CN110272122B - Zero-emission three-group biological filtration system for circulating water culture - Google Patents
Zero-emission three-group biological filtration system for circulating water culture Download PDFInfo
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- CN110272122B CN110272122B CN201810221292.XA CN201810221292A CN110272122B CN 110272122 B CN110272122 B CN 110272122B CN 201810221292 A CN201810221292 A CN 201810221292A CN 110272122 B CN110272122 B CN 110272122B
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- denitrification
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 225
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 225
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 21
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/163—Nitrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/166—Nitrites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a zero-emission three-group biological filtration system for circulating water culture, which is characterized in that: the system consists of three independent pools which are mutually communicated, namely a primary filtering pool, a secondary filtering pool and a denitrification filtering pool, wherein the bottoms of the pools are all funnel-shaped, and inclined tube biological fillers are arranged in the pools; when the water for cultivation flows through three water tanks, nitrifying filler in the water tanks converts ammonia nitrogen in the water into nontoxic nitrate by nitrifying bacteria growing on the surfaces of the filler in an aerobic environment; the denitrifying filler converts nitrate into nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water by denitrifying bacteria growing on the surface of the filler in an anaerobic environment. Thereby realizing degradation of harmful components such as residual bait, excrement, ammonia nitrogen, nitrous acid, nitrate and the like in the circulating water culture water body, and simultaneously realizing degassing and oxygenation of water. The effect of the method enables zero emission of aquaculture to be possible, and simultaneously has the characteristics of low energy consumption, easy operation and control, easy maintenance, obvious filtering effect, low equipment operation cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of instruments in the aspect of aquaculture water treatment, in particular to a water treatment system for biologically filtering (decomposing) harmful substances such as excrement, residual bait, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate and the like in a circulating water aquaculture water treatment system and supplementing dissolved oxygen in water.
Background
The biological filtering devices used in the society at present are various in types and different in shapes, and most of the biological filtering devices are mainly small-sized devices used in aquarium or scientific research institutions, so that the biological filtering devices can be really used for circulating water culture. The biological filtering equipment for aquaculture, which is used at home and abroad at present, aims at decomposing faeces, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the aquaculture water body, and the final decomposition product nitrate is always remained in water and cannot be eradicated, so that the nitrate in water can be accumulated to the maximum tolerance degree of the cultured organism and directly threatens the smooth progress of the aquaculture production along with the progress of the aquaculture production. Therefore, all the systems can only keep the nitrate concentration in the water body in a partial water changing mode, and the normal growth of organisms cannot be affected. The problems cause biological filtration to become a technical bottleneck in circulating water culture, restrict the development of the culture industry in the directions of industrialization, indoor culture, high-density fish culture and the like, and especially under the increasingly serious environmental protection problem and the strict national requirements on aquaculture discharge, the invention provides a long-term entrepreneur approach suitable for the current state for aquatic people.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a zero-emission three-group type biological filter system for circulating water culture, which aims at solving the problems that the existing aquatic product culture biological filter equipment in society is unstable in operation, can not decompose nitrate, is difficult to maintain, has large volume, high manufacturing cost, large energy consumption and the like, and simultaneously realizes oxygenation and carbon dioxide discharge, total decomposition of excrement, small occupied area, easy operation and easy maintenance in the biological filter process, thereby achieving the final purpose of energy-saving and emission-reduction real totally-enclosed circulating water culture.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a three biological filtration system for circulating water aquaculture of zero release formula, this system comprises three independent ponds that one-level filtering ponds, second grade filtering ponds and denitrification filtering ponds communicate each other, its characterized in that: the bottom of the primary filter tank is funnel-shaped, a main water inlet pipe is arranged at the lowest part of the bottom of the funnel-shaped tank, and the bottom of the funnel-shaped tank is favorable for collecting solid dirt generated in the back flushing process near the main water inlet pipe and discharging the solid dirt out of the tank through the main water inlet pipe. The inflatable support a is arranged above the main water inlet pipe and positioned at the top of the opening of the funnel-shaped tank bottom, and plays roles of backflushing inflation and supporting the nitrifying filler. The overflow pipe a connected to the secondary filter tank is arranged on the tank wall of the primary filter tank close to the top, and most of water entering the primary filter tank from the main water inlet pipe flows into the secondary filter tank from the overflow pipe a. And nitrifying filler is filled between the overflow pipe a and the inflatable bracket a in the first-stage filter tank, and nitrifying bacteria grow on the surface of the nitrifying filler through cultivation. The water inlet of the denitrification filter tank is buried in the nitrifying filler, the water outlet at the other end is connected to a tank bottom pipe of the denitrification filter tank, and a flow control valve is arranged between the water inlet and the water outlet of the water inlet pipe of the denitrification filter tank.
