CN110295959A - A kind of Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system and starting control method - Google Patents
A kind of Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system and starting control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110295959A CN110295959A CN201910526130.1A CN201910526130A CN110295959A CN 110295959 A CN110295959 A CN 110295959A CN 201910526130 A CN201910526130 A CN 201910526130A CN 110295959 A CN110295959 A CN 110295959A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/006—Auxiliaries or details not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system and starting control methods.The system includes: exhaust gas heat exchanging subsystem, ORC subsystem and condenser cooling subsystem.Using frequency centrifugal pump is determined as the working medium pump in residual neat recovering system, the cost of residual neat recovering system can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to engine energy-saving technical field of emission reduction more particularly to a kind of Organic Rankine Cycle waste heat to return
Receipts system and starting control method.
Background technique
It is analyzed from the energy heat balance point of engine, the effective power of general engine output only accounts for fuel burning total heat
20%-40% of amount or so, remaining thermal energy are then mainly passed by exhaust and cooling medium (cooling water, machine oil heat dissipation etc.)
Into atmospheric environment.It can thus be seen that remaining thermal energy has very big energy-saving potential, waste heat energy for vehicular engine
Recovery technology is widely used space.Currently, engine exhaust heat energy recovery technology is concentrated mainly on pressurization, utilizing waste heat for refrigeration, remaining
Several aspects such as heat heating, cogeneration and improvement fuel combustibility.In the various technical solutions that current vehicle waste heat utilizes
In, the thermal efficiency highest of Rankine cycle heat recovery technology is the most possible technology for realizing industrialization first.
But Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system is in rigid start-up course, especially high load capacity operating condition within the engine
Lower delivery temperature is higher, exchanges heat if directly exhaust is transported in exhaust gas heat exchanger with organic working medium, it is more likely that meeting
It causes organic working medium local temperature excessively high to which thermal decomposition even initiation accident occur, causes residual neat recovering system can not normal work
Make；In addition, general automobile-used Organic Rankine Cycle waste-heat recovery device uses variable frequency pump, can directly be turned in this way by control pump
Speed carrys out controlled medium flow to adapt to the variation of Different Work Condition of Engine, but variable frequency pump is due to increasing variable-frequency motor and corresponding
Control equipment, cause the high expensive of residual neat recovering system.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system and starting control method, using determine frequency from
Heart pump can reduce the cost of residual neat recovering system as the working medium pump in residual neat recovering system；It is using in the present embodiment
System starting control method, the case where being decomposed to avoid hot working fluid, to improve the safety of system starting.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering systems, comprising: exhaust gas heat exchanging
Subsystem, ORC subsystem and condenser cooling subsystem；
The exhaust gas heat exchanging subsystem includes gas exhaust piping, first exhaust branch 4, the first electric-controlled switch valve 5, second exhaust
Branch 6, the second electric-controlled switch valve 7, exhaust gas heat exchanger 8, the first check valve 9；The first electric-controlled switch valve 5 is mounted on described
On one exhaust branch 4, the second electric-controlled switch valve 7, exhaust gas heat exchanger 8 and the first check valve 9 are sequentially arranged at second exhaust branch 6
On, first check valve 9 is used to prevent the exhaust of the first exhaust branch 4 from flowing backwards into the second exhaust branch 6；
The ORC subsystem includes exhaust gas heat exchanger 8, third electric-controlled switch valve 10, expanding machine 11, second
Check valve 12, condenser 13, working medium fluid reservoir 14, centrifugation working medium pump 15, first flow control valve 16, second flow control valve
17；The outlet of centrifugation working medium pump 15 is connected with the 8 working medium side entrance of exhaust gas heat exchanger；8 working medium side of exhaust gas heat exchanger
Outlet is connected with 10 entrance of third electric-controlled switch valve, and the outlet of third electric-controlled switch valve 10 is connected with 11 entrance of expanding machine, swollen
The swollen outlet of machine 11 is connected with 12 entrance of second one-way valve；The outlet of second one-way valve 12 and 13 working medium side of condenser
Entrance is connected；The 13 working medium side outlet of condenser is connected with 14 entrance of working medium fluid reservoir；The working medium fluid reservoir 14 goes out
Mouth is connected with 15 entrance of centrifugation working medium pump；
The centrifugation working medium pump 15 and the expanding machine 11 are provided with bypass to by-passing part organic working medium；Wherein, institute
State the bypass of centrifugation working medium pump 15 by the outlet of centrifugation working medium pump 15, first flow control valve 16 and working medium fluid reservoir 14 by pipeline according to
It is secondary to be connected；The bypass of expanding machine 11 is passed through by the outlet of 11 entrance of expanding machine, second flow control valve 17 and second one-way valve 12
Pipeline is sequentially connected；The working medium that the second one-way valve 12 is used to prevent from flowing through the bypass of expanding machine 11, which is flow backwards, enters expanding machine 11；
First determines frequency motor 18 is connected with centrifugation working medium pump 15, for driving centrifugation working medium pump 15 to operate；Expanding machine 11 and current vortex system
Dynamic device 37 is connected by coupking shaft 39,40 and revolving speed torquemeter 26, and the work operation of expanding machine 11 and output work pass through current vortex
Brake 37 and revolving speed torquemeter 26 are controlled and are measured；
The condenser cooling subsystem is by condenser 13, cooling tower 19, cooling water fluid reservoir 20, centrifugal water pump 21 and
Three flow control valves 22 are followed in series to form；Second determines frequency motor 23 is connected with centrifugal water pump 21, for driving centrifugal water pump 21
Operating；Third flow control valve 22 is for controlling cooling water flow in the condenser cooling subsystem, cooling water liquid reserve tank 20
For storing and supplementing the cooling water in cooling circuit, cooling water is supplemented to cooling water liquid reserve tank 20 by opening ball valve 38.
