CN110277724B - Adjustable high-repetition-frequency single-cavity double-phase-dry optical frequency comb light source - Google Patents
Adjustable high-repetition-frequency single-cavity double-phase-dry optical frequency comb light source Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an adjustable high-repetition-frequency single-cavity double-coherence optical frequency comb light source. The comb light source comprises a single-cavity double-optical comb structure, a four-port circulator, a first tunable optical filter and a second tunable optical filter, wherein the single-cavity double-optical comb structure consists of a first pump laser, a second pump laser, a first wavelength division multiplexer, a second wavelength division multiplexer, an erbium-doped optical fiber, a polarization controller, a first optical coupler, a first isolator, a second optical coupler and a second isolator; on the basis of the single-cavity double-optical comb, the four-port circulator, the first adjustable optical filter and the second adjustable optical filter are added, so that the repetition frequency of the single-cavity double-optical comb is greatly improved, the repetition frequency of the single-cavity double-optical comb is improved to be more than 10GHz from a magnitude of several 10MHz, and meanwhile, the adjustability of the repetition frequency of the single-cavity double-optical comb is improved, so that the repetition frequency of the single-cavity double-optical comb is increased to be adjustable within a GHz range from initial non-adjustability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber lasers, optical frequency combs and microwave photon channelization, in particular to an adjustable high-repetition-frequency single-cavity double-phase-coherence optical frequency comb light source.
Background
The microwave photon signal processing technology based on the double-optical frequency comb overcomes the defects of narrow frequency band and low frequency resolution of the photon technology in the traditional electronic technology, realizes the organic fusion of the electronic technology and the photon technology, and is one of the current microwave photonics research hotspots.
A dual coherent optical frequency comb is two phase locked optical frequency combs with a certain difference in free spectral range. In 2012, Xie et al demonstrated a microwave photon channelized system based on a dual-optical frequency comb, and realized channelized reception of microwave signals with a bandwidth of 3.5GHz[1]。
In 2015, high-gain detection of instantaneous broadband signals was realized by Vahid et al based on a method of dual coherent optical frequency comb signal processing[2]。
In 2017, Pan et al designed a microwave photon transceiver based on a coherent optical frequency comb to overcome the limitation of the transceiving bandwidth of the electronic technology, and can realize real-time transceiving of microwave signals with large bandwidth and large dynamic range[3]。
In 2018, Esman realizes various broadband microwave signal processing functions based on adjustable coherent optical frequency comb, and shows great application prospect of double-optical comb[4]。
The above applications all employ a method of cascading phase and intensity modulators as the light source for generating the bicoherence optical frequency comb. The benefit of such an application is that a stable bicoherence optical frequency comb can be produced. However, the number of frequency comb teeth that can be produced by this method is extremely limited, on the order of tens of comb teeth. To solve this problem, Vahid et al obtain a wide optical frequency comb spectrum by using electro-optical modulation and nonlinear fiber spectral broadening. This approach still requires the use of a cascaded electro-optic modulator as a preceding stage of the spectral seed source. The cost of the electro-optical modulator and the high frequency microwave signal source for driving are high, which limits further application.
In addition to the cascaded electro-optical modulation scheme, the use of a mode-locked laser to generate an optical frequency comb is another, more common scheme. The mode-locked laser has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and wide spectrum. Double-optical comb system based on double mode-locked laser in spectral measurement[5]And precision imaging[6]The field technology is mature, and the application is wide. Meanwhile, the single-cavity double-optical-comb technology can simultaneously generate two optical frequency combs by one mode-locked fiber laser, so that the problem that two mode-locked lasers need to be respectively built is avoided, the system structure is further simplified, the frequency difference is very stable, and the system performance can be further improved by using the mode-locked fiber laser[7]。
Therefore, if the single-cavity double-optical comb technology in the mode-locked fiber laser is adopted to replace the electro-optical modulation technology to be used as a signal light source of the microwave photonic system, the system volume, the complexity and the cost can be greatly reduced. With the development of electronic technologies such as high-speed communication and radar, the bandwidth of microwave signals to be processed is in the GHz order. The repetition frequency of the double optical frequency comb required for processing the broadband microwave signal is above 10GHz, the frequency difference of the double optical frequency comb is in the GHz order, and the frequency difference needs to be adjustable in the GHz order. However, the repetition frequency of the current light source based on the single-cavity double-optical-frequency comb technology is only in the magnitude of 10MHz, and the frequency difference of the double-optical-frequency comb is in the magnitude of Hz-KHz, which is far from the requirement for microwave signal processing.
