CN110273666A - Deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system and recovery method - Google Patents
Deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system and recovery method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110273666A CN110273666A CN201910606033.3A CN201910606033A CN110273666A CN 110273666 A CN110273666 A CN 110273666A CN 201910606033 A CN201910606033 A CN 201910606033A CN 110273666 A CN110273666 A CN 110273666A
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- well
- oil pipe
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- gas hydrates
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of deep water gas hydrate mining methods and system comprising: straight well；Porous radial well is divided into two groups up and down, and is connected to straight well and extends in gas hydrates reservoir；First packer and the second packer, it is placed in straight well, for insulating in space in well at implanted layer and extraction layer, and one group of radial well being located above is connected to the extraction layer between the first packer and the second packer, underlying one group of radial well is connected to the implanted layer being located at below the second packer；Inject oil pipe and extraction oil pipe, it is placed in straight well, and the top for injecting oil pipe is connected with carbon dioxide injection system, the top for producing oil pipe is connected with natural gas collection system, and the bottom end for injecting oil pipe is located in implanted layer, the bottom end for producing oil pipe is located in extraction layer.The present invention injects CO using radial well2Displacer gas hydrate increases CO2With the contact area of gas hydrates, it is obviously improved displacement efficiency, is formed simultaneously CO2Hydrate, good ground.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to deep water exploitation of gas hydrates technical fields, more particularly to a kind of deep water gas hydrates
Mining system and recovery method.
Background technique
Gas hydrates (combustible ice) are that natural gas acts on a kind ofization to be formed with water under certain temperature and pressure
Metering cage type crystalline compounds are learned, gas molecule fills the lattice that hydrone is formed.It is a kind of novel potential energy source, mainly
It is distributed in bottom sediment and land permafrost band.According to pertinent literature result of study, global natural gas hydrate resources
Amount about 21 × 1015m3, it is coal, 2 times of oil and natural gas total resources, enough mankind use thousand or more.Therefore, right
The recovery method research of gas hydrates has great importance.Currently, the recovery method of gas hydrates mainly has heat
Intensify method, chemical-agent technique, voltage drop method and CO2Replacement exploitation method.
Heat shock method is directly to heat to gas hydrates layer, keeps the temperature of gas hydrates layer flat more than it
Weigh temperature, so that promoting gas hydrate dissociation is water and gas extraction method.The major defect of this method is thermal energy
Loss is big, has 10% to 75% heat waste to lose in heating, heat utilization efficiency is low, and the higher cost of exploitation, stratum is easily sent out after exploitation
Life is collapsed.
Chemical-agent technique is changed by injecting certain chemical reagent, such as salt water, methanol, ethyl alcohol into day hot gas hydrate
The phase balance condition for becoming gas hydrate synthesis, reduces the equilibrium temperature of hydrate, promotes gas hydrate dissociation.This method lacks
Point is that effect is slow, and expense is too high, exists simultaneously the risk of stratum unstability.
Decompression extraction system is that the phase equilibrium line for crossing gas hydrates micro computer by reducing pressure moves, from
And promote the recovery method of gas hydrate dissociation.It is the highest mining method of current efficiency that decompression, which extracts natural gas, but is opened
Easy unstability after the decomposition of hydrate of stratum during adopting causes geological disaster.
CO2Replacement exploitation method, the basic principle is that with the CO that hydrate is more readily formed2It is passed through combustible ice reservoir, passes through shape
The heat of releasing when at carbon dioxide hydrate decomposes combustible ice.The method can evade stratum unstability in above-mentioned mining method
Risk, still, currently employed CO2Its displacement efficiency is low when replacement exploitation, it is difficult to which large scale mining uses.
Deep water gas hydrates buried depth is shallower, and horizontal well drilling enforcement difficulty is big, realizes that deep water is natural by horizontal well
Gas hydrate CO2The feasibility of replacement exploitation is lower.
