CN110291872B - Mechanical sliding vane translational type seed precision seeding device - Google Patents
Mechanical sliding vane translational type seed precision seeding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110291872B CN110291872B CN201910700066.4A CN201910700066A CN110291872B CN 110291872 B CN110291872 B CN 110291872B CN 201910700066 A CN201910700066 A CN 201910700066A CN 110291872 B CN110291872 B CN 110291872B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/002—Dibble seeders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mechanical sliding vane translational type precise seeding device, which comprises a seed selection mechanism, a seed filling mechanism and a seed filling-discharging mechanism; the seed filling mechanism comprises a mechanical translation driving mechanism fixedly connected with the side wall of the seed filling box, a translation sliding sheet structure is arranged on one side opposite to the mechanical translation driving mechanism, the translation sliding sheet mechanism comprises a U-shaped sliding groove and a supporting sliding sheet which are fixedly arranged, the supporting sliding sheet is horizontal, one end of the supporting sliding sheet is horizontally fixed on the side wall of the seed filling box, and the other end of the supporting sliding sheet can slide in the U-shaped sliding groove; the small motor power output shaft of the seed filling-discharging mechanism is horizontal, the upper connecting gear is meshed with the upper rack frame, and the lower connecting gear is meshed with the lower rack frame; the upper rack frame is fixedly connected with the upper cover plate, and the lower rack frame is fixedly connected with the lower bottom plate; the upper and lower connecting gears are all non-full-tooth gears, and only one of the upper and lower connecting gears is in a meshing state at the same time; the small motor drives the upper cover plate and the lower bottom plate to reciprocate through the two rack frames respectively, so that seed filling and seed discharging are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a seeding device, in particular to a mechanical sliding sheet translational type seed precision seeding device.
Background
Chinese patent document No. CN208987276U, published as 2019, 6 and 18 discloses a mechanical translation type single-seed precise sowing device for special-shaped seeds, which has the following technical problems:
1) in the seed selection link, the sorting box is of a circular structure, the space is not fully utilized, and the problem that the seed supply of the sorting box to the seed filling box is insufficient can occur;
2) in the seed filling link, four eccentric wheel type structures are adopted to support a seed filling box, the requirement on the installation precision is high, if installation errors occur, because one of the four eccentric wheel type structures is a driving wheel and the other three eccentric wheel types are driven wheels, when the seed filling device works, the self-locking phenomenon is easy to occur, the reliability and the stability of the device are influenced, and the risk of breaking down in advance is caused; aiming at different seed requirements, if the rotating diameter of the seed filling box is adjusted by replacing the eccentric supports, the four eccentric supports need to be replaced simultaneously, so that the requirement on the installation precision is greatly increased;
3) in the link of seed filling and seed discharging, the upper cover plate and the lower bottom plate are reset completely by the reset spring, and the reliability is difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mechanical sliding sheet translational type seed precision seeding device.A sorting box is of a square structure, the distribution density of holes is increased, the space is fully utilized, and the problem that the seeds are not sufficiently supplied to a seed filling box by the sorting box is avoided; in the seed filling link, the supporting sliding sheet is adopted to replace other three eccentric supports, so that the high requirement on the installation precision is greatly reduced, the self-locking phenomenon can be avoided, and the reliability and the stability of the equipment are ensured; aiming at different seed requirements, only one eccentric support needs to be replaced, so that the requirement on the installation precision is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the material is saved; in the link of seed filling and seed discharging, the cam mechanism is abandoned, the problem of unreliable mechanism caused by the use of a return spring is avoided, the gear and rack structure is adopted to control the connection of seed filling and seed discharging, the whole process of the stroke of the upper cover plate and the lower bottom plate is controlled, the structure is more reliable, two gears are mutually matched to complete opposite strokes, and the structural design is ingenious.