CN110284877B - Underground permanent dynamic monitoring device and monitoring method - Google Patents
Underground permanent dynamic monitoring device and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110284877B CN110284877B CN201910442654.2A CN201910442654A CN110284877B CN 110284877 B CN110284877 B CN 110284877B CN 201910442654 A CN201910442654 A CN 201910442654A CN 110284877 B CN110284877 B CN 110284877B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/066—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells electrically actuated
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/14—Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
Abstract
The invention discloses an underground permanent dynamic monitoring device and a monitoring method, wherein the monitoring method comprises the following steps: comprises an upper joint, an upper sealing cylinder, a middle joint, a lower sealing cylinder and a lower joint; an upper central pipe and a flow measuring mechanism are arranged in the upper sealing cylinder, an upper sealing annulus is formed between the upper sealing cylinder and the upper central pipe, and a power generating mechanism is arranged in the upper central pipe; a lower central pipe is arranged in the lower sealing cylinder, and a lower sealing annulus is formed between the lower sealing cylinder and the lower central pipe; a valve adjusting mechanism, a monitoring unit, a battery pack, an internal pressure sensor and an external pressure sensor are arranged in the lower sealed annulus; the upper joint and the lower joint are respectively provided with an upper optical cable sealing butt joint and a lower optical cable sealing butt joint, an upper preset optical cable is arranged in the upper sealing annular space, a lower preset optical cable is arranged in the lower sealing annular space, and the monitoring unit is in two-way communication with the ground controller through the preset optical cable and the external optical cable. The invention breaks through the conventional underground data monitoring mode and realizes the long-term monitoring of the underground dynamic data and the real-time adjustment of the production state in the development and production of the oil field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of underground layered injection and production of oil fields, in particular to an underground permanent dynamic monitoring device and a monitoring method.
Background
In the development of heterogeneous oil and gas fields, the adjustment of underground layered injection and production parameters is an extremely important work, namely, the layered injection and production quantity is monitored and adjusted according to the production requirements of oil reservoir development. The conventional layered allocation technology is completed by adopting a steel wire or cable operation to open/close a downhole valve sleeve or a throwing-fishing production allocation core, and the downhole tool adopting the open/close valve sleeve layered allocation mode only has two states of opening and closing and cannot realize layered fine allocation; and the steel wire cable throwing and fishing deployment mode has the advantages that the throwing and fishing success rate is greatly influenced by well deviation, and when the well deviation is more than 60 ℃, the underground deployment tool is very difficult to butt, so that the deployment requirements of highly deviated wells and horizontal wells cannot be met.
The cable-free intelligent allocation technology can realize intelligent allocation, but the data transmission rate between the cable-free intelligent allocation technology and a wellhead monitoring device is slow, and long-term monitoring of underground layered injection and production cannot be realized due to the limitation of the service life of a battery.
The preset cable type intelligent allocation technology can realize long-term and dynamic monitoring of underground parameters, but is limited by electrical short circuit (if one underground intelligent allocation device fails to seal and liquid is fed, the whole monitoring system is short-circuited, and other intelligent allocation devices cannot work).
