CN110276797A - A method for extracting lake area - Google Patents

A method for extracting lake area Download PDF

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CN110276797A
CN110276797A CN201910584480.3A CN201910584480A CN110276797A CN 110276797 A CN110276797 A CN 110276797A CN 201910584480 A CN201910584480 A CN 201910584480A CN 110276797 A CN110276797 A CN 110276797A
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lake
area
file
lake area
raster
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CN110276797B (en
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任黎
周悦
阴帅妮
徐伟
徐健
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Hohai University HHU
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
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    • G06T7/62Analysis of geometric attributes of area, perimeter, diameter or volume
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10032Satellite or aerial image; Remote sensing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30181Earth observation

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种湖泊面积提取方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:采用FROM‑GLC数据集获取湖泊区TIFF遥感影像,对湖泊区TIFF遥感影像进行转换,获取湖泊面要素文件;利用湖泊面要素文件获取湖泊区raster文件;根据湖泊区raster文件导出湖泊区mask文件;根据湖泊区mask文件,批量处理长时序的湖泊区TIFF遥感影像,批量提取计算湖泊面积。本发明提供的湖泊面积提取方法,提取精度高,可批量提取计算湖泊面积,工作效率高,具有实用性和普适性。

The invention discloses a method for extracting the area of a lake. The method comprises the following steps: using a FROM-GLC data set to obtain a TIFF remote sensing image of a lake area, converting the TIFF remote sensing image of a lake area, and obtaining a lake area element file; using the lake area element The raster file of the lake area is obtained from the file; the mask file of the lake area is exported according to the raster file of the lake area; according to the mask file of the lake area, the long-sequence TIFF remote sensing images of the lake area are batch-processed, and the lake area is calculated in batches. The lake area extraction method provided by the invention has high extraction precision, can extract and calculate the lake area in batches, has high work efficiency, and has practicability and universality.

Description

一种湖泊面积提取方法A method for extracting lake area

技术领域technical field

本发明属于湖泊研究技术领域,具体涉及一种湖泊面积提取方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of lake research, and in particular relates to a method for extracting lake area.

背景技术Background technique

湖泊是气候、水和生物地球化学循环的关键组分,湖面面积的改变对环境的变化和人类生产活动都有重大的影响。湖泊面积减小,蓄水能力会变差,汛期会时常爆发洪水,旱季无水可用,会对周围生态平衡造成不良的影响,影响生物的多样性,一些物种会随之消失,而且会影响当地的气候,使得生态环境更加单调,不利于人类的生存和发展。目前,探究湖泊面积的年际变化趋势及驱动力是国内外研究的热点。对湖泊面积变化分析的准确性取决于湖泊面积提取的精度,对湖泊面积年纪变化趋势分析的高效性取决于湖泊面积的批量提取。但是现有的湖泊面积提取方法的提取精度低,效率低且实用性差。Lakes are key components of climate, water, and biogeochemical cycles, and changes in lake surface area have a major impact on environmental changes and human production activities. As the area of the lake decreases, the water storage capacity will deteriorate. Floods will often break out in the flood season, and there will be no water available in the dry season. This will have a negative impact on the surrounding ecological balance and biological diversity. Some species will disappear accordingly, and it will affect the local The climate makes the ecological environment more monotonous, which is not conducive to the survival and development of human beings. At present, exploring the interannual variation trend and driving force of lake area is a research hotspot at home and abroad. The accuracy of the analysis of lake area change depends on the accuracy of lake area extraction, and the efficiency of lake area age change trend analysis depends on the batch extraction of lake area. However, the existing lake area extraction methods have low extraction accuracy, low efficiency and poor practicability.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的不足,提供一种湖泊面积提取方法,提取精度高,可批量提取计算湖泊面积,工作效率高,具有实用性和普适性。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a lake area extraction method with high extraction accuracy, capable of batch extraction and calculation of lake area, high work efficiency, practicability and universal applicability.

