CN110291347A - For running the method for heat-pump apparatus, heat-pump apparatus and with the power plant of heat-pump apparatus - Google Patents
For running the method for heat-pump apparatus, heat-pump apparatus and with the power plant of heat-pump apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN110291347A CN110291347A CN201880011413.6A CN201880011413A CN110291347A CN 110291347 A CN110291347 A CN 110291347A CN 201880011413 A CN201880011413 A CN 201880011413A CN 110291347 A CN110291347 A CN 110291347A
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- heat
- evaporator
- working fluid
- heat source
- pump apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
- F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/04—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type
- F25B1/053—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type of turbine type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
- F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
It is recommended that a kind of method for running heat-pump apparatus (1), wherein, working fluid circulation in the working cycles circuit (100) of the orientation of heat-pump apparatus (1), wherein, working fluid is by compressor (20, ..., 25) it is compressed and is liquefied by liquefier (4), wherein, the quality stream of working fluid is being input to the first and second evaporators (31, 32) (102) are split and are concurrently transported to the first and second evaporators (31 before, 32), and wherein, working fluid is evaporated in the first evaporator (31) with the first evaporating pressure (411) and in the second evaporator (32) relative to smaller second evaporating pressure (412) evaporation of the first evaporating pressure (411).According to the present invention, first evaporator (31) is coupled with the first heat source (41) calorifics with the first heat source temperature, and the second evaporator (32) is coupled with Secondary Heat Source (42) calorifics, and the Secondary Heat Source has relative to the lower Secondary Heat Source temperature of the first heat source temperature.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method for running heat-pump apparatus, the heat-pump apparatus at least two evaporators and
Power plant, especially gas and steam combination power plant (referred to as: the power plant GnD) with heat-pump apparatus according to the invention.
Thermal energy, namely heat are absorbed from heat source and is output to heat dissipation by the evaporation of working fluid in heat pump
Device, working fluid recycle in the working cycles circuit of orientation in heat pump.Here, absorbed thermal energy is placed in by compressor
Higher stress level and then compared with evaporating temperature improve condensing temperature under be liquefied.The evaporation temperature of working fluid
Numerical value difference (temperature deviation) between degree and condensing temperature is bigger, then the efficiency of heat pump is lower.The efficiency of heat pump is by power
Coefficient (energy consumption ratio COP) measurement, wherein provided under power coefficient optimal cases by the phase cross-power of Carnot cycle.
If such as evaporating temperature is 40 DEG C and temperature deviation is 100K, power coefficient is 4.13.Here, workflow
The liquefaction of body is realized at 140 DEG C of condensing temperature.
Therefore the higher efficiency in order to realize heat pump, evaporating temperature should be as high as possible, that is, evaporates working fluid
Temperature.It is also advantageous that between heat source temperature and evaporating temperature in the case where the temperature difference as small as possible, thermal energy is from heat source
It is transmitted to working fluid.
It can be not usually especially very effectively to make in terms of its heat content by known heat pump or known heat-pump apparatus
With multiple and different heat sources for mixing up temperature.Therefore the largest portion of this heat is not utilized in the prior art.
The reason of utilizing for so-called insufficient calorifics of the different heat sources for mixing up temperature is, according to existing skill
The heat pump that art uses does not have temperature glide when absorbing heat from heat source (heat source side).That is, the steaming of the working fluid of heat pump
Hair is usually isothermal, and is thus carried out in the case where the specific change of not evaporating temperature.
A kind of method of preamble according to claim 1 as known to 10 2,014 213 542 A1 of document DE.
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in the heat acquisition or heat improved from multiple and different heat sources is returned
It receives.
The technical problem by the method for the technical characteristic according to independent claims 1, according to independent claims 13
Technical characteristic heat-pump apparatus and according to independent claims 19 technical characteristic power plant solve.It is wanted in appurtenance
It asks middle and advantageous design scheme and improvement plan of the invention is provided.
In the method according to the invention for running heat-pump apparatus, work of the working fluid in the orientation of heat-pump apparatus
It is recycled in circulation loop.The working fluid is compressed by compressor and is liquefied by liquefier.According to the present invention, institute
The quality stream for stating working fluid is split before being input at least one first and second evaporator and is concurrently conveyed
To at least one described first and second evaporator, wherein the working fluid is in the first evaporator with the first evaporating pressure
It is evaporated and in the second evaporator to be evaporated relative to smaller second evaporating pressure of the first evaporating pressure.