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a mechanical sliding vane translational type precise seeding device comprises a seed selection mechanism, a seed filling mechanism and a seed filling-discharging mechanism; the seed selection mechanism comprises a plurality of layers of stacked sorting boxes, and the sorting box at the bottommost layer is arranged above the seed filling mechanism; the seed filling mechanism comprises a mechanical translation driving mechanism fixedly connected with the side wall of the seed filling box 4, a translation slip sheet mechanism is arranged on one side opposite to the mechanical translation driving mechanism, the translation slip sheet mechanism comprises a fixedly arranged U-shaped sliding groove and a supporting slip sheet 11, the supporting slip sheet is horizontally arranged, one end of the supporting slip sheet is horizontally fixed on the side wall of the seed filling box 4, and the other end of the supporting slip sheet can slide in the U-shaped sliding groove; the seed filling-discharging mechanism comprises a small motor 17 which is fixedly arranged, a power output shaft of the small motor 17 is horizontal, a lower connecting gear 24 and an upper connecting gear 20 are arranged on the power output shaft, the upper connecting gear 20 is meshed with an upper rack frame 19, and the lower connecting gear 24 is meshed with a lower rack frame 23; the upper rack frame 19 is fixedly connected with the upper cover plate 21, and the lower rack frame 23 is fixedly connected with the lower bottom plate 22; the upper engaging gear 20 and the lower engaging gear 24 are both non-full-tooth gears; the small motor 17 drives the upper cover plate 21 and the lower base plate 22 to reciprocate through the two rack frames respectively as follows: when the upper engaging gear 20 is engaged with the lower gear teeth of the upper rack frame 19, the lower engaging gear 24 is engaged with the upper gear teeth of the lower rack frame 23, at this time, the upper rack frame 19 drives the upper cover plate 21 to open the door, and the lower rack frame 23 drives the lower bottom plate 22 to close the door; when the gear teeth on the upper and lower connecting gears are not meshed with the upper and lower rack frames, the upper cover plate 21 and the lower bottom plate 22 are kept relatively static; the small motor 17 drives the upper engaging gear 20 and the lower engaging gear 24 to rotate after being started, when the upper engaging gear 20 is meshed with the upper gear teeth of the upper rack frame 19, the lower engaging gear 24 is meshed with the lower gear teeth of the lower rack frame 23, at the moment, the upper rack frame 19 drives the upper cover plate to close the door, and the lower rack frame 23 drives the lower bottom plate 22 to open the door; this is a seed-fill-unload cycle.
Preferably, the upper cover plate 21 and the lower base plate 22 are respectively arranged in a horizontal sliding groove at the bottom of the seed charging box and slide along the respective horizontal sliding groove.
Preferably, the driving motor 9 of the seed filling mechanism is arranged on the frame 10; the first gear 8 is installed on the driving motor 9, the second gear 7 is installed on the eccentric support 6 and is concentric with the main shaft of the eccentric support 6, the first gear 8 and the second gear 7 form a gear pair, and the driving motor 9 transmits power to the eccentric support 6; the eccentric support 6 is arranged on the frame 10; the eccentric support 6 supports the seed filling box 4 through a support frame 5 and a support sliding sheet 11; a frame bearing 16 is fixedly connected with the frame 10, and the main shaft of the eccentric support 6 and the frame complete rotary motion through the frame bearing 16; the frame bearing 16 is fixedly connected with the support frame 5, and the eccentric shaft of the eccentric support 6 and the support frame 5 complete rotary motion through the support bearing 15; the support frame 5 is fixedly connected with the seed filling box 4; the supporting sliding sheet 11 is fixedly connected with the seed filling box 4; the supporting sliding sheet 11 does plane sliding movement in the gap corresponding to the U-shaped sliding groove and simultaneously plays a supporting role for the seed filling box.
Preferably, the sorting boxes which are stacked in a plurality of layers are all in a rectangular structure.
Preferably, the seed selection mechanism comprises a first-stage separation box 1, a second-stage separation box 2 and a third-stage separation box 3, wherein the screening fineness of the first-stage separation box 1 is gradually reduced; the size of a type hole of the first-stage separation box 1 is the same as that of a seed filling box hole, the size of a type hole of the second-stage separation box 2 is smaller than that of the seed filling box hole, and a hole is not formed in the third-stage separation box 3; and the secondary separation box 2 is communicated with the separation box.
Preferably, a seed dropping platform 12 is arranged at the lower part of the seed filling box 4, and a plug tray 14 is arranged at the lower part of the seed dropping platform 12.