The bottom of the denitrification filter tank is funnel-shaped, a tank bottom pipe is arranged at the lowest part of the funnel-shaped tank bottom, and the funnel-shaped tank bottom is beneficial to the concentration of solid dirt generated in the back flushing process near the tank bottom pipe and is discharged out of the tank through a sewage outlet. The top of the opening of the funnel-shaped bottom is provided with an inflatable bracket c which plays roles of backflushing inflation and denitrification filler support. And an overflow pipe b connected to the secondary filter tank is arranged on the tank wall, close to the top, of the denitrification filter tank, and water finally flows into the secondary filter tank from the overflow pipe b after entering the denitrification filter tank from the tank bottom pipe. The lowest part of the pipeline of the overflow pipe b is lower than the lowest part of the pipeline of the overflow pipe a, so that the water level in the primary filter tank is higher than that of the denitrification filter tank, and water automatically flows into the denitrification filter tank through the water inlet pipe of the denitrification filter tank. And denitrification filler is filled between the overflow pipe b and the inflatable bracket c in the denitrification filter tank, and denitrifying bacteria grow on the surface of the denitrification filler through cultivation. A water diversion sieve plate b is arranged between the top of the denitrification filler and the overflow pipe b, and is of a porous plate-shaped structure and immersed under water. The circulating water inlet pipe is arranged between the lower part of the water diversion sieve plate b and the denitrification filler, so that the phenomenon that the water containing oxygen is sucked into the top of the tank and contacted with air by the circulating water inlet pipe is avoided, and the denitrification filler is ensured to be in an oxygen-free environment. The other end of the circulating water inlet pipe is connected with a circulating pump, the water outlet end of the circulating pump is connected with a circulating water return pipe, the other end of the circulating water return pipe is connected to a tank bottom pipe, the circulating pump pumps water at the top of the tank into the tank bottom again, and the water circulates repeatedly in the tank, so that the contact probability of the water and denitrifying bacteria is increased, and nitrate in the water is decomposed more thoroughly. The circulating water return pipe is provided with a dosing pipe close to the circulating pump, the dosing pipe is provided with a one-way valve, and the dosing pipe is used for adding the required chemical reagent for denitrification reaction.
The bottom of the secondary filtering tank is funnel-shaped, a main water outlet pipe is arranged at the lowest part of the funnel-shaped tank bottom, and the funnel-shaped tank bottom is beneficial to the concentration of solid dirt generated in the back flushing process near the main water outlet pipe and is discharged out of the tank through the main water outlet pipe. And an inflatable bracket b is arranged at a position above the main water outlet pipe, which is slightly higher than the top of the opening of the funnel-shaped tank bottom, and the inflatable bracket b plays roles of backflushing inflation and supporting drip filter filler. The secondary filter tank is provided with a porous water diversion sieve plate a close to the top, and the position of the water diversion sieve plate a is slightly lower than that of the overflow pipe b, so that water flowing out of the overflow pipe a and the overflow pipe b can completely pass through the water diversion sieve plate a and uniformly sprinkle on the drip filter filler. And drip filter fillers are filled between the water diversion sieve plate a and the support of the inflatable support b, and nitrifying bacteria grow on the drip filter fillers. The inflatable support b is provided with an air inlet pipe between the inflatable support b and the open top of the funnel-shaped tank bottom, one pipe orifice of the air inlet pipe is arranged inside the secondary filtering tank, the other pipe orifice is connected with an air blower, a large amount of air sent by the air blower is in contact with showering and water flowing down, so that harmful gases such as carbon dioxide in water are taken away, oxygen is dissolved into the water, and the water achieves a saturated dissolved oxygen state while achieving a degassing effect.
The nitrifying filler, the denitrifying filler and the trickling filter filler are all fixed corrugated inclined pipe fillers.
The inflatable support a, the inflatable support b and the inflatable support c are all made of hollow pipes, the interiors of the hollow pipes are completely communicated, inflatable holes are uniformly distributed in the wall of the hollow pipes, and when the inflatable support is in a backflushing state, high-pressure gas is uniformly dispersed at the bottom of the filler through the inflatable holes and rises to the water surface, so that the effects of stirring water in the bucket and cleaning the filler are achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention utilizes three mutually communicated pools with different water treatment effects to realize a plurality of important steps of denitrification decomposition, nitration decomposition, oxygenation, carbon dioxide removal, feces decomposition, residual bait decomposition and the like of the cultivation water, and the final products are nontoxic nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water, so that the aim of completely decomposing the biological excrement of cultivation is truly realized, and the technical bottleneck of the water treatment of the circulating water cultivation is solved.
