CN110295883B - Cable throwing-retracting type over-drill rod well logging process - Google Patents
Cable throwing-retracting type over-drill rod well logging process Download PDFInfo
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- CN110295883B CN110295883B CN201910540542.0A CN201910540542A CN110295883B CN 110295883 B CN110295883 B CN 110295883B CN 201910540542 A CN201910540542 A CN 201910540542A CN 110295883 B CN110295883 B CN 110295883B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/023—Arrangements for connecting cables or wirelines to downhole devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
The invention discloses a cable throwing and retracting type over-drill rod well logging process, which relates to the field of geophysical well logging and comprises the following steps: step one, drilling down; secondly, connecting a well head with a logging instrument; step three, conveying the logging instrument string; landing and releasing the logging instrument string; step five, withdrawing the cable; sixthly, tripping the drill and logging; step seven, withdrawing the instrument; the method solves the problems of large-displacement horizontal wells, large-vertical-ratio horizontal wells, high-gradient wells and complex well conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the petroleum and geological exploration industry, in particular to the field of geophysical logging, and particularly relates to a cable pay-off and pay-off type drill pipe passing logging process.
Background
In the later stage of oil field development, exploration and development objects are more and more complex, and horizontal wells, three-dimensional barrier wells and extended reach wells are increased year by year. When drilling, in order to realize cost reduction and efficiency improvement, casing pipes are arranged as few as possible, the deflecting points are also shallow, and the curvature of a borehole is increased. And the geological conditions are complicated, so that complicated and bad well conditions such as loss, collapse, diameter expansion, steps or threaded well holes and the like are increased.
The logging while drilling installs the logging instrument on the drill collar, and the well is drilled and logged. Logging while drilling can not completely meet production requirements due to high price and single data.
In order to meet the geological evaluation requirements of the complex well conditions and complete the logging task, two modes of wet joint type logging, drilling tool conveying pump-out type logging and the like are adopted.
The wet joint type well logging is realized by connecting the instrument at the lowest end of a drill rod in a hanging way through threads. And conveying the instrument to the underground through the drill rod, then realizing butt joint of the cable and the instrument in the well, and finally tripping the drilling tool to log the well. Because the electrical and mechanical connections are made in the mud, so called wet joint logging, this logging has the following disadvantages: (1) the risk of instrument damage is large: due to the fact that the well wall is irregular and the well hole is complex, bending damage risks exist in the downward movement process of the logging instrument. (2) the cable has large damage risk: during logging, the cable is located in the annular space between the drill pipe and the technical casing, so that the cable is extremely easy to damage, and serious downhole accidents are caused. (3) poor reliability: the logging cable and the downhole instrument need to be butted in the drilling fluid at a high speed, and the butting success rate and the electrical insulation property cannot be ensured due to sediments or particles in the well. (4) low aging: because the bypass can not go out of the technical casing, if the length of the technical casing is less than the length of the measuring section, the butt joint is needed for two times or more, the construction time is long, and the cost is high.
The well logging of the drilling tool conveying pump-out type is that a well logging instrument is installed in a protective drilling tool and is conveyed to the bottom of a well by a drill rod. The instrument is released to the outside of the drill bit from the protective drilling tool through two modes of mechanical release (ball throwing and rod throwing) or drilling fluid pressure pulse triggering release and the like, and then the well is drilled and logged to a wellhead. The instrument starts to work by adopting timing starting or pressure starting, the battery pack is used for supplying power, and underground data is stored in the instrument. Although the method solves the defects of the wet joint type well logging mode to a certain extent, other problems are generated due to the change of the construction mode: (1) the risk of instrument damage is large: when the well is pumped out, the force is large, the speed is not controllable, the instrument collides at high speed when landing, and in addition, due to the irregularity of the open hole section, the logging instrument can be collided on the well wall possibly to cause the logging instrument to be easily damaged. (2) difficulty in instrument release: the force of the ball or rod thrown into the well cannot fully act on the pin and cannot break the pin. (3) difficulty in judging the release degree of the instrument: the underground instrument state can not be observed on the ground, and in field application, the instrument is not pumped out, and the instrument string is partially pumped out, so that the curve depth is inaccurate, and the logging curve is unqualified. (4) the instrument cannot be retracted before reaching the surface: the underground instrument can be disassembled only by lifting the drilling tool to the wellhead, and the underground instrument can not be withdrawn when the drilling tool is stuck, so that the safety of the instrument, particularly the safety of a radioactive source, can not be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a cable-throwing-and-retracting type through-drill-rod well logging process, which is used for solving the problems of large-displacement horizontal wells, large-vertical-ratio horizontal wells, large-inclination wells and complex well conditions.