The invention provides a novel method for realizing underground layering allocation independent of steel wire cable operation and a matched core device, which can realize long-term dynamic monitoring and adjustment of underground layering parameters by means of an optical cable preset in a production string, and effectively solve the technical problem of layering injection-production allocation of highly deviated wells and intelligent wells.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide an underground permanent dynamic monitoring device and a monitoring method which are suitable for the field of intelligent well layered injection and production monitoring. The monitoring device is a microsystem, is connected with a ground controller by virtue of an optical cable to form a distributed control system, and realizes long-term monitoring of underground layered production data and rapid adjustment of layered production allocation and injection allocation.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention relates to an underground permanent dynamic monitoring device which comprises an upper joint, an upper sealing cylinder, an intermediate joint, a lower sealing cylinder and a lower joint which are sequentially connected from top to bottom;
an upper central pipe and a flow measuring mechanism are arranged in the upper sealing cylinder, the upper end of the upper central pipe is connected with the lower end of an upper joint, the lower end of the upper central pipe is connected with the upper end of the flow measuring mechanism, the lower end of the flow measuring mechanism is connected with the upper end of an intermediate joint, an upper sealing annulus is formed between the upper sealing cylinder and the upper central pipe, and a power generating mechanism is arranged in the upper central pipe;
a lower central tube is arranged in the lower sealing cylinder, the upper end of the lower central tube is connected with the lower end of the middle joint, the lower end of the lower central tube is connected with the upper end of the lower joint, and a lower sealing annulus is formed between the lower sealing cylinder and the lower central tube; a valve adjusting mechanism, a monitoring unit, a battery pack, an internal pressure sensor and an external pressure sensor are arranged in the lower sealed annulus, and the monitoring unit and the valve adjusting mechanism are electrically connected with the battery pack; the monitoring unit is respectively and electrically connected with the power generation mechanism, the flow measurement mechanism, the internal pressure sensor, the external pressure sensor and the valve regulation mechanism;
the upper joint and the lower joint are respectively provided with an upper optical cable sealing butt joint and a lower optical cable sealing butt joint, an upper preset optical cable is arranged in the upper sealing annulus, a lower preset optical cable is arranged in the lower sealing annulus, one end of the upper preset optical cable is connected with the upper optical cable sealing butt joint, the other end of the upper preset optical cable is connected with the monitoring unit, one end of the lower preset optical cable is connected with the lower optical cable sealing butt joint, and the other end of the lower preset optical cable is connected with the monitoring unit; the upper optical cable sealing butt joint and the lower optical cable sealing butt joint are connected with an external optical cable, and the monitoring unit is in two-way communication with the ground controller through a preset optical cable and the external optical cable.
The power generation mechanism comprises a nut, a roller bearing, a turbine roller, a magnetic rotor, a rotating bracket, a coil and a fastening screw, wherein the number of the roller bearings is two, one of the roller bearings is connected between the nut and the turbine roller, the other roller bearing is connected between the magnetic rotor and the turbine roller and is fixedly connected through the fastening screw, the roller bearing and the turbine roller are arranged in the rotating bracket, and the coil is arranged in an upper sealing ring space between an upper sealing cylinder and an upper central tube; the turbine roller drives the magnetic rotor to rotate under the action of fluid, induced electromotive force is generated in the coil, and the induced electromotive force is used for charging the battery pack after being subjected to voltage transformation and rectification by the monitoring unit.
Valve adjustment mechanism is including valve barrel, valve sleeve seat, the support that from top to bottom connects gradually, the valve barrel is provided with radial through-hole, is linked together with the intercommunicating pore of intermediate head lateral wall, be provided with the connector in the valve sleeve seat, adjustable case is connected to the connector upper end, and magnet protects a section of thick bamboo is connected to the lower extreme, adjustable case upper end is located inside the valve barrel, controls the aperture of valve barrel through-hole, set up the magnet protective sheath in the magnet protective sheath, set up magnet in the magnet protective sheath, realize the axial connection of case and magnet, the support outside sets up excitation coil, and inside establishes
The invention relates to an underground permanent dynamic monitoring device which comprises an upper joint, an upper sealing cylinder, an intermediate joint, a lower sealing cylinder and a lower joint which are sequentially connected from top to bottom;
an upper central tube and a flow measuring mechanism are arranged in the upper sealing cylinder, the upper end of the upper central tube is connected with the lower end of an upper joint, the lower end of the upper central tube is connected with the upper end of the flow measuring mechanism, the lower end of the flow measuring mechanism is connected with the upper end of a middle joint, an upper sealing annular space is formed between the upper sealing cylinder and the upper central tube, and a power generating mechanism is arranged in the upper central tube;
a lower central tube is arranged in the lower sealing cylinder, the upper end of the lower central tube is connected with the lower end of the middle joint, the lower end of the lower central tube is connected with the upper end of the lower joint, and a lower sealing annulus is formed between the lower sealing cylinder and the lower central tube; a valve adjusting mechanism, a monitoring unit, a battery pack, an internal pressure sensor and an external pressure sensor are arranged in the lower sealed annulus, and the monitoring unit and the valve adjusting mechanism are electrically connected with the battery pack; the monitoring unit is respectively and electrically connected with the power generation mechanism, the flow measurement mechanism, the internal pressure sensor, the external pressure sensor and the valve regulation mechanism;
the upper joint and the lower joint are respectively provided with an upper optical cable sealing butt joint and a lower optical cable sealing butt joint, an upper preset optical cable is arranged in the upper sealing annulus, a lower preset optical cable is arranged in the lower sealing annulus, one end of the upper preset optical cable is connected with the upper optical cable sealing joint, the other end of the upper preset optical cable is connected with the monitoring unit, one end of the lower preset optical cable is connected with the lower optical cable sealing joint, and the other end of the lower preset optical cable is connected with the monitoring unit; the upper optical cable sealing butt joint and the lower optical cable sealing butt joint are both connected with an external optical cable, and the monitoring unit is in two-way communication with the ground controller through a preset optical cable and the external optical cable.