Further, further includes: engine subsystems and power communication subsystem；
The engine subsystems include engine 1, compressor 2, turbine 3, air inlet pipeline, gas exhaust piping；Air inlet pipeline
It is connected with 2 inlet end of compressor, 2 exhaust end of compressor is connected with engine 1, and engine 1 is connected with turbine 3, turbine 3 and exhaust
Pipeline is connected, and the compressor 2 and the turbine 3 are coaxial；
The power communication subsystem is automatically controlled by engine speed sensor 24, accelerator pedal position sensor 25, first
Switch valve 5, the second electric-controlled switch valve 7, third electric-controlled switch valve 10, first flow control valve 16, second flow control valve 17,
Three flow control valves 22, revolving speed torquemeter 26, electric eddy current brake loader 27, first determine frequency motor 18, second determine frequency motor
23, engine exhaust temperature sensor 28, exhaust gas heat exchanger working medium side outlet temperature sensor 29, exhaust gas heat exchanger working medium side go out
Mouth pressure sensor 30, expander inlet pressure sensor 31, condenser working medium side outlet temperature sensor 32, condenser working medium
Side outlet pressure sensor 33, working medium flow meter 34 and cooling water flow meter 35 are connected group by harness with electronic control unit 36
At.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of starting controlling parties of Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system
Method, this method comprises:
Start engine 1, and the detection exhaust temperature of the engine exhaust temperature sensor 28 by being mounted on exhaust channel
Degree；
It is preliminary to start Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system when the delivery temperature is higher than setting opening temperature；
The goal pressure in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger is determined according to engine speed and accelerator pedal position parameter
It is worth the target temperature value and target liquid working medium flow value of sum；
The aperture for adjusting second flow control valve 17, so that the practical power pressure in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger
Value is equal to the target pressure value；The aperture for adjusting first flow control valve 16, so that the practical liquid that flowmeter 34 detects
Working medium flow value is equal to the target liquid working medium flow value；
Control engine exhaust all flows through exhaust gas heat exchanger 8 and organic working medium carries out heat exchange, and continues adjusting first
The aperture of flow control valve 16, so that the actual temperature in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger is equal to the target temperature value；
Control superheated steam enters expanding machine 11 to push the expanding machine 11 to do work, and adjusts second flow control valve 17
Aperture or electric eddy current brake 37 braking torque so that the practical power pressure value of 11 inlet of expanding machine be equal to it is described
Target pressure value；The Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system starts completely.
Further, before starting engine 1, further includes:
Electric-controlled switch valve 5 is connected, the second electric-controlled switch valve 7 is closed, so that engine exhaust flows through 4 row of first exhaust branch
Enter atmosphere and is not passed through second exhaust branch 6.
Further, when the delivery temperature is higher than setting opening temperature, the preliminary Organic Rankine Cycle waste heat that starts is returned
Receipts system, comprising:
Third electric-controlled switch valve 10 is closed, first flow control valve 16 is completely closed, fully opens second flow control valve
17, third flow control valve 22 is fully opened, starting centrifugation working medium pump 15 starts centrifugal water pump 21, so that Organic Rankine Cycle
Residual neat recovering system is in preliminary starting state.
Further, 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger is determined according to engine speed and accelerator pedal position parameter
Target pressure value sum target temperature value, comprising:
Acquire the signal value of engine speed sensor 24 and accelerator pedal position sensor 25；
According to the signal value of engine speed sensor 24 and accelerator pedal position sensor 25 in default two-dimensional map figure
The middle target pressure value for obtaining 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger and target temperature value and target liquid working medium flow value.
Further, the aperture for adjusting second flow control valve 17, so that the reality in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger
Power pressure value is equal to the target pressure value；The aperture for adjusting first flow control valve 16, so that flowmeter 34 detected
Practical liquid refrigerant flow value is equal to the target liquid working medium flow value, comprising:
Pressure sensor 30 detects the practical power pressure value in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger, when practical working medium pressure
When force value is lower than the target pressure value, reduce the aperture of second flow control valve 17；Described in being higher than when practical power pressure value
When target pressure value, increase the aperture of second flow control valve 17；So that the practical working medium in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger
Pressure value is equal to the target pressure value；
When the practical liquid refrigerant flow value that flowmeter 34 detects is higher than target liquid working medium flow value, increase first
The aperture of flow control valve 16；When the practical liquid refrigerant flow value that flowmeter 34 detects is lower than target liquid working medium flow value
When, the aperture of first flow control valve 16 is reduced, so that the practical liquid refrigerant flow value that flowmeter 34 detects is equal to described
Target liquid working medium flow value.
