CN110287642B - Method for adjusting air coefficient of ceramic kiln - Google Patents

Method for adjusting air coefficient of ceramic kiln Download PDF

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CN110287642B
CN110287642B CN201910613543.3A CN201910613543A CN110287642B CN 110287642 B CN110287642 B CN 110287642B CN 201910613543 A CN201910613543 A CN 201910613543A CN 110287642 B CN110287642 B CN 110287642B
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alpha value
gas
air coefficient
kiln
flue gas
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CN110287642A (en
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裴秀娟
郑占申
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North China University of Science and Technology
Huida Sanitary Ware Co Ltd
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North China University of Science and Technology
Huida Sanitary Ware Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/08—Thermal analysis or thermal optimisation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for adjusting air coefficient of a ceramic kiln, which constructs a thermal technical scheme and a calculation model for adjusting the air coefficient through an on-site intelligent instrument and a database which are connected with the ceramic kiln. The air coefficient of the ceramic kiln is adjusted to an optimal value through a thermal technical scheme and a calculation model for adjusting the air coefficient, so that the quality and the grade of a product can be improved while the requirements of a product firing process are met, energy conservation, emission reduction and consumption reduction can be realized to the greatest extent, and the green development of the ceramic industry is promoted.

Description

Method for adjusting air coefficient of ceramic kiln
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic processing, in particular to a method for adjusting air coefficient of a ceramic kiln.
Background
The energy consumption for the firing process in the ceramic production is about 61 percent, and the ceramic kiln is a thermal device with high energy consumption and high smoke emission, so that the fuel consumption and CO of the unit product of the ceramic kiln are reduced 2 、SO 2 And NO x The discharge amount of the ceramic is a problem to be solved urgently in sustainable development of the ceramic industry. The air coefficient has very important influence on the combustion completeness, fuel consumption, combustion temperature, heat efficiency, flue gas amount, atmosphere and the like of fuel in the kiln, and the control of the optimal air coefficient is one of important measures for ensuring the product quality and realizing energy conservation and emission reduction of the kiln.
At present, the gas combustion control of ceramic kilns in China is only limited to meet the requirements of temperature and atmosphere, and a scientific air coefficient thermal regulation system and a calculation model do not exist, so that the actual air coefficient of the kiln is generally in an out-of-control state. The ideal air coefficient for complete combustion of gas is 1.05-1.10. While the air coefficient of domestic ceramic gas furnaces is generally 1.5-1.8, and some furnaces are even higher. The air coefficient can cause that the flue gas volume is big, combustion temperature is low, flue gas radiation ability diminishes, increase gas consumption, and the heat that takes away when the flue gas leaves the kiln is many, and the velocity of flow of flue gas in kiln system increases, and resistance loss also increases along with it, and smoke exhaust fan's electric energy consumption increases. The air coefficient is less than the ideal value, so that the gas can be burnt incompletely, and the gas is wasted. The optimal air coefficient is adjusted, so that the requirements of the product firing process can be met, the quality and the grade of the product can be improved, the energy conservation, emission reduction and consumption reduction can be realized to the maximum extent, and the green development of the ceramic industry is promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for adjusting the air coefficient of a ceramic kiln, which constructs a thermal technical scheme and a calculation model for adjusting the air coefficient through an on-site intelligent instrument and a database which are connected with the ceramic kiln.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for adjusting the air coefficient of a ceramic kiln comprises the following steps:
1) Collecting the composition of fuel gas used by a ceramic kiln, and establishing a database by combining the temperature of the kiln;
2) Determining the specific part of the ceramic kiln for collecting thermotechnical parameters in sections;
3) Determining real-time thermal parameters including gas flow Q of each part of the kiln needing to be collected by the intelligent instrument f Combustion air flow rate Q a Actual temperature t of gas f Actual temperature t of combustion air a Temperature t in kiln and O in flue gas 2 And the volume percent of CO;
4) Calculating theoretical air quantity according to actual composition of gas
Figure BDA0002123164300000021
And theoretical amount of flue gas V 0 The calculation formula is:
Figure BDA0002123164300000022
Figure BDA0002123164300000023
5) Determining an air coefficient alpha value;
6) Automatically regulating the volume flow Q of the gas by a set temperature f ；
7) Automatically adjusting the flow Q of combustion air according to the set alpha value a ；
8) Running test and adjustment optimization are carried out according to the real-time CO% and O in the flue gas collected by the intelligent instrument on site 2 And percent, checking whether the operation result meets the requirement or not, and carrying out corresponding adjustment.