本发明提供了如下的技术方案:The present invention provides following technical scheme:

一种湖泊面积提取方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:A method for extracting lake area, said method comprising the steps of:

采用FROM-GLC数据集获取湖泊区TIFF遥感影像,对湖泊区TIFF遥感影像进行转换,获取湖泊面要素文件;Use the FROM-GLC dataset to obtain TIFF remote sensing images of the lake area, convert the TIFF remote sensing images of the lake area, and obtain lake surface element files;

利用湖泊面要素文件获取湖泊区raster文件;Use the lake surface element file to obtain the raster file of the lake area;

根据湖泊区raster文件导出湖泊区mask文件;Export the mask file of the lake area according to the raster file of the lake area;

根据湖泊区mask文件,批量处理长时序的湖泊区TIFF遥感影像,批量提取计算湖泊面积。According to the mask file of the lake area, the long-sequence TIFF remote sensing images of the lake area are processed in batches, and the lake area is extracted and calculated in batches.

优选的,所述湖泊面要素文件的获取方法包括:Preferably, the acquisition method of the lake surface element file includes:

在ARCGIS10.2软件平台下,根据所述湖泊区TIFF遥感影像制作湖泊线要素shape文件,然后利用ArcToolbox工具箱中的data management tools,选择features下的feature to polygon,将所述湖泊线要素shape文件转化为湖泊面要素shape文件。Under the ARCGIS10.2 software platform, make the lake line element shape file according to the TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area, and then use the data management tools in the ArcToolbox toolbox to select feature to polygon under features, and convert the lake line element shape file to Convert it to a lake surface feature shape file.

优选的,所述湖泊区raster文件的获取方法包括:Preferably, the acquisition method of the lake area raster file comprises:

用湖泊面要素文件对原所述湖泊区TIFF遥感影像进行初步裁剪,获取初步裁剪的湖泊区raster文件;Use the lake surface element file to preliminarily crop the TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area mentioned above, and obtain the raster file of the lake area that is initially cropped;

根据湖泊区TIFF遥感影像及对应湖泊区域水域特点,通过阈值设定修正掩模文件,使初步裁剪的湖泊区raster文件逐步调整至湖泊区TIFF遥感影像的大范围之内,获取最终裁剪好的湖泊区raster文件。According to the TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area and the characteristics of the corresponding lake area waters, the mask file is corrected by threshold setting, so that the initially cropped raster file of the lake area is gradually adjusted to the large range of the TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area, and the final cropped lake is obtained. area raster file.

优选的,初步裁剪的湖泊区raster文件的获取方法包括:Preferably, the method for obtaining the preliminary cropped lake area raster file includes:

利用ARCGIS10.2软件ArcToolbox工具箱中的spatial analyst tools,选择extraction,然后选择extract by mask生成初步裁剪好的湖泊raster文件。Use the spatial analyst tools in the ArcToolbox toolbox of the ARCGIS10.2 software, select extraction, and then select extract by mask to generate a preliminary cropped lake raster file.

优选的,修正掩模文件的方法包括:Preferably, the method for correcting the mask file includes:

利用ARCGIS10.2软件ArcToolbox工具箱中的spatial analyst tools,选择mapalgebra,然后选择raster calculator,把所有大于等于0的区域设置为300,大于等于0的区域设为湖泊区,再次输出处理的湖泊区raster文件,通过若干次合并栅格文件,获得在湖泊区TIFF遥感影像影响的大范围之内的湖泊区raster文件。Use the spatial analyst tools in the ArcToolbox toolbox of the ARCGIS10.2 software, select mapalgebra, and then select the raster calculator, set all areas greater than or equal to 0 to 300, and areas greater than or equal to 0 to be lake areas, and output the processed lake area raster again File, by merging the raster files several times, the raster file of the lake area within a large area affected by the TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area is obtained.

优选的,最终裁剪好的湖泊区raster文件的获取方法包括:Preferably, the method for obtaining the finally cropped lake area raster file includes:

针对位于湖泊区TIFF遥感影像影响的大范围之内的湖泊区raster文件,利用ARCGIS10.2软件ArcToolBox工具箱的data management,选择raster,然后选择rasterdataset下的mosaic,将湖泊范围内的区域赋值为1,其它区域赋值为-9999,输出湖泊区raster文件,即为最终剪裁好的湖泊raster文件。For the raster files of the lake area within a large area affected by TIFF remote sensing images of the lake area, use the data management of the ArcToolBox toolbox of the ARCGIS10.2 software to select raster, then select mosaic under rasterdataset, and assign the area within the lake range to 1 , other areas are assigned a value of -9999, and the lake area raster file is output, which is the final cropped lake raster file.