The references cited above are as follows:
【1】Xie,Xiaojun,et al."Broadband photonic RF channelization based on coherent optical frequency combs and I/Q demodulators."IEEE Photonics Journal 4.4(2012):1196-1202.
【2】Ataie,Vahid,et al."Subnoise detection of a fast random event."Science 350.6266(2015):1343-1346.
【3】 Panzelong, dongzhong aegius, zhudan, a microwave photon transceiver based on coherent optical frequency comb, china, CN201710287741.6.
【4】Esman,Daniel.Tunable Optical Frequency Comb Assisted Radio Frequency Receiver.Diss.UC San Diego,2017.
【5】Okubo,Sho,et al."Ultra-broadband dual-comb spectroscopy across 1.0–1.9μm."Applied Physics Express 8.8(2015):082402.
【6】Wang,Chao,et al."Line-scan spectrum-encoded imaging by dual-comb interferometry."Optics letters 43.7(2018):1606-1609.
【7】Olson,J.,et al."Bi-Directional Mode-Locked Thulium Fiber Laser as a Single-Cavity Dual-Comb Source."IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 30.20(2018):1772-1775.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that a single-cavity double-optical frequency comb based on an optical fiber mode-locked laser is low in repetition frequency, small in frequency difference and insufficient in frequency adjustability and cannot be applied to microwave photon double-optical comb signal processing, the invention provides a single-cavity double-coherence optical frequency comb light source with adjustable high repetition frequency, and meanwhile, the size, cost and complexity of a microwave photon signal processing system are reduced.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides an adjustable high-repetition-frequency single-cavity dual-coherence optical frequency comb light source which comprises a first pump laser, a second pump laser, a first wavelength division multiplexer, a second wavelength division multiplexer, an erbium-doped optical fiber, a polarization controller, a first optical coupler, a first isolator, a four-port circulator, a first tunable optical filter, a second optical coupler and a second isolator, wherein the first pump laser, the second pump laser, the first wavelength division multiplexer, the second wavelength division multiplexer, the erbium-doped optical fiber, the polarization controller, the first optical coupler, the first isolator, the four-port circulator and the;
the first pump laser is connected with the erbium-doped fiber through a first wavelength division multiplexer;
the first wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the first optical coupler through the polarization controller;
one port of the first optical coupler is output outwards through the first isolator, and the other port of the first optical coupler is connected with the first port of the four-port circulator;
the second port of the four-port circulator is connected with a first tunable optical filter;
the second pump laser is connected with the erbium-doped optical fiber through a second wavelength division multiplexer;
the second wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the second optical coupler;
one port of the second optical coupler is output outwards through the second isolator, and the other port of the second optical coupler is connected with the third port of the four-port circulator;
the fourth port of the four-port circulator is connected with a second tunable optical filter;
the first tunable optical filter and the second tunable optical filter are the same and are respectively used for generating an optical frequency comb with a periodic frequency spectrum interval.
Further, the first tunable optical filter comprises a third optical coupler, a first tunable optical delayer, a fourth optical coupler, a first saturable absorber mirror and a first optical fiber;
the input end of a third optical coupler is connected with the second port of the four-port circulator, the output ends of the third optical coupler are two, one output end of the third optical coupler is connected with the input end of a fourth optical coupler through a first adjustable light delayer, the output end of the other end of the third optical coupler is connected with the input end of the fourth optical coupler through a first optical fiber, and the output end of the fourth optical coupler is connected with a first saturable absorber reflector;
the second tunable optical filter comprises a fifth optical coupler, a second tunable optical delayer, a sixth optical coupler, a second saturable absorber reflector and a second optical fiber;
the input end of the fifth optical coupler is connected with the fourth port of the four-port circulator, the output ends of the fifth optical coupler are two, one output end of the fifth optical coupler is connected with the input end of the sixth optical coupler through the second adjustable light delayer, the output end of the other end of the fifth optical coupler is connected with the input end of the sixth optical coupler through the second optical fiber, and the output end of the sixth optical coupler is connected with the second saturable absorber reflector.