The invention provides a cable throwing-retracting type over-drill rod logging process, which comprises the following steps: step one, drilling down;
connecting an instrument cabin with a drilling tool on a drilling platform, and then descending the instrument cabin to a target layer section through a plurality of drill rods;
step two, connecting a well head with a logging instrument;
when the instrument cabin is arranged below the target interval, assembling a logging instrument string on the ground, wherein the logging instrument string is arranged in a drill rod;
the logging instrument string, comprising: the lower end of the logging instrument string is connected with a logging instrument; the cable enters the drill rod from a drill rod bypass and is connected with the logging instrument in series, and the ground system judges the working state of the logging instrument;
step three, conveying the logging instrument string;
when the logging instrument string is conveyed to the bottom of the well, the logging instrument string is arranged in the drilling tool and is lowered by gravity at the initial stage, and when the gravity is not enough to lower the logging instrument string, a drilling fluid pumping mode is adopted to control the pumping-out speed of the logging instrument string and push the logging instrument string to be lowered; and judging whether the logging instrument string is completely pumped out;
landing and releasing the logging instrument string;
after the logging instrument string is lowered to the target interval, the logging instrument string is safely landed in the instrument cabin, and is released;
step five, withdrawing the cable;
starting a logging winch, quickly withdrawing the cable, simultaneously lifting the drilling tool until the cable reaches a wellhead, and removing the bypass;
sixthly, tripping out the drill and logging;
lifting the drilling tool to drive the logging instrument string to move upwards, so that the well logging is realized, and meanwhile, data storage is carried out;
step seven, withdrawing the instrument;
after the well logging of the target layer is finished, the logging instrument is withdrawn;
in the first to seventh steps, after the logging of the target layer is completed or when the drilling tool is stuck, the logging instrument string is closed and recovered to the ground.
Preferably, the process, the logging instrument string, further comprises: the connection technology of the logging instrument string comprises the following steps of (1) cocking, upper hanging, lower hanging and battery short section:
the lower end of the horse faucet is the lower end of the horse faucet, the lower end of the horse faucet is connected with the upper hanger, the upper hanger is firmly grabbed by the upper hanger grabbing barrel, the lower hanger is connected with the battery short section, and the lower end of the battery short section is connected with the logging instrument.
Preferably, in step four, after the logging instrument string is lowered to the target interval, the logging instrument string is safely landed in the instrument chamber, and the process of releasing the logging instrument string includes:
after the logging instrument string goes down to the target interval, the lower hanging joint bones land at the suspension points, namely the logging instrument string safely lands in the instrument cabin, and after the logging instrument is set in a logging state, an instruction is sent through the ground to control the upper hanging grabbing barrel to be separated, so that the logging instrument string is released.
Preferably, the process of retrieving the instrument in the seventh step is as follows:
and lowering the cable, the cocket head and the upper hanger to grab the grabbing head of the lower hanger, mechanically connecting the logging instrument underground, establishing communication with the logging instrument, closing the logging instrument, recovering the logging instrument from the bell mouth protective cap connected with the lower end of the instrument cabin by using the cable, and taking the logging instrument into the flow channel of the drilling tool to lift the drilling tool to the wellhead.
Preferably, the process further comprises:
step eight, data reading and data processing;
and after the logging instrument returns to the ground, the logging information stored in the data storage in the sixth step is read through a ground reading device, and time-depth conversion or/and curve playback is carried out.
Preferably, in the process, the control method for controlling the pumping-out speed of the logging instrument string in the step three comprises the following steps:
and pushing the logging instrument string to move towards the bottom of the well in the drilling tool, and controlling the lowering speed of the cable through a logging winch in the moving process so as to control the pumping-out speed of the logging instrument string.