Furthermore according to the present invention, first evaporator is coupled with the first heat source calorifics with the first heat source temperature,
And second evaporator is coupled with Secondary Heat Source calorifics, and the Secondary Heat Source has lower relative to the first heat source temperature
Secondary Heat Source temperature.
In other words, the quality stream of working fluid is at least split into first before being input to the first and second evaporators
With the second protonatomic mass stream, wherein the first protonatomic mass conductance leads to the first evaporator, and the second protonatomic mass conductance leads to the second steaming
Send out device.
The evaporation of working fluid is carried out in two parallel work steps according to the present invention, that is to say, that working fluid
Evaporation carried out in two evaporators relative to the quality stream parallel connection of working fluid.Herein according to the present invention, the first evaporation
Device has the evaporating pressure bigger relative to the second evaporator.Since the second evaporating pressure reduces relative to the first evaporating pressure,
So carrying out the evaporation of working fluid under the second evaporating temperature by the second evaporator, the second evaporating temperature is relative to first
The first evaporating temperature in evaporator reduces.
If the first heat source is directed to the first evaporator, that is, couples with the first evaporator calorifics, and the second heat
Source is directed to the second evaporator, that is, couples with the second evaporator calorifics, then the thermal energy of heat source is applied multistagely.Therefore,
Heat source is coupled with evaporator series geothermics, wherein the temperature (heat source temperature) of heat source reduces in the sequence of evaporator.By
The heat source temperature of this corresponding evaporating temperature and the heat source coupled with corresponding evaporator calorifics matches, and evaporating temperature is namely
Temperature when working fluid in the first and/or second evaporator evaporates.
In other words, it is proposed, according to the invention, each evaporator is coupled from different heat source calorifics.Here, evaporator is opposite
In the parallel connection of working cycles circuit.Therefore the evaporation of the multistage of working fluid, at least two-stage is realized with different stress levels.
Therefore by multistage, at least two-stage evaporation according to the invention, the heat source side in heat-pump apparatus may be implemented
On temperature glide.Multiple and different heat sources (the first and second heat sources) for mixing up temperature effectively passes through heat-pump apparatus as a result,
It by calorifics utilizes, the efficiency without reducing heat-pump apparatus.In other words by the present invention, multiple heat sources can effectively have
Standby different temperature levels.
Heat-pump apparatus according to the invention includes at least one compressor, liquefier and at least one first and second evaporation
Device, wherein the heat-pump apparatus has the working cycles circuit of the orientation of the working fluid for circulation.According to the present invention, institute
The working cycles circuit for stating heat-pump apparatus is designed as, and the quality stream of the working fluid is input to first and second in working fluid
It is split before evaporator and is concurrently transported to the first and second evaporators, wherein the first evaporator has first to steam
It sends out pressure and the second evaporator has relative to smaller second evaporating pressure of the first evaporating pressure.
Furthermore according to the present invention, the heat-pump apparatus includes at least one first and second heat source, wherein the first heat source tool
There are the first heat source temperature and Secondary Heat Source to have relative to the lower Secondary Heat Source temperature of the first heat source temperature, and described the
One heat source is coupled with the first evaporator calorifics, and the Secondary Heat Source is coupled with the second evaporator calorifics.
Rankine heat pump process may be implemented by heat-pump apparatus according to the invention, which has in heat source
The temperature glide of side.In addition, heat source can effectively have different temperature levels in heat pump cycle circuit.There is provided with it is already described
The method according to the invention similarly and the advantages of identical value.
Power plant according to the invention includes heat-pump apparatus according to the invention.
It provides and already described the method according to the invention and heat-pump apparatus same form according to the invention and identical value
The advantages of.
Heat source is preferably designed to the different heat sources for mixing up temperature in power plant.
Advantageous design scheme according to the present invention, power plant, especially gas and steam combination power plant (power plant GnD)
Different waste heat be used separately as first and second heat source.
It is possible thereby to advantageously recycle a large amount of waste heat in power plant, which for example occurs by the operation in power plant.This
Outside, it can be advantageous to cooling equipment is saved, to realize lower investment cost.This generates electricity particularly with gas and steam combination
Factory is particularly advantageous, because it usually has a large amount of different waste heat sources.