The power generation mechanism comprises a nut, a roller bearing, a turbine roller, a magnetic rotor, a rotating bracket, a coil and a fastening screw, wherein the number of the roller bearings is two, one of the roller bearings is connected between the nut and the turbine roller, the other roller bearing is connected between the magnetic rotor and the turbine roller and is fixedly connected through the fastening screw, the roller bearing and the turbine roller are arranged in the rotating bracket, and the coil is arranged in an upper sealing ring space between an upper sealing cylinder and an upper central tube; the turbine roller drives the magnetic rotor to rotate under the action of fluid, induced electromotive force is generated in the coil, and the induced electromotive force is used for charging the battery pack after being subjected to voltage transformation and rectification by the monitoring unit.
The valve adjusting mechanism comprises a valve sleeve, a valve sleeve seat and a support which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the valve sleeve is provided with a radial through hole and communicated with a communication hole in the side wall of the middle joint, a connector is arranged in the valve sleeve seat, the upper end of the connector is connected with an adjustable valve core, the lower end of the connector is connected with a magnet protection cylinder, the upper end of the adjustable valve core is positioned in the valve sleeve and used for controlling the opening degree of the through hole of the valve sleeve, a magnet protection sleeve is arranged in the magnet protection cylinder, a magnet is arranged in the magnet protection sleeve to realize the axial connection between the valve core and the magnet, an excitation coil is arranged outside the support, an iron core is arranged inside the support, and the lower end of the iron core penetrates through the support and is provided with a fixing nut; the magnet exciting coil is connected with the monitoring unit, and the monitoring unit generates a valve opening regulating and controlling instruction to drive and control the size and direction of current in the magnet exciting coil, so that a variable magnetic field is formed to drive the adjustable valve core to move along the axial direction, and the layered overflow is regulated and controlled.
The support is provided with a photoelectric probe which is connected with a monitoring unit, and the monitoring unit detects the time of light emitted by the photoelectric probe and received by the photoelectric probe and calculates the on/off displacement of the adjustable valve core.
The pressure transmission device is characterized in that an inner pressure transmission hole and an outer pressure transmission hole are formed in the side wall of the middle joint, the inner pressure transmission hole and the outer pressure transmission hole are communicated with an inner pressure sensor and an outer pressure sensor respectively, the inner pressure sensor and the outer pressure sensor transmit pressure signals to a monitoring unit respectively, and the monitoring unit detects whether an adjustable valve core of the middle joint completely returns according to the difference value of the inner pressure and the outer pressure.
