CN110288211A - A kind of water environment management method based on 3D map - Google Patents
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- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000013499 data model Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001123248 Arma Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000001303 quality assessment method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013075 data extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/152—Water filtration
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of water environment management methods based on 3D map, the following steps are included: 1), monitoring water environment data acquisition, 2), monitoring water environment data are transmitted, 3), water environmental aim system establish, 4), establish unified resource service platform and 5), establish water environment management application system；The water environment management method based on 3D map of the invention using " monitoring model (Monitoring Model)-data model (Data Model)-analysis model (Analysis Model) " " 3M " management method, realize water environment big data acquisition, integration, analysis and presentation can a variety of monitoring device differentiation such as the row of support mouth monitoring simultaneously, water quality monitoring, water level monitoring, remote sensing monitoring, video monitoring access；The big data analysis model for constructing the various dimensions such as water yield, water level, water quality, Hydraulic Projects, provides reliable basis for water environment management；The 3D-GIS presentation mode of two dimension limitation is broken through, realization gives full expression to data information, can cover the Life cycle of water environment management.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water environment management methods based on 3D map.
Background technique
Supervision department faces many problems in the methods and techniques of water environment management at present.Management method falls behind first,
Data statistics is summarized with manual operations, and difficulty with heavy work load is big；Existing information management system has a single function, and cannot cover comprehensively
The various aspects of lid water environment management；The department that management is related to is more, range is big, and data cannot be shared between each department, and information is complete
Property and real-time be not strong.
In order to preferably carry out water environment management work, supervision department utilizes " internet+" thinking, utilizes information-based skill
Art builds generalized information management system.System realizes the shared and integrated of data information based on big data to the full extent,
The functional modules such as basic information inquiry, environmental monitoring data inquiry, data statistics, Analysis of Policy Making are constructed, are mentioned for water environment management
For scientific basis and guarantee.
Existing water environment management technical solution is mainly the long service integration rwan management solution RWAN processed in river, relates generally to water conservancy
GIS-Geographic Information System, remotely-sensed data analysis system, video monitoring system, gridding Government Affair Management Systems, execution water administration law management system
The subsystems such as system.It is relatively independent between each subsystem, Data Integration and application can not be carried out well.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to realize water environment big data using the technologies such as Internet of Things, GIS, 3D modeling
Acquisition, integration, analysis and presentation, provide decision support for water environment management.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
A kind of water environment management method based on 3D map of the invention, using " monitoring model (Monitoring
" 3M " management method of Model)-data model (Data Model)-analysis model (Analysis Model) ", specifically includes
Water environment comprehensive monitoring model, water environment management multidate information data model, river three-dimensional geographic information data model, water quality are commented
Valence analysis model, water quality prediction analysis model and pollution Source Tracing model.
A kind of water environment management method based on 3D map, specifically includes the following steps:
1), monitoring water environment data acquire
Data, River Bank-Line are supervised including row's mouth monitoring data, water monitoring data, water level monitoring data, illegal operation
Monitoring data
A, row's mouth monitoring device is made of all kinds of water quality online analyzers, pH meter, flowmeter, automatic sampling instrument, valve etc..
B, water quality monitoring equipment is made of water quality online analyzers such as five parameter of water quality, COD, ammonia nitrogens.
C, water level monitoring equipment is made of water-level instrumentation, flowmeter etc..
D, illegal operation supervision water administration supervision ship, monitoring unmanned plane etc. by being made of.
E, River Bank-Line monitoring is made of video monitoring equipment, unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing monitoring device etc..
2), monitoring water environment data are transmitted
Live end installation data Acquisition Instrument or total quantity monitoring instrument connection monitoring device collect the data of step 1)；Pass through
The interaction of Modbus communication protocol data is transmitted based on ICP/IP protocol by GPRS, network interface card, and server-side is communicated by SOCKET and supervised
It listens and obtains collected data in the network port；
3), water environmental aim system is established
Different types of data are integrated, construct water environment big data model, the water environment big data model is by basic number
It constitutes according to library, dynamic data base, attribute database and spatial database by basic database, dynamic data base, attribute database
It is constituted with spatial database；
Wherein, basic database includes environmental basis information database, organizational framework information database, system information
Database, one grade of river information database, monitoring station information database；
The dynamic data base includes course of work information database, selective examination inspection information database, examination assessment information
Database, monitoring data information database, using pushed information database and department's shared information and data library；
The attribute database includes object database, object base database, main service data library, object relationship
Database and metadatabase；
The spatial database includes Remote Sensing Image Database, basic geographic database, object space database, thematic number
According to library and business shared data bank.
