CN110287573A - A kind of model leaf design method suitable for floating blower scale model basin test - Google Patents
A kind of model leaf design method suitable for floating blower scale model basin test Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of model leaf design methods suitable for floating blower scale model basin test, it is related to technical field of wind power generation, this method low Reynolds number airfoil replaces aerofoil profile used in former fan blade, and the distribution of chord length and torsional angle is redistributed by optimization algorithm, the pneumatic thrust of lift scheme fan blade, to promote the accuracy and reliability of floating blower scale model.The present invention obtains geometric similarity blade first according to real scale fan blade according to Fu Laode scaling law；Then replace former aerofoil profile with low Reynolds number airfoil, distributes twist angle of blade distribution by maximum lift tracing algorithm；Chord length again based on trial-and-error method adjustment each section aerofoil profile of blade；Blade construction shape is advanced optimized finally by Local uniqueness, obtains axial thrust performance similar with full size floating fan blade.The present invention has the advantages that step simple, clear process, accurate reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of wind power generation, especially floating blower scale model test technical field, specifically
A kind of model leaf design method suitable for floating blower scale model basin test.
Background technique
Nowadays, floating blower scale model basin test is considered as research floating blower dynamics, verifies novel float
The most accurate reliable, economically viable method of formula platform concept, verification numerical value calculating instrument.
As the combination of the fixed wind energy conversion system of floating ocean platform technology and land, floating blower basin test can be from
Experience and guidance are obtained in floating ocean platform scale model basin test and wind energy conversion system scale model wind tunnel test.However, floating
Formula platform-anchoring system hydrodynamics Froude number is similar similar to the aerodynamics Reynolds number of fan blade in the presence of natural
Incompatibility, this is referred to as Reynolds number scale effect.It is believed that basin test should focus more on floating platform-mooring system
The hydrodynamics of system should effectively consider Fu Laode similarity law.Under Fu Laode similarity law, the operating Reynolds number of model blower
The decline of the 2-3 order of magnitude occurs, this makes the wind wheel thrust of model blower decline to a great extent with theoretical value.Wind wheel thrust is
The important exciting force of floating platform movement is influenced, inaccurate wind wheel thrust will lead to the floating blower movenent performance of inaccuracy
Assessment.Therefore, Reynolds number scale effect bring adverse effect is mitigated by related art method, lift scheme blower is in not labor
Moral contracts than the wind wheel thrust under environmental working condition, is the important technological problems of floating blower scale model test urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problem of the prior art, the present invention is adopted the following technical solutions to solve above-mentioned technological difficulties:
The present invention provides a kind of model leaf design method suitable for floating blower scale model basin test: root first
Factually scale fan blade obtains geometric similarity blade according to Fu Laode scaling law；Then replaced with low Reynolds number airfoil former
Aerofoil profile distributes twist angle of blade distribution by maximum lift tracing algorithm；String again based on trial-and-error method adjustment each section aerofoil profile of blade
It is long；Blade construction shape is advanced optimized finally by Local uniqueness, obtains axial direction similar with full size floating fan blade
Thrust performance.
The present invention provides a kind of model leaf design methods suitable for floating blower scale model basin test, including
Following steps:
Step S1 determines scaling factor λ according to the experimental condition in pond and performance requirement；
Step S2 designs geometric similarity blade according to Fu Laode scaling law according to the blade parameter of real scale blower
FSR, the blade as model blower；
Step S3 calculates the operating Reynolds number of the blade of the model blower, obtains Reynolds number interval, in the Reynolds number
The superior aerofoil profile of interval selection working performance replaces the aerofoil profile in the geometric similarity blade FSR as operating Reynolds number aerofoil profile；
Step S4 calculates the Aerodynamic of the operating Reynolds number aerofoil profile, determines that maximum lift corresponds to angle of attack *；
Step S5 passes through the torsional angle of the maximum lift tracing algorithm MLT each section aerofoil profile of blade for distributing the model blower
Distribution；
Step S6 determines the distribution of the chord length of each section aerofoil profile of blade of the model blower based on trial-and-error method；
Step S7 optimizes the knot of the blade of the model blower by the Local uniqueness to the chord length and the torsional angle
Structure shape obtains floating blower scale model performance similar vanes PSR.