The flow measuring mechanism monitors the overflow in real time and transmits the overflow to the monitoring unit, when the overflow is not within a preset range, the monitoring unit sends a control signal to the valve adjusting mechanism, and the valve adjusting mechanism receives the control signal and adjusts the opening of the adjustable valve core to realize the control of the overflow.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention relates to an underground permanent dynamic monitoring method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Layered monitoring: the ground controller encodes and modulates layered monitoring instructions, converts the monitoring instructions into light wave coding signals, sends control instructions to the underground permanent dynamic monitoring devices arranged on each layer through external optical cables, a monitoring unit in the underground permanent dynamic monitoring devices receives the transmitted light wave coding signals and demodulates and decodes the light wave coding signals, encodes and modulates layered data acquired in real time, all the permanent dynamic monitoring devices work in a cooperative mode, feeds back the layered data to the ground controller through the external optical cables in a time sharing mode, and the ground controller demodulates and decodes the fed-back signals to complete real-time monitoring of production conditions of different underground layers
(2) Controlling in a layered manner: the ground controller encodes and modulates layered control instructions, converts the control instructions into light wave encoded signals, sends the control instructions to the underground permanent dynamic monitoring devices arranged on each layer through an external optical cable, all the underground permanent dynamic monitoring devices receive the transmitted light wave encoded signals and are demodulated and decoded by the monitoring unit, the device identification codes and the control identification codes are compared, if the identification codes are the same, the monitoring unit drives the valve regulating mechanism to act through calculation according to the set flow value in the control instructions to regulate the flow value of the current layer until the set requirements are met, encodes and modulates layered data regulated in real time, and feeds the layered data back to the ground controller through the external optical cable, and the ground controller demodulates and decodes the fed back signals to complete the real-time monitoring of layered regulation.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts the mode of combining the battery pack and the power generation mechanism to provide long-term power supply; the ground equipment and the underground permanent dynamic monitoring device are used as transmission media through optical fibers, and bidirectional communication of data and control instructions between the ground equipment and the underground permanent dynamic monitoring device is realized by adopting electric-optical and optical-electric conversion; the monitoring unit collects data of flow, temperature, pressure and valve opening in real time on one hand, transmits the data to ground equipment through an optical cable, compares the collected data of the flow with a flow set value of a control instruction on the other hand, drives a valve adjusting mechanism to act according to the difference value of the flow, and adjusts the opening of the valve until the flow meets the set requirement; in the valve opening adjusting process, the monitoring unit monitors the change and the direction of the valve opening in real time, and when the valve opening reaches the maximum value or the minimum value, the valve adjusting mechanism is stopped to act.
By adopting the optical-mechanical-electrical integrated structure, the invention can realize the real-time and long-term monitoring of the layered production parameters and can adjust the layered overflow through the internal execution mechanism according to the layered regulation and control instruction; the monitoring device is provided with a photoelectric probe, and can detect the change of the opening degree of the valve core in real time; the device can realize the detection of the opening homing of the valve core by installing the inner pressure sensor and the outer pressure sensor; the battery pack and the power generation mechanism are designed in the monitoring device, so that long-term power supply of the underground monitoring device can be ensured; the underground monitoring device realizes bidirectional data communication with the ground control equipment in an optical cable transmission mode, and has strong anti-electromagnetic interference and a remote monitoring function; the monitoring device is not limited by well deviation, has wide application range, and can solve the technical problem of long-term layered monitoring of highly deviated wells and horizontal wells.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a downhole permanent dynamic monitoring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of valve opening adjustment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the monitoring unit and the surface controller;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a power generation mechanism;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the valve adjusting mechanism.
Reference numerals: 1 an external optical cable; 2, sealing the butt joint by the optical cable; 3, upper joint; 4, an optical cable is preset at the upper part; 5, arranging a central tube; 6, a power generation mechanism; 601 a screw cap; 602 roller bearings; 603 a turbine roller; 604 a magnetic rotor; 605 rotating the support; 606 a coil; 607 fastening screws; 7, sealing the cylinder; 8 flow rate measuring means; 9 an intermediate joint; 10, a valve adjusting mechanism; 101 a valve housing; 102 an adjustable valve element; 103 valve sleeve seat; 104 a connector; 105 a magnet casing; 106 a magnet protective sleeve; 107 magnets; 108 a support; 109 an excitation coil; 1010 iron cores; 1011 securing a nut; 11 a lower central tube; 12 a monitoring unit; 13 lower sealing cylinder; 14 an internal pressure sensor; 15 an outer pressure sensor; 16 battery packs; 17 optical cables are preset at the lower part of the optical cable; 18 lower optical cable sealing butt joints; 19 a lower joint; 20 ground controller.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the downhole permanent dynamic monitoring device of the present invention is cylindrical as a whole, and includes an upper joint 3, an upper sealing cylinder 7, an intermediate joint 9, a lower sealing cylinder 13, and a lower joint 19, which are connected in sequence from top to bottom.
An upper central tube 5 and a flow measuring mechanism 8 are arranged in the upper sealing cylinder 7, the upper end of the upper central tube 5 is connected with the lower end of the upper joint 3, the lower end of the upper central tube 5 is connected with the upper end of the flow measuring mechanism 8, the lower end of the flow measuring mechanism 8 is connected with the upper end of the middle joint 9, an upper sealing annulus is formed between the upper sealing cylinder 7 and the upper central tube 5, and a power generating mechanism 6 is arranged in an overflowing channel in the upper central tube 5.