优选的,所述FROM-GLC数据集的重访周期为一天。Preferably, the revisit period of the FROM-GLC data set is one day.

优选的,所述湖泊区mask文件的导出方法包括:Preferably, the derivation method of the lake area mask file comprises:

将最终裁剪好的湖泊区raster文件导出为txt文件;Export the final cropped lake area raster file as a txt file;

将所述txt文件导入MATLAB软件,保存输出湖泊区mask文件。The txt file is imported into MATLAB software, and the output lake area mask file is saved.

优选的,所述txt文件的导出方法包括:Preferably, the export method of the txt file comprises:

利用ARCGIS10.2软件ArcToolBox工具箱的conversion tool,选择from raster下的raster to ascii生成所述txt文件。Utilize the conversion tool of the ArcToolBox tool box of the ARCGIS10.2 software, select the raster to ascii under from raster to generate the txt file.

优选的,所述湖泊面积的计算方法包括:Preferably, the calculation method of the lake area includes:

用MATLAB软件编辑tiffread程序,根据所述湖泊区mask文件批量裁剪长时序的湖泊区TIFF遥感影像,得到每日湖泊范围的水像元数,然后通过公式(1)计算出长时序每日的湖泊面积:Edit the tiffread program with MATLAB software, crop the long-sequence TIFF remote sensing images of the lake area in batches according to the lake area mask file, obtain the daily number of water pixels in the lake range, and then calculate the long-sequence daily lake area by formula (1) area:

s=watercount×463×463 (1)s=watercount×463×463 (1)

式(1)中s为每日的湖面面积,watercount为水像元数。In formula (1), s is the daily lake area, and watercount is the number of water pixels.

与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1)本发明采用FROM-GLC数据集获取湖泊区TIFF遥感影像,解决了山体、云和水区域的误分,以及光谱水陆混合区域的问题,提高了湖泊面积的提取精度。(1) The present invention uses the FROM-GLC data set to obtain TIFF remote sensing images of the lake area, which solves the misclassification of mountain, cloud and water areas, and the problem of spectral water and land mixed areas, and improves the extraction accuracy of the lake area.

(2)本发明提供的湖泊面积提取方法,操作简单,可以批量剪裁原始的TIFF遥感影像,批量提取计算湖泊面积,提高了工作的效率,可用于提取各地区湖泊的面积,具有很强的实用性和普适性。(2) The method for extracting lake area provided by the present invention is simple to operate, can crop original TIFF remote sensing images in batches, extract and calculate lake area in batches, improves work efficiency, can be used to extract the area of lakes in various regions, and has strong practicality and universality.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是实施例中鄱阳湖线要素区域图;Fig. 1 is the regional map of Poyang Lake line elements in the embodiment;

图2是实施例中鄱阳湖面要素区域图;Fig. 2 is a regional map of Poyang Lake surface elements in the embodiment;

图3是实施例中鄱阳湖原始的湖泊区TIFF遥感影像;Fig. 3 is the TIFF remote sensing image of the original lake area of Poyang Lake in the embodiment;

图4是实施例中初步裁剪好的鄱阳湖raster图;Fig. 4 is the preliminary cropped Poyang Lake raster figure in the embodiment;

图5是实施例中二次裁剪的鄱阳湖raster图;Fig. 5 is the raster map of Poyang Lake in the secondary cropping in the embodiment;

图6是实施例中最终剪裁好的鄱阳湖raster图;Fig. 6 is the final cropped Poyang Lake raster diagram in the embodiment;

图7是实施例中鄱阳湖2001-2015年的面积变化趋势图;Fig. 7 is the area change trend diagram of Poyang Lake in 2001-2015 in the embodiment;

图8是实施例与文献1中鄱阳湖面积年际变化对比图;Fig. 8 is a comparison chart of the interannual variation of Poyang Lake area in the embodiment and Document 1;

图9是实施例与文献2中鄱阳湖面积变化对比图,其中(a)为实施例鄱阳湖面积变化图,(b)为文献2鄱阳湖面积变化图。Fig. 9 is a comparison diagram of the area change of Poyang Lake in the embodiment and Document 2, wherein (a) is a diagram of the area change of Poyang Lake in the embodiment, and (b) is a diagram of the area change of Poyang Lake in Document 2.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

