CN110277560B - Current collector and preparation method thereof, electrode plate and preparation method thereof, and lead-acid battery - Google Patents
Current collector and preparation method thereof, electrode plate and preparation method thereof, and lead-acid battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN110277560B CN110277560B CN201910578866.3A CN201910578866A CN110277560B CN 110277560 B CN110277560 B CN 110277560B CN 201910578866 A CN201910578866 A CN 201910578866A CN 110277560 B CN110277560 B CN 110277560B
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M4/14—Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
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- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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- H01M4/68—Selection of materials for use in lead-acid accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
A current collector made of a fiber reinforced carbon aerogel composite; the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material is a high-conductivity porous carbon material and comprises carbon aerogel and fibers, and the fibers are filled in the carbon aerogel. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the current collector, an electrode plate, a preparation method of the electrode plate and a lead-acid battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of current collectors and lead storage batteries, in particular to a current collector, a preparation method of the current collector, an electrode plate, a preparation method of the electrode plate and a lead-acid battery.
Background
The lead-acid battery has a large market share in the secondary battery market, is one of main power sources of the electric vehicle, and has the advantages of large use temperature range, high safety, high cost performance and the like. Because of the high atomic number and high density of lead, lead has obvious disadvantages in specific energy compared with the emerging lithium ion batteries. Thus, the market share of lead-acid batteries in mobile applications is gradually being eaten by lithium ion batteries. In the prior lead-acid battery technology, high-density lead alloy is often used as a grid, and positive and negative active materials cannot completely react in the electrochemical charging and discharging process, so that the lead-acid battery has low specific energy and short cycle life.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a current collector with high specific energy density and long cycle life, a method for preparing the current collector, an electrode sheet, a method for preparing the electrode sheet, and a lead-acid battery.
A current collector made of a fiber reinforced carbon aerogel composite; the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material is a high-conductivity porous carbon material and comprises carbon aerogel and fibers, and the fibers are filled in the carbon aerogel.
Further, the fibers are chopped carbon fibers.
Further, the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material further comprises an artificial pore template, and the artificial pore template is filled in the carbon aerogel.
Further, the artificial pore template is foam plastic and/or a hollow film.
Further, in the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material, the volume percentage of the carbon aerogel is 80-85%, the volume percentage of the fiber is 10%, and the volume percentage of the artificial pore template is 5-10%.
A method of preparing a current collector as described above, comprising the steps of: preparing a precursor solution, wherein the precursor solution is a polymerizable aqueous polymer precursor solution; adding fibers into the precursor solution and uniformly dispersing the fibers in the precursor solution; heating the precursor solution to carry out in-situ polymerization reaction to obtain hydrogel; the fibers are filled in the hydrogel; drying the hydrogel to obtain an organogel with an ideal network structure; and heating and carbonizing the organogel in an oxygen-free environment to obtain the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material.
Further, before the step of heating the precursor solution to cause in-situ polymerization reaction to obtain a hydrogel, the method further comprises the following steps: and adding an artificial pore template into the precursor solution, uniformly dispersing the artificial pore template in the precursor solution, and filling the artificial pore template into the hydrogel.
Further, before the step of "adding fibers into the precursor solution", the method further comprises the steps of: chopping and surface treating the fibers.
Further, the surface treatment adopts at least one of plasma discharge, surface coupling, surface grafting and surface oxidation methods.
Further, the carbon aerogel is prepared by carrying out in-situ polymerization reaction on resorcinol and formaldehyde, wherein in the in-situ polymerization reaction process, the reaction temperature is 70-90 ℃, and the reaction time is 48-78 hours.
Further, before or after the step of "heat carbonizing the organogel", the method further comprises the steps of: and carrying out shape processing on the organic gel or the fiber reinforced carbon aerogel composite material.
An electrode sheet comprising a current collector as described above and an electrode active material loaded in pores of the current collector.
Further, the electrode active material is a nanoscale electrode active material; when the electrode plate is a negative electrode plate, the electrode active material is a negative electrode active material which is elemental lead; when the electrode sheet is a positive electrode sheet, the electrode active material is a positive electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material is lead dioxide.
Further, the electrode plate also comprises an insulating passivation layer to reduce the reaction speed of the side reaction of the electrode plate; the insulating passivation layer is formed on a portion of the electrode sheet not carrying the electrode active material.
