CN109599015A - The mixed model experimental provision and its experimental method of floating-type offshore wind power unit - Google Patents
The mixed model experimental provision and its experimental method of floating-type offshore wind power unit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to field of ocean engineering, a kind of the mixed model experimental provision and its experimental method of floating-type offshore wind power unit, wherein experimental method the following steps are included: (1) experimental model production, (2) setting of pneumatic Load Simulation system parameter, (3) overlap joint of pneumatic Load Simulation system and monitoring unit, (4) transmission of control instruction, the simulation of (5) wave, the feedback of (6) motion state.Effect of the high-precision simulated wind load of present invention energy to offshore floating type Wind turbines, close to time of day.Manipulation electric cylinder be can according to need to experimental model loading force to simulate different wind directions, wind speed in real time.Solving the problems, such as and Froude number high to the function and wind field quality requirements of making wind apparatus and the unmatched problem of Reynolds number similarity criterion, whole device structure is simple, and it is easy to install, it is easy to operate, securely and reliably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mixed model experimental provision of floating-type offshore wind power unit and its experimental methods, belong to ocean
Field of engineering technology.
Background technique
Wind energy on the sea is as a kind of clean renewable energy, the increasingly attention by countries in the world, when the seawater depth of water
When more than 50m, floating-type offshore wind power unit (FOWT) will have better economic feasibility.FOWT is as emerging front subject
The stormy waves environmental physics characteristic in field, coupling is extremely complex and practical construction project experience is deficient, correlation values research needs
It relies more heavily on physical experiments to be verified, and how truly to reappear maritime environment, improve FOWT model investigation
Precision, be domestic and foreign scholars' question of common concern.
Floating-type offshore wind power unit model is tested, the wind field of wave tank is generally by packaged type array fan at present
It generates, but there are two big challenges: very high to the function and wind field quality requirements of making wind apparatus in the test of one wave tank;
Secondly Froude number and Reynolds number similarity criterion mismatch.Maritime environment how is truly reappeared, floating offshore blower mould is improved
The precision of type experimental study becomes the problem that domestic and foreign scholars pay special attention to, advanced floating-type offshore wind power unit model
Experimental technique is the urgent need of China's offshore wind power development.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of the mixed of floating-type offshore wind power unit
Close bath scaled model experimental device and its experimental method.The high-precision simulated wind load of experimental provision energy is to offshore floating type Wind turbines
Effect, close to time of day.Manipulation electric cylinder be can according to need to experimental model loading force to simulate different wind directions, wind in real time
Speed.Solve the problems, such as and Froude number high to the function and wind field quality requirements of making wind apparatus and Reynolds number similarity criterion not
The problem of matching.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, solve the problems, such as it is of the existing technology, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: one
The experimental method of the mixed model experimental provision of kind floating-type offshore wind power unit, comprising the following steps:
The production of step 1, experimental model, to guarantee that experimental model and entity in strict conformity with geometric similarity condition, need
, be according to unified experimental model scaling factor in the production and simulation process of experimental model, experimental model is in ocean engineering pond
It when middle test, need to convert to these scale parameters and configuration design size, be described by formula (1),
In formula, hmBe experimental model test when the depth of water, HmBe experimental model test when wave height, λmTo test mould
Wavelength, h of the type in testsFor the afloat practical depth of water of entity, HsFor the afloat practical wave height of entity, λsExist for entity
Marine actual wavelength;
The setting of step 2, pneumatic Load Simulation system parameter carries out floating Wind turbines in pneumatic Load Simulation system
The setting of wind direction, wind speed parameter suffered by blade under actual working state;
The overlap joint of step 3, pneumatic Load Simulation system and monitoring unit, by pneumatic Load Simulation system and monitoring unit into
The effective overlap joint of row, convenient for monitoring the working condition of floating blower in real time, so as to adjust the parameter in pneumatic Load Simulation system,
And then the working condition in more preferable simulation Practical Project;
The transmission of step 4, control instruction sends control instruction, manipulation to servo-driver by motion control computer
The movement of electric cylinder drives traction rope, and then fan blade is made to generate movement;
The simulation of step 5, wave, the simulation of simulation and irregular wave including regular wave, wherein the simulation of regular wave is thought