实施例Example

一种湖泊面积提取方法,以鄱阳湖为例,所述方法包括如下步骤:A method for extracting lake area, taking Poyang Lake as an example, the method includes the following steps:

步骤一、湖泊面要素文件制作Step 1. Creation of lake surface element files

采用FROM-GLC数据集获取鄱阳湖2001年第2天的h28v06影像(湖泊区TIFF遥感影像),在ARCGIS10.2软件平台下,根据所述湖泊区TIFF遥感影像制作鄱阳湖线要素shape文件,然后利用ArcToolbox工具箱中的data management tools,选择features下的featureto polygon,将所述鄱阳湖线要素shape文件转化为鄱阳湖面要素shape文件,如图1为鄱阳湖线要素区域,如图2为鄱阳湖面要素区域。Using the FROM-GLC data set to obtain the h28v06 image of Poyang Lake on the second day of 2001 (TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area), under the ARCGIS10.2 software platform, create a shape file of Poyang Lake line elements based on the TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area, and then Use the data management tools in the ArcToolbox toolbox, select featureto polygon under features, and convert the Poyang Lake line feature shape file into the Poyang Lake surface feature shape file, as shown in Figure 1 for the Poyang Lake line feature area, and Figure 2 for the Poyang Lake surface feature area.

步骤二、湖泊区raster文件制作Step 2. Create a raster file in the lake area

用鄱阳湖面要素shape文件对所述湖泊区TIFF遥感影像进行初步裁剪,具体为利用ARCGIS10.2软件ArcToolbox工具箱中的spatial analyst tools,选择extraction,然后选择extract by mask生成初步裁剪好的鄱阳湖raster文件,如图3为原始的湖泊区TIFF遥感影像,如图4为初步裁剪好的鄱阳湖raster文件。Use the shape file of Poyang Lake surface elements to preliminarily crop the TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area. Specifically, use the spatial analyst tools in the ArcToolbox toolbox of the ARCGIS10.2 software, select extraction, and then select extract by mask to generate a preliminary cropped Poyang Lake raster The file, as shown in Figure 3 is the original TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area, and Figure 4 is the pre-cut raster file of Poyang Lake.

从图4可看出,初步裁剪好的鄱阳湖raster文件的范围小于原始的湖泊区TIFF遥感影像范围,所以进行下一步阈值设定,即对初步裁剪好的鄱阳湖raster文件进行重新计算,具体为利用ARCGIS10.2软件ArcToolbox工具箱中的spatial analyst tools,选择mapalgebra,然后选择raster calculator,把所有大于等于0的区域设置为300,大于等于0的区域即为鄱阳湖的范围,再次输出处理的鄱阳湖的raster文件,如图5所示。It can be seen from Figure 4 that the range of the pre-cut Poyang Lake raster file is smaller than the original TIFF remote sensing image range of the lake area, so the next threshold setting is performed, that is, the pre-cut Poyang Lake raster file is recalculated. In order to use the spatial analyst tools in the ArcToolbox toolbox of the ARCGIS10.2 software, select mapalgebra, then select the raster calculator, set all areas greater than or equal to 0 to 300, and the area greater than or equal to 0 is the range of Poyang Lake, and output the processed The raster file of Poyang Lake is shown in Figure 5.

从图5可看出,处理的鄱阳湖的raster文件范围仍小于原始的湖泊区TIFF遥感影像范围,再次通过合并栅格文件,将处理的鄱阳湖的raster文件调整到原始湖泊区TIFF遥感影像的大范围之内,然后利用ARCGIS10.2软件ArcToolBox工具箱的data management,选择raster,然后选择raster dataset下的mosaic,将合并完成之后的鄱阳湖的raster文件的数值进行调整,将湖泊范围内的区域赋值为1,其它区域赋值为-9999,输出湖泊区raster文件,即为最终剪裁好的鄱阳湖raster文件,如图6所示。It can be seen from Figure 5 that the range of the processed raster file of Poyang Lake is still smaller than the range of the original TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area. By merging the raster files again, the processed raster file of Poyang Lake is adjusted to the range of the original TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area. Within a large range, use the data management of the ArcToolBox toolbox of the ARCGIS10.2 software, select raster, and then select mosaic under the raster dataset to adjust the value of the raster file of Poyang Lake after the merger is completed, and the area within the lake Assign a value of 1, other areas assign a value of -9999, and output the lake area raster file, which is the final cropped Poyang Lake raster file, as shown in Figure 6.