Preferably, in the process, the method for judging whether the logging instrument string is completely pumped out in the step three comprises the following steps:
whether the logging instrument string is completely pumped out can be judged according to one of the following characteristics:
the method is characterized in that the lowering length of the cable is consistent with the depth of a complete pumping-out state required by well logging construction;
secondly, the tension received by the cable, which is measured by a logging winch, is reduced when the cable is completely pumped out;
and thirdly, the formation data measured by the logging instrument string in the fully pumped state is obviously changed compared with the drilling tool data measured by the logging instrument string in the drilling tool.
The invention provides a cable throwing and withdrawing type drill pipe passing well logging process, which aims to solve the problems of large-displacement horizontal wells, large-vertical-ratio horizontal wells, high-gradient wells and complex well conditions. The invention enlarges the application range, improves the logging time efficiency, increases the construction reliability, reduces and saves the operation cost. Particularly, the pumping-out speed of the logging instrument string is controlled to be pumped out slowly, so that the instrument is prevented from being damaged by vibration; accurately judging whether the logging instrument string is completely pumped out; controlling the working state of the logging instrument after the instruments all reach the open hole section; after the target well section is measured or when the drilling tool is stuck, the logging instrument string can be closed and recovered to the ground. Thereby enlarging the application range, improving the logging time efficiency, increasing the construction reliability, reducing the engineering risk and saving the operation cost.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a cable adapter for use in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific connection of a tool string according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below based on examples, but it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth. However, the present invention may be fully understood by those skilled in the art for those parts not described in detail.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are provided solely for the purposes of illustrating the invention, features and advantages thereof, and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Also, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, the meaning of "includes but is not limited to".
Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a cable adapter for use with the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the cable adapter includes: the electric cable comprises a cable 1-1 and a faucet 1-2, wherein one end of the cable 1-1 is fixed to one end of the faucet 1-2 through a taper sleeve, and the end face of the other end of the faucet 1-2 is the lower end 1-3 of the faucet. The other end of the cable 1-1 is connected with a logging truck, and the cable 1-1 is used for supplying power to the upper hanger 2-1 and communicating logging instruments. The cable 1-1 is screwed with the drilling tool 2-2 (in fig. 2) through the spigot 1-2.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific connection of a tool string according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the lower hanger 2-6 includes: the device comprises a grabbing head 2-3 and a joint 2-4, wherein the joint 2-4 is sleeved on a lower hanger 2-6, one end of the lower hanger 2-6 is the grabbing head 2-3, the other end of the lower hanger 2-6 is in threaded connection with one end of a battery short section 2-9, and the other end of the battery short section 2-9 is connected with a logging instrument.
In fig. 2, the connection of the drilling tool 2-2: the lower end of the drilling tool 2-2 is provided with external threads, the inner side of one end of the instrument cabin 2-7 is provided with internal threads, the drilling tool 2-2 is in threaded connection with the instrument cabin 2-7, the other end of the instrument cabin 2-7 is provided with external threads, and the external threads of the instrument cabin 2-7 are connected with the internal threads of one end of the bell mouth protective cap 2-8.
In fig. 2, the logging tool connections: the inner side flow passages of the drilling tool 2-2, the instrument cabin 2-7 and the bell mouth protective cap 2-8 are water holes, the grabbing cylinder 2-10, the grabbing head 2-3, the joint bone 2-4, the suspension point 2-5 and the lower hanger 2-6 are all arranged in the inner side flow passages, one end of the upper hanger 2-1 is in threaded connection with the lower end 1-3 of the bridle, the other end of the upper hanger 2-1 is in threaded connection with one end of the grabbing cylinder 2-10, a spring catch is arranged in the other end of the grabbing cylinder 2-10, and one end of the grabbing head 2-3 is inserted into the spring catch of the grabbing cylinder 2-10.
In FIG. 2, the connection of the drilling tool 2-2 to the logging tool: the inner side flow channel of the instrument cabin 2-7 is provided with an inward convex edge which is a suspension point 2-5, and the outer side of the joint 2-4 is clamped at the suspension point 2-5.
A cable pay-off type over-the-hole rod logging process comprises the following steps: step one, drilling; step two, connecting a well head with a logging instrument; step three, conveying the logging instrument string; landing and releasing the logging instrument string; step five, withdrawing the cable; sixthly, tripping the drill and logging; and step seven, recovering the instrument. A cable pay-off and pay-off type over-the-hole rod logging process further comprises the following steps: step eight, data reading and data processing; and after the logging instrument returns to the ground, the logging information stored in the data storage in the step six is read through a ground reading device, and time-depth conversion or/and curve playback is carried out.