Heterogeneous database exchange needs to complete two big functions of data extraction and conversion.Complete heterogeneous database exchange mainly need with
Lower four steps: 1. connection heterogeneous data sources；The rule 2. setting is extracted；3. data cleansing；4. the formulation of transformation rule.
4) unified resource service platform, is established
Establish includes web services, GIS service, the unified resource of data access service, mobile application service and short message service
Service platform
Wherein, GIS service needs to construct river three-dimensional geographic information model.The sense of reality and meter showed from three-dimensional visualization
Efficiency is calculated, is classified to the various information of space atural object.Triangulation is mainly used for spatial objects such as landform, water systems
Method constructs threedimensional model.
Abstract six class objects that are divided into of spatial phenomenon: point object, line object, rule in face of as, rule body object, do not advise
Then object and DTM.Spatial Data Model is constructed based on all six class geometric elements.
5) water environment management application system, is established
Water environment management application system includes water environment management GIS-Geographic Information System and water environment management comprehensive business system,
Can carry out water environment basic information, monitoring information, the query analysis of business information and water-environmental factors, water quality prediction,
Pollution is traced to the source.
Wherein, water quality assessment analysis is using a kind of opposite water quality eyaluation method, with water quality required by corresponding water body
Classification judges whether water body pollutes, and needs to calculate comprehensive pollution indexes P.As P≤1, indicate that water quality is qualified；As 1 < P≤2,
Indicate water pollution；As P > 2, indicate that water quality seriously pollutes.
The calculation formula of comprehensive pollution indexes P is as follows:
Wherein, PiMonomial pollution exponent.Monomial pollution exponent calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, CiPollutant measured concentration；SiThe standard value of water quality classification required by the water body.
Water quality prediction analysis uses ARMA (p, q) model, i.e. ARMA model.Stationary sequence { yiARMA
(p, q) model tormulation form is as follows:
Yt=c+ α1yt-1+α2yt-2+…+αpyt-p+εt-β1εt-1-β2εt-2-…-βqεt-q
Wherein, t is current time；c,αi(i=0,1 ..., p) and βi(i=0,1 ..., q) is constant coefficient；{εtBe with
Machine disturbance term sequence.
Pollute the decision analytic model that Source Tracing uses target decomposition scheme building.It is factorial analysis first, according to pollution
The monitoring result of the factor determines major pollutants；Clustering is carried out again, and according to the pollution sources inventory of acquisition, determination can generate this
The enterprise-class of pollutant；Weight analysis is finally carried out, the factors such as distance, flow direction, history discharge amount are comprehensively considered, and is given certain
Weight, find the emission source of maximum probability.
Difference with the prior art of the present invention are as follows:
1, prior art fails sufficiently to realize the shared and integrated of data resource.This programme is sufficiently by environmental basis number
According to, environmental monitoring data, environmental management business datum technically realize intercommunication, and realize being total to for integrated data based on 3D map
It enjoys.
2, prior art fails to provide effective support for water environment management decision.This programme sufficiently carries out data digging
Pick constructs decision analytic model, provides very accurately data support for water environment management.
3, prior art is not intuitive enough in data presentation, and viewability is not strong.This programme is based on the number such as geography information
According to using 3D modeling technology, drafting 3D map constructs GIS-Geographic Information System.
The beneficial effects obtained by the present invention are as follows being:
Water environment management method based on the 3D map of the invention row's of support mouth monitoring simultaneously, water quality monitoring, water level monitoring,
A variety of monitoring device differentiation accesses such as remote sensing monitoring, video monitoring；Construct the various dimensions such as water yield, water level, water quality, Hydraulic Projects
Big data analysis model, provide reliable basis for water environment management；Break through the 3D-GIS presentation mode of two dimension limitation, realization pair
Data information gives full expression to, and can cover the Life cycle of water environment management.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes part of specification, with reality of the invention
It applies example to be used to explain the present invention together, not be construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of heterogeneous database exchange in water environment big data model in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the block diagram based on all six class geometric elements building Spatial Data Models in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is 3M administrative model figure of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that preferred reality described herein
Apply example only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of water environment management method based on 3D map, comprising the following steps:
1), monitoring water environment data acquire
Data, River Bank-Line are supervised including row's mouth monitoring data, water monitoring data, water level monitoring data, illegal operation
Monitoring data
A, row's mouth monitoring device is made of all kinds of water quality online analyzers, pH meter, flowmeter, automatic sampling instrument, valve etc..
B, water quality monitoring equipment is made of water quality online analyzers such as five parameter of water quality, COD, ammonia nitrogens.