Further, control engine exhaust all flows through exhaust gas heat exchanger 8 and organic working medium carries out heat exchange, comprising:
The second electric-controlled switch valve 7 is connected, the first electric-controlled switch valve 5 is closed, engine exhaust is made all to flow through exhaust gas heat exchanging
Device 8 and organic working medium carry out heat exchange；
Correspondingly, the aperture of first flow control valve 16 is adjusted, so that the practical temperature in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger
Degree is equal to the target temperature value, comprising:
When the actual temperature value that temperature sensor 29 detects 8 working medium side outlet of exhaust gas heat exchanger is higher than target temperature value,
Reduce the aperture of first flow control valve 16, to increase the working medium flow flowed through in exhaust gas heat exchanger 8；When the practical temperature detected
When angle value is lower than target temperature value, increase the aperture of first flow control valve 16, to reduce the working medium flowed through in exhaust gas heat exchanger 8
Flow.
Further, control superheated steam enters expanding machine 11 to push the expanding machine 11 to do work, comprising:
Connect third electric-controlled switch valve 10, close second flow control valve 17 so that superheated steam enter expanding machine 11 with
Expanding machine 11 is pushed to do work.
Further, the aperture of second flow control valve 17 or the braking torque of electric eddy current brake 37 are adjusted, so that
The practical power pressure value of 11 inlet of expanding machine is equal to the target pressure value, comprising:
When the practical power pressure value in 11 inlet of expanding machine that pressure sensor 31 detects is higher than target pressure value, increase
17 aperture of second flow control valve makes part working medium flow through the bypass of expanding machine 11；When the expanding machine 11 that pressure sensor 31 detects
When the practical power pressure value in inlet is lower than target pressure value, electric eddy current brake loader 27 increases loading current so that electric whirlpool
It flows 37 braking torque of brake to increase, reduces by 11 revolving speed of expanding machine.
Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: exhaust gas heat exchanging subsystem, You Jilang
Agree cycle subsystem and condenser cooling subsystem；It, can be with using determining frequency centrifugal pump as the working medium pump in residual neat recovering system
Reduce the cost of residual neat recovering system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of one of embodiment of the present invention one Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system；
Fig. 2 is the stream of the starting control method of one of embodiment of the present invention two Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 3 is the stream of the starting control method of one of embodiment of the present invention two Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system
Cheng Tu.
Label in attached drawing: 1, engine；2, compressor；3, turbine；4, first exhaust branch；5, the first electric-controlled switch
Valve；6, second exhaust branch；7, the second electric-controlled switch valve；8, exhaust gas heat exchanger；9, the first check valve；10, third electric-controlled switch
Valve；11, expanding machine；12, second one-way valve；13, condenser；14, working medium fluid reservoir；15, it is centrifuged working medium pump；16, first flow
Control valve；17, second flow control valve；18, first determines frequency motor；19, cooling tower；20, cooling water liquid reserve tank；21, centrifugal water
Pump；22, third flow control valve；23, second determines frequency motor；24, engine speed sensor；25, accelerator pedal position senses
Device；26, revolving speed torquemeter；27, electric eddy current brake loader；28, engine exhaust temperature sensor；29, exhaust gas heat exchanger
Working medium side outlet temperature sensor；30, exhaust gas heat exchanger working medium side outlet pressure sensor；31, expander inlet pressure sensing
Device；32, condenser working medium side outlet temperature sensor；33, condenser working medium side outlet pressure sensor；34, working medium flow meter；
35, cooling water flow meter；36, electronic control unit；37, electric eddy current brake；38, ball valve；39,40, coupking shaft；41, revolving speed torque
Instrument speed probe；42, revolving speed torquemeter torque sensor.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.It is understood that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is used only for explaining the present invention rather than limiting the invention.It also should be noted that in order to just
Only the parts related to the present invention are shown in description, attached drawing rather than entire infrastructure.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram for Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system that the embodiment of the present invention one provides, should
System includes: exhaust gas heat exchanging subsystem, ORC subsystem and condenser cooling subsystem.
As shown in Figure 1, exhaust gas heat exchanging subsystem includes gas exhaust piping, first exhaust branch 4, the first electric-controlled switch valve 5,
Two exhaust branches 6, the second electric-controlled switch valve 7, exhaust gas heat exchanger 8, the first check valve 9；First electric-controlled switch valve 5 is mounted on first
On exhaust branch 4, the second electric-controlled switch valve 7, exhaust gas heat exchanger 8 and the first check valve 9 are sequentially arranged at second exhaust branch 6
On, the first check valve 9 is used to prevent the exhaust of first exhaust branch 4 from flowing backwards into second exhaust branch 6.