Step one, drilling; the instrument capsule 2-7 is connected with the drilling tool 2-2 on the drilling platform, and then the instrument capsule 2-7 is lowered to the target layer section through a plurality of drill rods. Specifically, the drilling crew connects the tool bay 2-7 (for suspending the tool at the suspension point 2-5 after pumping out the tool) to the drilling rig 2-2 on the drilling platform, and then lowers the tool bay down to the interval of interest (i.e., the formation to be measured or the predetermined measured interval depth location) through the plurality of drill pipes.
Secondly, connecting a well head with a logging instrument; when the instrument cabins 2-7 are lowered to the target layer section, assembling a logging instrument string on the ground, wherein the logging instrument string is arranged in a drill rod; the logging instrument string, comprising: the cable 1-1, the lower end of the logging instrument string is connected with the logging instrument; the cable 1-1 enters the drill rod from the drill rod bypass and is connected with the logging instrument in series, and the ground system judges the working state of the logging instrument. Specifically, step three, conveying a logging instrument string; when the logging instrument string is conveyed to the bottom of the well, the logging instrument string is placed in the drilling tool 2-2 and is lowered by gravity at the initial stage, and when the gravity is not enough to lower the logging instrument string, a drilling fluid pumping mode is adopted to control the pumping-out speed of the logging instrument string and judge whether the logging instrument string is completely pumped out, and the concrete method comprises the following steps: the logging instrument string is pushed to move towards the bottom of the well inside the drilling tool 2-2, and the lowering speed of the cable 1-1 can be controlled through a logging winch in the moving process to control the moving speed of the logging instrument string; finally, whether the instrument string is in a state that the joint bone 2-4 is in contact with the suspension point 2-5 (the state is a completely pumping state) can be judged through the following characteristics: the method is characterized in that the lowering length of the cable 1-1 is consistent with the depth of a complete pumping-out state required by logging construction; or/and the second characteristic, the tension received by the cable 1-1 measured by the logging winch is reduced when the cable is completely pumped out; or/and feature three, the formation data measured by the logging tool string in the fully pumped condition changes significantly, i.e., compared to the tool data measured by the logging tool string contained in the tool 2-2. The characteristics of the three points can judge whether the instrument string is in a complete pumping state. The logging instrument string further comprises: 1-2 parts of a bridle, 2-1 parts of an upper hanger, 2-6 parts of a lower hanger and 2-9 parts of a battery short section, wherein the connection process of the logging instrument string comprises the following steps: the lower end of the bridle 1-2 is a bridle lower end 1-3, the bridle lower end 1-3 is connected with the upper hanger 2-1, the grabbing cylinder 2-10 of the upper hanger 2-1 firmly grabs the grabbing head 2-3 of the lower hanger 2-6, the lower part of the lower hanger 2-6 is connected with the battery short section 2-9, and the lower end of the battery short section 2-9 is connected with the logging instrument. Specifically, when an instrument cabin 2-7 is lowered to a target interval (the lowering depth of the instrument is reserved), a logging instrument string is assembled on the ground, the lower end 1-3 of a horse tap 1-2 is connected with a hanger 2-1, a grabbing barrel 2-10 of the upper hanger 2-1 is used for firmly grabbing a grabbing head 2-3 of a lower hanger 2-6, a battery short section 2-9 is connected below the lower hanger 2-6, and the lower end of the battery short section 2-9 is connected with the logging instrument. The logging instrument is arranged in the drill rod in series, the cable 1-1 enters the drill rod from a drill rod bypass (a standard tool) and is connected with the logging instrument in series, and the ground system judges the working state of the logging instrument. A logging instrument string, comprising: 1-1 part of cable, 1-2 parts of bibcock, 2-1 parts of upper hanger, 2-6 parts of lower hanger and 2-9 parts of battery short section. Details can be found in the description of fig. 1 and 2.