步骤三、湖泊区mask文件制作Step 3. Make the mask file of the lake area

将最终裁剪好的鄱阳湖raster文件导出为txt文件,具体为利用ARCGIS10.2软件ArcToolBox工具箱的conversion tool,选择from raster下的raster to ascii生成所述txt文件;然后将所述txt文件导入MATLAB软件,保存输出鄱阳湖mask文件。Export the final cropped Poyang Lake raster file as a txt file, specifically, use the conversion tool of the ArcToolBox toolbox of the ARCGIS10.2 software to select the raster to ascii under from raster to generate the txt file; then import the txt file into MATLAB The software saves and outputs the Poyang Lake mask file.

步骤四、湖泊长时序面积计算Step 4. Calculation of the long-term area of the lake

用MATLAB软件编辑tiffread程序,根据所述鄱阳湖mask文件批量裁剪2001-2015年的鄱阳湖范围TIFF遥感影像,得到2001-2015年每日的鄱阳湖范围的水像元数,然后通过公式(1)计算出2001-2015年鄱阳湖每日的湖面面积:Edit the tiffread program with MATLAB software, crop the 2001-2015 Poyang Lake range TIFF remote sensing images in batches according to the Poyang Lake mask file, and obtain the daily water pixel number in the Poyang Lake range from 2001 to 2015, and then use the formula (1 ) to calculate the daily lake surface area of Poyang Lake from 2001 to 2015:

s=watercount×463×463 (1)s=watercount×463×463 (1)

式(1)中s为每日的湖面面积,watercount为每日的水像元数。In formula (1), s is the daily lake surface area, and watercount is the daily number of water pixels.

鄱阳湖湖面面积统计Statistics on the surface area of Poyang Lake

用Excel软件对上述实施例获得的长时序鄱阳湖湖面面积进行处理,计算鄱阳湖2001-2015年逐月的平均面积,然后进一步计算出鄱阳湖2001-2015年逐年的平均面积,作出鄱阳湖2001-2015年的面积变化趋势图,如图7,鄱阳湖2001-2015年的面积数据结果如下表1:Use Excel software to process the long-term Poyang Lake surface area obtained in the above examples, calculate the monthly average area of Poyang Lake from 2001 to 2015, and then further calculate the yearly average area of Poyang Lake from 2001 to 2015, and make Poyang Lake 2001 -The trend chart of area change in 2015, as shown in Figure 7, the area data of Poyang Lake from 2001 to 2015 are shown in Table 1:

表1 2001-2015年鄱阳湖湖泊面积序列Table 1 Lake area series of Poyang Lake from 2001 to 2015

鄱阳湖湖面面积验证Verification of the surface area of Poyang Lake

本实施例选择文献1(张克祥.MODIS监测长江中下游典型湖泊面积变化研究[D].东华理工大学,2015)和文献2(许小华,张维奇,胡强.基于MODIS的鄱阳湖湖面面积遥感监测研究[J].江西水利科技,2008,34(4):256-258)进行湖面面积验证。In this example, literature 1 (Zhang Kexiang. MODIS monitoring of typical lake area changes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River [D]. East China University of Science and Technology, 2015) and literature 2 (Xu Xiaohua, Zhang Weiqi, Hu Qiang. Remote sensing monitoring of Poyang Lake surface area based on MODIS Research [J]. Jiangxi Water Conservancy Science and Technology, 2008, 34(4): 256-258) to verify the lake area.