Here it is preferred, in particular, that the waste heat of exhaust gas is used as first heat source, and the waste heat of transformer cooling device
As the Secondary Heat Source.
It is above situation because the heat source usually has relative to the other higher temperature of heat source.
In an advantageous design of the invention, the waste heat of exhaust gas, the waste heat of transformer cooling device, driver are cooling
The waste heat of device, the waste heat of cooling devcie of motor, the waste heat of capacitor cooling device, waste heat engine cabinet condenser it is cold
But the waste heat of the waste heat of device, the waste heat of steam turbine casing, the waste heat of engine cooler and/or feeding lubricating device is used
Make at least one of heat source.
Multiple waste heat sources in power plant are advantageously used in recycling thermal energy as a result,.Thus the efficiency in power plant is improved.
Advantageous design scheme according to the present invention, the working fluid concurrently quilt before being input to the first evaporator
It is delivered to the first expansion valve and is concurrently delivered to the second expansion valve before being input to the second evaporator.
In other words, by the preferably concurrently decompression or expansion of implementation fluid of the first and second expansion valves.For this purpose,
The quality stream of working fluid is split into first before the first and second evaporators and before the first and second expansion valves
With the second protonatomic mass stream, wherein the first protonatomic mass stream is led to the first expansion valve, and the second protonatomic mass stream is led to
Two expansion valves.By the first and second expansion valves, working fluid is placed in the first and second evaporating pressures.In other words, by
The first evaporating pressure is arranged in first expansion valve in the first evaporator, and is arranged in the second evaporator by the second expansion valve
Second evaporating pressure.
Advantageous design scheme according to the present invention, is compressed using the first and second compressors, wherein from described first
Working fluid derived from evaporator is transported to the first compressor, and working fluid is defeated derived from second evaporator
It send to the second compressor.
In other words, the compression of working fluid, the evaporation of such as working fluid preferably concurrently carry out.The quality of working fluid
Stream is split, and is directed to the first and second expansion valves, is subsequently delivered to the first and second evaporators, and steam first and second
The corresponding entrance of the first and second compressors is imported into after hair device.Work is carried out by two sub- quality streams as a result,
Make the expansion, evaporation and compression of fluid.
It is particularly preferred that using common motor shaft for the first and second compressors.
Thus the efficiency of compression is improved.
Advantageous design scheme according to the present invention, is compressed using common compressor, wherein from described first and
Working fluid derived from two evaporators is transported to common compressor.
In other words, working fluid is compressed in a method and step, namely carries out in common compressor.?
This, enters compressor therein as common compressor, so as to compression work for the protonatomic mass conductance of the first and second evaporators
Fluid.The effective and advantageous compression of working fluid is realized within the working cycles circuit of heat-pump apparatus as a result,.
Preferably, working fluid is led to before being delivered to common compressor derived from first evaporator
First check-valve, and working fluid is led to before being delivered to common compressor derived from second evaporator
Second check-valve.
Thus it advantageously ensures that, different stress levels not will lead to (pressure) recoil in the first and second evaporators.
Particularly preferably common compressor, the common compressor design are multistage turbocharger.Here, from
Working fluid derived from first evaporator is delivered to the first compression stage of the turbocharger, and steams from described second
Working fluid derived from hair device is delivered to the second compression stage of the turbocharger.
The protonatomic mass stream of working fluid merges into quality stream by the compression stage of turbocharger again as a result,.Work as a result,
The quality stream for making fluid is increased to a compression stage from a compression stage inside turbocharger.Thus advantageously, do not need
Using mass flow regulator, because the adjusting of quality stream may be implemented by the compression stage of turbocharger.
Suitable design scheme according to the present invention, the working fluid derived from the described first and/or second evaporator
Protonatomic mass stream is conditioned before being delivered to common compressor.
Especially ensure when using common compressor as a result, working fluid is sucked out simultaneously from the first and second evaporators
And it is delivered to common compressor.It can be adjusted by mass flow regulator.
Preferred improvement project according to the present invention, the workflow derived from described first and second or common compressor
Body is directed to liquefier.