Preferably, the small motor 17 is arranged on a small motor mounting plate 18, and the small motor mounting plate 18 is fixedly connected with the seed filling box 4; the upper rack frame 19 and the lower rack frame 23 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper cover plate 21 and the lower bottom plate 22; the upper engaging gear 20 and the lower engaging gear 24 are mounted on the small motor shaft.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the sorting box is of a square structure, the distribution density of the holes is increased, the space is fully utilized, and the problem that the seeds are not sufficiently supplied to the seed filling box by the sorting box is solved;
2) in the seed filling link, the supporting sliding sheet is adopted to replace other three eccentric supports, so that the flatness is obviously improved, the high requirement on the installation precision is greatly reduced, the self-locking phenomenon can be avoided, and the reliability and the stability of the equipment are ensured; aiming at different seed requirements, only one eccentric support needs to be replaced, so that the requirement on the installation precision is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the material is saved;
3) in the link of seed filling and seed discharging, the cam mechanism is abandoned, the problem of unreliable mechanism caused by the use of a return spring is avoided, the gear and rack structure is adopted to control the connection of seed filling and seed discharging, the whole process of the stroke of the upper cover plate and the lower bottom plate is controlled, the structure is more reliable, two gears are mutually matched to complete opposite strokes, and the structural design is ingenious.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a left side view of the mechanical sliding blade translational precision seeding device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the mechanical sliding-piece translational precision seeding device of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a top view of the mechanical sliding blade translational precision seeding device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the mechanical sliding piece translational precision seeding device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 4.
As shown in the figure, 1 is a first-stage sorting box, 2 is a second-stage sorting box, 3 is a third-stage sorting box, 4 is a seed filling box, 5 is a support frame, 6 is an eccentric support, 7 is a second gear, 8 is a first gear, 9 is a driving motor, 10 is a frame, 11 is a support slip sheet, 12 is a seed dropping platform, 13 is a seed dropping platform, 14 is a hole tray, 15 is a support bearing, 16 is a frame bearing, 17 is a small motor, 18 is a small motor mounting plate, 19 is an upper rack frame, 20 is an upper engaging gear, 21 is an upper cover plate, 22 is a lower bottom plate, 23 is a lower rack frame, and 24 is a lower engaging gear.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
The seed selection mechanism part:
referring to fig. 1-5, a tertiary sort bin 3 is mounted on a seed-filling bin 4; the second-stage separation box 2 is arranged on the third-stage separation box 3; the primary sorting box 1 is arranged on the secondary sorting box 2;
the seed filling mechanism part:
the driving motor 9 is arranged on the frame 10; the first gear 8 is installed on the driving motor 9, the second gear 7 is installed on the eccentric support 6 and is concentric with the main shaft of the eccentric support 6, and the first gear 8 and the second gear 7 form a gear pair for transmitting power to the eccentric support 6 for the driving motor 9; the eccentric support 6 is arranged on the frame 10; the eccentric support 6 supports the seed filling box 4 through a support frame 5 and a support sliding sheet 11; the frame bearing 16 is fixedly connected with the frame 10, and the main shaft of the eccentric support 6 and the frame 10 complete rotary motion through the frame bearing 16; the supporting bearing 15 is fixedly connected with the supporting frame 5, and the eccentric shaft of the eccentric support 6 and the supporting frame 5 complete rotary motion through the supporting bearing 15; the support frame 5 is fixedly connected with the seed filling box 4; the supporting sliding sheet 11 is fixedly connected with the seed filling box 4; the supporting slide sheet 11 makes plane sliding movement in the gap corresponding to the frame 10, and simultaneously plays a supporting role for the seed filling box 4.
The working process is as follows: starting a driving motor 9, transmitting power to an eccentric support 6 through meshing of a first gear 8 and a second gear 7, rotating the eccentric support 6, driving a seed filling box 4 to do horizontal circular rotary motion through a support frame 5 and a support sliding sheet 11, and meanwhile, simultaneously, enabling a first-stage second-stage third-stage sorting box to do horizontal circular rotary motion, so that seeds which accord with the size of a seed filling box type hole fall into the seed filling box 4 to complete sorting work; the population performs plane rotation movement in the seed filling box 4, and seeds according with the size of the profile hole on the bottom of the seed filling box fall into the profile hole to complete the seed filling work.
Seed filling-discharging mechanism part:
referring to fig. 1, 4 and 6, the small motor 17 is mounted on a small motor mounting plate 18, and the small motor mounting plate 18 is fixedly connected with the seed filling box 4; the upper rack frame 19 and the lower rack frame 23 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper cover plate 21 and the lower bottom plate 22; the upper engaging gear 20 and the lower engaging gear 24 are mounted on the small motor shaft.