2. The biological bacteria growing on the surfaces of all biological fillers are automatically grown in the cultivation process, a complex film forming process is not needed, the biological bacteria decomposing efficiency is more stable, the biological bacteria decomposing device is more suitable for the local water environment where the biological bacteria are located, the purpose of decomposing harmful substances such as feces, residual baits, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and nitrate in the cultivation water body in a scientific and environment-friendly way is achieved at one time, unnecessary equipment and facilities in the traditional process are reduced, the equipment cost and the operation cost are reduced, and the equipment also has the advantages of easiness in installation, easiness in maintenance, small occupied area, remarkable treatment effect and the like, and conforms to the future industry development trend of low carbon, environment protection, energy conservation and emission reduction.
3. The biological filler of the primary filter tank and the denitrification filter tank is completely immersed in water, and the filled biological filter material not only plays a role in decomposing harmful substances dissolved in the water through the microbial film, but also plays a role in binding, filtering, accumulating and decomposing large-particle solid excreta in the water. The additional filtering function of the equipment is increased, and meanwhile, the maintenance period of the equipment is also increased, so that the equipment can exert the effect more stably.
4. The design of the circulating pump of the denitrification filter in the invention ensures that the cultivation water still containing nitrate flows through the denitrification filler for a plurality of times after passing through the denitrification filler, so that the nitrate in the water is decomposed more thoroughly, and the denitrification filler can be kept to work stably in an anaerobic environment.
5. After the device is used for a period of time, the biological film growing on the surface of the sheet biological filler gradually ages, so that the filtering effect is reduced, the device is required to be backwashed, and the aged biological film on the surface of the inclined tube filler and the dirt accumulated among the biological fillers can be washed down only by filling a large amount of compressed gas from the gas filling tube during backwashing and stirring the water in the whole barrel. The back flushing process is simple to operate, the required time is short, the back flushing can be smoothly completed by simply opening and closing the valve, and the stability of the filtering effect of the whole equipment is ensured by back flushing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective side view of the present invention patent;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the inflatable stent of the present invention;
figure 3 is a side view of the water dividing screen of the present invention.
In the figure, 1: primary filter tank, 2: nitrifying filler, 3: overflow pipes a, 4: main inlet tube, 5: inflatable stents a, 6: recoil valves a, 7: recoil air tubes a, 8: a water inlet pipe of the denitrification filter tank, 9: flow control valve, 10: water lines a, 11: secondary filtration cell, 12: drip filter packing, 13: air inlet pipe, 14 main outlet pipe, 15: inflatable supports b, 16: recoil valves b, 17: recoil air tubes b, 18: blower, 19: water separation sieve plates a, 20: water lines b, 21: denitrification filter tank, 22: denitrification filler, 23: overflow pipes b, 24: pool bottom pipe, 25: inflatable stents c, 26: recoil valves c, 27: recoil trachea c, 28: circulation inlet tube, 29: water dividing screen b, 30: water lines c, 31: circulating water pump, 32: dosing tube, 33: check valve, 34: circulating water return pipe, 35: blow-down valve, 36: drain, 37: screen panel edge, 38: screen plate, 39: water holes, 40: inflation hole, 41: inflatable stent, 42: recoil of the trachea.
Detailed Description
The patent of the invention is further described below with reference to the examples of the drawings. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present patent, but are not intended to limit the present patent in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present patent.
As shown in figure 1, the zero-emission three-group biological filtration system for circulating water culture consists of three independent water tanks which are mutually communicated, wherein the three independent water tanks are a primary filtration tank, a secondary filtration tank and a denitrification filtration tank, and the zero-emission biological filtration system is characterized in that: the primary filter tank, the secondary filter tank and the denitrification filter tank are of other geometric shapes including but not limited to cylindrical, prismatic and the like, the bottoms of the three tanks are all funnel-shaped, the upper parts of the funnel-shaped tank bottoms are all provided with inflatable supports, biological fillers are arranged in the tanks above the supports, and the biological fillers are all fixed corrugated inclined pipe fillers.