In other words, the liquefaction of working fluid is advantageously in the working cycles circuit of heat-pump apparatus in common liquefaction
It is realized in device.
In general, the working cycles circuit of the heat-pump apparatus can be designed as, work derived from first evaporator
Fluid is transported to the first compressor, and working fluid is transported to the second compressor derived from second evaporator.
In addition, the working cycles circuit of the heat-pump apparatus is designed as, the working fluid quilt derived from first and second evaporator
It is delivered to common compressor, wherein common compressor is especially designed as multistage turbocharger.
In addition, the heat-pump apparatus have at least one expansion valve and/or at least one for adjusting quality stream and/or son
The mass flow regulator of quality stream.
Other advantage of the invention, feature and details are obtained according to embodiments discussed below and attached drawing.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the connection schematic diagram for having the heat-pump apparatus there are five compressor, five evaporators and five different heat sources,
Wherein, compressor and evaporator are connected in parallel relative to the quality stream of the working fluid of heat-pump apparatus；
Fig. 2 shows the connection signals of the heat-pump apparatus with common compressor, five evaporators and five different heat sources
Figure, wherein evaporator is connected in parallel relative to the quality stream of the working fluid of heat-pump apparatus；
Fig. 3 shows another of the heat-pump apparatus with a turbocharger, five evaporators and five different heat sources
Connection schematic diagram, wherein evaporator is connected in parallel relative to the quality stream of the working fluid of heat-pump apparatus；
Fig. 4 shows pressure-enthalpy curve graph of the design scheme of the method according to the invention.
Same type, reciprocity or phase same-action element can be equipped with identical appended drawing reference in the accompanying drawings.
All numerical value proposed below and/or temperature value are exemplary and do not limit the scope of the invention.
In addition, evaporator, compressor, expansion valve, check-valves, heat source and/or other elements specifically used quantity be also exemplary
And do not limit the scope of the invention.
Under normal circumstances, opposite concept, for example after liquefier or usually after the element of heat-pump apparatus or it
Before be interpreted as the working cycles of the orientation of heat-pump apparatus.In other words, the working cycles tool of heat-pump apparatus
There is a direction, method and step after or before element may be implemented in the direction.
The connection schematic diagram of heat-pump apparatus 1 is shown in FIG. 1.Heat-pump apparatus 1 include five evaporators 31 ..., 35 and five
A compressor 21 ..., 25.In addition, heat-pump apparatus 1 tool there are five expansion valve 51 ..., 55.In order to make the orientation in heat-pump apparatus 1
Working cycles circuit 100 within recycle working fluid liquefaction, be equipped with liquefier 4.Five compressors 21 ..., 25 be placed in
On common motor shaft 10.In other words, five compressors 21 ..., 25 by motor operation.
By working fluid input five evaporators 31 ..., before 35, quality stream is divided into (by 102 table of appended drawing reference
Show) five sub- quality streams, wherein each evaporator 31 ..., 35 be accurately entered one of five sub- quality streams.
Five evaporators 31 of heat-pump apparatus 1 ..., each of 35 attach respectively and therewith heat source 41 ..., 45 heat
Learn ground coupling.For example, the first heat source 41 is at least partly the waste heat of exhaust gas, Secondary Heat Source 42 is at least partly transformer Cooling dress
The waste heat set, third heat source 43 is at least partly the waste heat of cooling devcie of motor, and the 4th heat source 44 is at least partly transmission
The waste heat of device cooling device.So-called heat source is usually located at power plant, especially gas and steam combination power plant.
Here, the first heat source 41 for example with 90 DEG C of heat source temperatures (temperature of heat source) connects with 31 heat of the first evaporator
Touching.Here, at least part evaporation of the working fluid in the first evaporator 31, to absorb the thermal energy of the first heat source 41.It is logical
It crosses to working fluid and discharges heat, the temperature of the first heat source 41 for example drops to 75 DEG C.Secondary Heat Source 42 has 80 DEG C of heat source
It temperature and is coupled with 32 calorifics of the second evaporator.Third heat source 43 with 65 DEG C heat source temperature and with third evaporator
Couple to 33 calorifics.4th heat source 44 has 55 DEG C of heat source temperature and couples with 34 calorifics of the 4th evaporator.In addition
5th heat source 45 is coupled with 35 calorifics of the 5th evaporator.As a result, heat source 41 ..., it is 45 different in other words with different temperature
Temperature levels.