Further, the determination of scaling factor λ described in the step S1 includes the following conditions factor:
(1) structure size in the pond, including maximum water depth, anchoring system space for its deployment, make wave energy power, make stream energy
Power；
(2) wind making system performance, including maximum wind velocity, wind field area of effective coverage.
Further, the determination of scaling factor λ described in the step S1 further includes the following conditions factor:
(3) basic size of floating platform, including draft；
(4) experimentation cost.
Further, the step S2 further include:
S201: the two-dimensional shapes of each section aerofoil profile of blade of the real scale blower are determined；
S202: the chord length and torsional angle of each section aerofoil profile of the blade of the model blower are determined, is respectively as follows:
βm(μ)=βf(μ) (2)
Wherein, subscript m and subscript f respectively indicate the model blower and the real scale blower, and c indicates the string of aerofoil profile
Long, β indicates the torsional angle of aerofoil profile, and μ is the section position of aerofoil profile.
Further, the big blade tip chord length of the blade root chord length of the blade of the model blower is short；The blade of the model blower
Section torsional angle from blade tip to blade root be incremented by.
Further, the operating Reynolds number aerofoil profile in the step S3 selection the following steps are included:
S301: the operating Reynolds number of the blade of the real scale blower is calculated:
Wherein, Re indicates Reynolds number；V0For arrives stream wind speed；ν is air movement viscosity；Λ is blower work wing tip speed ratio,
It indicates are as follows:
Wherein, the wind wheel radius that Ω is wind speed round, R is the real scale blower；
S302: it is contracted according to Fu Laode than law, obtains the operating Reynolds number of the blade of the model blower:
Rem=λ-1.5Ref (5)
S303: according to the operating Reynolds number of the blade of the model blower, select the superior aerofoil profile of working performance as institute
State operating Reynolds number aerofoil profile；
S304: replace the aerofoil profile in the performance similar vanes FSR, the model blower with the operating Reynolds number aerofoil profile
Each section of blade chord length and torsional angle remain unchanged.
Further, the step S4 further include:
S401: using value technical method or wind-tunnel technique, the operating Reynolds number aerofoil profile is obtained in operating Reynolds number
Under basic Aerodynamic, the corresponding relationship including lift coefficient, resistance coefficient and the aerofoil profile angle of attack；
S402: the lift coefficient-angle of attack pair of the operating Reynolds number aerofoil profile under Fu Laode scaling factor environmental condition is drawn
It should be related to, obtain the maximum lift coefficient under operating Reynolds number and correspond to angle of attack *.
Further, in the step S5 further include:
S501: best wing tip speed ratio Λ is obtained according to the wind energy coefficient curve of the real scale blower, as the model
The projected working point of the blade of blower；
S502: axial inducible factor of each aerofoil section of blade in the projected working point of the real scale blower is calculated
A (μ) and tangential inducible factor b (μ)；
S503: the distribution of the torsional angle in each section of the blade of the model blower is calculated according to the formula in formula (6):
Wherein, β is blade profile torsional angle；μ is that section normalizes position；A and b is axially and tangentially inducible factor；Λ is
Best wing tip speed ratio, the Maximun power coefficient of the corresponding real scale blower；α * is the maximum lift coefficient under operating Reynolds number
The corresponding angle of attack.
Further, in the step S6 further include:
S601: the chord length in each section of blade of the model blower is adjusted:
cm(μ)=K (μ) cf(μ) (7)
Wherein, the chord length in each section of blade of the model blower is on the basis of the chord length of the geometric similarity blade FSR
On multiplied by an identical proportionality coefficient, it may be assumed that
K(μ)≡K (8)
S602: by trial-and-error method, obtaining optimal Proportional coefficient K, determines each section aerofoil profile of the blade of the model blower
Chord length distribution.