文献1中使用Terra/MODIS数据16天合成的250m植被指数产品MOD13Q1为基础数据,其总体分类精度为89.59%,鄱阳湖2001-2013年每年面积变化均值见表2;选择相同年份的MOD13Q1/FROM-GLC数据进行比较,按公式(2)计算偏离百分比:In Document 1, the 250m vegetation index product MOD13Q1 synthesized by Terra/MODIS data in 16 days was used as the basic data, and its overall classification accuracy was 89.59%. -GLC data are compared, and the deviation percentage is calculated according to the formula (2):

r=(AreaMOD13Q1-AreaFROM-GLC)/AreaFROM-GLC×100% (2)r=(Area MOD13Q1 -Area FROM-GLC )/Area FROM-GLC ×100% (2)

式(2)中:r为偏离百分比,AreaMOD13Q1为基于MOD13Q1获得的鄱阳湖面积,AreaFROM-GLC为基于FROM-GLC获得的鄱阳湖面积,计算结果见表3。In formula (2): r is the deviation percentage, Area MOD13Q1 is the area of Poyang Lake obtained based on MOD13Q1, and Area FROM-GLC is the area of Poyang Lake obtained based on FROM-GLC. The calculation results are shown in Table 3.

表2文献1中2001-2013年鄱阳湖年均湖面面积Table 2 Average annual lake surface area of Poyang Lake from 2001 to 2013 in Document 1

表3文献1与本实施例提取的鄱阳湖面积的偏离百分比Table 3 The percentage of deviation between Document 1 and the area of Poyang Lake extracted in this example

文献1与本实施例中鄱阳湖面积年际变化规律对比见图8。See Figure 8 for the comparison of the interannual change law of the area of Poyang Lake in Document 1 and this example.

文献2使用MODIS数据提取鄱阳湖2007年前半年及2008年后半年的湖面面积,现选择相同日期的MODIS/FROM-GLC数据与本实施例中鄱阳湖面积进行比较,如图9(a)和(b)。Document 2 uses MODIS data to extract the lake surface area of Poyang Lake in the first half of 2007 and the second half of 2008. Now select the MODIS/FROM-GLC data of the same date to compare with the area of Poyang Lake in this example, as shown in Figure 9(a) and (b).

从图8、图9中可知,本实施例提取的鄱阳湖湖面面积与文献1、文献2中的湖面面积的变化整体趋势是一致的,由此验证本实施例得到的鄱阳湖湖面面积时间序列是正确合理的。由表3可知,本实施例获得的鄱阳湖湖面面积与文献1的差异在6%-27%,产生这些差异的原因是MOD13Q1数据和FROM-GLC数据的时间分辨率和空间分辨率以及光谱分辨率不一样。It can be seen from Figure 8 and Figure 9 that the overall trend of the lake surface area of Poyang Lake extracted in this example is consistent with that in Document 1 and Document 2, thus verifying the time series of the lake surface area of Poyang Lake obtained in this example is correct and reasonable. It can be seen from Table 3 that the difference between the surface area of Poyang Lake obtained in this example and Document 1 is 6%-27%. The reason for these differences is the time resolution, spatial resolution and spectral resolution of MOD13Q1 data and FROM-GLC data Rates are different.

本实施例中提供的湖泊面积提取方法,是基于FROM-GLC数据集获取湖泊区TIFF遥感影像,重访周期为一天,地物分辨率为463m。The lake area extraction method provided in this example is based on the FROM-GLC dataset to obtain TIFF remote sensing images of the lake area, the revisit period is one day, and the ground object resolution is 463m.

FROM-GLC数据集是基于landsat8TM/OLI卫星的全球多类土地利用数据产品,是全球第一个光谱分辨率为30米、具有精细的分辨率观测器和监测全球土地覆盖物的产品,并且可以提取一个全球的水膜。该数据产品和其他产品对比发现生产者精度(PA)和用户者精度(UA)分别提高了4.62%和0.51%,全球内陆水体总面积下降了15.83%。The FROM-GLC data set is a global multi-category land use data product based on the landsat8TM/OLI satellite. It is the first product in the world with a spectral resolution of 30 meters, a fine resolution observer and monitoring of global land cover, and can Extracts a global water film. Comparing this data product with other products, it is found that producer accuracy (PA) and user accuracy (UA) have increased by 4.62% and 0.51% respectively, and the total area of global inland water bodies has decreased by 15.83%.