ORC subsystem includes that exhaust gas heat exchanger 8, third electric-controlled switch valve 10, expanding machine 11, second are unidirectional
Valve 12, condenser 13, working medium fluid reservoir 14, centrifugation working medium pump 15, first flow control valve 16, second flow control valve 17；From
The outlet of heart working medium pump 15 is connected with 8 working medium side entrance of exhaust gas heat exchanger；8 working medium side outlet of exhaust gas heat exchanger and third electric-controlled switch
10 entrance of valve is connected, and the outlet of third electric-controlled switch valve 10 is connected with 11 entrance of expanding machine, the outlet of expanding machine 11 and second one-way valve
12 entrances are connected；The outlet of second one-way valve 12 is connected with 13 working medium side entrance of condenser；13 working medium side outlet of condenser and working medium
14 entrance of fluid reservoir is connected；The outlet of working medium fluid reservoir 14 is connected with centrifugation 15 entrance of working medium pump.It is centrifuged working medium pump 15 and expanding machine
11 are provided with bypass to by-passing part organic working medium；Wherein, the bypass of centrifugation working medium pump 15 is by the outlet of centrifugation working medium pump 15, first
Flow control valve 16 and working medium fluid reservoir 14 are sequentially connected by pipeline；Expanding machine 11 is bypassed by 11 entrance of expanding machine, second
Control valve 17 and the outlet of second one-way valve 12 are sequentially connected by pipeline；Second one-way valve 12 is for preventing from flowing through expanding machine 11
The working medium of bypass, which is flow backwards, enters expanding machine 11；First determines frequency motor 18 is connected with centrifugation working medium pump 15, for driving centrifugation working medium
15 operating of pump；Expanding machine 11 is connected with electric eddy current brake 37 by coupking shaft 39,40 and revolving speed torquemeter 26, expanding machine 11
Work operation and output work are controlled and are measured by electric eddy current brake 37 and revolving speed torquemeter 26.
Condenser cooling subsystem is by condenser 13, cooling tower 19, cooling water fluid reservoir 20, centrifugal water pump 21 and third stream
Control valve 22 is followed in series to form；Second determines frequency motor 23 is connected with centrifugal water pump 21, for driving centrifugal water pump 21 to operate；
Third flow control valve 22 for controlling cooling water flow in condenser cooling subsystem, cooling water liquid reserve tank 20 for storing and
The cooling water in cooling circuit is supplemented, supplements cooling water to cooling water liquid reserve tank 20 by opening ball valve 38.
Optionally, system further include: engine subsystems and power communication subsystem.
Engine subsystems include engine 1, compressor 2, turbine 3, air inlet pipeline, gas exhaust piping；Air inlet pipeline and pressure
2 inlet end of mechanism of qi is connected, and 2 exhaust end of compressor is connected with engine 1, and engine 1 is connected with turbine 3, turbine 3 and gas exhaust piping
It is connected, compressor 2 and turbine 3 are coaxial.
Power communication subsystem is by engine speed sensor 24, accelerator pedal position sensor 25, the first electric-controlled switch
Valve 5, the second electric-controlled switch valve 7, third electric-controlled switch valve 10, first flow control valve 16, second flow control valve 17, third stream
Control valve 22, revolving speed torquemeter 26, electric eddy current brake loader 27, first determine frequency motor 18, second determine frequency motor 23, hair
Motivation exhaust gas temperature sensor 28, exhaust gas heat exchanger working medium side outlet temperature sensor 29, exhaust gas heat exchanger working medium side outlet pressure
Force snesor 30, expander inlet pressure sensor 31, condenser working medium side outlet temperature sensor 32, condenser working medium side go out
Mouthful pressure sensor 33, working medium flow meter 34 and cooling water flow meter 35 are connected composition by harness with electronic control unit 36.
Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system provided in this embodiment, comprising: exhaust gas heat exchanging subsystem, organic Rankine follow
Loop subsystems and condenser cooling subsystem；Using frequency centrifugal pump is determined as the working medium pump in residual neat recovering system, can reduce
The cost of residual neat recovering system.
Embodiment two
Fig. 2 is a kind of starting control method of Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention
Flow chart, this method are executed by the Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system of above-described embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, this method comprises:
Step 210, start engine, and the detection row of the engine exhaust temperature sensor by being mounted on exhaust channel
Temperature degree.
In this system, sends and instruct from electronic control unit 36 to other component.Specifically, electronic control unit 36 issues instruction, hair
Motivation 1 starts, and the engine exhaust temperature sensor 28 being mounted on exhaust channel detects delivery temperature, when exhaust temperature
When degree is lower than setting opening temperature, electronic control unit does not issue any instruction, and Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system is at this time
Standby mode.
In the present embodiment, before starting engine 1, further includes: connect electric-controlled switch valve 5, close the second electric-controlled switch
Valve 7, so that engine exhaust flows through first exhaust branch 4 and is discharged into atmosphere and is not passed through second exhaust branch 6.