Further, in the step S7 further include:
S701: according to floating blower scale model cabin design, the blade of cabin wheel hub and the model blower is obtained
Type of attachment and size for connection；
S702: according to the size for connection, the size of the root cylindrical region of the blade of the model blower is adjusted；
S703: establishing the leaf three-dimensional model of the model blower, and readjusted by a small margin, to advanced optimize the mould
The construction profile of the blade of type blower.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1. the present invention replaces the method for former aerofoil profile by the lower aerofoil profile of selection operating Reynolds number, can high degree elimination
The negative effect of Reynolds number scale effect has the advantages that high-efficient, significant effect；
2. the present invention by the torsional angle distribution of maximum triumph tracing algorithm MLT optimization blade, has, algorithm is succinctly understandable, holds
The high advantage of line efficiency；
3. clear process of the present invention executes simplicity, related researcher is facilitated to design referring to mentioned method convenient and efficient,
Develop a set of model fan blade suitable for floating blower scale model basin test.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is model leaf design method flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is each section chord length of obtained blade and torsional angle distribution schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is that the thrust coefficient of archeus fan blade of the invention, geometric similarity blade and performance similar vanes is illustrated
Figure；
Fig. 4 is that the exhibition of archeus fan blade of the invention, geometric similarity blade and performance similar vanes is distributed to load
Figure.
Specific embodiment
A preferred embodiment of the present invention is introduced below with reference to Figure of description, keeps its technology contents more clear and just
In understanding.The present invention can be emerged from by many various forms of embodiments, and protection scope of the present invention not only limits
The embodiment that Yu Wenzhong is mentioned.
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, several changes and improvements can also be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
Fig. 1 is a kind of model leaf design method process suitable for floating blower scale model basin test of the invention
Figure, the described method comprises the following steps:
Step S1 determines suitable scaling factor λ according to basin test condition and performance requirement；
Step S2 obtains geometric similarity blade design according to Fu Laode scaling law according to real scale fan blade parameter
(FSR)；
Step S3, the reynolds number range of aerofoil profile, and selects suitable low Reynolds number airfoil accordingly, uses in computation model test
Low Reynolds number airfoil replaces the aerofoil profile in geometric similarity blade FSR.
Step S4 calculates the Aerodynamic of low Reynolds number airfoil, calculates its maximum lift and corresponds to angle of attack *.
Step S5 passes through maximum lift tracing algorithm (MLT) distribution model leaf on the basis of geometric similarity blade FSR
The torsional angle of each section aerofoil profile of piece is distributed.
Step S6 determines the chord length distribution of each section aerofoil profile of model leaf based on trial-and-error method.
Step S7 advanced optimizes blade construction shape by Local uniqueness, obtains floating blower scale model performance phase
Like blade (PSR).
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the foundation that the scaling factor in step S1 determines includes: the basic structure ruler of (1) experimental tank
It is very little, such as maximum water depth, anchoring system space for its deployment, make wave energy power, make stream ability；(2) wind making system performance, such as most strong wind
Speed, wind field area of effective coverage etc.；(3) basic size of floating platform, such as draft；(4) test budget, it is general and
Speech, moulded dimension is bigger, and corresponding experimentation cost is higher.After comprehensively considering various factors, reasonable model test reduced scale is determined
Than being denoted as λ.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the design of geometric similarity blade FSR is specifically included that in step S2
S201: the two-dimensional shapes of each section aerofoil profile of blade are determined.According to large-scale each cross sectional shape of floating fan blade, keep
Shape invariance directly scales it.