A manufacturing method of an electrode plate comprises the following steps: the current collector is used as a grid carrier, and the grid carrier is a high-conductivity porous material; and loading an electrode active material in the pores of the grid carrier.
Further, the step of loading electrode active material in the pores of the grid carrier is followed by the step of: and insulating and passivating the electrode plate, wherein an insulating passivation layer is formed on the surface of the electrode plate, which is not loaded with the electrode active material.
Further, the electrode active material is a nanoscale electrode active material, and the nanoscale electrode active material is loaded in the pores of the grid carrier through a dipping-curing process.
A lead-acid battery comprises a separation film and electrolyte, and further comprises a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate, wherein the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate and the separation film are located in the electrolyte, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are separated through the separation film, and the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are connected through metal and/or conductive materials to form a circuit.
Furthermore, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate respectively comprise an insulating passivation layer so as to reduce the reaction speed of side reaction of the electrode plates; the insulating passivation layer is formed on portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet not carrying the positive electrode active material or the negative electrode active material.
According to the invention, the carbon aerogel and the fibers are combined to prepare the porous fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material, and the porous fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material is used for preparing the current collector, 1) the porosity of the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material can greatly reduce the density of the grid current collector, so that the specific energy density is improved; 2) in the process of charging and discharging, electrochemical reaction occurs on the surface of pores in the current collector, so that the electrochemical reaction participates in the reaction of the battery; in addition, the nanometer electrode active material is adopted as the electrode active material, the nanometer active material in the pores has small granularity and large surface area, and can bring higher rate performance and utilization efficiency, thereby prolonging the cycle life of the lead-acid battery; 3) the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material also comprises an artificial pore-forming template, wherein the artificial pore-forming template is filled in the carbon aerogel and can be used for manufacturing macro pores with large pore diameters in the carbon aerogel, so that the porosity of the carbon aerogel can be further enriched, the density of a grid current collector can be further reduced, the specific energy density can be improved, and the cycle life can be prolonged.
Detailed Description
In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description will be made on the current collector, the method for preparing the current collector, the electrode sheet, the method for preparing the electrode sheet, and the specific implementation, structure, features and effects of the lead storage battery provided by the present invention in combination with the preferred implementation modes.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an electrode sheet including a current collector and an electrode active material supported on the current collector.
The current collector is made of a fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material, the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material is a porous material, and the electrode active material is loaded in pores of the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material.
The fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material comprises carbon aerogel and fibers, wherein a large number of pores are formed in the carbon aerogel, and the fibers are filled in the carbon aerogel.
In the embodiment, the carbon aerogel is a high-conductivity porous material prepared by in-situ polymerization reaction of resorcinol and formaldehyde.
Wherein the fibers are used for increasing the flexibility and the processability of the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material.
The fibers may be, but are not limited to, inorganic fibers such as carbon fibers, ceramic fibers, and glass fibers, synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, and polyacrylonitrile fibers, regenerated fibers, polymer fibers, mixed fibers, and mineral fibers such as chrysotile and chrysotile.
Preferably, the fibers are carbon fibers.
Preferably, the carbon fibers are chopped carbon fibers. In this embodiment, the chopped carbon fibers have a length of between 3 millimeters and 4 centimeters.
The carbon fibers and the carbon aerogel are combined, so that a good conductive network structure can be established in the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material, and the volume shrinkage in the drying and carbonizing process in the preparation method of the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material can be limited, so that the structural strength of the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material is enhanced.
The fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material further comprises an artificial pore template, and the artificial pore template is filled in the carbon aerogel. The artificial pore template is used for forming macroscopic pores with large pore diameters in the carbon aerogel, so that the porosity of the carbon aerogel is further improved.
In the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material, the volume percentage of the carbon aerogel is 80-85%, the volume percentage of the fiber is 10%, and the volume percentage of the artificial pore template is 5-10%.
The artificial pore template can be, but is not limited to, a foam and/or a hollow film.
Preferably, the artificial pore template is small-ball foam plastic.
Preferably, the electrode active material is a nanoscale electrode active material.
When the electrode plate is a negative electrode plate, the electrode active material is a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material is elemental lead.