Road includes following sub-step:
(a) according to the upper frequency limit of wave maker energy generation rule wave, i.e., short-period shortwave and lower-frequency limit, i.e. long period
Long wave, be equidistantly divided into the frequencies that 10-12 makes wave within this range;
(b) each frequency regular wave period and wavelength accordingly are calculated;
(c) according to the ratio between suitable wave height and wavelength, the wave height of each frequency regular wave accordingly is determined;
(d) the rocker period of motion and the amplitude corresponding to each frequency are determined to the control system of wave maker;
(e) wave frequency rate is made to 10-12 in pond and simulate corresponding regular wave one by one, i.e., need to simulate 10-12 in total
It is a rule wave, and with wave height recorder measurement institute's analog rule wave when go through curve;
The simulation thinking of irregular wave includes following sub-step:
(a) according to given condition, appliance computer controls program, generates the time series of wave maker control signal, with
The amplitude and frequency of this control wave paddle, to generate irregular wave in pond;
(b) data of irregular wave in pond measures in duration of test runs using wave height recorder, after progress spectrum analysis just
The wave spectrum simulated answers the time of Correction and Control signal if the wave spectrum of simulation and given target wave spectrum difference are larger
Sequence makes wave again;
(c) iterated revision composed is using given target spectrum as driving for the first time in the simulation process of irregular wave
Spectrum generates driving signal, the actual measurement wave spectrum of the irregular wave thus generated in pond, if actual measurement wave spectrum and given target
It composes variant, driving spectrum need to be modified by formula (2),
In formula, Sd1For driving spectrum, Sm1To survey wave spectrum, Sd2For revised driving spectrum, STFor target spectrum;Using amendment
S is composed in driving afterwardsd2Driving signal is generated, second of simulation irregular water wave in pond, the actual measurement wave spectrum that measurement analysis obtains
It is Sm2If Sm2It can satisfy target spectrum STRequirement, just complete the simulation work of specified criteria irregular water wave, otherwise want
Again it corrects, irregular water wave is simulated in pond again, repeatedly iterated revision, until satisfaction;
Step 6, the feedback of motion state, floating blower model are transmitted the information of movement by way of code device signal
To servo-driver, next, code device signal is passed to encoder interfaces by servo-driver, encoder interfaces pass through ISA
Bus is connected with motion control computer, so that the information for enabling blower to move sends computer to, to realize that blower moves
The effective Feedback of information.
Experimental provision in the experimental method, including steerable system part and experimental model part, the steerable system
Part, including pneumatic Load Simulation system, monitoring unit, motion control computer, encoder interfaces and servo-driver, it is described
Pneumatic Load Simulation system is connected with monitoring unit, is connected between monitoring unit and motion control computer by Ethernet, transports
Be connected between dynamic control computer and encoder interfaces by isa bus, the servo-driver also respectively with motion control meter
Calculation machine, encoder interfaces and experimental model part are connected;Control signal is sent to servo-driver by motion control computer, is watched
Experimental model part can be controlled by servo-drive by taking driver, meanwhile, experimental model part can pass through code device signal
Servo-driver feeds back to encoder interfaces, is ultimately passed to pneumatic Load Simulation system, realizes pneumatic Load Simulation system and reality
Test the information transmitting between model part;The experimental model part, including pond and the blower being placed in pond, pond inside
First, second, third and fourth electric cylinder and first, second, third and fourth, five, six pulley road groups are installed on the boss of edge, described first
Electric cylinder is connect by first pulley road group and draught line with fan blade terminal A, and the first electric cylinder also passes through second pulley road
Group and draught line are connect with fan blade endpoint C, when the first electronic cylinder working, drive the first and second coupled pulley road
Group work, transmits the force to coupled fan blade, and then by draught line to simulate the thrust of wind;Described second is electronic
Cylinder is connect by third pulley road group and draught line with fan blade endpoint D, the second electric cylinder also pass through the 4th pulley road group and
Draught line is connect with fan blade terminal B, when the second electronic cylinder working, drives third and fourth coupled pulley road group work
Make, coupled fan blade is transmitted the force to by draught line, and then carry out the restoring force of simulates blower fan;The third is electronic
Cylinder is connect by the 5th pulley road group and draught line with fan blade terminal B, and the 4th electric cylinder passes through the 6th pulley road group
And draught line is connect with fan blade endpoint D, when third electric cylinder and four electronic cylinder workings, is driven respectively coupled
5th pulley road group and the work of the 6th pulley road group, coupled fan blade are transmitted the force to by draught line, and then come
The torque of simulates blower fan, the servo-driver are connected with the first, second, third and fourth electric cylinder respectively.