S202: the chord length and torsional angle of each section aerofoil profile of blade are determined.Large-scale floating fan blade usually has blade root chord length
The short feature of big blade tip chord length.Meanwhile being often accompanied by the section torsional angle being incremented by from blade tip to blade root.Each blade of geometric similarity blade is cut
The chord length and torsional angle in face are respectively as follows:
βm(μ)=βf(μ) (2)
In formula, subscript " m " and " f " respectively indicate model blower and archeus blower.C indicates aerofoil profile chord length, and β indicates blade
Section torsional angle, μ are aerofoil section position.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the low Reynolds number airfoil selection in step S3 is specifically included that
S301: the operating Reynolds number of archeus floating fan blade is calculated:
Wherein, Re indicates Reynolds number；V0For arrives stream wind speed；ν is air movement viscosity；Λ is blower work wing tip speed ratio,
It indicates are as follows:
Wherein, Ω is wind speed round；R is the wind wheel radius of archeus blower.
S302: it is contracted according to Fu Laode than law, obtains the operating Reynolds number of model fan blade:
Rem=λ-1.5Ref (5)
As it can be seen that the operating Reynolds number of model blower declines to a great extent than archeus blower.If using archeus blower
Vane airfoil profile, model blower wind wheel thrust will decline to a great extent, and there are huge deviations for theoretical value.
S303: it according to the operating Reynolds number of model blower, selects in this superior aerofoil profile of Reynolds number interval working performance, such as
SD2030 aerofoil profile, and referred to as low Reynolds number airfoil.
S304: replace the aerofoil profile in FSR with selected low Reynolds number airfoil, keep the chord length and torsional angle in each section of blade
It is constant.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the main contents of step S4 are as follows:
S401: utilizing effective numerical technique method or wind-tunnel technique, obtains low Reynolds number airfoil in work Reynolds
Basic Aerodynamic under several, such as lift coefficient, the corresponding relationship of resistance coefficient and the aerofoil profile angle of attack.
S402: drawing lift coefficient-angle of attack corresponding relationship of the low Reynolds number airfoil under Fu Laode scaling factor environmental condition,
The maximum lift coefficient obtained under operating Reynolds number corresponds to the angle of attack, is denoted as α *.
Maximum lift tracing algorithm MLT basic thought in above-mentioned technical proposal, in step S5 are as follows: big due to Reynolds number
Width declines, and the aerodynamic lift of each blade profile is far smaller than theoretical value in FSR.To make full use of the pneumatic of each section of model leaf
Lift resource, all sections of guide blades work at maximum lift, so that lift scheme blade to a certain extent is pneumatic
Lift.
Corresponding main contents are as follows:
S501: best wing tip speed ratio Λ is obtained according to the wind energy coefficient curve of real scale blower, and as model leaf
The projected working point of piece；
S502: by reliable numerical computation method, real each aerofoil section of scale fan blade is obtained in the axis of operating point
To inducible factor a (μ) and tangential inducible factor b (μ)；
S503: the torsional angle distribution in each section of model leaf is calculated according to the following formula:
In formula, β is blade profile torsional angle；μ is that section normalizes position；A and b is axially and tangentially inducible factor；Λ is
Best wing tip speed ratio, the Maximun power coefficient of corresponding reality scale blower；α * is that the maximum lift coefficient under operating Reynolds number is corresponding
The angle of attack.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, step S6 specifically includes that adjustment each section volume chord length of model leaf:
cm(μ)=K (μ) cf(μ) (7)
A kind of processing mode of simplicity is that the chord length in all sections is all identical multiplied by one on the basis of FSR chord length
Proportionality coefficient, it may be assumed that
K(μ)≡K (8)
By gradually attempting and adjusting, optimal Proportional coefficient K is obtained.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, step S7 is specifically included that
S701: according to floating blower scale model cabin design, obtain cabin wheel hub and model leaf type of attachment and
Its basic size；
S702: according to size for connection, the size of model leaf root cylindrical region is adjusted, it is ensured that the reliability of connection；
S703: establishing model leaf threedimensional model, investigates the slickness and Machinability Evaluation of its each transitional region, and to it
It is readjusted by a small margin, to advanced optimize the construction profile of model leaf.
Pass through each above-mentioned steps program after real scale leaf chord length and torsional angle parameter are provided by above-mentioned implementation method
Implementation, can finally mention similar performance blade (PSR).