Landing and releasing the logging instrument string; and after the logging instrument string is lowered to the target interval, the logging instrument string is safely landed in the instrument cabin 2-7, and the logging instrument string is released. Specifically, when the logging instrument string is conveyed to the bottom of the well, the logging instrument string is placed in the drilling tool 2-2 and is lowered by gravity at the initial stage, and when the gravity is not enough to lower the logging instrument string, the logging instrument string is pushed to be lowered by adopting a drilling fluid pumping mode. That is, in step four, after the logging instrument string is lowered to the interval of interest, the logging instrument string is safely landed in the instrument capsule 2-7, and the process of releasing the logging instrument string is as follows: after the logging instrument string is lowered to the target interval, the joint ribs 2-4 of the lower hanger 2-6 land on the suspension points 2-5, namely the logging instrument string safely lands in the instrument cabin 2-7, and after the logging instrument is set in a logging state, an instruction is sent through the ground to control the upper hanger to release the grabbing barrel 2-10, so that the logging instrument string is released.
Step five, withdrawing the cable; and starting a logging winch, quickly withdrawing the cable 1-1, simultaneously lifting the drilling tool until the cable 1-1 reaches a wellhead, and removing the bypass.
Sixthly, tripping out the drill and logging; and lifting the drilling tool 2-2 to drive the logging instrument string to move upwards, so that the well logging is realized, and meanwhile, data storage is carried out. In particular, the method of manufacturing the optical fiber,
step seven, withdrawing the instrument; and after the target layer well logging is completed, the well logging instrument is withdrawn. Specifically, the cable 1-1, the cocklebone 1-2 and the upper hanger 2-1 are lowered, the grabbing head 2-3 of the lower hanger 2-6 is grabbed, mechanical connection is carried out on the underground logging instrument, after communication with the logging instrument is established, the logging instrument is closed, the logging instrument is withdrawn from a bell mouth protective cap 2-8 connected to the lower end of the instrument cabin 2-7 through the cable 1-1, and the logging instrument is collected into a flow channel of the drilling tool 2-2 and lifted to the wellhead. That is, after the target layer logging is completed, lowering the cable 1-1, the bridle 1-2 and the upper hanger 2-1, grabbing the grabbing head 2-3 of the lower hanger 2-6, mechanically connecting with the downhole instrument, establishing communication, closing the logging instrument, withdrawing the logging instrument from the bell mouth protective cap 2-8 connected with the lower end of the instrument cabin 2-7 by using the cable 1-1, taking the logging instrument into the flow channel of the drilling tool 2-2, and lifting the drilling tool to the wellhead.
In the first to seventh steps, after the target layer logging is completed or when the drilling tool 2-2 is blocked, closing the lowering cable 1-1, the bridle 1-2 and the upper hanger 2-1, grabbing the grabbing head 2-3 of the lower hanger 2-6, mechanically connecting with the downhole instrument, establishing communication, issuing an instruction, enabling the logging instrument with the borehole diameter leg to gather the borehole diameter leg, withdrawing the logging instrument from the bell mouth protective cap 2-8 connected with the lower end of the instrument cabin 2-7 by using the cable 1-1, withdrawing the logging instrument into the flow channel of the drilling tool 2-2, and withdrawing the logging instrument to the ground.
In step three, the control method for controlling the pumping-out speed of the logging instrument string comprises the following steps: because the process is a wireline run-in through-the-drill-pipe logging process, the logging tool string is connected to the cable 1-1 until it is fully pumped out. The other end of the cable 1-1 is provided with a logging winch, and the lowering speed of the cable 1-1 can be controlled through the logging winch so as to control the lowering speed of the logging instrument string.
In the third step, the method for judging whether the logging instrument string is completely pumped out is as follows: whether the instrument string is in a state where the condyle 2-4 is in contact with the suspension point 2-5 (this state is a completely pumped-out state) can be judged by the following features. Whether the logging instrument string is completely pumped out can be judged according to one of the following characteristics: the method is characterized in that the lowering length of a cable 1-1 is consistent with the landing depth required by logging construction; or/and the second characteristic, the tension received by the cable 1-1 measured by the logging winch, in the invention, the tension signal (namely the set tension signal) measured in real time can be set to be compared with the set tension signal, if the tension signal measured in real time is smaller than the set tension signal, the joint 2-4 is already clamped with the suspension point 2-5, and if the joint 2-4 is not clamped with the suspension point 2-5, the tension signal measured in real time is larger than or equal to the set tension signal; and/or the third characteristic, the stratum data measured by the logging instrument string in the fully pumped state is obviously changed compared with the drilling tool data measured by the logging instrument string contained in the drilling tool 2-2, namely the difference value of the stratum data and the drilling tool data is larger than or equal to the preset data value. The three characteristics can judge whether the instrument string is in a completely pumping state.
