmission with gears installed on a hollow rotating shaft 2-1, a rotating disc 2-3 used for driving the hollow rotating shaft 2-1 to rotate is installed at the top end of the hollow rotating shaft 2-1, and a baffle 2-2 used for protecting the gear structures is installed on the inner wall of the contraction clamping type drill rod 2 and close to the arc-shaped inclined notch. The baffle 2-2 is used for preventing rock debris from entering the hollow rotating shaft in the drilling process; the hollow rotating shaft of the drill rod is screwed tightly by adopting a gear meshing rotation method through the rotary tables 2-3.
Further, the drill rod is a vacuum chuck type drill rod 3, a vacuum chuck 3-1 is installed at the tail end of the top of the vacuum chuck type drill rod 3, and the vacuum chuck 3-1 is connected with a vacuum generating device for generating vacuum suction. The vacuum generating device comprises a vacuum tank 3-4, an air compressor 3-5 is connected to the vacuum tank 3-4, the air compressor 3-5 is connected with a driving motor 3-3 used for providing power, the vacuum tank 3-4 is connected with a vacuum chuck 3-1 through a vacuum pipe, and a valve 3-2 is mounted on the vacuum pipe. The vacuum chuck 3-1 pumps the rock sample in the rod through the air compressor, the suction force is gradually increased, and the pulling force during final pumping of the rock sample is larger than the pulling resistance of the rock sample. And the tensile strain and the tensile stress of the rock sample can be measured under the condition of different suction forces, so that the tensile deformation modulus of the rock sample can be measured.
Further, the drill rod is a smooth straight-wall drill rod 4, a bonding layer 4-1 capable of bonding the smooth straight-wall drill rod 4 and the rock sample is filled in a gap between the smooth straight-wall drill rod 4 and the rock sample, and the bonding layer 4-1 is made of acrylate structural adhesive, neutral silicone sealant or an expanding agent. Through the viscosity or the expansibility of the bonding layer 4-1, the strong frictional resistance between the rock sample and the drill rod is greater than the tensile strength of the rock pillar, and then the tensile test is carried out.
Further, the drill rod adopts a magnetic attraction drill rod, a magnet 5 is fixed at the tail of the magnetic attraction drill rod through an adhesive layer 9 or a rivet 6, or a sealed container 7 filled with magnetic fluid is fixed at the tail of the magnetic attraction drill rod through the adhesive layer 9.
Further, the magnet 5 is fixed at the end of the drill rod by an annular hoop 8. The magnet 5 is connected to avoid the clamp from connecting huge stress generated on the rock sample when the tensile test is carried out. The external electromagnetic field is increased to act on the magnet 5 to generate magnetic field force, the bonding strength of the strong bonding layer 9 is greater than the tensile strength of the rock sample, and the phenomenon that the magnet 5 falls off due to overlarge electromagnetic force in the measuring process is avoided, so that the tensile strength of the rock pillar is measured. The electromagnetic force is accurately adjustable, and the tensile deformation modulus of the rock sample is calculated by measuring the tensile strain of the rock sample under different electromagnetic forces
Example 2:
the testing method of the rock tensile strength in-situ testing device comprises the following steps:
when testing with a half-threaded drill rod 1:
s1: selecting a rock area to be measured and a measurement depth to determine the length of the half-thread-shaped drill rod 1;
s2: connecting the prepared half-thread drill rod 1 with an upper core drilling machine;
s3: high-temperature lubricating grease is added into the half-thread drill rod 1, so that the phenomenon that the drill rod is broken due to overlarge torque of the drill rod during coring is avoided;
s4: starting a core drilling machine, drilling into a corresponding depth in a planned area, generating a plurality of circles of threads at the tail end of the rock sample column, and enabling the internal threads 1-1 on the half-thread-shaped drill rod 1 to be matched with the threads on the rock sample column, so that the half-thread-shaped drill rod 1 hoops the rock sample column;
s5: separating the half-thread-shaped drill rod 1 from the drilling machine, pouring industrial alcohol or gasoline cleaning lubricating grease into the half-thread-shaped drill rod 1, and waiting until the gasoline or the alcohol is completely volatilized;
