CN110278957A - 一种丸粒化包衣及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种丸粒化包衣及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110278957A
CN110278957A CN201910640043.9A CN201910640043A CN110278957A CN 110278957 A CN110278957 A CN 110278957A CN 201910640043 A CN201910640043 A CN 201910640043A CN 110278957 A CN110278957 A CN 110278957A
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pill pelletizing
layer
pelletizing coating
pill
coating
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冯夏
林庆胜
郭少龙
鲍晓媛
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Guangdong Kebaofeng Agricultural Co Ltd
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Guangdong Kebaofeng Agricultural Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08—Immunising seed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种丸粒化包衣及其制备方法，利用了十字花科蔬菜菜心种子的特点，结合其主要病虫害的发生情况，将杀菌剂、杀虫剂分层精确包裹于菜心种子上，菜心丸粒化包衣种子播种后，遇水会短时间内裂解，形成碗状结构，释放杀菌杀虫剂，控制病虫害，保护菜心种子的萌发及幼苗的生长。所述丸粒化包衣菜心种，由外至内依次包含光亮剂、杀虫剂层、杀菌剂层和菜心种，其含量分别为5～20％、30～60％、5～40％和15～30％。

Description

一种丸粒化包衣及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及农业领域，尤其是一种丸粒化包衣及其制备方法。
背景技术
农作物种子丸粒化包衣技术始于美国20世纪40年代，60年代传入欧洲，到80年代末在欧美等发达国家已普遍应用，而蔬菜种子经丸粒化包衣是目前生产上应用较为广泛的作物，加工处理后的种子大小一致，表面光滑，适合机械播种，可节约用种30％以上，可增产8％～20％。目前，在发达国家50％以上的蔬菜种子均经过丸粒化处理，而我国种子丸粒化技术研究起步晚，虽然近些年，我国在某些作物种子丸粒化技术研究方面已经取得了一些进展，但发展较缓慢，目前生产上应用较多的主要是番茄、生菜等，十字花科蔬菜上的种子丸粒化也只处于研发阶段，生产应用处于空白。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种丸粒化包衣及其制备方法，利用了十字花科蔬菜菜心种子的特点，结合其主要病虫害的发生情况，将杀菌剂、杀虫剂分层精确包裹于菜心种子上，菜心丸粒化包衣种子播种后，遇水会短时间内裂解，形成碗状结构，释放杀菌杀虫剂，控制病虫害，保护菜心种子的萌发及幼苗的生长。
为实现上述技术目的，本发明提供的技术方案是这样的：一种丸粒化包衣菜心种，由外至内依次包含光亮剂、杀虫剂层、杀菌剂层和菜心种，其含量分别为5～20％、30～60％、5～40％和15～30％。
所述杀虫剂由10～20％触杀性成分和80～90％内吸活性成分组成。
所述触杀性成分为鱼藤酮、除虫菊、高效氯氰菊酯等其中的一种或者两种组合。
所述内吸活性成分为三氟苯嘧啶或啶虫脒。
所述光亮剂为黄金粉。
所述杀菌剂为恶霉灵、唑醚菌酯、甲霜灵和苯霜灵中的一种或两种组合。
一种如上所述丸粒化包衣菜心种的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)挑选大小均一、外形一致的菜心种子，同一品种同一批次种子直径差异不大于0.2mm，将其放入包衣机内；
2)根据包衣种子重量依序加入相应重量的粘结剂、包衣粉、杀菌剂，包完第一层杀菌剂层后再添加第二层杀虫剂层，包完第二层杀虫剂层后加入光亮剂，即得表面光滑的球形颗粒。
所述步骤2)制得的球形颗粒直径为2～4cm。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
目前的菜心种没有丸粒化包衣，只有薄膜包衣和拌种，不能做到精细化机械播种，防虫时间短，效果不明显。本发明通过菜心种子丸粒化包衣，能将足够量的杀虫剂通过载体精确包裹到菜心种子上，而且可以控制种子与药剂的接触量，确保杀虫剂能防虫又不会伤害种苗，菜心种子丸粒化包衣后，能避免菜心苗期喷施农药2-3次，播种后两周保苗效果80％以上，节省人工，节约成本约50％，使用该技术还可以保护天敌，同时降低农药对环境的污染。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的丸粒化包衣菜心种的示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的丸粒化包衣菜心种的实物图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的丸粒化包衣菜心种对菜苗的保护对比图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
实施例1
一种丸粒化包衣菜心种，由外至内依次包含50g光亮剂、2250g杀虫剂层、1200g杀菌剂层和1000g菜心种。
杀虫剂由5g鱼藤酮、25g三氟苯嘧啶和填料组成；杀菌剂层由1g恶霉灵和填料组成。
实施例2
一种丸粒化包衣菜心种，由外至内依次包含50g光亮剂、2250g杀虫剂层、1200g杀菌剂层和1000g菜心种。