The bottom of the primary filter tank is funnel-shaped, and a main water inlet pipe is arranged at the lowest part of the funnel-shaped tank bottom; an inflatable bracket a is arranged above the main water inlet pipe; an overflow pipe a connected to the secondary filter tank is arranged on the tank wall, close to the top, of the primary filter tank; the inside of the primary filter tank is filled with nitrifying filler between the overflow pipe a and the inflatable bracket a; the denitrification filter tank water inlet pipe is arranged at the position, close to the top, of the nitrifying filler, the water inlet of the denitrification filter tank water inlet pipe is buried in the nitrifying filler, the other end of the denitrification filter tank water inlet pipe is connected to a tank bottom pipe, and a flow control valve is arranged in the middle of the pipeline; the inflatable support a is connected with a recoil air pipe a, and the tail end of the recoil air pipe a is provided with a recoil valve a.
The bottom of the denitrification filter tank is funnel-shaped, and a tank bottom pipe is arranged at the lowest part of the funnel-shaped tank bottom; an inflatable bracket c is arranged above the pool bottom pipe; an overflow pipe b connected to the secondary filtering tank is arranged on the tank wall, close to the top, of the denitrification filtering tank; the lowest part of the pipeline of the overflow pipe b is lower than the lowest part of the pipeline of the overflow pipe a; the denitrification filter tank is internally filled with denitrification filler between the overflow pipe b and the inflatable bracket c; a water diversion sieve plate b is arranged between the top of the denitrification filler and the overflow pipe b; a circulating water inlet pipe is arranged between the lower part of the water diversion sieve plate b and the denitrification filler; the other end of the circulating water inlet pipe is connected with a circulating pump, and the water outlet end of the circulating pump is connected with a circulating water return pipe; the circulating water return pipe is provided with a dosing pipe close to the circulating pump, and the dosing pipe is provided with a one-way valve; the other end of the circulating water return pipe is connected to the bottom pipe of the pool; the inflatable support c is connected with a backflushing air pipe c, and the tail end of the backflushing air pipe c is provided with a backflushing valve c.
The bottom of the secondary filtering tank is funnel-shaped, and a main water outlet pipe is arranged at the lowest part of the funnel-shaped tank bottom; an inflatable bracket b is arranged above the main water outlet pipe; a water diversion screen plate a is arranged at the position, close to the top, of the secondary filtering pool, and the position of the water diversion screen plate a is slightly lower than that of the overflow pipe b; a drip filter filler is filled between the water diversion sieve plate a and the support of the inflatable support b; the inflatable bracket b is connected with a recoil air pipe b, and the tail end of the recoil air pipe b is provided with a recoil valve b; an air inlet pipe is arranged below the inflatable support b, a pipe orifice at one end of the air inlet pipe is arranged inside the secondary filter tank, and a blower is connected to a pipe orifice at the other end of the air inlet pipe.
The inflatable support a, the inflatable support b and the inflatable support c are identical in structure and are shown in an isometric view in the bottom view. The inflatable bracket is made of square tubes, the interiors of the square tubes are mutually communicated, and the connection parts among the square tubes are completely sealed; the inflatable bracket is fixed below the biological filler in the tank, and a plurality of inflatable holes for inflation are uniformly distributed on the pipe wall facing the bottom direction of the tank; the inflatable bracket is provided with a recoil air pipe which plays a role of air intake.
The water diversion screen plate a and the water diversion screen plate b are shown in figure 3, which is a side view of the structure. The water diversion screen plate is composed of a screen plate and peripheral screen plate edges, and a plurality of water passing holes are uniformly distributed on the screen plate and play a role in enabling water to uniformly flow through the screen plate.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
1. when the system works, sewage enters the first-stage filter tank through the main water inlet pipe below the first-stage filter tank, then the sewage uniformly and slowly flows through the nitrifying filler, impurities such as excrement in the water are clamped on the nitrifying filler, microorganisms growing on the surface of the nitrifying filler are used for decomposing the impurities, ammonia nitrogen dissolved in the water can be converted into nitrite by nitrifying bacteria growing on the surface of the nitrifying filler, the nitrifying bacteria are further converted into nitrate, and the total reaction formula of the nitrifying process is as follows: NH (NH) 4+ +1.83O 2 +1.98HCO 3 - →0.021C 5 H 7 O 2 N+0.98NO 3 - +1.04H 2 O+1.884H 2 CO 3
The water level in the primary filter tank is continuously increased to reach the position shown by the water level line a, and most of water overflows from the overflow pipe a to the water distributing sieve plate a of the secondary filter tank.