s6: wrapping a layer of external closed container containing magnetic fluid at the tail end of the half-thread-shaped drill rod 1, or bonding the electromagnet and the drill rod together through a strong adhesive, generating a magnetic field on the drill rod by using a magnetic field generator, magnetizing the magnetic fluid at the top of the half-thread-shaped drill rod 1 to generate a strong pulling force, and gradually increasing the magnetic field strength until the rock sample column and the half-thread-shaped drill rod 1 are separated from the ground together; measuring the magnetic field intensity when the rock sample is separated, and calculating the tensile strength of the rock sample column by using a formula; wherein, the drill rod can not be pulled out after the drill string, and the rock sample column can not be processed, thus preventing the interference to the test;
example 3:
when testing with the shrink-grip drill rod 2:
s1: selecting a rock area to be measured and a measurement depth to determine the length of the shrink-grip drill rod 2;
s2: connecting the prepared contraction clamping type drill rod 2 to an upper core drilling machine;
s3: high-temperature lubricating grease is added into the contraction clamping type drill rod 2, so that the phenomenon that the drill rod is broken due to overlarge torque of the drill rod during coring is avoided;
s4: starting a core drilling machine, drilling into a corresponding depth in a planned area, taking down the drilling machine, pouring industrial alcohol or gasoline cleaning lubricating grease into the contraction clamping type drill rod 2, and waiting until the gasoline or the alcohol is completely volatilized;
s5: connecting a rotary table 2-3 with a hollow rotating shaft 2-1 of a drill rod, rotating the rotary table 2-3, screwing the contraction clamping type drill rod 2 through a gear structure, reducing the diameter of the contraction clamping type drill rod 2, enabling the contraction clamping type drill rod 2 to tightly clamp a rock pillar, increasing the friction between the contraction clamping type drill rod 2 and the rock pillar through screwing the drill rod, and taking down the rotary table 2-3 after screwing;
s6: fixing a magnet at the tail ends of the shrinkage clamping type drill rod 2 and the rock pillar by using a strong adhesive, or fixing a container filled with magnetic fluid by using the strong adhesive, or fastening a bottle cap-shaped magnet by using an annular steel sheet; the tensile strength of the rock pillar is measured by increasing an external electromagnetic field to perform tensile test on the rock pillar;
example 4:
when testing with the vacuum chuck drill rod 3:
s1: selecting a rock surface, drilling a rock sample by using a vacuum sucker type drill rod 3 designed by a core drilling machine, wherein the vacuum sucker type drill rod 3 is always kept in the rock surface to wrap the rock sample;
s2: the coring drill rod is divided into two parts, the diameter of the inner end of the coring drill rod is smaller and is attached to a rock column, the diameter of the outer end of the coring drill rod is larger, a vacuum sucker 3-1 can wrap and adsorb a rock sample conveniently, the outer diameters of the rods are the same, the vacuum sucker can suck the rock column in the rods through a vacuum generating device, the suction force is gradually increased, the tensile force when the rock column is finally sucked is larger than the pulling resistance of the rock sample, and the tensile strain modulus of the rock column is measured by measuring the tensile strain of the rock column under the condition of different suction forces;
s3: the rock pillar is drilled downwards continuously, the drilling machine is dismounted every section, the tensile strength of the rock pillar is measured once through the vacuum chuck, the section generated when the vacuum chuck sucks the rock pillar can be in any angle, the vacuum suction force is removed after the sucked rock pillar is broken, the broken rock pillar is removed, the next section of suction is carried out, and the tensile strength of the rock pillars with different depths can be measured;
s4: continuously drilling a rock sample by using a core drill to obtain a larger length, continuously pumping the rock sample to obtain a plurality of groups of data, and finally measuring the more accurate tensile strength of the rock;
example 5:
when testing with a smooth straight-walled drill rod 4:
s1: selecting the depth, the position and the angle of the rock to be measured, wherein the depth and the position are the rock to be measured;
s2: after drilling to a corresponding depth by using a core drilling machine, separating the drilling machine from the smooth straight-wall drill rod 4, and keeping the smooth straight-wall drill rod 4 in the rock surface all the time to wrap the rock sample;
s3: injecting a strong viscous expandable liquid between the smooth straight-wall drill rod 4 and the rock sample slit to form a bonding layer 4-1, and expanding the bonding layer so as to generate strong friction force and ensure that the friction force is greater than the tensile resistance;
s4: pulling out the rock sample and the drill rod together, and measuring the tensile strength at the moment;
s5: the same rock sample with the same angle, the same depth and different positions is measured for multiple times, and errors are prevented.