The medicine have the advantages that the mixed model experimental provision and its experimental method of a kind of floating-type offshore wind power unit,
Wherein experimental method the following steps are included: (1) experimental model production, the setting of (2) pneumatic Load Simulation system parameter, (3)
The overlap joint of pneumatic Load Simulation system and monitoring unit, the transmission of (4) control instruction, the simulation of (5) wave, (6) motion state
Feedback.Compared with existing technology, effect of the high-precision simulated wind load of present invention energy to offshore floating type Wind turbines, patch
Nearly time of day.Manipulation electric cylinder be can according to need to experimental model loading force to simulate different wind directions, wind speed in real time.It solves
It is to the problem and Froude number and Reynolds number similarity criterion that the function and wind field quality requirements of making wind apparatus are high unmatched
Problem, whole device structure is simple, easy to install, easy to operate, securely and reliably.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method for the present invention flow chart of steps.
Fig. 2 is schematic structural view of the invention.
In figure: 1, blower, 1a, fan blade, 2, pond, 2a, the first electric cylinder, 2b, the second electric cylinder, 2c, third electricity
Dynamic cylinder, 2d, the 4th electric cylinder, 2e, first pulley road group, 2f, second pulley road group, 2g, third pulley road group, 2h, the 4th are slided
Take turns road group, 2i, the 5th pulley road group, 2j, the 6th pulley road group.
Fig. 3 is four electric cylinders and servo-driver connection signal block diagram in experimental provision of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of experimental method of the mixed model experimental provision of floating-type offshore wind power unit, including following step
It is rapid:
The production of step 1, experimental model, to guarantee that experimental model and entity in strict conformity with geometric similarity condition, need
, be according to unified experimental model scaling factor in the production and simulation process of experimental model, experimental model is in ocean engineering pond
It when middle test, need to convert to these scale parameters and configuration design size, be described by formula (1),
In formula, hmBe experimental model test when the depth of water, HmBe experimental model test when wave height, λmTo test mould
Wavelength, h of the type in testsFor the afloat practical depth of water of entity, HsFor the afloat practical wave height of entity, λsExist for entity
Marine actual wavelength;
The setting of step 2, pneumatic Load Simulation system parameter carries out floating Wind turbines in pneumatic Load Simulation system
The setting of wind direction, wind speed parameter suffered by blade under actual working state;
The overlap joint of step 3, pneumatic Load Simulation system and monitoring unit, by pneumatic Load Simulation system and monitoring unit into
The effective overlap joint of row, convenient for monitoring the working condition of floating blower in real time, so as to adjust the parameter in pneumatic Load Simulation system,
And then the working condition in more preferable simulation Practical Project;
The transmission of step 4, control instruction sends control instruction, manipulation to servo-driver by motion control computer
The movement of electric cylinder drives traction rope, and then fan blade is made to generate movement;
The simulation of step 5, wave, the simulation of simulation and irregular wave including regular wave, wherein the simulation of regular wave is thought
Road includes following sub-step:
(a) according to the upper frequency limit of wave maker energy generation rule wave, i.e., short-period shortwave and lower-frequency limit, i.e. long period
Long wave, be equidistantly divided into the frequencies that 10-12 makes wave within this range;
(b) each frequency regular wave period and wavelength accordingly are calculated;
(c) according to the ratio between suitable wave height and wavelength, the wave height of each frequency regular wave accordingly is determined;
(d) the rocker period of motion and the amplitude corresponding to each frequency are determined to the control system of wave maker;
(e) wave frequency rate is made to 10-12 in pond and simulate corresponding regular wave one by one, i.e., need to simulate 10-12 in total
It is a rule wave, and with wave height recorder measurement institute's analog rule wave when go through curve;
The simulation thinking of irregular wave includes following sub-step:
(a) according to given condition, appliance computer controls program, generates the time series of wave maker control signal, with
The amplitude and frequency of this control wave paddle, to generate irregular wave in pond;
(b) data of irregular wave in pond measures in duration of test runs using wave height recorder, after progress spectrum analysis just
The wave spectrum simulated answers the time of Correction and Control signal if the wave spectrum of simulation and given target wave spectrum difference are larger
Sequence makes wave again;
(c) iterated revision composed is using given target spectrum as driving for the first time in the simulation process of irregular wave
Spectrum generates driving signal, the actual measurement wave spectrum of the irregular wave thus generated in pond, if actual measurement wave spectrum and given target
It composes variant, driving spectrum need to be modified by formula (2),
In formula, Sd1For driving spectrum, Sm1To survey wave spectrum, Sd2For revised driving spectrum, STFor target spectrum;Using amendment
S is composed in driving afterwardsd2Driving signal is generated, second of simulation irregular water wave in pond, the actual measurement wave spectrum that measurement analysis obtains
It is Sm2If Sm2It can satisfy target spectrum STRequirement, just complete the simulation work of specified criteria irregular water wave, otherwise want
Again it corrects, irregular water wave is simulated in pond again, repeatedly iterated revision, until satisfaction;
Step 6, the feedback of motion state, floating blower model are transmitted the information of movement by way of code device signal
To servo-driver, next, code device signal is passed to encoder interfaces by servo-driver, encoder interfaces pass through ISA
Bus is connected with motion control computer, so that the information for enabling blower to move sends computer to, to realize that blower moves
The effective Feedback of information.