When the electrode plate is a positive electrode plate, the electrode active material is a positive electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material is lead dioxide.
The electrode sheet further includes an insulating passivation layer to reduce a reaction rate of reducing a side reaction of the electrode sheet. The insulating passivation layer is formed on a portion of the electrode sheet not carrying the electrode active material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the current collector, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing a precursor solution, wherein the precursor solution is a polymerizable aqueous polymer precursor solution.
And secondly, adding fibers into the precursor solution and uniformly dispersing the fibers in the precursor solution.
And thirdly, heating the precursor solution to carry out in-situ polymerization reaction to obtain the hydrogel. The fibers are filled within the hydrogel.
And fourthly, drying the hydrogel to obtain the organogel with an ideal network structure.
And fifthly, heating and carbonizing the organic gel in an oxygen-free environment to obtain the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material.
Wherein the fibers are used for increasing the flexibility and the processability of the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material.
Wherein, before the step of the second step, the method further comprises the steps of: chopping and surface treating the fibers.
Wherein the fibers are chopped for the purpose of: facilitating dispersion of the fibers in the precursor solution. In the present embodiment, the carbon fibers are chopped carbon fibers. Preferably, the chopped carbon fibers have a length of between 3 millimeters and 4 centimeters.
The surface treatment is generally carried out by a physical method such as plasma discharge or a chemical method using an aqueous solution system. Among them, the treatment time of the plasma discharge is preferably 0.1 to 5 seconds. Surface treatments using chemical methods include, but are not limited to, surface coupling, surface grafting, surface oxidation, and the like.
Wherein, before the step of the third step, the method further comprises the steps of: and adding an artificial pore template into the precursor solution, uniformly dispersing the artificial pore template in the precursor solution, and filling the artificial pore template into the hydrogel.
The artificial pore template is used for forming macroscopic pores with large pore diameters in the carbon aerogel, so that the porosity of the carbon aerogel is further improved.
Wherein, before the step of the fourth step, the method further comprises the steps of: the hydrogel is soaked in an organic solution (e.g., acetone) such that the acetone completely replaces the moisture in the hydrogel to yield an organogel. Wherein, the water in the hydrogel is replaced by acetone, and when the hydrogel is dried, the risk of capillary shrinkage of the hydrogel can be reduced, so that the hydrogel is prevented from changing in shape and even cracking.
Wherein before or after the step of the fifth step, the method further comprises the steps of: and carrying out shape processing on the aerogel or the fiber reinforced carbon aerogel composite material.
Wherein the carbon aerogel is prepared by in-situ polymerization reaction of resorcinol and formaldehyde. In the in-situ polymerization reaction process, the reaction temperature is 70-90 ℃, and the reaction time is 48-78 hours. The strength and the conductive strength of the carbon aerogel are enhanced through more sufficient polymerization reaction. That is, the precursor solution includes resorcinol, formaldehyde, a solvent, and a catalyst. In this embodiment, the solvent is deionized water and the catalyst is a small amount of sodium carbonate.
Wherein the density of the fiber reinforced carbon aerogel is 0.5g/cm3～1.0g/cm3The average pore diameter is 1-3 nm, and the specific surface area is 500m2/g～1500m2/g。
The invention also provides a preparation method of the electrode slice, which comprises the following steps:
in the first step, the current collector is used as a grid carrier, and the grid carrier is made of a highly conductive porous material.
And secondly, loading electrode active materials in the pores of the grid carrier.
When the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material (carbon material) is added into a lead-acid battery, certain side reactions can occur at the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive electrode exhibits an oxygen evolution reaction or carbon oxidation, and the negative electrode exhibits a hydrogen evolution reaction. Both side reactions have a proportional effect on the coulombic efficiency of the cell, necessitating a reduction in the extent of the side reactions. Therefore, the step of loading nanoscale electrode active material in the pores of the grid carrier is followed by the step of: and insulating and passivating the electrode plate, wherein an insulating passivation layer is formed on the surface of the electrode plate, which is not loaded with the nano-scale electrode active material, so that the degree of side reaction is reduced.
Preferably, the electrode active material is a nanoscale electrode active material.
When the electrode plate is a negative electrode plate, the electrode active material is elemental lead, and when the electrode plate is a positive electrode plate, the electrode active material is lead dioxide.