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system and recovery method, both guaranteed that stratum was stablized, had simultaneously
There is higher production efficiency, and there is feasibility in technique.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing deficiencies of prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of deep water gas hydrates to open
Extraction system and recovery method, for solving CO in the prior art2Replacement exploitation low efficiency, other mining methods be easy to cause stratum
The problems such as unstability, big stratum shallow horizontal well enforcement difficulty.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a kind of deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system,
Comprising:
Straight well runs through gas hydrates reservoir；
Porous radial well is connected to straight well and extends in gas hydrates reservoir, and all radial wells are divided into upper and lower two
Group；
First packer and the second packer are placed in straight well, for insulating in space in well at implanted layer and extraction layer,
And one group of radial well being located above is connected to the extraction layer between the first packer and the second packer, underlying one group of diameter
Xiang Jingyu is located at the connection of the implanted layer below the second packer；
Oil pipe and extraction oil pipe are injected, is placed in the straight well, and injects top and the carbon dioxide injection system of oil pipe
System is connected, and the top for producing oil pipe is connected with natural gas collection system, and the bottom end for injecting oil pipe is located in the implanted layer, extraction
The bottom end of oil pipe is located in extraction layer.
Preferably, the radial well extends along the radial line of the straight well, and the radial well in every group is along the circumferential direction of straight well
Distribution.Preferably, the extraction oil pipe be equipped with circulation slide sleeve and pressure-temperature sensor, the pressure-temperature sensor with
Well head display is connected.
Preferably, gas lift valve is additionally provided on the extraction oil pipe.
Preferably, the injection oil pipe is equipped with circulation slide sleeve and pressure-temperature sensor, the pressure and temp sensing
Device is connected with well head display.
Preferably, storm valve is equipped on the extraction oil pipe and the injection oil pipe.
The present invention also provides a kind of deep water gas hydrate mining methods comprising:
1) deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system as described above is completed in construction；
2) carbon dioxide is injected into the injection oil pipe, the methane in displacer gas hydrate reservoir, pass through extraction
Oil pipe collects methane.
Preferably, the equilbrium phase diagram between gas hydrates and carbon dioxide hydrate is established, contains two in equilbrium phase diagram
Carbonoxide hydrate equilibrium curve and the gas hydrates profile of equilibrium；In formal exploitation, the gas hydrates are monitored
The temperature, pressure of reservoir makes real-time temperature, pressure value be in the carbon dioxide hydrate profile of equilibrium and gas hydrates balance
Between curve.
Preferably, exploitation initially uses gaslift induced flow.
Preferably, in the step 1) deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system construction procedure are as follows: firstly, bore a bite it is straight
Well；Again, bilevel radial direction well is carried out in gas hydrates reservoir, upper layer radial well is used for gas production, lower layer's diameter
To well for injecting CO2；Finally, the tripping in completion tubular column into straight well, completion tubular column includes extraction oil pipe and injection oil pipe, first
Packer and the second packer, extraction oil pipe and injection oil pipe distinguish tripping in the position of two layers of radial well, the first packer position
Above gas hydrates reservoir, the second packer is between upper layer radial well and lower layer's radial well.
As described above, deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system and method for the invention, have the advantages that and adopt
CO is injected with radial well2Displacer gas hydrate increases CO2With the contact area of gas hydrates, it is obviously improved displacement effect
Rate improves the yield of gas hydrates, while CO2CO is formed after displacement2Hydrate, support stratum, avoid in pressure reduction by
Stratum unstability and geological disaster caused by the decomposition of gas hydrates solid.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is shown as deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system schematic of the invention.
Fig. 2 is shown as carbon dioxide replacement gas hydrates process schematic.
Fig. 3 is shown as hydrate equilibrium phasor.
Component label instructions
10 drilling platforms
11 water layers
12 overlying rocks
13 gas hydrates reservoirs
14 lower rock stratums
2 straight wells
3 extraction oil pipes
41 storm valves
42 circulation slide sleeves
43 pressure-temperature sensors
44 gas lift valves
5 wellhead assemblies
61 first packers
62 second packers
7 radial wells
8 injection oil pipes
91 carbon dioxide injection systems
92 natural gas collection systems
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by particular specific embodiment below, those skilled in the art can be by this explanation
Content disclosed by book is understood other advantages and efficacy of the present invention easily.