A lower central tube 11 is arranged in the lower sealing cylinder 13, the upper end of the lower central tube 11 is connected with the lower end of the middle joint 9, the lower end of the lower central tube 11 is connected with the upper end of the lower joint 19, and a lower sealing annulus is formed between the lower sealing cylinder 13 and the lower central tube 11. The lower sealed annulus is internally provided with a valve adjusting mechanism 10, a monitoring unit 12, a battery pack 16, an internal pressure sensor 14 and an external pressure sensor 15, and the monitoring unit 12 and the valve adjusting mechanism 10 are electrically connected with the battery pack 16. The monitoring unit 12 is electrically connected to the power generation mechanism 6, the flow measurement mechanism 8, the internal pressure sensor 14, the external pressure sensor 15, and the valve adjustment mechanism 10, respectively.
The upper joint 3 and the lower joint 19 are respectively provided with an upper optical cable sealing butt joint 2 and a lower optical cable sealing butt joint 18, an upper preset optical cable 4 is arranged in the upper sealing annular space, a lower preset optical cable 17 is arranged in the lower sealing annular space, one end of the upper preset optical cable 4 is connected with the upper optical cable sealing butt joint 2, the other end of the upper preset optical cable is connected with the monitoring unit 12, one end of the lower preset optical cable 17 is connected with the lower optical cable sealing butt joint 18, and the other end of the lower preset optical cable 17 is connected with the monitoring unit 12; the upper optical cable sealing butt joint 2 and the lower optical cable sealing butt joint 18 are both connected with an external optical cable 1, and the monitoring unit 12 is in two-way communication with the ground controller 20 through the preset optical cable 4 and the external optical cable 1.
The side wall of the middle joint 9 is provided with an inner pressure transmission hole and an outer pressure transmission hole, the inner pressure transmission hole and the outer pressure transmission hole are respectively communicated with an inner pressure sensor 14 and an outer pressure sensor 15, the inner pressure sensor 14 and the outer pressure sensor 15 respectively transmit pressure signals to the monitoring unit 12, and the monitoring unit 12 checks whether the adjustable valve core 102 of the middle joint 9 completely returns according to the difference value of the inner pressure and the outer pressure.
The valve adjusting mechanism 10 comprises a valve sleeve 101, a valve sleeve seat 103 and a support 108 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the valve sleeve 101 is provided with a radial through hole and communicated with a communication hole in the side wall of the intermediate joint, a connector 104 is arranged in the valve sleeve seat 103, the upper end of the connector 104 is connected with an adjustable valve core 102, the lower end of the connector is connected with a magnet protection cylinder 105, the upper end of the adjustable valve core 102 is positioned in the valve sleeve 101 to control the opening degree of the through hole of the valve sleeve 101, a magnet protection sleeve 106 is arranged in the magnet protection cylinder 105, a magnet 107 is arranged in the magnet protection sleeve 106 to realize the axial connection of the adjustable valve core 102 and the magnet 107, an excitation coil 109 is arranged outside the support 108, an iron core 1010 is arranged inside the support 108, and the lower end of the iron core 1010 penetrates through the support 108 and is provided with a fixing nut 1011; the excitation coil 109 is connected with the monitoring unit 12, and the monitoring unit 12 generates a valve opening regulating and controlling instruction to drive and control the magnitude and direction of current in the excitation coil 109, so as to form a variable magnetic field to drive the adjustable valve core 102 to move along the axial direction, and regulate and control the layered overflow.
In practical application, in order to accurately monitor the opening of the valve, a photoelectric probe is disposed on the bracket 108 of the valve adjusting mechanism 10, the photoelectric probe is connected to the monitoring unit 12, and the monitoring unit 12 detects the time of light emission and light reception of the photoelectric probe to calculate the opening/closing displacement of the adjustable valve element 102.