Preferably, the pores of the grid support are loaded with nanoscale electrode active material by a dip-cure process.
Wherein, when the electrode sheet is a positive electrode sheet, the 'dipping-curing process' comprises the following steps:
in a first step, a grid carrier is immersed in a lead salt solution.
And secondly, solidifying the lead through a chemical or electrochemical process, so as to load the nanoscale solid lead on the grid carrier.
And thirdly, taking out the grid carrier, drying, and coating an insulating passivation layer on the part which is not covered with the solid lead.
And fourthly, oxidizing the lead monoxide in the solid lead into lead dioxide through a formation process.
In the dipping-curing process of the positive electrode plate, the solid lead comprises lead monoxide, basic lead sulfate, lead dioxide and the like.
Wherein, when the electrode plate is a negative electrode plate, the 'dipping-curing process' comprises the following steps:
firstly, immersing a grid carrier in a lead salt solution;
secondly, solidifying the lead through a chemical or electrochemical process, thereby forming nano-scale solid lead on the grid carrier;
thirdly, taking out the grid carrier, drying, and coating an insulating passivation layer on the part which is not covered with the solid lead; and
fourthly, reducing the lead monoxide in the solid lead into simple substance lead through a formation process.
In the dipping-curing process of the negative electrode plate, the solid lead comprises lead monoxide, lead sulfate, lead, an inorganic expanding agent, an organic expanding agent, an antioxidant and the like.
The invention also provides a lead-acid battery, which comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, an isolating membrane and electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate and the isolating membrane are all positioned in the electrolyte, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are separated by the isolating membrane, and the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are connected through metal and/or conductive materials to form a circuit.
The positive electrode sheet comprises a current collector and a positive electrode active material loaded on the current collector. The negative electrode plate comprises a current collector and a negative electrode active material loaded on the current collector.
The current collector is made of a fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material, the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material is a porous material, and the electrode active material is loaded in pores of the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material.
The fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material comprises carbon aerogel and fibers, wherein a large number of pores are formed in the carbon aerogel, and the fibers are filled in the carbon aerogel.
The fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material further comprises an artificial pore template, and the artificial pore template is filled in the carbon aerogel.
Preferably, the negative electrode active material is a nanoscale negative electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material is a nanoscale negative electrode active material. The negative electrode active material is elemental lead, and the positive electrode active material is lead dioxide.
The positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate respectively comprise an insulating passivation layer so as to reduce the reaction speed of side reaction of the electrode plates. The insulating passivation layer is formed on a portion of the positive electrode sheet or the negative electrode sheet not carrying the positive electrode active material or the negative electrode active material.
The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples and comparative examples.
Example 1 preparation of fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel
Resorcinol and formaldehyde dissolved in water were mixed in a molar ratio of 1:2 in a 3 liter rectangular parallelepiped vessel, the ratio of phenol formaldehyde to water being 1: 8, adding sodium carbonate solution containing resorcinol 1/1000. Stirring for 30 minutes to mix them evenly. 30 g of carbon fibers with a length of 5 mm are added, and the carbon fibers are uniformly dispersed by stirring and ultrasonic dispersion. The vessel was sealed and placed in an environment at 85 ℃ for 4 days to obtain a hydrogel. Drying at 60 deg.C for 24 hr under normal pressure to obtain organogel. Machining and cutting into a grid shape. Carbonizing at 800 deg.C for 2 hr in oxygen-free environment. Thus obtaining the fiber reinforced carbon aerogel.
Example 2 preparation of fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel
Resorcinol and formaldehyde dissolved in water were mixed in a molar ratio of 1:2 in a 3 liter rectangular parallelepiped vessel, the ratio of phenol formaldehyde to water being 1: 9, adding sodium carbonate solution containing resorcinol 1/800. Stirring for 30 minutes to mix them evenly. Adding 40 g of polyacrylonitrile fiber with the length of 4 mm and 1 g of sodium benzenesulfonate, and uniformly dispersing the polyacrylonitrile fiber by stirring and ultrasonic dispersion. The vessel was sealed and placed in an environment of 85 ℃ for 3 days to obtain a hydrogel. Drying at 60 deg.C for 24 hr under normal pressure to obtain organogel. Machining and cutting into a grid shape. Carbonizing at 800 deg.C for 2 hr in oxygen-free environment. Thus obtaining the carbon aerogel reinforced by the carbon fiber.