Fig. 2 show DTU 10MW with reference to the chord length and torsion of the geometric similarity blade FSR and performance similar vanes PSR of blower
Angle distribution situation.Compared to geometric similarity blade, performance similar vanes have longer chord length with the pneumatic of lift scheme blade
Lift.Meanwhile the torsional angle distribution of performance similar vanes also has bigger difference with geometric similarity blade.
Fig. 3 show the thrust coefficient CT and wing tip of real scale fan blade, geometric similarity blade and performance similar vanes
The corresponding relationship of speed ratio TSR, it is seen that performance similar vanes " PSR, MLT " and real scale " Full " blade obtained based on the present invention
It can be kept higher matching degree in certain wing tip ratio coverage, performance is far superior to geometric similarity blade " FSR ".
Fig. 4 show the exhibitions of real scale fan blade, geometric similarity blade and performance similar vanes to loading conditions,
It can be seen that based on it is proposed by the present invention open up obtained to loaded matching algorithm model leaf " PSR, MLT " have far superior to geometry phase
Like the performance of blade " FSR ".
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above.It should be appreciated that the ordinary skill of this field is without wound
The property made labour, which according to the present invention can conceive, makes many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technician in the art
Pass through the available technology of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Scheme, all should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of model leaf design method suitable for floating blower scale model basin test, which is characterized in that it is realized
Process includes the following steps:
Step S1 determines scaling factor λ according to the experimental condition in pond and performance requirement；
Step S2 designs geometric similarity blade FSR according to Fu Laode scaling law according to the blade parameter of real scale blower,
Blade as model blower；
Step S3 calculates the operating Reynolds number of the blade of the model blower, obtains Reynolds number interval, in the Reynolds number interval
It selects the superior aerofoil profile of working performance as operating Reynolds number aerofoil profile, replaces the aerofoil profile in the geometric similarity blade FSR；
Step S4 calculates the Aerodynamic of the operating Reynolds number aerofoil profile, determines that maximum lift corresponds to angle of attack *；
Step S5 passes through point of the torsional angle of the maximum lift tracing algorithm MLT each section aerofoil profile of blade for distributing the model blower
Cloth；
Step S6 determines the distribution of the chord length of each section aerofoil profile of blade of the model blower based on trial-and-error method；
Step S7, outside the structure for optimizing the blade of the model blower by the Local uniqueness to the chord length and the torsional angle
Shape obtains floating blower scale model performance similar vanes PSR.
2. it is suitable for the model leaf design method of floating blower scale model basin test as described in claim 1, it is special
Sign is that the determination of scaling factor λ described in the step S1 includes the following conditions factor:
(1) structure size in the pond, including maximum water depth, anchoring system space for its deployment, make wave energy power, make stream ability；
(2) wind making system performance, including maximum wind velocity, wind field area of effective coverage.
3. it is suitable for the model leaf design method of floating blower scale model basin test as claimed in claim 2, it is special
Sign is that the determination of scaling factor λ described in the step S1 further includes the following conditions factor:
(3) basic size of floating platform, including draft；
(4) experimentation cost.
4. it is suitable for the model leaf design method of floating blower scale model basin test as described in claim 1, it is special
Sign is, the step S2 further include:
S201: the two-dimensional shapes of each section aerofoil profile of blade of the real scale blower are determined；
S202: the chord length and torsional angle of each section aerofoil profile of the blade of the model blower are determined, is respectively as follows:
βm(μ)=βf(μ) (2)
Wherein, subscript m and subscript f respectively indicate the model blower and the real scale blower, and c indicates the chord length of aerofoil profile, β table
Show the torsional angle of aerofoil profile, μ is the section position of aerofoil profile.
5. it is suitable for the model leaf design method of floating blower scale model basin test as claimed in claim 4, it is special
Sign is that the big blade tip chord length of the blade root chord length of the blade of the model blower is short；The section torsional angle of the blade of the model blower
It is incremented by from blade tip to blade root.