It please refers to Fig.1 to Fig.3.It should be clear that structure, ratio, size etc. depicted in this specification institute attached drawing, only to
Cooperate the revealed content of specification, so that those skilled in the art understands and reads, being not intended to limit the invention can be real
The qualifications applied, therefore do not have technical essential meaning, the tune of the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or size
It is whole, in the case where not influencing the effect of present invention can be generated and the purpose that can reach, it should all still fall in disclosed skill
In the range of art content can cover.Meanwhile in this specification it is cited as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", " centre " and
The term of " one " etc. is merely convenient to being illustrated for narration, rather than to limit the scope of the invention, relativeness
It is altered or modified, under the content of no substantial changes in technology, when being also considered as the enforceable scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system comprising:
Straight well 2 runs through gas hydrates reservoir 13；
Porous radial well 7 is connected to straight well 2 and extends in gas hydrates reservoir 13, and it is upper that all radial wells 7, which divide,
It is two groups lower；
First packer 61 and the second packer 62 are placed in straight well 2, for insulating into implanted layer and adopting space in well
Layer out, and one group of radial well 7 being located above is connected to the extraction layer between the first packer 61 and the second packer 62, under being located at
One group of radial well 7 of side is connected to the implanted layer for being located at 62 lower section of the second packer；
Oil pipe 8 and extraction oil pipe 3 are injected, is placed in the straight well 2, and the top of injection oil pipe 8 and carbon dioxide are infused
Enter system 91 to be connected, the top of extraction oil pipe 3 is connected with natural gas collection system 92, and injects the bottom end of oil pipe 8 positioned at described
In implanted layer, the bottom end of extraction oil pipe 3 is located in extraction layer.
The present invention realizes the methane in carbon dioxide replacement gas hydrates in such a way that straight well 2 combines radial well 7,
By the way that the radial well 7 being distributed up and down is arranged in gas hydrates reservoir 13, and radial well 7 is in gas hydrates reservoir 13
In extend as far as possible, increase its production face, by being distributed up and down, underlying radial well is for exporting carbon dioxide, i.e.,
CO is injected to the lower part of gas hydrates reservoir by injection oil pipe 8 in recovery process2Gas displaces gas hydrates
In natural gas, the natural gas decomposited by the radial well 7 that is located above and the extraction extraction displacement of oil pipe 3；Its specific displacement
Principle as shown in Fig. 2, in gas hydrates reservoir be mainly gas hydrates, when injecting carbon dioxide gas, two
Carbon oxide gas cements out the methane molecule in gas hydrates, and carbon dioxide and water form carbon dioxide hydrate.
The present invention increases CO by the setting of radial well 72With the contact area of gas hydrates, it is obviously improved displacement efficiency, is tied
Close decompression exploitation and the CO of gas hydrates2Two methods of replacement exploitation improve the yield of gas hydrates；CO2After displacement
Form CO2Hydrate supports stratum, avoids the stratum unstability as caused by the decomposition of gas hydrates solid in pressure reduction
And geological disaster.
For the output of injection and natural gas convenient for carbon dioxide, above-mentioned radial well 7 is along the straight well 2 in the present embodiment
Radial line extends, and the radial well 7 in every group is along the circumferentially distributed of straight well 2.
To improve safety, circulation slide sleeve 42 and pressure-temperature sensor are equipped on extraction oil pipe 3 in the present embodiment
43, the pressure-temperature sensor 43 is connected with well head display.Gas lift valve 44 is additionally provided on extraction oil pipe 3.It injects on oil pipe 8
Equipped with circulation slide sleeve 42 and pressure-temperature sensor 43, the pressure-temperature sensor 43 is connected with well head display.Injection
Pressure-temperature sensor 43 on oil pipe 8 and extraction oil pipe 3 monitors the temperature and pressure of implanted layer and gas production layer respectively, and well head is aobvious
Show that device can show current pressure and temperature, it is ensured that temperature, pressure point is in CO in Fig. 3 hydrate phasor2Hydrate equilibrium curve and
The region that region between the gas hydrates profile of equilibrium, i.e. Fig. 3 bend mark；If tune in the area, can not passed through
The circulation slide sleeve 42 in respective tube is saved to make to carry out pressure adjustment with intercommunication in straight well in pipe with this.