Example 3 preparation of fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel with macropores
Resorcinol and formaldehyde dissolved in water were mixed in a molar ratio of 1:2 in a 2 liter rectangular parallelepiped vessel, the ratio of phenol formaldehyde to water being 1: 9, adding sodium carbonate solution containing resorcinol 1/800. Stirring for 30 minutes to mix them evenly. 30 g of polyacrylonitrile fiber with the length of 4 mm is added, and the polyacrylonitrile fiber is uniformly dispersed through stirring and ultrasonic dispersion. Adding foam plastic pellets with the volume of about 1 liter and the particle size of 1 mm, sealing the container, and filling the container with the pellets to avoid the reduction of the uniformity of the system caused by the influence of buoyancy. Placing the mixture in an environment at 85 ℃ for 3.5 days to obtain the hydrogel. Drying at 60 deg.C for 24 hr under normal pressure to obtain organogel. Machining and cutting into a grid shape. Carbonizing at 800 deg.C for 2 hr in oxygen-free environment. Thus obtaining the fiber reinforced carbon aerogel with macropores.
Example 4 preparation of electrode sheet using fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel having large pores as current collector
The fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel with macropores obtained in example 3 was used as a grid (current collector), a negative paste (negative active material) was directly coated on the grid, metallic lead was used as a lead of the grid, and a negative electrode sheet was prepared and formed by a common lead-acid battery method. The electrode plate can be used as a positive electrode plate or a negative electrode plate and can be controlled by formation.
Example 5 preparation of an electrode with fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel as the current collector
The fiber reinforced carbon aerogel described in example 2 was used as a grid, and the grid carrier was immersed in a saturated solution of lead acetate for 30 minutes, during which time a vacuum was drawn to remove air bubbles. Taking out the grid, and drying for 10 hours at 60 ℃. And dipping and drying once again. And then, carrying out heat treatment at 400 ℃ for 30 minutes under the protection of nitrogen to obtain the lead oxide-supported aerogel, and forming. The electrode plate can be used as a positive electrode plate or a negative electrode plate and can be controlled by formation.
EXAMPLE 6 preparation of lead-acid Battery for Circuit connection Using conductive Polymer Material
The two-component epoxy resin filled with the conductive material was mixed and then the electrode sheets (positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet) produced in example 5 or 6 were connected by a dispenser to form a circuit, and the electrode sheets and the separator were placed in an electrolyte to obtain a practical lead-acid battery.
According to the invention, the carbon aerogel and the fibers are combined to prepare the porous fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material, and the porous fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material is used for preparing the current collector, 1) the porosity of the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material can greatly reduce the density of the grid current collector, so that the specific energy density is improved; 2) in the process of charging and discharging, electrochemical reaction occurs on the surface of pores in the current collector, so that the electrochemical reaction participates in the reaction of the battery; in addition, the nanometer electrode active material is adopted as the electrode active material, the nanometer active material in the pores has small granularity and large surface area, and can bring higher rate performance and utilization efficiency, thereby prolonging the cycle life of the lead-acid battery; 3) the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material is directly used as a current collector, so that carbon can be prevented from being crushed, the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material and the excellent conductivity of the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material are ensured, and after the active material in the electrode piece is consumed, the highly conductive fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material can be used as a current path, so that the cycle life of the lead-acid battery is further prolonged; 4) the fiber is combined with the carbon aerogel, so that a good conductive network structure can be established in the fiber reinforced carbon aerogel composite material, and the volume shrinkage of the fiber reinforced carbon aerogel composite material in the drying and carbonization processes can be limited, so that the structural strength of the fiber reinforced carbon aerogel composite material can be enhanced; 5) the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material further comprises an artificial pore-forming template, wherein the artificial pore-forming template is filled in the carbon aerogel and can be used for manufacturing macro pores with large pore diameters in the carbon aerogel, so that the pore size distribution of the carbon aerogel can be further enriched.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (19)
1. A current collector, wherein the current collector is made of a fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite; the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material is a high-conductivity porous carbon material and comprises carbon aerogel and fibers, and the fibers are filled in the carbon aerogel.