C, water level monitoring equipment is made of water-level instrumentation, flowmeter etc..
D, illegal operation supervision water administration supervision ship, monitoring unmanned plane etc. by being made of.
E, River Bank-Line monitoring is made of video monitoring equipment, unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing monitoring device etc..
2), monitoring water environment data are transmitted
Live end installation data Acquisition Instrument or total quantity monitoring instrument connection monitoring device collect the data of step 1)；Pass through
The interaction of Modbus communication protocol data is transmitted based on ICP/IP protocol by GPRS, network interface card, and server-side is communicated by SOCKET and supervised
It listens and obtains collected data in the network port；It can be transmitted by 4G network, broadband network and environmentally friendly private network
3), water environmental aim system is established
Different types of data are integrated, construct water environment big data model, the water environment big data model is by basic number
It constitutes according to library, dynamic data base, attribute database and spatial database by basic database, dynamic data base, attribute database
It is constituted with spatial database；
Wherein, basic database includes environmental basis information database, organizational framework information database, system information
Database, one grade of river information database, monitoring station information database；
The dynamic data base includes course of work information database, selective examination inspection information database, examination assessment information
Database, monitoring data information database, using pushed information database and department's shared information and data library；
The attribute database includes object database, object base database, main service data library, object relationship
Database and metadatabase；
The spatial database includes Remote Sensing Image Database, basic geographic database, object space database, thematic number
According to library and business shared data bank.
Heterogeneous database exchange needs to complete two big functions of data extraction and conversion.Complete heterogeneous database exchange mainly need with
Lower four steps: 1. connection heterogeneous data sources；The rule 2. setting is extracted；3. data cleansing；4. the formulation of transformation rule.
4) unified resource service platform, is established
Establish includes web services, GIS service, the unified resource of data access service, mobile application service and short message service
Service platform
Wherein, GIS service needs to construct river three-dimensional geographic information model.The sense of reality and meter showed from three-dimensional visualization
Efficiency is calculated, is classified to the various information of space atural object.Triangulation is mainly used for spatial objects such as landform, water systems
Method constructs threedimensional model.
Abstract six class objects that are divided into of spatial phenomenon: point object, line object, rule in face of as, rule body object, do not advise
Then object and DTM.Spatial Data Model is constructed based on all six class geometric elements, as shown in Figure 2.
5) water environment management application system, is established
Water environment management application system includes water environment management GIS-Geographic Information System and water environment management comprehensive business system,
Can carry out water environment basic information, monitoring information, the query analysis of business information and water-environmental factors, water quality prediction,
Pollution is traced to the source.
Wherein, water quality assessment analysis is using a kind of opposite water quality eyaluation method, with water quality required by corresponding water body
Classification judges whether water body pollutes, and needs to calculate comprehensive pollution indexes P.As P≤1, indicate that water quality is qualified；As 1 < P≤2,
Indicate water pollution；As P > 2, indicate that water quality seriously pollutes.
The calculation formula of comprehensive pollution indexes P is as follows:
Wherein, PiMonomial pollution exponent.Monomial pollution exponent calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, CiPollutant measured concentration；SiThe standard value of water quality classification required by the water body.
Water quality prediction analysis uses ARMA (p, q) model, i.e. ARMA model.Stationary sequence { yiARMA
(p, q) model tormulation form is as follows:
Yt=c+ α1yt-1+α2yt-2+…+αpyt-p+εt-β1εt-1-β2εt-2-…-βqεt-q
Wherein, t is current time；c,αi(i=0,1 ..., p) and βi(i=0,1 ..., q) is constant coefficient；{εtBe with
Machine disturbance term sequence.
Pollute the decision analytic model that Source Tracing uses target decomposition scheme building.It is factorial analysis first, according to pollution
The monitoring result of the factor determines major pollutants；Clustering is carried out again, and according to the pollution sources inventory of acquisition, determination can generate this
The enterprise-class of pollutant；Weight analysis is finally carried out, the factors such as distance, flow direction, history discharge amount are comprehensively considered, and is given certain
Weight, find the emission source of maximum probability.
" 3M " management method of water environment management of the invention gives:
1, water environment comprehensive monitoring model
2, water environment management multidate information data model
3, river three-dimensional geographic information data model
4, water quality assessment analysis model
5, water quality prediction analysis model
6, Source Tracing model is polluted
Based on the above monitoring model (Monitoring Model), two data models (Data Model), three
Analysis model (Analysis Model) realizes acquisition, integration, analysis and the presentation of water environment big data.
Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of water environment management method based on 3D map, which is characterized in that use monitoring model-data model-analysis mould
" 3M " management method of type specifically includes water environment comprehensive monitoring model, water environment management multidate information data model, river three
Tie up geographic information data model, water quality assessment analysis model, water quality prediction analysis model and pollution Source Tracing model.
2. as described in claim 1 based on the water environment management method of 3D map, which comprises the following steps:
1), monitoring water environment data acquire
Including row's mouth monitoring data, water monitoring data, water level monitoring data, illegal operation supervision data, River Bank-Line monitoring
Data；
2), monitoring water environment data are transmitted
The collected data of step 1) pass through GPRS, network interface card by the interaction of Modbus communication protocol data, based on ICP/IP protocol
Transmission, server-side obtain collected data in the network port by SOCKET communication intercept；
3), water environmental aim system is established
Integrate different types of data, construct water environment big data model, the water environment big data model by basic database,
Dynamic data base, attribute database and spatial database are constituted；
4) unified resource service platform, is established
Establish includes web services, GIS service, data access service, mobile application service and the unified resource service of short message service
Platform；
5) water environment management application system, is established
The water environment management application system includes water environment management GIS-Geographic Information System and water environment management comprehensive business system,
It can carry out water environment basic information, monitoring information, the query analysis of business information and water-environmental factors, water quality prediction
It traces to the source with pollution.
3. as claimed in claim 2 based on the water environment management method of 3D map, which is characterized in that the water ring of the step 3)
Border database needs to construct water environment management multidate information data model, by basic database, dynamic data base, attribute database
It is constituted with spatial database；
The basic database includes environmental basis information database, organizational framework information database, system information data
Library, one grade of river information database, monitoring station information database；
The dynamic data base includes course of work information database, selective examination inspection information database, examination assessment information data
Library, monitoring data information database, using pushed information database and department's shared information and data library；
The attribute database includes object database, object base database, main service data library, Object Relational Database
And metadatabase；
The spatial database includes Remote Sensing Image Database, basic geographic database, object space database, thematic data base
With business shared data bank.
4. as claimed in claim 2 based on the water environment management method of 3D map, which is characterized in that the GIS of the step 4)
Service needs to construct river three-dimensional geographic information data model；Three-dimensional geographic information model is constructed using the method for triangulation,
Will be abstract six class objects that are divided into of spatial phenomenon: point object, line object, rule in face of as, rule body object, irregular object
And DTM.
5. as claimed in claim 2 based on the water environment management method of 3D map, which is characterized in that the water ring of the step 5)
Border management comprehensive operation system needs to construct water quality assessment analysis model, water quality prediction analysis model and pollution Source Tracing mould
Type.
The water quality assessment analysis model is a kind of opposite water quality eyaluation method, with water quality classification required by corresponding water body
Judge whether water body pollutes, needs to calculate comprehensive pollution indexes P.As P≤1, indicate that water quality is qualified；As 1 < P≤2, indicate
Water pollution；As P > 2, indicate that water quality seriously pollutes.
The calculation formula of comprehensive pollution indexes P is as follows:
Wherein, PiMonomial pollution exponent.Monomial pollution exponent calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, CiPollutant measured concentration；SiThe standard value of water quality classification required by the water body；
The water quality prediction analysis model is ARMA (p, q) model, i.e. ARMA model；Stationary sequence { yi?
ARMA (p, q) model tormulation form is as follows:
Yt=c+ α1yt-1+α2yt-2+…+αpyt-p+εt-β1εt-1-β2εt-2-…-βqεt-q
Wherein, t is current time；c,αi(i=0,1 ..., p) and βi(i=0,1 ..., q) is constant coefficient；{εtIt is to disturb at random
Dynamic Xiang Xulie；
The pollution Source Tracing model is the decision analytic model constructed using target decomposition scheme；It is factorial analysis, root first
Major pollutants are determined according to the monitoring result of pollution factor；Clustering is carried out again, according to the pollution sources inventory of acquisition, determines meeting
Generate the enterprise-class of the pollutant；Weight analysis is finally carried out, distance, flow direction, history discharge amount are comprehensively considered, and is given certain
Weight, find the emission source of maximum probability.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110749712A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-04 | 成都工业学院 | GIS drinking water source environment monitoring information data analysis and processing system |
| CN111724036A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-29 | 黑龙江省网络空间研究中心 | High-score multi-source data fusion-based dynamic monitoring method for river boundary water resource |
| CN113592668A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-11-02 | 杭州智果科技有限公司 | Water quality area division management system |
| CN113899872A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-01-07 | 中水三立数据技术股份有限公司 | Pollution source traceability system based on water quality monitoring |
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