In the invention, the instrument is put in and withdrawn by the cooperation of the logging cable (cable 1-1) and the suspension systems 2-1 and 2-6.
In the invention, a first inductance coil (transmitting and receiving coil) is wound on the outer side of a grabbing head 2-3 of a lower hanger 2-6, a battery short section 2-9 supplies power to the first inductance coil, the inductance coil generates electromagnetic signals, a second inductance coil is wound on the outer side of a grabbing barrel 2-10, and a cable 1-1 is used for supplying power to the second inductance coil. The invention realizes wireless transmission of electric signals in a mud environment by utilizing the technology, thereby uploading data measured by the underground instrument string and sending an operation instruction to the underground instrument string. The data measured by the instrument string can be used for judging whether the measured data is a metal numerical value or an original stratum numerical value, and further judging whether the logging instrument completely enters a naked eye section. ( Open hole well is a special vocabulary related to the aspect of oil and gas exploration and drilling, and in the drilling process, in order to keep the stratum of some special stratum sections in the original state, a casing is arranged at some special stratum positions in the drilling. Open hole means a well without casing. )
In the invention, the bypass is lowered to a certain depth in the surface sleeve, and the drilling team slowly lifts the drilling tool 2-2 while withdrawing the cable 1-1, thereby meeting the requirement of the drilling team on moving drilling tools.
In the invention, when the drilling tool 2-2 is blocked, the cable 1-1 is lowered and the cable 2-1 is hung on the drilling tool, and the logging instrument is retracted to a wellhead. In the process of tripping and logging, the logging instrument and the drilling tool 2-2 can move relatively (the connection mode of the joint 2-4 and the suspension point 2-5), the drilling tool 2-2 is allowed to move up and down in a small range, and meanwhile, the well can be shut in, kill the well and circulate drilling fluid, so that the drilling crew can be free from blockage.
The invention relates to a reliable solution for acquiring complex well condition data, which solves the problems of large-displacement horizontal wells, large-vertical-ratio horizontal wells, large-inclination wells and complex well conditions (collapse, serious diameter shrinkage and high dogleg degree), and 1) where 2-2 drilling tools can be used for measuring. The method is not limited by the depth under the surface casing, well deviation, the depth of a deflecting point, the length of a horizontal segment and complex well conditions. The application range is widened, the well occupying time is reduced, the construction reliability is increased, the engineering risk is reduced, and the operation cost is saved. And (2) the pumping-out process of the logging instrument is controllable: when the logging instrument string is conveyed to the bottom of the well, the logging instrument string is placed inside the drilling tool 2-2 and is lowered by gravity at the initial stage, and when the gravity is not enough to lower the logging instrument string, the logging instrument string is pushed to be lowered by adopting a drilling fluid pumping mode. The pumping-out speed is controllable, the landing speed of the logging instrument can be controlled by controlling the tension and the lowering speed of the cable, and the pumping-out damage of the logging instrument is avoided; the pumping-out process is visually displayed, and whether the instrument completely enters the naked eye section can be accurately judged on the ground. And (3) the recovery process of the logging instrument is controllable: after the logging is finished or when the drilling tool is stuck, the instrument can be withdrawn to the ground at any time, so that the risk of the instrument outside the drilling tool is avoided, the safety of the logging instrument and a radioactive source is ensured, and the stuck releasing of a drilling team is facilitated. (4) The well logging projects can be increased as required, and all well logging tasks can be completed by one-time well logging without multiple butt joints and cable damage risks. (5) After the logging is finished, the logging instrument does not need to be started to the wellhead, and whether the logging is normal or not is judged in time by grabbing the instrument again, so that the next procedure is determined quickly.
The invention has been in Daqing oil field and Jilin oil field logging 71, wherein with wet joint type contrast logging 3, improve logging time efficiency 39%. The logging success rate is 92%, and the data qualification rate is 100%.