Step 220, preliminary to start Organic Rankine Cycle waste heat recycling system when delivery temperature is higher than setting opening temperature
System.
Wherein, setting opening temperature is stored in electronic control unit 36.Specifically, when engine exhaust temperature sensor 28 is examined
When measuring engine exhaust temperature higher than setting opening temperature, electronic control unit 36 issues instruction: third electric-controlled switch valve 10 is closed,
First flow control valve 16 is completely closed, second flow control valve 17 is fully opened, third flow control valve 22 is fully opened, opens
Dynamic centrifugation working medium pump 15, starts centrifugal water pump 21, so that Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system is in preliminary starting state.This
When ORC subsystem in working medium circulate working medium flow path in liquid form are as follows: the fixed frequency of working medium fluid reservoir 14-is centrifuged
Pump 15-exhaust gas heat exchanger 8-second flow control valve 17-condenser, 13-working medium fluid reservoirs 14, condenser cooling subsystem
Middle cooling water is circulated in cooling subsystem with maximum functional flow.
Step 230, exhaust gas heat exchanger working medium side exit is determined according to engine speed and accelerator pedal position parameter
The target temperature value and target liquid working medium flow value of target pressure value sum.
In the present embodiment, after Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system tentatively starts, electronic control unit 36 acquires engine
The signal value of speed probe 24 and accelerator pedal position sensor 25 obtains engine speed and accelerator pedal position parameter.
Then it is obtained in default two-dimensional map figure according to the signal value of engine speed sensor 24 and accelerator pedal position sensor 25
8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger target pressure value and target temperature value and target liquid working medium flow value.Its
In, default two-dimensional map figure is according to engine speed and accelerator pedal position parameter and 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger
Target pressure value and target temperature value and target liquid working medium flow value the X-Y scheme that pre-establishes of mapping relations.
Step 240, the aperture for adjusting second flow control valve, so that the practical working medium in exhaust gas heat exchanger working medium side exit
Pressure value is equal to target pressure value；The aperture for adjusting first flow control valve, so that the practical liquid refrigerant that flowmeter detects
Flow value is equal to target liquid working medium flow value.
Specifically, in the target pressure value and target temperature value and target that obtain 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger
After liquid refrigerant flow value, pressure sensor 30 detects the practical power pressure value in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger, works as reality
When border power pressure value is lower than target pressure value, reduce the aperture of second flow control valve 17；When practical power pressure value is higher than
When target pressure value, increase the aperture of second flow control valve 17；So that the practical working medium in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger
Pressure value is equal to target pressure value.In the present embodiment, when adjusting the aperture of second flow control valve 17, slow tune can be
Section, is such as gradually increased the aperture of second flow control valve 17 or is gradually reduced the aperture of second flow control valve 17.
When the practical liquid refrigerant flow value that flowmeter 34 detects is higher than target liquid working medium flow value, increase first
The aperture of flow control valve 16；When the practical liquid refrigerant flow value that flowmeter 34 detects is lower than target liquid working medium flow value
When, the aperture of first flow control valve 16 is reduced, so that the practical liquid refrigerant flow value that flowmeter 34 detects is equal to target
Liquid refrigerant flow value.In the present embodiment, when adjusting the aperture of first flow control valve 16, slow adjusting can be, such as
It is gradually increased the aperture of first flow control valve 16 or is gradually reduced the aperture of first flow control valve 16.
Step 250, control engine exhaust all flows through exhaust gas heat exchanger and organic working medium carries out heat exchange, and continues to adjust
The aperture of first flow control valve is saved, so that the actual temperature in exhaust gas heat exchanger working medium side exit is equal to target temperature value.
Wherein, the mode for continuing the aperture of adjusting first flow control valve 16 can be the mode of fine adjustment, such as: slightly increasing
The aperture of big first flow control valve 16 or the aperture for being slightly reduced first flow control valve 16.
Specifically, the practical power pressure value in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger is equal to target pressure value, and flowmeter
After the 34 practical liquid refrigerant flow values detected are equal to target liquid working medium flow value, electronic control unit 36 issues instruction, connects
Second electric-controlled switch valve 7 closes the first electric-controlled switch valve 5, engine exhaust is made all to flow through exhaust gas heat exchanger 8 and organic working medium
Carry out heat exchange.8 working medium side outlet temperature sensor 29 of exhaust gas heat exchanger detects 8 working medium side outlet actual temperature of exhaust gas heat exchanger
Value reduces the aperture of first flow control valve 16 when the actual temperature value detected is higher than target temperature value, is flowed through with increasing
Working medium flow in exhaust gas heat exchanger 8；When the actual temperature value detected is lower than target temperature value, increase first flow control
The aperture of valve 16, to reduce the working medium flow flowed through in exhaust gas heat exchanger 8.
Step 260, control superheated steam enters expanding machine to push expanding machine to do work, and adjusts second flow control valve
The braking torque of aperture or electric eddy current brake, so that the practical power pressure value at expander inlet is equal to goal pressure
Value；Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system starts completely.