Heat source 41 ..., 45 thermal energy (latent heat) is theoretically only absorbed by its evaporation by working fluid.True
In heat-pump apparatus 1, the additional slight temperature that can carry out working fluid increases, for example increases the 5K (contraction in heat transfer
Point).
After the first heat source 41 is cooled by evaporator 31, the first heat source 41 has 75 DEG C of temperature.
After Secondary Heat Source 42 is cooled by the second evaporator 32, Secondary Heat Source 42 has 65 DEG C of temperature.It is similar
Ground, the heat source 43,44,45 of third, the 4th and the 5th are respectively provided with drop after the evaporator 33,34,35 for being associated with them respectively
Low temperature.
As a result, the evaporation of working fluid and thus from heat source 41 ..., 45 to the working fluid of heat-pump apparatus 1 heat transmitting
At least five evaporation steps 411 ..., realize in 415, wherein the first evaporation step 411 in the first evaporator 31 has
70 DEG C of evaporating temperature, the second evaporation step 412 in the second evaporator 32 have 60 DEG C of evaporating temperature, evaporate in third
Third evaporation step 413 in device 33 has 50 DEG C of evaporating temperature, and the 4th evaporation step in the 4th evaporator 34
414 have 40 DEG C of evaporating temperature.It is horizontal by being evaporated to different pressure and temperatures multistagely, although having used different tune
The heat source 41 of good temperature ..., 45, but the power coefficient of heat-pump apparatus 1 still increases.
In order to make working fluid be depressured or expansion, arranged in protonatomic mass stream respectively at least one expansion valve 51 ..., 55 and
At least one compressor 21 ..., 25.
In other words, the quality stream of working fluid is split into five sub- quality streams after liquefier 4, wherein first
Protonatomic mass conductance leads to the first expansion valve 51, and the second protonatomic mass conductance leads to the second expansion valve 52, and third protonatomic mass conductance is led to
Third expansion valve 53, the 4th protonatomic mass conductance lead to the 4th expansion valve 54, and to lead to the 5th swollen for last 5th protonatomic mass conductance
Swollen valve 55.
Expansion valve 51 ..., after 55, protonatomic mass stream be led to respectively evaporator 31 ..., one of 35 and then divide
Be not led to five compressors 21 ..., one in 25.By compressor 21 ..., after 25 compression work fluids, son
Quality stream merges into the common quality stream of working fluid again and is directed to liquefier 4, thus terminates the work of heat-pump apparatus 1
Make the working cycles of the orientation of fluid.Working fluid from heat source 41 ..., 45 thermal energy absorbed are released to and liquid by liquefier 4
Change the radiator 14 of 4 calorifics of device coupling or is supplied to other application.In other words, radiator 14 can be designed as heat and disappear
Consume device.
Fig. 2 shows tool there are five evaporator 21 ..., 25 and common compressor 20 heat-pump apparatus 1 connection schematic diagram.
In addition, heat-pump apparatus 1 also has liquefier 4, working fluid 4 and therefore heat is exported to radiator 14 for liquefying.
As illustrated in fig. 1, heat source 41 ..., the evaporator that is connected in parallel by five of at least part of 45 thermal energy
31 ..., 35 by working fluid five evaporators 31 ..., at least part of evaporation is passed on working fluid within 35.
For each heat source 41 ..., 45 be equipped with evaporator 31 ..., one of 35.
Relatively with Fig. 1, common compressor 20 is used in the embodiment shown in Figure 2, is used for compression work fluid.?
This, working fluid from five evaporators 31 ..., 35 protonatomic mass stream be led to common compressor 20 or altogether
Again the common quality stream that working fluid is merged into before same compressor 20, is led to common compressor 20.
In order to avoid (pressure) recoil, according to each evaporator 31 ..., the different stress levels in 35, each height
Quality stream respectively flow through check-valves 61 ..., 65.In addition, by least four mass flow regulators 71 ..., 74 suitably adjust
Protonatomic mass stream.Here, mass flow regulator 71 ..., 74 ensure working fluid from five evaporators 31 ..., each of 35
It is sucked away and is led to common compressor 20.