In practical application, in order to ensure the continuous power supply of the downhole monitoring circuit, the power generation mechanism 6 comprises a nut 601, a roller bearing 602, a turbine roller 603, a magnetic rotor 604, a rotating bracket 605, a coil 606 and a fastening screw 607, wherein the roller bearings 602 are arranged in two, one is connected between the nut 601 and the turbine roller 603, the other is connected between the magnetic rotor 604 and the turbine roller 603 and is fixed by the fastening screw 607, the roller bearing 602 and the turbine roller 603 are arranged inside the rotating bracket 605, and the coil 606 is arranged in an upper sealed annular space between the upper sealed cylinder 7 and the upper central tube 5. The turbine roller 603 rotates under fluid operation to drive the magnetic rotor 604 to generate a magnetic field, an induced electromotive force is generated in the coil 606, and the induced electromotive force is transformed and rectified by the monitoring unit 12 to charge the battery pack 16, thereby ensuring the power supply of the downhole electronic circuit.
The flow measuring mechanism 8 monitors the overflow in real time and transmits the overflow to the monitoring unit 12, when the overflow is not within a preset range, the monitoring unit 12 sends a control signal to the valve adjusting mechanism 10, and the valve adjusting mechanism 10 receives the control signal and adjusts the opening of the adjustable valve element 102, so that the overflow is controlled. Specifically, the flow measuring mechanism 8 collects the layered overflow Q1 in real time and transmits the layered overflow Q1 to the monitoring unit 12, and the monitoring unit 12 generates a control instruction by using a difference value between the layered flow value Q1 and a set value Q as a control basis to drive the adjustable valve element 102 of the valve adjusting mechanism 10 to perform forward and reverse actions, so as to adjust the layered overflow; if the layered overflow Q1 is smaller than the set value Q, the monitoring unit 12 sends a control signal to the valve adjusting mechanism 10 to drive the adjustable valve core 102 to act in the forward direction to increase the valve opening; if the stratified flow Q1 is larger than the set value Q, the adjustable valve element 102 is driven to move in the reverse direction to reduce the valve opening.
In practical application, each layer is separated by a packer, and in order to check whether the adjustable valve core 102 is completely reset and monitor formation pressure change for a long time, the internal pressure sensor 14 and the external pressure sensor 15 respectively acquire the pressure in the pipe column and the formation pressure in real time and transmit the pressure to the monitoring unit 12.
Further, in order to facilitate the regulation and control of the monitoring device by ground construction personnel and ensure the reliability of data transmission between the monitoring device and ground control equipment, the monitoring unit 12 transmits the layered flow, the pressure in the pipe column, the formation pressure and the downhole temperature collected by the monitoring device to the ground control equipment through optical cables; meanwhile, the surface controller 20 sends instructions/data to the downhole permanent dynamic monitoring device through an optical cable.
The working principle of the underground permanent dynamic monitoring device of the invention is as follows: the monitoring device is suitable for a layered injection-production pipe column with an optical cable put in advance. The packer in the downhole string needs to be a packer that can pass through the optical cable (for sand control completions, a plug-in sealing device that can pass through the external optical cable 1 is used). The cables are run in and connected one by one while the well is completed and finally connected to the surface controller 20 through external cables. When the system works, the ground controller 20 sends instructions/data to the underground monitoring device through the optical cable, the monitoring device finishes the real-time data acquisition of parameters such as the layered flow, the pressure in the pipe column, the formation pressure, the underground temperature and the like according to the received instructions/data, and sends the acquired layered data to the ground controller 20 through the optical cable.
When the seal is tested in a layered mode, the adjustable valve core 102 is closed through the valve adjusting mechanism 10, pressure values of the front end and the rear end of the adjustable valve core 102 are measured through the inner pressure sensor 14 and the outer pressure sensor 15 respectively, and then the sealing performance of the packer is judged. During layered overflow adjustment, the monitoring unit 12 collects data Q1 measured by the flow measuring mechanism 8 in real time, compares the data Q with a flow set value Q, controls the on-off action of the adjustable valve element 102 according to the difference value between Q1 and Q, and adjusts the layered overflow until a set requirement is met, allowing a certain error.