Preferably, the composition of the fuel gas in the step 1) comprises CO and H 2 、CH 4 、C 2 H 6 、C 2 H 4 、H 2 S、CO 2 、N 2 、O 2 、H 2 O。
Preferably, the method for determining the air coefficient α value in step 5) includes the following three cases:
when an oxidizing atmosphere is required, O is required according to the atmosphere 2 Calculating alpha value, alpha and O by volume percentage 2 % of the relationship:
Figure BDA0002123164300000024
when reducing atmosphere is required, the air coefficient alpha is less than 1, and the alpha value is determined according to the strength requirement of the reducing atmosphere;
when only the gas is required to be completely combusted and no atmosphere is required, the minimum alpha value is adopted on the premise of ensuring the complete combustion of the gas, and the alpha value is 1.05-1.1.
Preferably, the automatic regulation of the flow rate Q of the comburent air according to the set value of α as described in step 7) a According to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002123164300000025
wherein Q is a Has the unit of m 3 H, actual temperature t of combustion air a In units of DEG C, the actual temperature t of the gas f In units of DEG C, gas volume flow Q f Unit is m 3 /h。
Preferably, the real-time CO% and O in the flue gas collected by the on-site intelligent instrument in the step 8) 2 And percent, checking whether the operation result meets the following three requirements:
(1) when an oxidizing atmosphere is required, CO% =0,O in flue gas 2 % corresponds to the desired value;
(2) when a weak reducing atmosphere is required, 0 in the flue gas<CO％<2 percent; when strong reducing atmosphere is required, CO =3% -5% in the flue gas. And O is 2 ％＝0；
(3) When the gas is required to be completely combusted without the requirement of atmosphere, the CO% in the flue gas is not less than 0,O 2 % minimum;
if the condition is met, the adjusted alpha value is the optimal value;
if the alpha value does not meet the conditions, fine tuning optimization is carried out on the alpha value according to the specific actual conditions until the optimal alpha value is reached.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a ceramic kiln air coefficient adjusting technology and a ceramic kiln air coefficient adjusting method. The invention has the advantage that the air coefficient of the ceramic kiln is adjusted to an optimal value through a thermal technical scheme and a calculation model for adjusting the air coefficient.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples.
A method for adjusting the air coefficient of a ceramic kiln comprises the following steps:
1) Collecting the composition of gas used by the ceramic kiln, and establishing a database by combining the temperature of the kiln, wherein the composition of the gas comprisesComprises CO and H 2 、CH 4 、C 2 H 6 、C 2 H 4 、H 2 S、CO 2 、N 2 、O 2 、H 2 O；
2) Determining the specific part of the ceramic kiln for collecting thermal parameters in sections;
3) Determining real-time thermal parameters including gas flow Q of each part of the kiln needing to be collected by the intelligent instrument f Combustion air flow rate Q a Actual temperature t of gas f Actual temperature t of combustion air a Temperature t in kiln and O in flue gas 2 And the volume percent of CO;
4) Calculating theoretical air quantity according to actual composition of gas
Figure BDA0002123164300000033
And theoretical amount of flue gas V 0 The calculation formula is:
Figure BDA0002123164300000031
Figure BDA0002123164300000032
5) The method for determining the air coefficient alpha value comprises the following three conditions:
when an oxidizing atmosphere is required, O is determined according to the atmosphere requirement 2 Calculating alpha value, alpha and O by volume percentage 2 % of the relationship:
Figure BDA0002123164300000041
when reducing atmosphere is required, the air coefficient alpha is less than 1, and the alpha value is determined according to the strength requirement of the reducing atmosphere;
when only the complete combustion of the gas is required and no atmosphere is required, the minimum alpha value is adopted on the premise of ensuring the complete combustion of the gas, and the alpha value is 1.05-1.1;
6) Automatically regulating the volume flow Q of the gas by the set temperature f ；
7) Automatically adjusting the combustion air flow Q according to the set alpha value a According to the following formula;
Figure BDA0002123164300000042
wherein Q is a Has the unit of m 3 H, actual temperature t of combustion air a In units of DEG C, the actual temperature t of the gas f In units of DEG C, gas volume flow Q f Unit is m 3 /h；
8) Running test and adjustment optimization are carried out according to the real-time CO% and O in the flue gas collected by the intelligent instrument on site 2 And percent, checking whether the operation result meets the following three requirements:
(1) when an oxidizing atmosphere is required, CO% =0,O in flue gas 2 % corresponds to the desired value;
(2) when a weak reducing atmosphere is required, 0 in the flue gas<CO％<2 percent; when strong reducing atmosphere is required, CO =3% -5% in the flue gas. And O is 2 ％＝0；
(3) When the gas is required to be completely combusted without the requirement of atmosphere, the CO% in the flue gas is not less than 0,O 2 % minimum;
if the condition is met, the adjusted alpha value is the optimal value;
if the alpha value does not meet the conditions, fine tuning optimization is carried out on the alpha value according to specific actual conditions until the optimal alpha value is reached and corresponding adjustment is carried out.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many changes can be made in the embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In view of the foregoing, the description is not to be taken in a limiting sense.