The working process is as follows: the small motor 17 drives the upper engaging gear 20 and the lower engaging gear 24 to rotate after being started, when the upper engaging gear 20 is meshed with the upper gear teeth of the upper rack frame 19, the lower engaging gear 24 is meshed with the lower gear teeth of the lower rack frame 23, at the moment, the upper rack frame 19 drives the upper cover plate to close the door, the lower rack frame 23 drives the lower bottom plate 22 to open the door, when the gear teeth on the upper and lower engaging gears are not meshed with the upper and lower rack frames, the upper cover plate 21 and the lower bottom plate 22 are kept relatively static, when the upper engaging gear 20 is meshed with the lower gear teeth of the upper rack frame 19, the lower engaging gear 24 is meshed with the upper gear teeth of the lower rack frame 23, at the moment, the upper rack frame 19 drives the upper cover plate 21 to open the door, and the lower rack frame 23 drives the lower bottom plate 22 to close the door, which is a seed charging-discharging engagement period; in a connection period, when the upper cover plate 21 is opened, the lower bottom plate 22 is closed, seeds fall into the seed filling box holes, when the upper cover plate 21 is closed, the lower bottom plate 22 is opened, the seeds fall into the lower bottom plate holes and fall into the hole trays 14 from the inner pipeline of the seed falling platform 12, and the seeding process is completed.
The seed dropping mechanism part: the seed dropping frame is fixed on the frame 10; the seed dropping platform 12 is fixed on the seed dropping frame, and pipelines in the seed dropping platform 12 correspond to the holes of the lower bottom plate and the holes of the hole tray 14 one by one.
The working process is as follows: the seeds fall into the lower bottom plate type holes and fall to the plug tray 14 through the inner pipeline of the seed falling platform 12, and the seeding process is completed.
The sorting box of the seed selecting mechanism is of a square structure, the distribution density of the holes is increased, the space is fully utilized, and the problem that the seed supply of the sorting box to the seed filling box is insufficient is solved; in the seed filling link, the supporting sliding sheet is adopted to replace other three eccentric supports, so that the high requirement on the installation precision is greatly reduced, the self-locking phenomenon can be avoided, and the reliability and the stability of the equipment are ensured; aiming at different seed requirements, only one eccentric support needs to be replaced, so that the requirement on the installation precision is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the material is saved; in the link of seed filling and seed discharging, the cam mechanism is abandoned, the problem of unreliable mechanism caused by the use of a return spring is avoided, the gear and rack structure is adopted to control the connection of seed filling and seed discharging, the whole process of the stroke of the upper cover plate and the lower bottom plate is controlled, the structure is more reliable, two gears are mutually matched to complete opposite strokes, and the structural design is ingenious.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an accurate seeder of mechanical gleitbretter translational type which characterized in that:
comprises a seed selection mechanism, a seed filling mechanism and a seed filling-discharging mechanism;
the seed selection mechanism comprises a plurality of layers of stacked sorting boxes, and the sorting box at the bottommost layer is arranged above the seed filling mechanism;
the seed filling mechanism comprises a mechanical translation driving mechanism fixedly connected with the side wall of the seed filling box (4), a translation slip sheet mechanism is arranged on one side opposite to the mechanical translation driving mechanism, the translation slip sheet mechanism comprises a fixedly arranged U-shaped slip groove and a supporting slip sheet (11), the supporting slip sheet is horizontally arranged, one end of the supporting slip sheet is horizontally fixed on the side wall of the seed filling box (4), and the other end of the supporting slip sheet can slide in the U-shaped slip groove;
the seed filling-discharging mechanism comprises a small motor (17) which is fixedly arranged, a power output shaft of the small motor (17) is horizontally arranged, a lower connecting gear (24) and an upper connecting gear (20) are arranged on the power output shaft, the upper connecting gear (20) is meshed with an upper rack frame (19), and the lower connecting gear (24) is meshed with a lower rack frame (23); the upper rack frame (19) is fixedly connected with the upper cover plate (21), and the lower rack frame (23) is fixedly connected with the lower bottom plate (22);
the upper connecting gear (20) and the lower connecting gear (24) are all non-full-tooth gears; the small motor (17) drives the upper cover plate (21) and the lower bottom plate (22) to do the following reciprocating motion through the two rack frames respectively:
when the upper engaging gear (20) is meshed with the lower gear teeth of the upper rack frame (19), the lower engaging gear (24) is meshed with the upper gear teeth of the lower rack frame (23), at the moment, the upper rack frame (19) drives the upper cover plate (21) to open the door, and the lower rack frame (23) drives the lower bottom plate (22) to close the door;
when the gear teeth on the upper and lower connecting gears are not meshed with the upper and lower rack frames, the upper cover plate (21) and the lower base plate (22) keep relatively static;
the small motor (17) drives the upper engaging gear (20) and the lower engaging gear (24) to rotate after being started, when the upper engaging gear (20) is meshed with the upper gear of the upper rack frame (19), the lower engaging gear (24) is meshed with the lower gear of the lower rack frame (23), at the moment, the upper rack frame (19) drives the upper cover plate to close the door, and the lower rack frame (23) drives the lower bottom plate (22) to open the door;
this is a seed-filling-discharging engagement period;
the upper cover plate (21) and the lower bottom plate (22) are respectively arranged in horizontal sliding grooves at the bottom of the seed charging box and slide along the respective horizontal sliding grooves;
the small motor (17) is arranged on a small motor mounting plate (18), and the small motor mounting plate (18) is fixedly connected with the seed charging box (4).