2. The current collector of claim 1, wherein the fibers are chopped carbon fibers.
3. The current collector of claim 1, wherein the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite further comprises an artificial pore template filled within the carbon aerogel.
4. The current collector of claim 3, wherein the artificial pore template is a foam and/or a hollow film.
5. The current collector of claim 3, wherein in the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite, the carbon aerogel is 80-85% by volume, the fibers are 10% by volume, and the pore-forming template is 5-10% by volume.
6. A method of preparing a current collector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
preparing a precursor solution, wherein the precursor solution is a polymerizable aqueous polymer precursor solution;
adding fibers into the precursor solution and uniformly dispersing the fibers in the precursor solution;
heating the precursor solution to carry out in-situ polymerization reaction to obtain hydrogel; the fibers are filled in the hydrogel;
drying the hydrogel to obtain an organogel with an ideal network structure; and
and heating and carbonizing the organogel in an oxygen-free environment to obtain the fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel composite material.
7. The method of preparing a current collector of claim 6, further comprising, before the step of heating the precursor solution to cause in situ polymerization to obtain a hydrogel, the steps of:
and adding an artificial pore template into the precursor solution, uniformly dispersing the artificial pore template in the precursor solution, and filling the artificial pore template into the hydrogel.
8. The method for preparing a current collector of claim 6, further comprising, before the step of "adding fibers into the precursor solution", the steps of:
chopping and surface treating the fibers.
9. The method of preparing the current collector of claim 8, wherein the surface treatment is at least one of plasma discharge, surface coupling, surface grafting, and surface oxidation.
10. The method for preparing the current collector of claim 6, wherein the carbon aerogel is prepared by in-situ polymerization of resorcinol and formaldehyde, and during the in-situ polymerization, the reaction temperature is 70-90 ℃ and the reaction time is 48-78 hours.
11. The method for preparing a current collector of claim 6, further comprising, before or after the step of "thermally carbonizing the organogel", the steps of:
and carrying out shape processing on the organic gel or the fiber reinforced carbon aerogel composite material.
12. An electrode sheet, characterized in that the electrode sheet comprises a current collector according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and an electrode active material loaded in pores of the current collector.
13. The electrode sheet of claim 12, wherein the electrode active material is a nanoscale electrode active material; when the electrode plate is a negative electrode plate, the electrode active material is a negative electrode active material which is elemental lead; when the electrode sheet is a positive electrode sheet, the electrode active material is a positive electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material is lead dioxide.
14. The electrode pad of claim 13, further comprising an insulating passivation layer to reduce a reaction rate of a side reaction of the electrode pad; the insulating passivation layer is formed on a portion of the electrode sheet not loaded with the nanoscale electrode active material.
15. A manufacturing method of an electrode plate comprises the following steps:
using the current collector of any of claims 1-5 as a grid carrier, the grid carrier being a highly conductive porous material; and
and loading an electrode active material in the pores of the grid carrier.
16. The method of making an electrode sheet of claim 15, further comprising, after the step of loading the electrode active material in the pores of the grid carrier, the steps of: and insulating and passivating the electrode plate, wherein an insulating passivation layer is formed on the surface of the electrode plate, which is not loaded with the electrode active material.
17. The method for manufacturing an electrode sheet according to claim 15, wherein the nanoscale electrode active material is loaded in the pores of the grid carrier by a dip-cure process.
18. A lead-acid battery, comprising a separator and an electrolyte, wherein the lead-acid battery further comprises the electrode sheet of claim 13, the electrode sheet is a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator are all located in the electrolyte, the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are separated by the separator, and the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are connected by a metal and/or a conductive material to form a circuit.
19. The lead-acid battery of claim 18, wherein the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet each further comprise an insulating passivation layer to reduce a reaction rate of a side reaction of the electrode sheets; the insulating passivation layer is formed on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet at the positions where the positive electrode active material or the negative electrode active material is not loaded.
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| CN111682218B (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2021-10-29 | 超威电源集团有限公司 | Enhanced carbon-containing material current collector and preparation method thereof |
| CN115966702B (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2023-11-28 | 扬州纳力新材料科技有限公司 | Lightweight safe composite positive current collector |
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