Specifically, the sending of electronic control unit 36 refers to after 8 working medium side outlet actual temperature of exhaust gas heat exchanger is equal to target temperature
It enables, connects third electric-controlled switch valve 10, close second flow control valve 17, so as to enter expanding machine 11 swollen to push for superheated steam
Swollen machine 11 does work.When the practical power pressure value in 11 inlet of expanding machine that pressure sensor 31 detects is higher than target pressure value,
Increase 17 aperture of second flow control valve, so that part working medium is flowed through the bypass of expanding machine 11, to reduce by 11 inlet work of expanding machine
Matter pressure；When the practical power pressure value in 11 inlet of expanding machine that pressure sensor 31 detects is lower than target pressure value, electric whirlpool
Stream brake loader 27 increase loading current reduces by 11 revolving speed of expanding machine so that the increase of 37 braking torque of electric eddy current brake,
To increase by 11 inlet power pressure of expanding machine.
In the present embodiment, since 22 aperture of third flow control valve keeps standard-sized sheet, cooling water in condenser cooling subsystem
It is exchanged heat by condenser 13 with working medium with maximum stream flow, cooling subsystem is in maximum one operating condition and carries out work at this time
Make, it can be ensured that 13 working medium side outlet working medium of condenser can be cooled to liquid refrigerant.
To each operating parameter of Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system (practical work in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger
The actual temperature etc. in 8 working medium side exit of matter pressure value, practical liquid refrigerant flow value and exhaust gas heat exchanger) stablize after, it is automatically controlled
Unit 36 issues instruction acquisition and records each operational parameter value, and Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system starts completely.
Fig. 3 is a kind of starting control method of Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention
Flow chart is explained further as to above-described embodiment, and this method specifically comprises the following steps:
The first electric-controlled switch valve 5 is connected, the second electric-controlled switch valve 7 is closed, starts engine 1.
Judge whether engine exhaust temperature is greater than setting opening temperature, if it is not, then residual neat recovering system is in standby shape
State；
If so, closing third electric-controlled switch valve 10, first flow control valve 16 is completely closed, second flow is fully opened
Control valve 17, fully opens third flow control valve 22, and starting centrifugation working medium pump 15 starts centrifugal water pump 21.
The aperture for adjusting second flow control valve 17, so that the practical power pressure in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger
Value is equal to target pressure value.
The aperture for adjusting first flow control valve 16, so that the practical liquid refrigerant flow value that flowmeter 34 detects is equal to
Target liquid working medium flow value.
When the practical power pressure value in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger is equal to target pressure value, and practical liquid work
Mass flow magnitude is equal to target liquid working medium flow value, connects the second electric-controlled switch valve 7, closes the first electric-controlled switch valve 5, fine adjustment
The aperture of first flow control valve 16, so that the actual temperature in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger is equal to target temperature value.
When the actual temperature in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger is equal to target temperature value, third electric-controlled switch is connected
Valve 10 closes second flow control valve 17, the aperture of fine adjustment second flow control valve 17 or the system of electric eddy current brake 37
Dynamic torque, so that the practical power pressure value of 11 inlet of expanding machine is equal to target pressure value.
Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system starts completely.
The starting control method of Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system provided in this embodiment starts engine 1, and leads to
It crosses the engine exhaust temperature sensor 28 being mounted on exhaust channel and detects delivery temperature；It is opened when delivery temperature is higher than setting
It is preliminary to start Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system when temperature；It is determined according to engine speed and accelerator pedal position parameter
The target temperature value and target liquid working medium flow value of the target pressure value sum in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger；It adjusts
The aperture of second flow control valve 17, so that the practical power pressure value in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger is equal to target pressure
Force value；The aperture of first flow control valve 16 is adjusted, so that the practical liquid refrigerant flow value that flowmeter 34 detects is equal to mesh
Standard liquid state working medium flow value；Control engine exhaust all flows through exhaust gas heat exchanger 8 and organic working medium carries out heat exchange, and continues
The aperture of first flow control valve 16 is adjusted, so that the actual temperature in 8 working medium side exit of exhaust gas heat exchanger is equal to target temperature
Value；Control superheated steam enter expanding machine 11 with push expanding machine 11 do work, and adjust second flow control valve 17 aperture or
The braking torque of person's electric eddy current brake 37, so that the practical power pressure value of 11 inlet of expanding machine is equal to target pressure value；
Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system starts completely.Control method is started using the system in the present embodiment, it can be to avoid work
The case where matter thermally decomposes, to improve the safety of system starting.