For further safe working, underground peace is equipped in the present embodiment on extraction oil pipe 3 and the injection oil pipe 8
Full valve 41；It realizes that closing well operates under emergency, guarantees that note adopts safety.Form above-mentioned deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system
Detailed process can are as follows:
Firstly, boring a bite straight well 2 using semisubmersible drilling platform, run through water layer 11, overlying rock 12, gas hydrates
Reservoir 13, until extending in lower rock stratum 14；Casing is set in the straight well of 13 or more gas hydrates reservoir, for solid
Well is barefoot completion in gas hydrates Reservoir Section；
Again, bilevel radial direction well is carried out in gas hydrates reservoir 13, that is, forms two groups of radial wells up and down
7, upper layer radial well is used for gas production, and lower layer's radial well is for injecting CO2；Finally, tripping in completion tubular column, completion tubular into straight well 2
Column includes oil pipe (i.e. above-mentioned extraction oil pipe 3 and injection oil pipe 8), storm valve 41, gas lift valve 44, circulation slide sleeve 42, packing
Device (the first packer 61 and the second packer 62), pressure sensor 43, extraction oil pipe 3 and injection oil pipe 8 distinguish tripping in two
7 position of layer radial well, the first packer 61 are located at 13 top of gas hydrates reservoir, and the second packer 62 is located at upper layer radial direction
Between well and lower layer's radial well, the first packer 61 is dual tubing packing, and the second packer 62 is single tube packer, single tube packing
Device uses open hole packer；Pressure sensor 43 is set to each oil pipe close to the end of radial well, for monitoring implanted layer and adopting
The temperature and pressure of gas-bearing formation；Wellhead assembly 5 and drilling platforms 10 are equipped with above the water surface；Extraction oil pipe 3 and injection oil pipe 8 are divided
It is not connected to natural gas collection system 92, carbon dioxide injection system 91.Deep water gas water as described above is completed in construction
After closing object mining system；It can be exploited by above-mentioned deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system, recovery method specifically: to
Carbon dioxide is injected in the injection oil pipe 8, carbon dioxide is passed through gas hydrates through underlying one group of radial well 7 and stores up
In layer 13, the methane molecule in displacer gas hydrate reservoir, one group through being located above of the methane molecule being replaced radial
Well 7 and extraction oil pipe 3 are conveyed to natural gas collection system 92.Preferably, gas hydrates and hydrated carbon dioxide are established
Equilbrium phase diagram between object is as shown in Figure 3, flat containing the carbon dioxide hydrate profile of equilibrium and gas hydrates in equilbrium phase diagram
Weigh curve；In formal exploitation, is monitored in the gas hydrates reservoir 13 and exploited by above-mentioned pressure-temperature sensor 43
The temperature, pressure of layer and implanted layer makes real-time temperature, pressure value be in the carbon dioxide hydrate profile of equilibrium and natural gas hydration
Between the object profile of equilibrium, i.e. the region that marks of Fig. 3 bend.
Preferably, exploitation initially uses induced flow in the step 2), and induced flow is gaslift induced flow in the present embodiment.
In conclusion deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system of the invention and recovery method, pass through the setting of radial well 7
Increase CO2With the contact area of gas hydrates, it is obviously improved displacement efficiency, is exploited in conjunction with the decompression of gas hydrates
With CO2Two methods of replacement exploitation improve the yield of gas hydrates；CO2CO is formed after displacement2Hydrate supports stratum,
Avoid stratum unstability and geological disaster as caused by the decomposition of gas hydrates solid in pressure reduction.So the present invention
It effectively overcomes various shortcoming in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any ripe
The personage for knowing this technology all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, carries out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, institute is complete without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art such as
At all equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system characterized by comprising
Straight well runs through gas hydrates reservoir, and is placed in the wellhead assembly above the water surface；
Porous radial well is connected to straight well and extends in gas hydrates reservoir, and all radial wells are divided into two groups up and down；
First packer and the second packer are placed in straight well, for insulating in space in well at implanted layer and extraction layer, and position
One group of radial well in top is connected to the extraction layer between the first packer and the second packer, underlying one group of radial well
It is connected to the implanted layer being located at below the second packer；
Oil pipe and extraction oil pipe are injected, is placed in the straight well, and injects top and the carbon dioxide injection system phase of oil pipe
Even, the top for producing oil pipe is connected with natural gas collection system, and the bottom end for injecting oil pipe is located in the implanted layer, produces oil pipe
Bottom end be located at extraction layer in.
2. deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the radial well is described in
The radial line of straight well extends, and the radial well in every group is along the circumferentially distributed of straight well.
3. deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: set on the extraction oil pipe
There are circulation slide sleeve and pressure-temperature sensor, the pressure-temperature sensor and well head display connect.
4. deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: on the extraction oil pipe also
Equipped with gas lift valve.
5. deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: set on the injection oil pipe
There are circulation slide sleeve and pressure-temperature sensor, the pressure-temperature sensor is connected with well head display.
6. deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the extraction oil pipe and institute
It states and is equipped with storm valve on injection oil pipe.
7. a kind of deep water gas hydrate mining methods, it is characterised in that:
1) construction is completed such as claim 1 to the described in any item deep water exploitation of gas hydrates systems of claim 6；
2) carbon dioxide is injected into the injection oil pipe, carbon dioxide is passed through gas water through underlying one group of radial well
It closes in object reservoir, the methane molecule in displacer gas hydrate reservoir, one group through being located above of the methane molecule being replaced
Radial well and extraction oil pipe are conveyed to natural gas collection system.
8. deep water gas hydrate mining methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: establish gas hydrates
Equilbrium phase diagram between carbon dioxide hydrate is hydrated in equilbrium phase diagram containing the carbon dioxide hydrate profile of equilibrium and natural gas
The object profile of equilibrium；In formal exploitation, the temperature, pressure of the gas hydrates reservoir is monitored, real-time temperature, pressure value is made
Between the carbon dioxide hydrate profile of equilibrium and the gas hydrates profile of equilibrium.
9. deep water gas hydrate mining methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: exploitation in the step 2)
Initially use gaslift induced flow.
10. deep water gas hydrate mining methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: deep in the step 1)
The construction procedure of water exploitation of gas hydrates system are as follows: firstly, boring a bite straight well；Again, in gas hydrates reservoir
Bilevel radial direction well is carried out, upper layer radial well is used for gas production, and lower layer's radial well is for injecting CO2；Finally, into straight well
Tripping in completion tubular column, completion tubular column include extraction oil pipe and injection oil pipe, the first packer and the second packer, extraction oil pipe and
Oil pipe difference tripping in is injected to the position of two layers of radial well, and the first packer is located above gas hydrates reservoir, the second envelope
Every device between upper layer radial well and lower layer's radial well.
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| CN201910606033.3A CN110273666A (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system and recovery method |
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| CN201910606033.3A CN110273666A (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Deep water exploitation of gas hydrates system and recovery method |
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| CN111188598A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-22 | 西南石油大学 | Seabed shallow layer natural gas hydrate exploitation and double-pump lifting device |
| CN113027338A (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2021-06-25 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Simple small pressure difference testing device with well drilling, well completion and gas testing functions |
| CN113309494A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-08-27 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司海南分公司 | Production pipeline and processing system for natural gas hydrate with covering layer and production method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111188598A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-22 | 西南石油大学 | Seabed shallow layer natural gas hydrate exploitation and double-pump lifting device |
| CN113027338A (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2021-06-25 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Simple small pressure difference testing device with well drilling, well completion and gas testing functions |
| CN113027338B (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2023-03-24 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Simple small pressure difference testing device with well drilling, well completion and gas testing functions |
| CN113309494A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-08-27 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司海南分公司 | Production pipeline and processing system for natural gas hydrate with covering layer and production method thereof |
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