Fig. 3 shows particularly preferred design scheme of the invention, wherein heat-pump apparatus 1 includes common compressor 20, should
Compressor design is turbocharger 20.
Such as in Fig. 1 and/or as shown in Figure 2, the evaporation of the working fluid recycled within heat-pump apparatus 1 is multiple parallel
Evaporation step 411 ..., realize in 415, wherein each evaporation step 411 ..., 415 respectively by evaporator 31 ..., 35 into
Row.Therefore, individual evaporator 31 ..., it is 35 as shown in Fig. 1 and/or Fig. 2 in parallel for the quality stream of working fluid
Ground connection.In order to avoid (pressure) recoil also inside individual protonatomic mass stream be equipped with check-valves 61 ..., 65.Working fluid
Decompression or expansion also by multiple expansion valves 51 ..., 55 realize.As shown and described in Fig. 1 and/or Fig. 2, working fluid
Quality stream 102 one-tenth multiple protonatomic mass streams are split after liquefier 4.
Individual protonatomic mass stream be directed to respectively multistage turbocharger 20 compression stage 201 ..., 205.Here,
Evaporator 31 ..., 35 and check-valves 61 ..., after 65, protonatomic mass stream be led to individual compression stage 201 ..., 205.Example
Such as, the first protonatomic mass conductance from the first evaporator 31 leads to first check-valve 61, is then directed to turbocharger 20
First compressor 201.The second protonatomic mass conductance from the second evaporator 32 leads to second check-valve 62, is then directed to turbine
Second compressor 202 of booster 20.Here, each compression stage 201 of compressor 20 ..., 205 be arranged in common motor shaft
On 10.
Illustrative pressure-enthalpy curve graph of the design scheme of the method according to the invention is shown in FIG. 4.
Here, ordinate 114 shows the corresponding existing pressure of the working fluid inside the working cycles of heat-pump apparatus 1
Power p.The specific enthalpy h corresponding with pressure p of working fluid is shown on abscissa 116.
Quadrant in pressure-enthalpy curve graph is determined by liquidus 124 and liquefaction curve 126.The evaporation of working fluid
The ideal style shown in is realized along thermoisopleth 112, wherein the thermoisopleth between liquidus 124 and liquefaction curve 126
112 opposite abscissas 116 approximately parallel extend.In addition, showing multiple insentropes 110 in the curve graph of Fig. 4.
Since the liquefier 4 of heat-pump apparatus 1, first by the way that thermal energy is discharged into the liquefaction that radiator 14 realizes isothermal
230.The state 2 of working fluid is transitioned into state 3 as a result,.Point of the working fluid in pressure-enthalpy curve graph is expressed as state.
In an illustrated embodiment, liquefaction 230 is carried out under 130 DEG C of condensing temperature.
340 pressure (decompression 340) is then reduced, such as by the expansion or decompression of working fluid.Here, 3 transition of state
To multiple states 4.The expansion or decompression 340 of working fluid can be carried out concurrently as shown in Figures 1 to 3.
The evaporation of working fluid evaporation step 411 in parallel ..., in 415 by multiple evaporators being connected in parallel
31, it ..., 35 realizes.Here, evaporation step 411 ..., 415 approximatively or ideally isothermally carry out.The state 4 of working fluid
Therefore by evaporation 411 ..., 415 be transitioned into multiple states 1.Furthermore, it is possible to be equipped be greater than five shown in evaporation step
411、…、415。
Compression 120 is then carried out, that is, increases the pressure of working fluid, returns to shape from the state 1 of working fluid
State 2.The working cycles circuit 100 of the orientation of working fluid is completed as a result,.The compression 120 of working fluid can also be by parallel connection
Compressor 21 ..., 25 or realized by common compressor 20.
Especially with good grounds working fluid known in the art be used as the heat-pump apparatus working fluid.In addition, work
Nine fluoro- 4- (trifluoromethyl) of 1,1,1,2,2,4,5,5,5--propione (product name is advantageously comprised as fluid
NovecTM649), perfluoro-methyl butanone, the fluoro- 1- propylene of 1- chloro -3,3,3- three, syn-isomerism -1,1,1,4,4,4- hexafluoro -2-
At least one of butylene and/or pentamethylene material.Working fluid especially advantageously includes at least one fluorine ketone.