The invention relates to an underground permanent dynamic monitoring method, which comprises the following processes:
(1) Layered monitoring: the ground controller 20 encodes and modulates layered monitoring instructions, converts the monitoring instructions into light wave coding signals, sends control instructions to the underground permanent dynamic monitoring devices arranged on each layer through the external optical cables 1, a monitoring unit 12 in the underground permanent dynamic monitoring devices receives the transmitted light wave coding signals and demodulates and decodes the light wave coding signals, encodes and modulates layered data acquired in real time, all the permanent dynamic monitoring devices work cooperatively, and feeds back the signals to the ground controller 20 through the external optical cables 1 in a time sharing mode, the ground controller 20 demodulates and decodes the fed signals, and real-time monitoring of production conditions of different underground layers is completed
(2) Controlling in a layering way: the ground controller 20 encodes and modulates layered control commands, converts the control commands into light wave encoded signals, sends the control commands to the underground permanent dynamic monitoring devices arranged on each layer through the external optical cable 1, all the underground permanent dynamic monitoring devices receive the transmitted light wave encoded signals, demodulates and decodes the light wave encoded signals by the monitoring unit 12, compares the device identification codes with the control identification codes, if the identification codes are the same, the monitoring unit 12 drives the valve adjusting mechanism 10 to act through calculation according to the set flow value in the control commands to adjust the flow value of the current layer until the set requirements are met, encodes and modulates layered data regulated in a layered mode in real time, feeds the layered data back to the ground controller 20 through the external optical cable 1, and the ground controller 20 demodulates and decodes the fed back signals to complete real-time monitoring of the layered regulation.
While the present invention has been described in terms of its functions and operations, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that such embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive of the broad invention, and that this invention can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The underground permanent dynamic monitoring device is characterized by comprising an upper joint (3), an upper sealing cylinder (7), an intermediate joint (9), a lower sealing cylinder (13) and a lower joint (19) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom;
an upper central tube (5) and a flow measuring mechanism (8) are arranged in the upper sealing tube (7), the upper end of the upper central tube (5) is connected with the lower end of the upper joint (3), the lower end of the upper central tube (5) is connected with the upper end of the flow measuring mechanism (8), the lower end of the flow measuring mechanism (8) is connected with the upper end of the middle joint (9), an upper sealing annular space is formed between the upper sealing tube (7) and the upper central tube (5), and a power generating mechanism (6) is arranged in the upper central tube (5);
a lower central tube (11) is arranged in the lower sealing cylinder (13), the upper end of the lower central tube (11) is connected with the lower end of the middle joint (9), the lower end of the lower central tube (11) is connected with the upper end of the lower joint (19), and a lower sealing annulus is formed between the lower sealing cylinder (13) and the lower central tube (11); a valve adjusting mechanism (10), a monitoring unit (12), a battery pack (16), an internal pressure sensor (14) and an external pressure sensor (15) are arranged in the lower sealed annulus; the valve adjusting mechanism (10) comprises a valve sleeve (101), a valve sleeve seat (103) and a support (108) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, a connector (104) is arranged in the valve sleeve seat (103), the upper end of the connector (104) is connected with an adjustable valve core (102), a photoelectric probe is arranged on the support (108), the photoelectric probe is connected with a monitoring unit (12), the monitoring unit (12) detects the time of light emitting and receiving of the photoelectric probe, and the on/off displacement of the adjustable valve core (102) is calculated; the monitoring unit (12) and the valve adjusting mechanism (10) are electrically connected with a battery pack (16); the monitoring unit (12) is respectively and electrically connected with the power generation mechanism (6), the flow measurement mechanism (8), the internal pressure sensor (14), the external pressure sensor (15) and the valve regulation mechanism (10);
the upper joint (3) and the lower joint (19) are respectively provided with an upper optical cable sealing butt joint (2) and a lower optical cable sealing butt joint (18), an upper preset optical cable (4) is arranged in the upper sealing annulus, a lower preset optical cable (17) is arranged in the lower sealing annulus, one end of the upper preset optical cable (4) is connected with the upper optical cable sealing joint (2), the other end of the upper preset optical cable is connected with the monitoring unit (12), one end of the lower preset optical cable (17) is connected with the lower optical cable sealing joint (18), and the other end of the lower preset optical cable is connected with the monitoring unit (12); go up cable seal butt joint (2) and cable seal butt joint (18) down and all be connected with outside optical cable (1), monitoring unit (12) preset optical cable (4), outside optical cable (1) and ground controller (20) two-way communication through upper portion.