Further, the calculation formula of the optical frequency comb FSR with the periodic spectrum interval generated by the first tunable optical filter and the second tunable optical filter is as follows:
wherein c is the speed of light;
and the delta L is the optical path difference between the first adjustable optical delayer and the first optical fiber or the optical path difference between the second adjustable optical delayer and the second optical fiber.
Further, the splitting ratio of the first optical coupler and the second optical coupler is 10: 90.
Further, the splitting ratio of the third optical coupler and the fifth optical coupler are both 50: 50.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. on the basis of the single-cavity double-optical comb, the four-port circulator, the first tunable optical filter and the second tunable optical filter are added, so that the repetition frequency of the single-cavity double-optical comb is greatly increased, and the repetition frequency is increased from the magnitude of several 10MHz to more than 10 GHz.
2. The invention improves the adjustability of the repetition frequency of the single-cavity double-optical comb by using the first adjustable optical delayer and the second adjustable optical delayer in the first adjustable optical filter and the second adjustable optical filter, so that the repetition frequency of the single-cavity double-optical comb is adjustable within a GHz range from the initial non-adjustability.
3. The frequency difference of the double optical combs can be adjusted by independently adjusting the first tunable optical filter and the second tunable optical filter.
4. The invention realizes the promotion of the repetition frequency and the frequency difference of the single-cavity double-optical comb and the adjustability of the frequency difference, so that the requirements for microwave photon signal processing are met, the volume, the cost and the complexity of the system can be obviously reduced by replacing the prior system electro-optical modulator, and the spectrum range of a light source is promoted.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical single cavity dual optical comb.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tunable high repetition frequency single-cavity dual-coherence optical frequency comb light source structure.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
since the single-cavity double-optical comb technology is the core of the present invention, the structural principle of the typical single-cavity double-optical comb technology is explained here. A common single-cavity dual-light comb structure is shown in figure 1. Laser light emitted from the pump light lasers (LD1 and LD2) is fed into an erbium-doped fiber (EDF) via wavelength division multiplexers (WDM1 and WDM2), and broad spectrum fluorescence is generated, which is transmitted clockwise and counterclockwise along the fiber as seed light. The Saturable Absorber (SA) performs nonlinear adjustment on different spectral intensities, and the laser can work in a mode locking state by adjusting a Polarization Controller (PC) to generate multi-wavelength output. The equivalent optical paths of the clockwise light and the anticlockwise light are different due to the sagnac effect, so that the repetition frequencies of the clockwise light and the anticlockwise light are different, and the light in different transmission directions can be respectively output from two ports by using an Optical Coupler (OC) and an isolator (ISO1 and ISO2), so that the laser light with two different repetition frequencies can be obtained. Because the two laser transmission paths are highly overlapped, the repetition frequency of the two laser transmission paths can synchronously change under the influence of the external environment, but the frequency difference can be kept relatively stable.
Based on the above description of the structure and working principle of the typical single-cavity dual-optical comb, the following describes in detail the structure and working principle of the tunable high-repetition-frequency single-cavity dual-phase coherent optical frequency comb light source disclosed by the present invention:
as shown in fig. 2, a structure of a tunable high repetition frequency single-cavity dual-phase coherent optical frequency comb light source includes: a first pump laser LD1, a second pump laser LD2, a first wavelength division multiplexer WDM1, a second wavelength division multiplexer WDM2, an erbium-doped fiber EDF, a polarization controller PC, a first optical coupler OC1, a first isolator ISO1, a four-port Circulator (i.e., a Circulator in the figure, hereinafter collectively referred to as a four-port Circulator), a first tunable optical filter, a second optical coupler OC2, and a second isolator ISO 2;
the first tunable optical filter and the second tunable optical filter have the same structure and are respectively used for generating an optical frequency comb with a periodic frequency spectrum interval.