FROM-GLC数据集采用的是基于对象方法,其方法是对来自FROM-GLC数据产品水膜中的每一个水对象计算云的地形特征、光谱特征和几何关系,并且设定特定的规则判定水对象是否被错误地分类,用光谱信息和地形数据来自动识别山体阴影,用太阳-传感器-云这三者的几何关系来自动识别云阴影,从而剔除被误分的水体。该数据产品解决了影像水分类结果的两个共性问题,即阴影(包括山体和云阴影误分)和水-陆光谱混合区域误分,因此可以提高湖泊面积的提取精度。The FROM-GLC data set adopts an object-based method, which is to calculate the topographic features, spectral features and geometric relations of the cloud for each water object in the water film from the FROM-GLC data product, and set specific rules to determine the water Whether the object is misclassified, use spectral information and terrain data to automatically identify mountain shadows, and use the geometric relationship between the sun-sensor-cloud to automatically identify cloud shadows, thereby eliminating misclassified water bodies. This data product solves two common problems in image water classification results, that is, shadow (including mountain and cloud shadow misclassification) and water-land spectral mixed area misclassification, so it can improve the accuracy of lake area extraction.

此外,通过用MATLAB软件编辑tiffread程序,可以批量剪裁原始的TIFF遥感影像,批量提取计算湖泊面积,提高了工作的效率,可用于提取各地区湖泊的面积,具有很强的实用性和普适性。In addition, by editing the tiffread program with MATLAB software, the original TIFF remote sensing images can be cropped in batches, and the lake area can be extracted and calculated in batches, which improves the work efficiency and can be used to extract the area of lakes in various regions, which has strong practicability and universal applicability .