Claims (3)

1. A method for adjusting the air coefficient of a ceramic kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Collecting the composition of fuel gas used by a ceramic kiln, and establishing a database by combining the temperature of the kiln;
2) Determining the specific part of the ceramic kiln for collecting thermal parameters in sections;
3) Determining real-time thermal parameters including gas volume flow Q of each part of the kiln needing to be collected by the intelligent instrument f Combustion air flow rate Q a Actual temperature t of gas f Actual temperature t of combustion air a Temperature t in kiln and O in flue gas 2 And the volume percent of CO;
4) Calculating theoretical air quantity according to actual composition of gas
Figure FDA0003935455370000011
And theoretical flue gas volume V 0 The calculation formula is:
Figure FDA0003935455370000012
Figure FDA0003935455370000013
5) Determining an air coefficient alpha value;
6) Automatically regulating the volume flow Q of the gas by the set temperature f ；
7) Automatically adjusting the combustion air flow Q according to the set alpha value a ；
8) Running test and adjustment optimization are carried out according to the real-time CO% and O in the flue gas collected by the intelligent instrument on site 2 Detecting whether the operation result meets the requirement or not and carrying out corresponding adjustment;
the method for determining the air coefficient alpha value in the step 5) comprises the step of determining the O required by the atmosphere according to the atmosphere when the oxidizing atmosphere is required 2 Calculating alpha value, alpha and O by volume percentage 2 % of the relationship:
Figure FDA0003935455370000014
the method for determining the air coefficient alpha value in the step 5) comprises the steps that when reducing atmosphere is required, the air coefficient alpha is less than 1, and the alpha value is determined according to the strength requirement of the reducing atmosphere;
the method for determining the air coefficient alpha value in the step 5) comprises the steps of adopting the minimum alpha value on the premise of ensuring the complete combustion of the fuel gas when the fuel gas is only required to be completely combusted and no atmosphere is required, wherein the alpha value is 1.05-1.1;
step 7) automatically adjusting the combustion air flow Q according to the set alpha value a According to the following formula:
Figure FDA0003935455370000021
wherein Q a Has the unit of m 3 H, actual temperature t of combustion air a In units of DEG C, the actual temperature t of the gas f In units of DEG C, gas volume flow Q f Unit is m 3 /h。
2. The method for adjusting the air factor of the ceramic kiln as recited in claim 1, wherein the composition of the fuel gas in step 1) comprises CO, H 2 、CH 4 、C 2 H 6 、C 2 H 4 、H 2 S、CO 2 、N 2 、O 2 、H 2 O。
3. The method for adjusting the air coefficient of the ceramic kiln as recited in claim 1, wherein the real-time flue gas collected by the on-site intelligent instrument in the step 8) contains CO% and O% 2 And percent, checking whether the operation result meets the following three requirements:
(1) when an oxidizing atmosphere is required, the flue gas contains CO% =0,O 2 % corresponds to the desired value;
(2) when the requirement is weak0 in the flue gas in reducing atmosphere<CO％<2 percent; when strong reducing atmosphere is required, CO in the flue gas is =3% -5%, and O 2 ％＝0；
(3) When the gas is required to be completely combusted without the requirement of atmosphere, the CO% in the flue gas is not less than 0,O 2 % minimum;
if the condition is met, the adjusted alpha value is the optimal value;
if the alpha value does not meet the conditions, fine tuning optimization is carried out on the alpha value according to the specific actual conditions until the optimal alpha value is reached.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101111727A (en) * 2005-01-28 2008-01-23 （株）庆东Network Method for maximum efficiency of non-condensing boiler
CN102654286A (en) * 2012-05-18 2012-09-05 无锡龙山科技有限公司 Intelligent dynamic combustion atmosphere controller
CN103062790A (en) * 2012-12-29 2013-04-24 聚光科技(杭州)股份有限公司 Method for controlling combustion inside heating furnace
CN107401923A (en) * 2016-05-18 2017-11-28 深圳市善能科技有限公司 Kiln burning efficiency control method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101111727A (en) * 2005-01-28 2008-01-23 （株）庆东Network Method for maximum efficiency of non-condensing boiler
CN102654286A (en) * 2012-05-18 2012-09-05 无锡龙山科技有限公司 Intelligent dynamic combustion atmosphere controller
CN103062790A (en) * 2012-12-29 2013-04-24 聚光科技(杭州)股份有限公司 Method for controlling combustion inside heating furnace
CN107401923A (en) * 2016-05-18 2017-11-28 深圳市善能科技有限公司 Kiln burning efficiency control method

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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《陶瓷窑炉中气体燃料富氧燃烧及其窑炉热工特性的研究》;高强;《中国知网硕士电子期刊》;20121015;全文 *
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