6. it is suitable for the model leaf design method of floating blower scale model basin test as described in claim 1, it is special
Sign is, the selection of the operating Reynolds number aerofoil profile in the step S3 the following steps are included:
S301: the operating Reynolds number of the blade of the real scale blower is calculated:
Wherein, Re indicates Reynolds number；V0For arrives stream wind speed；ν is air movement viscosity；Λ is blower work wing tip speed ratio, is indicated
Are as follows:
Wherein, the wind wheel radius that Ω is wind speed round, R is the real scale blower；
S302: it is contracted according to Fu Laode than law, obtains the operating Reynolds number of the blade of the model blower:
Rem=λ-1.5Ref (5)
S303: according to the operating Reynolds number of the blade of the model blower, select the superior aerofoil profile of working performance as the work
Make Reynolds number aerofoil profile；
S304: replace the aerofoil profile in the performance similar vanes FSR, the leaf of the model blower with the operating Reynolds number aerofoil profile
The chord length and torsional angle in each section of piece remain unchanged.
7. it is suitable for the model leaf design method of floating blower scale model basin test as described in claim 1, it is special
Sign is, the step S4 further include:
S401: using value technical method or wind-tunnel technique, the operating Reynolds number aerofoil profile is obtained under operating Reynolds number
Basic Aerodynamic, the corresponding relationship including lift coefficient, resistance coefficient and the aerofoil profile angle of attack；
S402: the corresponding pass of the lift coefficient-angle of attack of the operating Reynolds number aerofoil profile under Fu Laode scaling factor environmental condition is drawn
System, obtains the maximum lift coefficient under operating Reynolds number and corresponds to angle of attack *.
8. it is suitable for the model leaf design method of floating blower scale model basin test as described in claim 1, it is special
Sign is, in the step S5 further include:
S501: best wing tip speed ratio Λ is obtained according to the wind energy coefficient curve of the real scale blower, as the model blower
Blade projected working point；
S502: axial inducible factor a (μ) of each aerofoil section of blade in the projected working point of the real scale blower is calculated
With tangential inducible factor b (μ)；
S503: the distribution of the torsional angle in each section of the blade of the model blower is calculated according to the formula in formula (6):
Wherein, β is blade profile torsional angle；μ is that section normalizes position；A and b is axially and tangentially inducible factor；Λ is best
Wing tip speed ratio, the Maximun power coefficient of the corresponding real scale blower；α * is that the maximum lift coefficient under operating Reynolds number is corresponding
The angle of attack.
9. it is suitable for the model leaf design method of floating blower scale model basin test as described in claim 1, it is special
Sign is, in the step S6 further include:
S601: the chord length in each section of blade of the model blower is adjusted:
cm(μ)=K (μ) cf(μ) (7)
Wherein, the chord length in each section of blade of the model blower multiplies on the basis of the chord length of the geometric similarity blade FSR
With an identical proportionality coefficient, it may be assumed that
K(μ)≡K (8)
S602: by trial-and-error method, obtaining optimal Proportional coefficient K, determines the string of each section aerofoil profile of the blade of the model blower
Long distribution.
10. it is suitable for the model leaf design method of floating blower scale model basin test as described in claim 1, it is special
Sign is, in the step S7 further include:
S701: according to floating blower scale model cabin design, the connection of the blade of cabin wheel hub and the model blower is obtained
Form and size for connection；
S702: according to the size for connection, the size of the root cylindrical region of the blade of the model blower is adjusted；
S703: establishing the leaf three-dimensional model of the model blower, and readjusted by a small margin, to advanced optimize the model wind
The construction profile of the blade of machine.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112160878A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-01-01 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Fan pond test blade and wheel hub connection structure |
| CN113742861A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-03 | 重庆大学 | Blade model optimization design method suitable for wind tunnel test of wind driven generator |
| CN114756962A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-15 | 武汉理工大学 | Ship structure nonlinear response similar distortion scaling model design method |
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