Example 6:
the method for testing the tensile strength of the schist comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a rock surface, and obtaining a rock sample with the size of 0.5m multiplied by 3m on site by a mechanical cutting method, wherein two surfaces of the section of the rock sample are parallel to the schistosity direction, and the rest four surfaces are vertical to the schistosity direction;
s2: putting the rock sample on coring equipment, and drilling holes in directions which are parallel to the schism direction, perpendicular to the schism direction and form a certain included angle with the schism direction, wherein the included angle can be 30 degrees, 45 degrees or 60 degrees to obtain three groups of rock cores, and each group takes 3-5 blocks;
s3: respectively carrying out tensile strength tests on each group of rock cores, fixing one end of each rock core with a strong adhesive to the ground, and adhering the other end of each rock core with a magnet through the strong adhesive, or fixing a container filled with magnetic fluid by using the strong adhesive, or fastening a bottle cap-shaped magnet by using an annular steel sheet; performing tensile test on the rock pillar by increasing an external electromagnetic field to obtain tensile strength data of each rock core;
s4: and obtaining the tensile strength of the schist on different surfaces according to the result of each group.
The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate rather than to limit the invention, and any modifications and variations of the present invention are within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the claims.
Claims (2)
1. The rock tensile strength in-situ testing device is characterized by comprising a core drilling machine for drilling and sampling a rock sample, wherein the core drilling machine comprises a drilling machine base (1-2), the top of the drilling machine base (1-2) is provided with a motor (1-4), the output shaft of the motor (1-4) is connected with the input shaft of a gearbox (1-5), the motor (1-4) and the gearbox (1-5) are both arranged on a hand-operated lifting mechanism, and the hand-operated lifting mechanism is matched with a handle (1-3) and drives the handle to lift; the output shaft of the gearbox (1-5) is provided with a drill rod for drilling;
the drilling rod adopts shrink clamp type drilling rod (2), shrink clamp type drilling rod (2) have the oblique breach of arc in processing along its axial direction, it has the gear structure of reverse arrangement to process respectively on two inside walls of the oblique breach of arc, gear structure and the gear engagement transmission of installing on hollow rotating shaft (2-1), hollow rotating shaft's (2-1) top is installed and is used for driving its pivoted carousel (2-3), and install baffle (2-2) that are used for protecting gear structure on the inner wall of shrink clamp type drilling rod (2) and lean on the position that connects the oblique breach of arc.
2. The testing method of the rock tensile strength in-situ testing device of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting a rock area to be measured and a measurement depth to determine the length of the shrink-grip drill rod (2);
s2: connecting the prepared contraction clamping type drill rod (2) with an upper core drilling machine;
s3: high-temperature lubricating grease is added into the shrinkage clamping type drill rod (2) to avoid the breakage of the rod due to overlarge torque of the rod during coring;
s4: starting a core drilling machine, drilling into a corresponding depth in a planned area, taking down the drilling machine, pouring industrial alcohol or gasoline into the contraction clamping type drill rod (2) to clean lubricating grease, and waiting until the gasoline or the alcohol is completely volatilized;
s5: connecting a rotary table (2-3) with a hollow rotating shaft (2-1) of a drill rod, rotating the rotary table (2-3), screwing a contraction clamping type drill rod (2) through a gear structure, reducing the diameter of the contraction clamping type drill rod (2), enabling the contraction clamping type drill rod (2) to tightly clamp a rock pillar, increasing the friction between the contraction clamping type drill rod (2) and the rock pillar by screwing the drill rod, and taking down the rotary table (2-3) after screwing;
s6: fixing a magnet at the tail ends of the shrinkage clamping type drill rod (2) and the rock pillar by using a strong adhesive, or fixing a container filled with magnetic fluid by using the strong adhesive, or fastening a bottle cap-shaped magnet by using an annular steel sheet; and (4) carrying out tensile test on the rock pillar by increasing an external electromagnetic field, and measuring the tensile strength of the rock pillar.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110595421B (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-04-09 | 中建市政工程有限公司 | Concrete is with pouring measuring device |
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