2. The downhole permanent dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the power generating mechanism (6) comprises a nut (601), a roller bearing (602), a turbine roller (603), a magnetic rotor (604), a rotating bracket (605), a coil and a fastening screw (607), the roller bearing (602) is arranged in two, one of the two is connected between the nut (601) and the turbine roller (603), the other is connected between the magnetic rotor (604) and the turbine roller (603) and is fixedly connected through the fastening screw (607), the roller bearing (602) and the turbine roller (603) are arranged inside the rotating bracket (605), and the coil is arranged in an upper sealing annular space between the upper sealing cylinder (7) and the upper central pipe (5); the turbine roller (603) drives the magnetic rotor (604) to rotate under the operation of fluid, induced electromotive force is generated in the coil, and the induced electromotive force is transformed and rectified by the monitoring unit (12) to charge the battery pack (16).
3. The downhole permanent dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the valve sleeve (101) is provided with a radial through hole communicated with a communication hole on the side wall of the intermediate joint, a connector (104) is arranged in the valve sleeve seat (103), the upper end of the connector (104) is connected with the adjustable valve core (102), the lower end of the connector is connected with the magnet protecting cylinder (105), the upper end of the adjustable valve core (102) is positioned in the valve sleeve (101) to control the opening degree of the through hole of the valve sleeve (101), a magnet protecting sleeve (106) is arranged in the magnet protecting cylinder (105), a magnet (107) is arranged in the magnet protecting sleeve (106) to realize the axial connection between the adjustable valve core (102) and the magnet (107), the magnet exciting coil (109) is arranged outside the support (108), the iron core (1010) is arranged inside, and the lower end of the iron core (1010) passes through the support (108) and is provided with a fixing nut (1011); the magnet exciting coil (109) is connected with the monitoring unit (12), the monitoring unit (12) generates a valve opening regulating and controlling instruction, the size and the direction of current in the magnet exciting coil (109) are driven and controlled, a variable magnetic field is formed to drive the adjustable valve core (102) to move along the axial direction, and the layered overflow quantity is regulated and controlled.
4. The downhole permanent dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the intermediate joint (9) is provided with an inner pressure transmitting hole and an outer pressure transmitting hole, the inner pressure transmitting hole and the outer pressure transmitting hole are respectively communicated with an inner pressure sensor (14) and an outer pressure sensor (15), the inner pressure sensor (14) and the outer pressure sensor (15) respectively transmit pressure signals to the monitoring unit (12), and the monitoring unit (12) checks whether the adjustable valve core (102) of the intermediate joint (9) is completely reset according to the difference value of the inner pressure and the outer pressure.
5. The downhole permanent dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the flow measuring mechanism (8) monitors the flow in real time and transmits the flow to the monitoring unit (12), when the flow is not within a preset range, the monitoring unit (12) sends a control signal to the valve adjusting mechanism (10), and the valve adjusting mechanism (10) receives the control signal and adjusts the opening degree of the adjustable valve core (102) to realize the control of the flow.
6. A downhole permanent dynamic monitoring method based on the downhole permanent dynamic monitoring device of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Layered monitoring: the ground controller (20) encodes and modulates layered monitoring instructions, converts the monitoring instructions into light wave encoding signals, sends control instructions to the underground permanent dynamic monitoring devices arranged on each layer through the external optical cables (1), a monitoring unit (12) in the underground permanent dynamic monitoring devices receives the transmitted light wave encoding signals and demodulates and decodes the light wave encoding signals, encodes and modulates layered data acquired in real time, all the permanent dynamic monitoring devices work cooperatively, and feeds the data back to the ground controller (20) in a time-sharing way through the external optical cables (1), and the ground controller (20) demodulates and decodes the fed-back signals to complete the real-time monitoring of the production conditions of different underground layers;
(2) Controlling in a layering way: the ground controller (20) encodes and modulates layered control instructions, converts the control instructions into light wave coded signals, sends the control instructions to the underground permanent dynamic monitoring devices arranged on each layer through the external optical cable (1), all the underground permanent dynamic monitoring devices receive the transmitted light wave coded signals, and demodulates and decodes the light wave coded signals by the monitoring unit (12), compares the device identification codes with the control identification codes, if the identification codes are the same, the monitoring unit (12) drives the valve regulating mechanism (10) to act through calculation according to the set flow value in the control instructions, regulates the flow value of the current layer until the set requirements are met, encodes and modulates layered data regulated in a layered mode in real time, feeds the layered data back to the ground controller (20) through the external optical cable (1), and the ground controller (20) demodulates and decodes the feedback signals, so that the real-time monitoring of the layered regulation is completed.
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