杀虫剂由3g高效氯氰菊酯和填料组成。杀菌剂由0.5g唑醚菌酯和填料组成。
实施例3
一种丸粒化包衣菜心种，由外至内依次包含50光亮剂、2250g杀虫剂层、1200g唑醚菌酯和菜心种。
杀虫剂由3g鱼藤酮和15g啶虫脒组成。杀菌剂层由0.5g唑醚菌酯和填料组成。
实施例1-3所述丸粒化包衣菜心种的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)大小均一、外形一致、精选过的菜心种子，同一品种同一批次种子直径差异不大于0.2mm,将其放入包衣机内；
2)根据包衣种子的重量依序加入相应重量的粘结剂、包衣粉和杀菌剂，包完第一层后添加第二层包衣材料，加入光亮剂，即得表面光滑的球形颗粒。
所述步骤2)制得的球形颗粒直径为2～4cm。
对比例1
将丸粒化包衣菜心种与裸种子分别进行苗期保护数据记录，分别在7d、14d进行统计对比，详见表1、2。
表1 7d数据对比表
表2 14d数据对比表
样品 总苗数 受害苗数 受害率(％)
丸粒化包衣菜心种 102 13 12.75
裸种子 189 189 100
试验例1
本试验例针对霉灵对种子发芽率的安全性测试，每个处理用100粒种子，设三次重复，在培养皿中测试。
测试结果详见表3：
表3恶霉灵对种子发芽率的安全性测试
注：本实验所用溶剂为自来水。CK为清水对照。
试验例2
本试验例针对吡唑醚菌酯对种子发芽率的安全性测试，每个处理用100粒种子，设三次重复，在培养皿中测试。
测试结果详见表4：
表4吡唑醚菌酯对种子发芽率的安全性测试
注：本实验所用溶剂为自来水。CK为清水对照。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种丸粒化包衣，其特征在于，由外至内依次包含光亮剂、杀虫剂层、杀菌剂层和菜心种，其含量分别为5～20％、30～60％、5～40％和15～30％。
2.根据权利要求1所述丸粒化包衣，其特征在于，所述杀虫剂由10～20％触杀性成分和80～90％内吸活性成分组成。
3.根据权利要求2所述丸粒化包衣，其特征在于，所述触杀性成分为鱼藤酮、除虫菊、高效氯氰菊酯等其中的一种或者两种组合。
4.根据权利要求2所述丸粒化包衣，其特征在于，所述内吸活性成分为三氟苯嘧啶或啶虫脒。
5.根据权利要求1所述丸粒化包衣，其特征在于，所述光亮剂为黄金粉。
6.根据权利要求1所述丸粒化包衣，其特征在于，所述杀菌剂为恶霉灵、唑醚菌酯、甲霜灵、苯霜灵中的一种或两种组合。
7.一种如权利要求1所述丸粒化包衣的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)挑选大小均一、外形一致的菜心种子，同一品种同一批次种子直径差异不大于0.2mm，将其放入包衣机内；
2)根据包衣种子重量依序加入相应重量的粘结剂、包衣粉、杀菌剂，包完第一层杀菌剂层后再添加第二层杀虫剂层，包完第二层杀虫剂层后加入光亮剂，即得表面光滑的球形颗粒。
8.根据权利要求7所述丸粒化包衣的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2)制得的球形颗粒直径为2～4cm。
CN201910640043.9A 2019-07-16 2019-07-16 一种丸粒化包衣及其制备方法 Pending CN110278957A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110663312A (zh) * 2019-10-18 2020-01-10 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 一种单粒播种的包衣花生及其制作方法
CN115152359A (zh) * 2019-09-16 2022-10-11 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 种子丸粒化包衣制备方法及丸粒化种子、丸粒化粉-杀虫剂-丸粒化粉包裹结构的应用

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT309137B (de) * 1971-02-10 1973-08-10 Sarea Ag Pillierte Sämereien
CN103947334A (zh) * 2014-05-14 2014-07-30 贵州大学 一种油菜种子分层丸粒化加工方法
CN106380308A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-08 甘肃省农业工程技术研究院 一种甜叶菊种子包衣剂及丸粒化包衣方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT309137B (de) * 1971-02-10 1973-08-10 Sarea Ag Pillierte Sämereien
CN103947334A (zh) * 2014-05-14 2014-07-30 贵州大学 一种油菜种子分层丸粒化加工方法
CN106380308A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-08 甘肃省农业工程技术研究院 一种甜叶菊种子包衣剂及丸粒化包衣方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115152359A (zh) * 2019-09-16 2022-10-11 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 种子丸粒化包衣制备方法及丸粒化种子、丸粒化粉-杀虫剂-丸粒化粉包裹结构的应用
CN110663312A (zh) * 2019-10-18 2020-01-10 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 一种单粒播种的包衣花生及其制作方法

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