Note that the above is only a better embodiment of the present invention and the applied technical principle.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that
The present invention is not limited to specific embodiments here, be able to carry out for a person skilled in the art it is various it is apparent variation, again
Adjustment and substitution are without departing from protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, although by above embodiments to the present invention carried out compared with
For detailed description, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments only, without departing from the inventive concept, can be with
Including more other equivalent embodiments, and the scope of the invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system characterized by comprising exhaust gas heat exchanging subsystem, organic Rankine follow
Loop subsystems and condenser cooling subsystem；
The exhaust gas heat exchanging subsystem includes gas exhaust piping, first exhaust branch (4), the first electric-controlled switch valve (5), second exhaust
Branch (6), the second electric-controlled switch valve (7), exhaust gas heat exchanger (8), the first check valve (9)；First electric-controlled switch valve (5) peace
On the first exhaust branch (4), the second electric-controlled switch valve (7), exhaust gas heat exchanger (8) and the first check valve (9) are successively
It is mounted on second exhaust branch (6), first check valve (9) is for preventing the exhaust of the first exhaust branch (4) from falling
Stream enters the second exhaust branch (6)；
The ORC subsystem includes exhaust gas heat exchanger (8), third electric-controlled switch valve (10), expanding machine (11),
Two check valves (12), condenser (13), working medium fluid reservoir (14), centrifugation working medium pump (15), first flow control valve (16), second
Flow control valve (17)；Centrifugation working medium pump (15) outlet is connected with the exhaust gas heat exchanger (8) working medium side entrance；The row
Gas heat exchanger (8) working medium side outlet is connected with third electric-controlled switch valve (10) entrance, third electric-controlled switch valve (10) outlet
It is connected with expanding machine (11) entrance, expanding machine (11) outlet is connected with the second one-way valve (12) entrance；Described second is unidirectional
Valve (12) outlet is connected with the condenser (13) working medium side entrance；Condenser (13) the working medium side outlet and the working medium are stored up
Flow container (14) entrance is connected；Working medium fluid reservoir (14) outlet is connected with centrifugation working medium pump (15) entrance；
The centrifugation working medium pump (15) and the expanding machine (11) are provided with bypass to by-passing part organic working medium；Wherein, institute
It is logical by centrifugation working medium pump (15) outlet, first flow control valve (16) and working medium fluid reservoir (14) to state centrifugation working medium pump (15) bypass
Pipeline is crossed to be sequentially connected；Expanding machine (11) bypass is single by expanding machine (11) entrance, second flow control valve (17) and second
It exports to valve (12) and is sequentially connected by pipeline；The second one-way valve (12) is used to prevent from flowing through the work of expanding machine (11) bypass
Matter, which is flow backwards, enters expanding machine (11)；First determines frequency motor (18) is connected with centrifugation working medium pump (15), for driving centrifugation working medium pump
(15) it operates；Expanding machine (11) is connected with electric eddy current brake (37) by coupking shaft (39,40) and revolving speed torquemeter (26), swollen
The work operation of swollen machine (11) and output work are controlled and are measured by electric eddy current brake (37) and revolving speed torquemeter (26)；
The condenser cooling subsystem is by condenser (13), cooling tower (19), cooling water fluid reservoir (20), centrifugal water pump (21)
And third flow control valve (22) is followed in series to form；Second determines frequency motor (23) is connected with centrifugal water pump (21), for driving
Centrifugal water pump (21) operating；Third flow control valve (22) is used to control cooling water flow in the condenser cooling subsystem,
Cooling water liquid reserve tank (20) is used to storing and supplementing the cooling water in cooling circuit, by opening ball valve (38) to cooling water liquid storage
Case (20) supplements cooling water.
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include: engine subsystems and power communication subsystem；
The engine subsystems include engine (1), compressor (2), turbine (3), air inlet pipeline, gas exhaust piping；Air inlet pipe
Road is connected with compressor (2) inlet end, and compressor (2) exhaust end is connected with engine (1), engine (1) and turbine (3) phase
Even, turbine (3) is connected with gas exhaust piping, and the compressor (2) and the turbine (3) are coaxial；
The power communication subsystem is by engine speed sensor (24), accelerator pedal position sensor (25), first automatically controlled
Switch valve (5), the second electric-controlled switch valve (7), third electric-controlled switch valve (10), first flow control valve (16), second flow control
Valve (17) processed, third flow control valve (22), revolving speed torquemeter (26), electric eddy current brake loader (27), the first fixed frequency electricity
Machine (18), second determine frequency motor (23), engine exhaust temperature sensor (28), exhaust gas heat exchanger working medium side outlet temperature sensing
Device (29), exhaust gas heat exchanger working medium side outlet pressure sensor (30), expander inlet pressure sensor (31), condenser working medium
Side outlet temperature sensor (32), condenser working medium side outlet pressure sensor (33), working medium flow meter (34) and cooling water flow
Meter (35) is connected composition by harness with electronic control unit (36).