以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变形,这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种湖泊面积提取方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括如下步骤:1. a lake area extraction method, is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps: 采用FROM-GLC数据集获取湖泊区TIFF遥感影像,对湖泊区TIFF遥感影像进行转换,获取湖泊面要素文件;Use the FROM-GLC dataset to obtain TIFF remote sensing images of the lake area, convert the TIFF remote sensing images of the lake area, and obtain lake surface element files; 利用湖泊面要素文件获取湖泊区raster文件;Use the lake surface element file to obtain the raster file of the lake area; 根据湖泊区raster文件导出湖泊区mask文件;Export the mask file of the lake area according to the raster file of the lake area; 根据湖泊区mask文件,批量处理长时序的湖泊区TIFF遥感影像,批量提取计算湖泊面积。According to the mask file of the lake area, the long-sequence TIFF remote sensing images of the lake area are processed in batches, and the lake area is extracted and calculated in batches. 2.根据权利要求1所述的湖泊面积提取方法,其特征在于,所述湖泊面要素文件的获取方法包括:2. the lake area extraction method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the acquisition method of described lake surface element file comprises: 在ARCGIS10.2软件平台下,根据所述湖泊区TIFF遥感影像制作湖泊线要素shape文件,然后利用ArcToolbox工具箱中的data management tools,选择features下的feature topolygon,将所述湖泊线要素shape文件转化为湖泊面要素shape文件。Under the ARCGIS10.2 software platform, the lake line element shape file was made according to the TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area, and then the data management tools in the ArcToolbox toolbox were used to select the feature topolygon under features to convert the lake line element shape file It is the shape file of the lake surface feature. 3.根据权利要求1所述的湖泊面积提取方法,其特征在于,所述湖泊区raster文件的获取方法包括:3. The lake area extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the method for obtaining the lake area raster file comprises: 用湖泊面要素文件对原所述湖泊区TIFF遥感影像进行初步裁剪,获取初步裁剪的湖泊区raster文件;Use the lake surface element file to preliminarily crop the TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area mentioned above, and obtain the raster file of the lake area that is initially cropped; 根据湖泊区TIFF遥感影像及对应湖泊区域水域特点,通过阈值设定修正掩模文件,使初步裁剪的湖泊区raster文件逐步调整至湖泊区TIFF遥感影像的大范围之内,获取最终裁剪好的湖泊区raster文件。According to the TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area and the characteristics of the corresponding lake area waters, the mask file is corrected by threshold setting, so that the initially cropped raster file of the lake area is gradually adjusted to the large range of the TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area, and the final cropped lake is obtained. area raster file. 4.根据权利要求3所述的湖泊面积提取方法,其特征在于,初步裁剪的湖泊区raster文件的获取方法包括:4. the lake area extraction method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the acquisition method of the lake area raster file of preliminary cutting comprises: 利用ARCGIS10.2软件ArcToolbox工具箱中的spatial analyst tools,选择extraction,然后选择extract by mask生成初步裁剪好的湖泊raster文件。Use the spatial analyst tools in the ArcToolbox toolbox of the ARCGIS10.2 software, select extraction, and then select extract by mask to generate a preliminary cropped lake raster file. 5.根据权利要求3所述的湖泊面积提取方法,其特征在于,修正掩模文件的方法包括:5. The lake area extraction method according to claim 3, wherein the method for correcting the mask file comprises: 利用ARCGIS10.2软件ArcToolbox工具箱中的spatial analyst tools,选择mapalgebra,然后选择raster calculator,把所有大于等于0的区域设置为300,大于等于0的区域设为湖泊区,再次输出处理的湖泊区raster文件,通过若干次合并栅格文件,获得在湖泊区TIFF遥感影像的大范围之内的湖泊区raster文件。Use the spatial analyst tools in the ArcToolbox toolbox of the ARCGIS10.2 software, select mapalgebra, and then select the raster calculator, set all areas greater than or equal to 0 to 300, and areas greater than or equal to 0 to be lake areas, and output the processed lake area raster again File, by merging the raster files several times, the raster file of the lake area within a large range of the TIFF remote sensing image of the lake area is obtained. 6.根据权利要求5所述的湖泊面积提取方法,其特征在于,最终裁剪好的湖泊区raster文件的获取方法包括:6. the lake area extraction method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the acquisition method of the lake area raster file that finally cuts out comprises: 针对位于湖泊区TIFF遥感影像影响的大范围之内的湖泊区raster文件,利用ARCGIS10.2软件ArcToolBox工具箱的data management,选择raster,然后选择rasterdataset下的mosaic,将湖泊范围内的区域赋值为1,其它区域赋值为-9999,输出湖泊区raster文件,即为最终剪裁好的湖泊raster文件。For the raster files of the lake area within a large area affected by TIFF remote sensing images of the lake area, use the data management of the ArcToolBox toolbox of the ARCGIS10.2 software to select raster, then select mosaic under rasterdataset, and assign the area within the lake range to 1 , other areas are assigned a value of -9999, and the lake area raster file is output, which is the final cropped lake raster file. 7.根据权利要求1所述的湖泊面积提取方法,其特征在于,所述FROM-GLC数据集的重访周期为一天。7. The lake area extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the revisit period of the FROM-GLC data set is one day. 8.根据权利要求1所述的湖泊面积提取方法,其特征在于,所述湖泊区mask文件的导出方法包括:8. the lake area extraction method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the derivation method of described lake area mask file comprises: 将最终裁剪好的湖泊区raster文件导出为txt文件;Export the final cropped lake area raster file as a txt file; 将所述txt文件导入MATLAB软件,保存输出湖泊区mask文件。The txt file is imported into MATLAB software, and the output lake area mask file is saved. 9.根据权利要求8所述的湖泊面积提取方法,其特征在于,所述txt文件的导出方法包括:9. the lake area extraction method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the derivation method of described txt file comprises: 利用ARCGIS10.2软件ArcToolBox工具箱的conversion tool,选择from raster下的raster to ascii生成所述txt文件。Utilize the conversion tool of the ArcToolBox tool box of the ARCGIS10.2 software, select the raster to ascii under from raster to generate the txt file. 10.根据权利要求1所述的湖泊面积提取方法,其特征在于,所述湖泊面积的计算方法包括:10. The lake area extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation method of the lake area comprises: 用MATLAB软件编辑tiffread程序,根据所述湖泊区mask文件批量裁剪长时序的湖泊区TIFF遥感影像,得到每日湖泊范围的水像元数,然后通过公式(1)计算出长时序每日的湖泊面积:Edit the tiffread program with MATLAB software, crop the long-sequence TIFF remote sensing images of the lake area in batches according to the lake area mask file, obtain the daily number of water pixels in the lake range, and then calculate the long-sequence daily lake area by formula (1) area: s=watercount×463×463 (1)s=watercount×463×463 (1) 式(1)中s为每日的湖面面积,watercount为水像元数。In formula (1), s is the daily lake area, and watercount is the number of water pixels.
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