The advantages of described working fluid, is technical operability.This show as preferable Environmental Sustainability with
And its security feature, for example non-combustible or low-down greenhouse effects.Generally, substance perfluoro-methyl butanone is included into fluorine ketone,
And substance pentamethylene is included into cycloalkane.
According to it is proposed that a kind of method for heat-pump apparatus, wherein connected by the parallel connection of at least two evaporators
It connects and Rankine heat pump process may be implemented, which realizes by temperature glide from multiple and different heat for mixing up temperature
It effectively absorbs heat in source.Thus, it is possible to most effectively utilize multiple and different heat sources, especially multiple and different waste heat sources.Pass through heat pump
The heat that equipment is absorbed from heat source can provide at least partially through heat-pump apparatus and be used for other purposes.
Further it is proposed that the method according to the invention can be implemented in a kind of heat-pump apparatus according to the invention, the heat-pump apparatus.
Power plant according to the invention includes heat-pump apparatus according to the invention.At least partly it can recycle and mention by heat-pump apparatus
For the thermal energy of multiple and different waste heat sources of the heat energy power-generating factory.Thus power plant, especially gas and steam combination power plant are improved
Efficiency.
Although being shown specifically and elaborating that details of the invention, the present invention are not implemented openly by preferred embodiment
The limitation of example or technical staff are without departing from protection scope of the present invention it is possible thereby to derive other variant schemes
It can.
Claims (20)
1. method of the one kind for running heat-pump apparatus (1), wherein working fluid is followed in the work of the orientation of heat-pump apparatus (1)
Circulation in loop back path (100), wherein the working fluid is compressed and by compressor (20 ..., 25) by liquefier
(4) it is liquefied, wherein the quality stream of the working fluid is split before being input to the first and second evaporators (31,32)
(102) and concurrently the first and second evaporators (31,32) are transported to, and wherein, the working fluid is steamed first
It sends out in device (31) and is evaporated and in the second evaporator (32) with the first evaporating pressure (411) relative to the first evaporating pressure
(411) smaller second evaporating pressure (412) evaporation, which is characterized in that first evaporator (31) with there is the first heat source
It couples to the first heat source (41) calorifics of temperature, and second evaporator (32) is coupled with Secondary Heat Source (42) calorifics,
The Secondary Heat Source has relative to the lower Secondary Heat Source temperature of the first heat source temperature.
2. according to the method for claim 1, wherein power plant, especially gas and the different of steam combination power plant are given up
Heat is used separately as first and second heat source (41,42).
3. according to the method for claim 2, wherein the waste heat of exhaust gas is used as first heat source (41), and transformer
The waste heat of cooling device is used as the Secondary Heat Source (42).
4. according to method described in claim 2 or 3, wherein the waste heat of exhaust gas, the waste heat of transformer cooling device, driver
The waste heat of cooling device, the waste heat of cooling devcie of motor, the waste heat of capacitor cooling device, waste heat engine cabinet condensation
The waste heat of device cooling device, the waste heat of steam turbine casing, the waste heat of engine cooler and/or feeding lubricating device it is useless
Heat is used as at least one of heat source (41,42).
5. according to method described in one of preceding claims, wherein the working fluid is concurrently being input to the first evaporation
It is transported to the first expansion valve (51) before device (31) and to be transported to second before being input to the second evaporator (32) swollen
Swollen valve (52).
6. according to method described in one of preceding claims, wherein use the first and second compressors to compress (120)
(21,22), wherein the working fluid derived from first evaporator (31) is transported to the first compressor (21), and from
Working fluid derived from second evaporator (32) is transported to the second compressor (22).
7. according to the method for claim 6, wherein use common motor shaft for the first and second compressors (21,22)
(10)。
8. according to method described in one of claim 1 to 5, wherein (120) are compressed using common compressor (20),
In, the working fluid derived from first and second evaporator (31,32) is transported to common compressor (20).
9. according to the method for claim 8, wherein the working fluid derived from first evaporator (31) is being delivered to
It is led to first check-valve (61) before common compressor (20), and works from second evaporator (32) is derived
Fluid is led to second check-valve (62) before being delivered to common compressor (20).