In this example, an implementation structure of the first tunable optical filter and the second tunable optical filter is given, but the present invention is not limited to this structure as long as other structures can produce the optical frequency comb with the periodic spectrum interval.
The first tunable optical filter comprises a third optical coupler OC3, a first tunable optical delayer OTDL1, a fourth optical coupler OC4, a first saturable absorber mirror SAM1, and a first optical fiber;
the second tunable optical filter comprises a fifth optical coupler OC5, a second tunable optical delayer OTDL2, a sixth optical coupler OC6, a second saturable absorber mirror SAM2, and a second optical fiber;
the first pump laser LD1 is connected with the erbium-doped fiber EDF through a first wavelength division multiplexer WDM 1;
the first wavelength division multiplexer WDM1 is connected with the first optical coupler OC1 through a polarization controller PC;
the split ratio of the first optical coupler OC1 is 10:90, one port of the first optical coupler is output outwards through the first isolator ISO1, and the other port of the first optical coupler is connected with the first port of the four-port circulator;
the second port of the four-port circulator is connected with the input end of a third optical coupler OC3, the output end of the third optical coupler OC3 is two (the splitting ratio is 50:50), one output end is connected with the input end of a fourth optical coupler OC4 through a first adjustable optical delayer OTDL1, the output end of the other end is connected with the input end of the fourth optical coupler OC4 through a first optical fiber, and the output end of the fourth optical coupler OC4 is connected with a first saturable absorber mirror SAM 1;
the second pump laser LD2 is connected with the erbium-doped fiber EDF through a second wavelength division multiplexer WDM 2;
the second wavelength division multiplexer WDM2 is connected with a second optical coupler OC 2;
the split ratio of the second optical coupler OC2 is 10:90, one port of the second optical coupler OC2 is output outwards through a second isolator ISO2, and the other port of the second optical coupler OC2 is connected with a third port of the four-port circulator;
the fourth port of the four-port circulator is connected with a fifth optical coupler OC5, the output end of the fifth optical coupler OC5 is two (the splitting ratio is 50:50), one output end of the fifth optical coupler OC5 is connected with the input end of a sixth optical coupler OC6 through a second tunable optical delayer OTDL2, the output end of the other end of the fifth optical coupler OC5 is connected with the input end of the sixth optical coupler OC6 through a second optical fiber, and the output end of the sixth optical coupler OC6 is connected with a second saturable absorber mirror SAM 1.
The working principle of the device is explained as follows:
the first pump laser LD1 and the second pump laser LD2 generate two beams of about 0.4W,980nm pump laser is synchronously fed into the erbium-doped fiber EDF through the 980/1550nm first wavelength division multiplexer WDM1 and the 980/1550nm second wavelength division multiplexer WDM2, and the two pump lasers can increase pump power and simultaneously ensure the consistency of the bidirectional transmission laser intensity.
The pump light passes through an erbium-doped fiber EDF to form broad spectrum fluorescence with the wavelength of 1530nm to 1610 nm. The broad spectrum fluorescence is transmitted in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions, respectively. To further illustrate the difference between the clockwise loop and the counterclockwise loop, the following describes the two directions of operation of the mode-locked laser.
Clockwise, with the first optical coupler OC1 as a starting point, the laser signal in the optical fiber is transmitted to the first port and the second port (1, 2 in the figure) of the four-port circulator through the polarization controller PC, then passes through the third optical coupler OC3, the first tunable optical filter composed of the first tunable optical delayer OTDL1 and the fourth optical coupler OC4, reaches the first saturable absorber mirror SAM1, is reflected and filtered again through the first tunable optical filter, then passes through the second port and the third port (2, 3 in the figure) of the four-port circulator, and passes through the second optical coupler OC2, the second wavelength division multiplexer WDM2, the erbium-doped fiber EDF, the first wavelength division multiplexer WDM1, the polarization controller PC returns to the first optical coupler OC1, and the other part passes through the first isolator ISO1 and is output.