2. The mechanical sliding-piece translational precision seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a driving motor (9) of the seed filling mechanism is arranged on a rack (10); the first gear (8) is installed on the driving motor (9), the second gear (7) is installed on the eccentric support (6) and is concentric with a main shaft of the eccentric support (6), the first gear (8) and the second gear (7) form a gear pair, and the driving motor (9) transmits power to the eccentric support (6); the eccentric support (6) is arranged on the frame (10); the eccentric support (6) supports the seed charging box (4) through a support frame (5) and a support sliding sheet (11); a frame bearing (16) is fixedly connected with the frame (10), and a main shaft of the eccentric support (6) and the frame complete rotary motion through the frame bearing (16); the frame bearing (16) is fixedly connected with the support frame (5), and the eccentric shaft of the eccentric support (6) and the support frame (5) complete rotary motion through the support bearing (15); the support frame (5) is fixedly connected with the seed charging box (4); the supporting sliding sheet (11) is fixedly connected with the seed charging box (4); the supporting sliding sheet (11) does plane sliding movement in a gap corresponding to the U-shaped sliding groove and simultaneously plays a supporting role in the seed filling box.
3. The mechanical sliding-piece translational precision seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sorting boxes which are stacked in a plurality of layers are all rectangular structures.
4. The mechanical sliding-piece translational precision seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seed selection mechanism comprises a first-stage separation box (1) with the screening fineness gradually reduced, a second-stage separation box (2) and a third-stage separation box (3); the size of a profile hole of the first-stage separation box (1) is the same as that of a seed filling box type hole, the size of a profile hole of the second-stage separation box (2) is smaller than that of the seed filling box type hole, and a hole is not formed in the third-stage separation box (3); the secondary separation box (2) is communicated with the separation box.
5. The mechanical sliding-piece translational precision seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a seed dropping platform (12) is arranged at the lower part of the seed filling box (4), and a plug tray (14) is arranged at the lower part of the seed dropping platform (12).
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| CN201910700066.4A CN110291872B (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2019-07-31 | Mechanical sliding vane translational type seed precision seeding device |
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| CN201910700066.4A CN110291872B (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2019-07-31 | Mechanical sliding vane translational type seed precision seeding device |
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| CN110291872B true CN110291872B (en) | 2020-11-10 |
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| CN112514614A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-19 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Seed box driving mechanism capable of adjusting motion amplitude and seed metering device |
| CN113229106A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-10 | 刘晓丹 | Automatic feeding device of seedling raising plate for agricultural planting |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2889040B2 (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1999-05-10 | シャープ株式会社 | Platen feeder |
| CN205550834U (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-07 | 青岛科技大学 | Ground is experimental with gear drive formula screening plant |
| CN107258163B (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2023-09-05 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Mechanical rotary type special-shaped seed single-grain accurate sowing device |
| CN107716304A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-23 | 张雷 | A kind of sieve powder device suitable for powder bed metal 3D printing equipment |
| CN208837842U (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2019-05-10 | 温州大学瓯江学院 | A kind of mop |
| CN208643242U (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-03-26 | 河北大安制药有限公司 | The feeding device of diatomite |
| CN209017434U (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-06-25 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of accurate planting component suitable for mechanical flatly moving type seeding apparatus |
| CN108934318B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2023-12-29 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Mechanical translation type special-shaped seed single-grain accurate sowing device |
| CN109601079B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2023-10-20 | 华南农业大学 | Unidirectional-drive bidirectional synchronous telescopic linkage mechanism |
| CN109644970B (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2022-03-08 | 安徽工程大学 | Pesticide sprays dolly |
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