3. a kind of starting control method of Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system, which is characterized in that any by claim 1-2
The system executes, comprising:
Start engine (1), and the detection exhaust temperature of the engine exhaust temperature sensor (28) by being mounted on exhaust channel
Degree；
It is preliminary to start Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system when the delivery temperature is higher than setting opening temperature；
The target pressure value in exhaust gas heat exchanger (8) working medium side exit is determined according to engine speed and accelerator pedal position parameter
The target temperature value and target liquid working medium flow value of sum；
The aperture for adjusting second flow control valve (17), so that the practical power pressure in exhaust gas heat exchanger (8) working medium side exit
Value is equal to the target pressure value；The aperture for adjusting first flow control valve (16), so that the reality that flowmeter (34) detects
Liquid refrigerant flow value is equal to the target liquid working medium flow value；
Control engine exhaust all flows through exhaust gas heat exchanger (8) and organic working medium carries out heat exchange, and continues to adjust first-class
The aperture of control valve (16), so that the actual temperature in exhaust gas heat exchanger (8) working medium side exit is equal to the target temperature value；
Control superheated steam enters expanding machine (11) to push the expanding machine (11) to do work, and adjusts second flow control valve
(17) braking torque of aperture or electric eddy current brake (37), so that the practical power pressure value of expanding machine (11) inlet
Equal to the target pressure value；The Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system starts completely.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, before starting engine (1), further includes:
It connects electric-controlled switch valve (5), the second electric-controlled switch valve (7) is closed, so that engine exhaust flows through first exhaust branch (4)
It is discharged into atmosphere and is not passed through second exhaust branch (6).
5. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, when the delivery temperature be higher than setting opening temperature when, just
Step starting Organic Rankine Cycle residual neat recovering system, comprising:
It closes third electric-controlled switch valve (10), completely closes first flow control valve (16), fully open second flow control valve
(17), it fully opens third flow control valve (22), starting centrifugation working medium pump (15) starts centrifugal water pump (21), so that organic
Rankine cycle residual neat recovering system is in preliminary starting state.
6. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, being determined according to engine speed and accelerator pedal position parameter
The target temperature value of the target pressure value sum in exhaust gas heat exchanger (8) working medium side exit, comprising:
Acquire the signal value of engine speed sensor (24) and accelerator pedal position sensor (25)；
According to the signal value of engine speed sensor (24) and accelerator pedal position sensor (25) in default two-dimensional map figure
The middle target pressure value for obtaining exhaust gas heat exchanger (8) working medium side exit and target temperature value and target liquid working medium flow
Value.
7. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the aperture of second flow control valve (17) is adjusted, so that row
The practical power pressure value in gas heat exchanger (8) working medium side exit is equal to the target pressure value；Adjust first flow control valve
(16) aperture, so that the practical liquid refrigerant flow value that flowmeter (34) detects is equal to the target liquid working medium flow
Value, comprising:
Pressure sensor (30) detects the practical power pressure value in exhaust gas heat exchanger (8) working medium side exit, when practical working medium pressure
When force value is lower than the target pressure value, reduce the aperture of second flow control valve (17)；When practical power pressure value is higher than institute
When stating target pressure value, increase the aperture of second flow control valve (17)；So that the reality in exhaust gas heat exchanger (8) working medium side exit
Border power pressure value is equal to the target pressure value；
When the practical liquid refrigerant flow value that flowmeter (34) detects is higher than target liquid working medium flow value, increase first-class
The aperture of control valve (16)；When the practical liquid refrigerant flow value that flowmeter (34) detects is lower than target liquid working medium flow
When value, the aperture of first flow control valve (16) is reduced, so that the practical liquid refrigerant flow value etc. that flowmeter (34) detects
In the target liquid working medium flow value.
8. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, control engine exhaust all flows through exhaust gas heat exchanger (8)
Heat exchange is carried out with organic working medium, comprising:
The second electric-controlled switch valve (7) is connected, the first electric-controlled switch valve (5) is closed, engine exhaust is made all to flow through exhaust gas heat exchanging
Device (8) and organic working medium carry out heat exchange；
Correspondingly, the aperture of first flow control valve (16) is adjusted, so that the practical temperature in exhaust gas heat exchanger (8) working medium side exit
Degree is equal to the target temperature value, comprising:
When the actual temperature value of temperature sensor (29) detection exhaust gas heat exchanger (8) working medium side outlet is higher than target temperature value,
Reduce the aperture of first flow control valve (16), to increase the working medium flow flowed through in exhaust gas heat exchanger (8)；When the reality detected
When border temperature value is lower than target temperature value, increase the aperture of first flow control valve (16), flows through exhaust gas heat exchanger (8) to reduce
In working medium flow.
9. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, control superheated steam enters expanding machine (11) described in promotion
Expanding machine (11) acting, comprising:
It connects third electric-controlled switch valve (10), closes second flow control valve (17), so that superheated steam enters expanding machine (11)
To push expanding machine (11) to do work.
10. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, adjusting the aperture or electricity of second flow control valve (17)
The braking torque of eddy-current brake (37), so that the practical power pressure value of expanding machine (11) inlet is equal to the goal pressure
Value, comprising:
When the practical power pressure value in expanding machine (11) inlet of pressure sensor (31) detection is higher than target pressure value, increase
Second flow control valve (17) aperture makes part working medium flow through expanding machine (11) bypass；When pressure sensor (31) detection it is swollen
When the practical power pressure value in swollen machine (11) inlet is lower than target pressure value, electric eddy current brake loader (27) increases load electricity
It flows so that the increase of electric eddy current brake (37) braking torque, reduces expanding machine (11) revolving speed.
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