In the counterclockwise direction, with the second optical coupler OC2 as a starting point, the laser signal in the optical fiber is transmitted to the third port and the fourth port (3, 4 in the figure) of the four-port circulator, then filtered by the second tunable optical filter composed of the fifth optical coupler OC5, the second tunable optical delay OTDL2 and the sixth optical coupler OC6, and after reaching the second saturable absorber mirror SAM2, reflected and filtered again by the second tunable optical filter, and then output after passing through the fourth port and the first port (4, 1 in the figure) of the four-port circulator, the first optical coupler OC1, the polarization controller PC, the first wavelength division multiplexer WDM1, the erbium-doped fiber EDF, the second wavelength division multiplexer WDM2 and returning to the second optical coupler OC2, and the other part of the WDM optical coupler is output after passing through the second isolator ISO 2.
It should be added that:
for the light transmitted clockwise, the light is input through the first port of the four-port circulator, is output from the second port, and is divided into two paths with the same intensity through the third optical coupler OC 3. One of the two paths is connected with a fourth optical coupler OC4 through a first tunable optical delayer OTDL1, and the other path is directly connected with a fourth optical coupler OC 4. The third optical coupler OC3 and the fourth optical coupler OC4 form a tunable mach-zehnder interferometer for periodically filtering the passing spectrum. The filtering period is determined by the optical path difference of the upper arm and the lower arm of the filter. The frequency difference of each transmission peak of the filter, namely the repetition frequency of the optical frequency comb, generates an optical frequency comb FSR with a periodic frequency spectrum interval by the following calculation formula:
wherein c is the speed of light; Δ L is the optical path difference between the upper and lower arms of the hertzian interferometer (i.e., the optical path difference between the first tunable optical delay and the first optical fiber). Therefore, the purpose of adjusting the repetition frequency of the optical frequency comb can be achieved by adjusting the length of the first adjustable optical delayer. The light output from the fourth optical coupler OC4 is nonlinearly absorbed in spectral intensity by the first saturable absorber mirror SAM 1. The strongest the light intensity at the mach-zehnder interferometer transmission peak, the weaker the absorption of the first saturable absorber mirror SAM 1. The weaker the light intensity at the transmission peak of the non-mach-zehnder interferometer, the stronger the nonlinear absorption effect of first saturable absorber mirror SAM1, further reducing the Q value of the unwanted optical frequencies. The light reflected from the first saturable absorber mirror SAM1 is filtered again through the mach-zehnder interferometer consisting of the fourth optical coupler OC4, the third optical coupler OC3 and the first tuneable optical delay OTDL 1. And the light transmitted clockwise after secondary filtering is input from the second port of the four-port circulator to the third port and is output. Amplified by the erbium-doped fiber EDF after passing through a second optical coupler OC2 and a second wavelength division multiplexer WMD 2. The clockwise transmitted light then cycles through the process, allowing the laser to establish mode locking by adjusting the polarization controller PC. The optical frequency comb of the desired repetition frequency can be obtained by adjusting the first tunable optical delay OTDL 1. The laser light transmitted clockwise is output through a first optical coupler OC1 and a first isolator ISO1, and an optical frequency comb with the repetition frequency of FSR1 is obtained.
For counterclockwise transmitted light, the transmission direction is opposite to clockwise, and thus is separated from clockwise transmitted light at the four-port circulator. Which is input through the third port and output through the fourth port of the four-port circulator. The periodic frequency difference of the transmission peaks of the second Mach-Zehnder interferometer formed by the fifth optical coupler OC5 and the sixth optical coupler OC6 is FSR 2. The same spectrum as the clockwise transmitted light is periodically filtered by the second mach-zehnder interferometer with the first saturable absorber mirror SAM 2. The reflected light is fed from the fourth port of the four-port circulator via the second mach-zehnder interferometer and output from the first port. Thereafter, the light transmitted counterclockwise is fed again into the erbium-doped fiber EDF through the first optical coupler OC1 and the first wavelength division multiplexer WDM1 to be amplified. The process is circularly carried out, and the final mode is stably established. The laser light transmitted counterclockwise is output through a second optical coupler OC2 and a second isolator ISO2, and an optical frequency comb with the repetition frequency of FSR2 is obtained.