1. And (3) logging the horizontal well in the long horizontal section under the complex well condition. The well is a development well, the well depth is 3165m, and the well depth is 360m; collapsing and reducing the diameter of a plurality of parts of the vertical well section; some of the layer segments have losses. Horizontal section length 1145m, spiral wellbore, well deviation over 90 °; the inclination and orientation correction is greatly carried out, and the maximum dog-leg degree is 10.3 degrees/30 m; and other modes can not be used for construction, the well logging is completed smoothly in 24 hours by adopting the drill pipe, and the data is qualified.
2. And logging the well at a high inclination. The well is a five-section large-inclination directional well, and the well condition is complex; surface set depth 139m,150m kick off, maximum well deflection: 68.3 degrees; the vertical depth is 1200m, the horizontal displacement is 1209m, and the water-vertical ratio is 1.008; the maximum dog leg degree is 6.57 degrees/30 m; in the early stage, a drilling tool is adopted to convey and pump out the well, the well is constructed for 8 days, the well is lowered for 3 times, 2 gamma instruments are broken by vibration, and complete data are not obtained; and a through-drill-rod well logging system is adopted, and well logging is completed smoothly within 15 hours.
3. And (4) logging the well under complex well conditions. The well is an evaluation control well, and the geological condition is complex. In the well drilling process, the well kick occurs due to the existence of CO2 gas in the well, and after well killing, the leakage occurs at partial layer positions; after plugging, the viscosity of the drilling fluid is close to 100s; finally, the borehole collapses and the diameter is reduced seriously, the drilling tool is lowered to be blocked, and the drilling tool is lifted to be blocked. To solve the above problem, the drilling crew was working for 13 days. Due to complex well conditions, the well may need to be shut down at any time during well logging, and the construction cannot be carried out by using a cable well logging, a drilling tool conveying pump type and a wet joint type. And (4) constructing by adopting an over-drill rod logging system, recovering the instrument after the logging of the target layer is finished, and smoothly obtaining qualified data after 16 hours of operation.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely embodiments for expressing the invention, and the description is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, without departing from the concept of the present invention, it is possible for those skilled in the art to make various changes, substitutions of equivalents, improvements, and the like, which fall within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A cable pay-off and pay-off type through-the-drill-pipe well logging process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, drilling; one end of an instrument cabin (2-7) is connected with a drilling tool (2-2) on a drilling platform, and the other end of the instrument cabin (2-7) is connected with a bell mouth protective cap (2-8); the drilling tool (2-2), the instrument cabin (2-7) and the bell mouth protective cap (2-8) are provided with inner side flow channels; then, the instrument cabins (2-7) are lowered to the target layer section through a plurality of drill rods;
secondly, connecting a well head with a logging instrument; when the instrument cabins (2-7) are lowered to the target interval, assembling a logging instrument string on the ground, wherein the logging instrument string is arranged in a drill rod; the logging instrument string, comprising: the cable (1-1), the grabbing cylinder (2-10), the joint bone (2-4), the hanging point (2-5) and the lower hanger (2-6); the logging instrument string further comprises: the device comprises a horse tap (1-2), an upper hanger (2-1) and a battery short section (2-9), wherein the lower end of the horse tap (1-2) is the lower end (1-3) of the horse tap, the lower end (1-3) of the horse tap is connected with the upper hanger (2-1), a grabbing cylinder (2-10) of the upper hanger (2-1) is used for firmly grabbing the grabbing head (2-3) of the lower hanger (2-6), the lower part of the lower hanger (2-6) is connected with the battery short section (2-9), and the lower end of the battery short section (2-9) is connected with the logging instrument; the inner side flow channel of the instrument cabin (2-7) is provided with an inward convex edge which is a suspension point (2-5), the outer side of the joint bone (2-4) is clamped at the suspension point (2-5), and the grabbing cylinder (2-10) grabs the lower hanger (2-6); the grabbing cylinders (2-10), the joint bones (2-4) and the lower hangers (2-6) are arranged in the inner side flow channel, and the lower end of the logging instrument string is connected with a logging instrument; the cable (1-1) enters the drill rod from a drill rod bypass and is connected with the logging instrument in series, and the ground system judges the working state of the logging instrument; a first inductance coil is wound on the outer side of a grabbing head (2-3) of the lower hanger (2-6), a second inductance coil is wound on the outer side of the grabbing barrel (2-10), the first inductance coil and the second inductance coil upload data measured by the underground instrument string, an operation instruction is sent to the underground instrument string, and the data measured by the instrument string is used for judging whether a metal value or an original stratum value, so that whether a logging instrument completely enters a naked eye section is judged;