As shown in Figure 2,3, a kind of mixed model experimental provision of floating-type offshore wind power unit, including steerable system part and
Experimental model part, the steerable system part, including pneumatic Load Simulation system, monitoring unit, motion control computer, volume
Code device interface and servo-driver, the pneumatic Load Simulation system are connected with monitoring unit, monitoring unit and motion control meter
It is connected between calculation machine by Ethernet, is connected between motion control computer and encoder interfaces by isa bus, the servo
Driver is also connected with motion control computer, encoder interfaces and experimental model part respectively;By motion control computer pair
Servo-driver sends command signal, and servo-driver can control experimental model part by servo-drive, meanwhile, test mould
Code device signal can be fed back to encoder interfaces by servo-driver by type part, be ultimately passed to pneumatic Load Simulation system,
Realize the information transmitting between pneumatic Load Simulation system and experimental model part;The experimental model part, including pond 2 and
The blower 1 being placed in pond 2, be equipped on 2 inside edge boss of pond first, second, third and fourth electric cylinder 2a, 2b, 2c,
The pulley of 2d and first, second, third and fourth, five, six road group 2e, 2f, 2g, 2h, 2i, 2j, the first electric cylinder 2a pass through first pulley
Road group 2e and draught line are connect with fan blade 1a terminal A, and the first electric cylinder 2a also passes through second pulley road group 2f and draught line
It is connect with fan blade 1a endpoint C, when the first electric cylinder 2a work, drives the first and second coupled pulley road group 2e, 2f
Work, is transmitted the force on coupled fan blade 1a by draught line, and then to simulate the thrust of wind;Second electricity
Dynamic cylinder 2b is connect by third pulley road group 2g and draught line with fan blade 1a endpoint D, and the second electric cylinder 2b also passes through the 4th
Pulley road group 2h and draught line are connect with fan blade 1a terminal B, when the second electric cylinder 2b work, drive coupled the
Three, four pulley road groups 2g, 2h work, and are transmitted the force on coupled fan blade 1a by draught line, and then to simulate
The restoring force of blower 1;The third electric cylinder 2c is connected by the 5th pulley road group 2i and draught line and fan blade 1a terminal B
It connects, the 4th electric cylinder 2d is connect by the 6th pulley road group 2j and draught line with fan blade 1a endpoint D, when third is electronic
When cylinder 2c and the 4th electric cylinder 2d works, coupled the 5th pulley road group 2i and the 6th pulley road group 2j work are driven respectively
Make, coupled fan blade 1a is transmitted the force to by draught line, and then carry out the torque of simulates blower fan 1, the servo is driven
Dynamic device is connected with first, second, third and fourth electric cylinder 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d respectively.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of experimental method of the mixed model experimental provision of floating-type offshore wind power unit, it is characterised in that including following step
It is rapid:
The production of step 1, experimental model, to guarantee that experimental model and entity in strict conformity with geometric similarity condition, need testing
, be according to unified experimental model scaling factor in the production and simulation process of model, experimental model is in the pilot scale of ocean engineering pond
It when testing, need to convert to these scale parameters and configuration design size, be described by formula (1),
In formula, hmBe experimental model test when the depth of water, HmBe experimental model test when wave height, λmExist for experimental model
Wavelength, h when testsFor the afloat practical depth of water of entity, HsFor the afloat practical wave height of entity, λsAt sea for entity
Actual wavelength;
It is practical to carry out floating Wind turbines in pneumatic Load Simulation system for the setting of step 2, pneumatic Load Simulation system parameter
The setting of wind direction, wind speed parameter suffered by blade under working condition;
The overlap joint of step 3, pneumatic Load Simulation system and monitoring unit has pneumatic Load Simulation system with monitoring unit
The overlap joint of effect, convenient for monitoring the working condition of floating blower in real time, so as to adjust the parameter in pneumatic Load Simulation system, in turn
Working condition in more preferable simulation Practical Project;
The transmission of step 4, control instruction sends control instruction to servo-driver by motion control computer, manipulates electronic
The movement of cylinder drives traction rope, and then fan blade is made to generate movement;
The simulation of step 5, wave, the simulation of simulation and irregular wave including regular wave, wherein the simulation thinking packet of regular wave
Include following sub-step:
(a) according to the upper frequency limit of wave maker energy generation rule wave, i.e., short-period shortwave and lower-frequency limit, i.e., macrocyclic length
Wave is equidistantly divided into the 10-12 frequencies for making wave within this range;
(b) each frequency regular wave period and wavelength accordingly are calculated;