Thus, the repetition frequency and the repetition frequency difference of the two optical frequency combs can be changed by adjusting the lengths of the first tunable optical delayer OTDL1 and the second tunable optical delayer OTDL 2. For example: when Δ L1 is 15mm and Δ L2 is 14.29mm, two optical frequency comb repetition frequencies FSR1 is 20GHz and FSR2 is 21GHz are obtained. The difference in repetition frequency is 1 GHz.
In summary, the tunable high-repetition-frequency single-cavity dual-coherence optical frequency comb light source provided by the invention overcomes the defect that the repetition frequency and the frequency difference of the single-cavity dual-optical comb technology are not tunable, so that the repetition frequency and the frequency difference are remarkably improved. The requirements of microwave photon double-optical comb signal processing on a light source are met, the size, cost and complexity of the system can be obviously reduced, and the spectral range of the light source is improved.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an adjustable high repetition frequency single chamber double phase dry optical frequency comb light source which characterized in that:
the optical fiber polarization controller comprises a first pump laser, a second pump laser, a first wavelength division multiplexer, a second wavelength division multiplexer, an erbium-doped optical fiber, a polarization controller, a first optical coupler, a first isolator, a four-port circulator, a first tunable optical filter, a second optical coupler and a second isolator;
the first pump laser is connected with the erbium-doped fiber through a first wavelength division multiplexer;
the first wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the first optical coupler through the polarization controller;
one port of the first optical coupler is output outwards through the first isolator, and the other port of the first optical coupler is connected with the first port of the four-port circulator;
the second port of the four-port circulator is connected with a first tunable optical filter;
the second pump laser is connected with the erbium-doped optical fiber through a second wavelength division multiplexer;
the second wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the second optical coupler;
one port of the second optical coupler is output outwards through the second isolator, and the other port of the second optical coupler is connected with the third port of the four-port circulator;
the fourth port of the four-port circulator is connected with a second tunable optical filter;
the first tunable optical filter and the second tunable optical filter are the same and are respectively used for generating an optical frequency comb with a periodic frequency spectrum interval;
the first tunable optical filter comprises a third optical coupler, a first tunable optical delayer, a fourth optical coupler, a first saturable absorber reflector and a first optical fiber;
the input end of a third optical coupler is connected with the second port of the four-port circulator, the output ends of the third optical coupler are two, one output end of the third optical coupler is connected with the input end of a fourth optical coupler through a first adjustable light delayer, the output end of the other end of the third optical coupler is connected with the input end of the fourth optical coupler through a first optical fiber, and the output end of the fourth optical coupler is connected with a first saturable absorber reflector;
the second tunable optical filter comprises a fifth optical coupler, a second tunable optical delayer, a sixth optical coupler, a second and absorber mirror and a second optical fiber;
the input end of the fifth optical coupler is connected with the fourth port of the four-port circulator, the output ends of the fifth optical coupler are two, one output end of the fifth optical coupler is connected with the input end of the sixth optical coupler through the second adjustable light delayer, the output end of the other end of the fifth optical coupler is connected with the input end of the sixth optical coupler through the second optical fiber, and the output end of the sixth optical coupler is connected with the second saturable absorber reflector.
2. The tunable high repetition frequency single-cavity dual-coherence optical frequency comb light source of claim 1, wherein: the calculation formula of the optical frequency comb FSR with the periodic spectrum interval generated by the first tunable optical filter and the second tunable optical filter is as follows:
wherein c is the speed of light;
and the delta L is the optical path difference between the first adjustable optical delayer and the first optical fiber or the optical path difference between the second adjustable optical delayer and the second optical fiber.
3. The tunable high repetition frequency single-cavity dual-coherence optical frequency comb light source of claim 2, wherein: the splitting ratio of the first optical coupler and the second optical coupler is 10: 90.
4. The tunable high repetition frequency single-cavity dual-coherence optical frequency comb light source of claim 3, wherein: the splitting ratio of the third optical coupler and the fifth optical coupler is 50: 50.
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CN114268007A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-01 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | Bidirectional mode-locked fiber laser for generating double optical combs |
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