10. according to method described in claim 8 or 9, wherein multistage turbocharger (20) is used as common compressor
(20), wherein the working fluid derived from first evaporator (31) is delivered to the first pressure of the turbocharger (20)
Contracting grade (201), and the working fluid derived from second evaporator (32) is delivered to the of the turbocharger (20)
Two compression stages (202).
11. according to method described in one of claim 8 to 10, wherein from the described first and/or second evaporator (31,32)
The protonatomic mass stream (71,72) of derived working fluid is conditioned before being delivered to common compressor (20).
12. according to method described in one of claim 6 to 11, wherein from described first and second or common compressor
Working fluid derived from (21,22,20) is directed to liquefier (4).
13. a kind of heat-pump apparatus (1), including at least one compressor (20 ..., 25), liquefier (4) and at least one first He
Second evaporator (31 ..., 35), wherein there is the heat-pump apparatus (1) work of the orientation of the working fluid for circulation to follow
Loop back path (100), wherein the working cycles circuit (100) is designed as, and the quality stream of the working fluid is defeated in working fluid
(102) are split before entering to the first and second evaporators (31,32) and are concurrently transported to the first and second evaporators
(31,32), wherein the first evaporator (31) with the first evaporating pressure (411) and the second evaporator (32) have relative to
Smaller second evaporating pressure (412) of first evaporating pressure (411), which is characterized in that the heat-pump apparatus (1) includes at least one
A first and second heat source (41,42), wherein the first heat source (41) has the first heat source temperature and Secondary Heat Source (42) has
Relative to the lower Secondary Heat Source temperature of the first heat source temperature, and first heat source (41) and first evaporator (31)
It couples to calorifics, and the Secondary Heat Source (42) is coupled with the second evaporator (32) calorifics.
14. heat-pump apparatus (1) according to claim 13, wherein the heat-pump apparatus has the first and second compressors
(21,22), wherein the working cycles circuit (100) of the heat-pump apparatus (1) is designed as, and is led from first evaporator (31)
Working fluid out is transported to the first compressor (21), and the working fluid derived from second evaporator (32) is defeated
It send to the second compressor (22).
15. heat-pump apparatus (1) according to claim 14, wherein first and second compressor (21,22) has altogether
Same motor shaft (10).
16. heat-pump apparatus (1) according to claim 13, wherein the heat-pump apparatus has common compressor (20),
Wherein, the working cycles circuit (100) of the heat-pump apparatus (1) is designed as, and is led from first and second evaporator (31,32)
Working fluid out is transported to common compressor (20).
17. heat-pump apparatus (1) according to claim 16, wherein common compressor (20) is designed as multistage turbine
Booster (20).
18. according to heat-pump apparatus described in one of claim 13 to 17 (1), wherein the heat-pump apparatus has at least one
Expansion valve (51 ..., 55) and/or at least one mass flow regulator (71 ..., 74).
19. a kind of power plant, especially gas and steam combination power plant, which is characterized in that the power plant includes according to right
It is required that heat-pump apparatus described in one of 13 to 18 (1).
20. power plant according to claim 19, which is characterized in that the heat source is designed to that the different of power plant mix up
The waste heat source of temperature.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017202227.2A DE102017202227A1 (en) | 2017-02-13 | 2017-02-13 | Method for operating a heat pump system, heat pump system and power plant with a heat pump system |
| DE102017202227.2 | 2017-02-13 | ||
| PCT/EP2018/051417 WO2018145884A1 (en) | 2017-02-13 | 2018-01-22 | Method for operating a heat pump installation, heat pump installation and power plant having a heat pump installation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110291347A true CN110291347A (en) | 2019-09-27 |
Family
ID=61226531
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201880011413.6A Pending CN110291347A (en) | 2017-02-13 | 2018-01-22 | For running the method for heat-pump apparatus, heat-pump apparatus and with the power plant of heat-pump apparatus |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3563098A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2020507733A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20190105019A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110291347A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102017202227A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018145884A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110887265A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-03-17 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Internal circulation superposition heat pump system, control method and heat pump dryer |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2018145884A1 (en) | 2018-08-16 |
| KR20190105019A (en) | 2019-09-11 |
| DE102017202227A1 (en) | 2018-08-16 |
| EP3563098A1 (en) | 2019-11-06 |
| JP2020507733A (en) | 2020-03-12 |
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