(c) according to the ratio between suitable wave height and wavelength, the wave height of each frequency regular wave accordingly is determined;
(d) the rocker period of motion and the amplitude corresponding to each frequency are determined to the control system of wave maker;
(e) wave frequency rate is made to 10-12 in pond and simulate corresponding regular wave one by one, i.e., need to simulate 10-12 rule in total
Then wave, and with wave height recorder measurement institute's analog rule wave when go through curve;
The simulation thinking of irregular wave includes following sub-step:
(a) according to given condition, appliance computer controls program, generates the time series of wave maker control signal, is controlled with this
The amplitude and frequency of wave paddle processed, to generate irregular wave in pond;
(b) data for being measured irregular wave in pond in duration of test runs using wave height recorder, are just obtained after carrying out spectrum analysis
The wave spectrum of simulation answers the time series of Correction and Control signal if the wave spectrum of simulation and given target wave spectrum difference are larger,
Again wave is made;
(c) iterated revision composed is using given target spectrum as driving spectrum life for the first time in the simulation process of irregular wave
At driving signal, the actual measurement wave spectrum of the irregular wave thus generated in pond, if actual measurement wave spectrum has with given target spectrum
Difference need to be modified driving spectrum by formula (2),
In formula, Sd1For driving spectrum, Sm1To survey wave spectrum, Sd2For revised driving spectrum, STFor target spectrum;
S is composed using revised drivingd2Driving signal is generated, second of simulation irregular water wave, measurement are analyzed in pond
To actual measurement wave spectrum be Sm2If Sm2It can satisfy target spectrum STRequirement, just complete the mould of specified criteria irregular water wave
Quasi- work, otherwise will correct, simulate irregular water wave in pond again, repeatedly iterated revision, again until satisfaction is
Only;
Step 6, the feedback of motion state, floating blower model, which is passed to the information of movement by way of code device signal, to be watched
Driver is taken, next, code device signal is passed to encoder interfaces card by servo-driver, encoder interfaces card passes through ISA
Bus is connected with motion control computer, so that the information for enabling blower to move sends computer to, to realize that blower moves
The effective Feedback of information.
2. the experimental provision in experimental method according to claim 1, including steerable system part and experimental model part,
It is characterized in that: the steerable system part, including pneumatic Load Simulation system, monitoring unit, motion control computer, encoder
Interface and servo-driver, the pneumatic Load Simulation system are connected with monitoring unit, monitoring unit and motion control computer
Between by Ethernet be connected, be connected between motion control computer and encoder interfaces by isa bus, the servo-drive
Device is also connected with motion control computer, encoder interfaces and experimental model part respectively;By motion control computer to servo
Driver sends control signal, and servo-driver can control experimental model part by servo-drive, meanwhile, experimental model portion
Code device signal is fed back to encoder interfaces by servo-driver by branch, is ultimately passed to pneumatic Load Simulation system, is realized
Information between pneumatic Load Simulation system and experimental model part is transmitted;The experimental model part, including pond and be placed in
Blower in pond, be equipped on the boss of edge on the inside of pond the first, second, third and fourth electric cylinder and first, second, third and fourth,
Five, six pulley road group, first electric cylinder are connect by first pulley road group and draught line with fan blade terminal A, and first
Electric cylinder also passes through second pulley road group and draught line and connect with fan blade endpoint C, when the first electronic cylinder working, drive with
Its connected the first and second pulley road group work transmits the force to coupled fan blade, and then by draught line to simulate
The thrust of wind;Second electric cylinder is connect by third pulley road group and draught line with fan blade endpoint D, the second electric cylinder
It is also connect by the 4th pulley road group and draught line with fan blade terminal B, when the second electronic cylinder working, is driven coupled
Third and fourth pulley road group work, coupled fan blade is transmitted the force to by draught line, and then carry out simulates blower fan
Restoring force;The third electric cylinder is connect by the 5th pulley road group and draught line with fan blade terminal B, and the described 4th is electronic
Cylinder is connect by the 6th pulley road group and draught line with fan blade endpoint D, when third electric cylinder and four electronic cylinder workings,
Coupled the 5th pulley road group and the work of the 6th pulley road group are driven respectively, are transmitted the force to by draught line coupled
Fan blade, and then carry out the torque of simulates blower fan, the servo-driver is connected with the first, second, third and fourth electric cylinder respectively.
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