step three, conveying the logging instrument string; when the logging instrument string is conveyed to the bottom of the well, the logging instrument string is placed in the drilling tool (2-2) and is lowered by gravity at the initial stage, and when the gravity is insufficient to lower the logging instrument string, a drilling fluid pumping mode is adopted to control the pumping-out speed of the logging instrument string and push the logging instrument string to be lowered; judging whether the logging instrument string is completely pumped out; wherein, whether the logging instrument string is completely pumped out is judged according to one of the following characteristics: the method is characterized in that the lowering length of the cable (1-1) is consistent with the depth of a complete pumping state required by logging construction; secondly, the tension received by the cable (1-1) measured by a logging winch is reduced when the cable is completely pumped out; thirdly, comparing the formation data measured by the logging instrument string in the completely pumped-out state with the drilling tool data measured by the logging instrument string in the drilling tool (2-2), wherein the difference value between the formation data and the drilling tool data is larger than or equal to a preset data value;
landing and releasing the logging instrument string; after the logging instrument string is lowered to the target interval, the logging instrument string is safely landed in the instrument cabin (2-7) and released;
step five, withdrawing the cable; starting a logging winch, quickly withdrawing the cable (1-1), lifting the drilling tool at the same time until the cable (1-1) reaches a wellhead, and removing a bypass;
sixthly, tripping the drill and logging; lifting the drilling tool (2-2) to drive the logging instrument string to move upwards, so that the well logging during the tripping-out process is realized, and meanwhile, data storage is carried out;
step seven, withdrawing the instrument; after the target layer well logging is completed, the well logging instrument is withdrawn; the method comprises the following steps that a cable (1-1), a bridle (1-2) and an upper hanger (2-1) are lowered, a grabbing head (2-3) of the lower hanger (2-6) is grabbed, mechanical connection is carried out on the logging instrument in the well, after communication with the logging instrument is established, the logging instrument is closed, the logging instrument is withdrawn from a bell mouth protective cap (2-8) connected to the lower end of an instrument cabin (2-7) through the cable (1-1), and is collected into a flow channel of a drilling tool (2-2) and lifted to the well mouth;
in the first step to the seventh step, after the logging of the target layer is finished or when the drilling tool (2-2) is blocked, closing the logging instrument string and recovering the logging instrument string to the ground; the method comprises the steps of closing a lowering cable (1-1), a bridle (1-2) and an upper hanger (2-1), grabbing a grabbing head (2-3) of the lower hanger (2-6), mechanically connecting the grabbing head with an underground instrument, establishing communication, issuing an instruction, enabling a logging instrument with a borehole diameter leg to gather the borehole diameter leg, withdrawing the logging instrument from a bell mouth protective cap (2-8) connected to the lower end of an instrument cabin (2-7) through the cable (1-1), taking the logging instrument into a flow channel of a drilling tool (2-2), and withdrawing the logging instrument to the ground.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein in step four, after lowering the tool string to the interval of interest, the process of safely landing in the tool bay (2-7) and releasing the tool string is characterized in that: after the logging instrument string is lowered to the target interval, the joint ribs (2-4) of the lower hanger (2-6) land on the suspension points (2-5) to safely land the logging instrument string in the instrument cabin (2-7), and after the logging instrument is set in a logging state, an instruction is sent through the ground to control the upper hanger to release the grabbing barrel (2-10) and release the logging instrument string.
3. The process of any one of claims 1-2, further comprising: step eight, data reading and data processing; and after the logging instrument returns to the ground, the logging information stored in the data storage in the step six is read through a ground reading device, and time-depth conversion or/and curve playback is carried out.
4. The process of any of claims 1-2, wherein the pumping speed of the tool string is controlled in step three, wherein: the logging instrument string is pushed to move towards the bottom of the well in the drilling tool (2-2), and the lowering speed of the cable (1-1) is controlled through a logging winch in the moving process so as to control the pumping-out speed of the logging instrument string.
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| CN112112592B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2023-10-03 | 吉林大学 | Conveying device and method for deep well measuring instrument |
| CN116104480A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-05-12 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Rod throwing release device of underground drill logging instrument and application method thereof |
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