2. Because the nitrifying filler of the primary filter tank is internally buried with the water inlet pipe of the denitrification filter tank connected to the bottom of the denitrification filter tank, and the position of the overflow pipe b is lower than that of the overflow pipe a, the water level in the denitrification filter tank is lower than that of the primary filter tank, so that a small amount of water can automatically and continuously flow through the denitrification tank and flow into the water diversion sieve plate a of the secondary filter tank from the overflow pipe b. The water flows in from a bottom pipe at the bottom of the denitrification filter tank and slowly flows through the denitrification filler, at the moment, denitrifying bacteria growing on the surface of the denitrification filler dissolve nitrate in the water to be decomposed into nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water, and the total reaction formula in the denitrification process is as follows (methanol is taken as a carbon source as an example):
NO 3 - +1.08CH 3 OH+0.24H 2 CO 3 →0.056C 5 H 7 O 2 N+0.47N 2 ↑+1.68H 2 O+HCO 3 -
the nitrate-containing aquaculture water can not be reduced to the ideal concentration when flowing through the denitrification filler once, so that the circulating water pump is arranged, and the circulating water pump can re-suck the water flowing through the denitrification filler to the lower side of the denitrification filler, so that the water can flow through the denitrification filler repeatedly for a plurality of times, the denitrification filtration can be carried out more thoroughly, and the denitrification function of the equipment can be fully exerted. The denitrifying bacteria can normally decompose nitrate under the anaerobic condition, so the water diversion sieve plate b is arranged above the water inlet of the circulating water inlet pipe to prevent circulating water pump from sucking water which is dissolved with oxygen after contacting with air above the porous partition plate, thereby ensuring that the denitrifying filter tank is in an anaerobic environment and the denitrification reaction can be smoothly carried out.
The opening and closing of the flow control valve is regulated by measuring the nitrate content in the water flowing out of the overflow pipe b, so that the water quantity flowing through the denitrification filler is determined. If the nitrate content is too high, the flow control valve is closed, so that the reaction time between water and denitrifying bacteria growing on the surface of the denitrifying filler is increased, and the nitrate content is further reduced; if the nitrate content is too low, the large flow control valve is opened, so that the reaction time between water and denitrifying bacteria growing on the surface of the denitrifying filler is reduced, and the water quantity of denitrification treatment is increased. The specific adjustment is needed to obtain the optimal valve adjustment scheme by continuously tracking the nitrate content of water at the overflow pipe b when the cultivation production is normally carried out.
The chemical reagent (for example, methanol) required by denitrification reaction is added into the denitrification filter tank through a dosing pipe, and the circulating water pump enables the methanol to be uniformly mixed into water in the tank. The one-way valve prevents the water in the denitrification tank from flowing back to the dosing pipe.
3. The water flowing through the primary filter tank and the denitrification filter tank finally flows onto a water diversion sieve plate a positioned at the top of the secondary filter tank, the water diversion sieve plate a enables the water to be uniformly sprayed on the inclined tube filler, finally, the water is collected at the bottom of the secondary filter tank, and the water flows out of the system from the main water outlet pipe. In the process, water continuously collides with the inclined tube filler when flowing through the suspended inclined tube filler, the surface area of the water is increased to the greatest extent, and nitrifying bacteria growing on the inclined tube filler further decompose harmful substances in the water.
Meanwhile, a large amount of air is blown into the bottom of the secondary filtering tank by the air blower through the air inlet pipe, and is discharged from the top of the tank through the inclined pipe filler. The air fully contacts with the water sprayed, brings out harmful gases such as carbon dioxide in the water, and dissolves oxygen into the water. This process achieves the effects of deaeration and oxygen dissolution of the water.
4. After the equipment is operated for a period of time, the time when the filtering tank is backwashed is determined according to the water quality change of the water entering and exiting the filtering tank and the amount of the total solid matters decomposed by the filtering tank.
When the primary filter tank is backwashed: closing the water inlet and flow control valve of the main water inlet pipe, wherein the water level in the primary filter tank is at the lowest edge of the overflow pipe a, opening the backflushing valve a at the moment, spraying a large amount of high-pressure gas from the gas charging holes on the gas charging bracket a, stirring the water in the whole tank, and flushing the aged biomembrane on the surface of the nitrified filler; after the sewage in the tank is completely discharged from the main water inlet pipe after being inflated for many times, the water inlet and flow control valve of the main water inlet pipe is restarted, and the system is restored to the filtering state again.
When the denitrification filter tank is backwashed: closing the flow control valve and the circulating water pump, wherein the water level of the denitrification filter tank is at the lowest edge of the overflow pipe b, opening the backflushing valve c at the moment, spraying a large amount of high-pressure gas from the aeration holes on the aeration bracket c, stirring the water in the whole tank, and flushing the aged biological film on the surface of the denitrification filler; after the multiple inflation actions, the blow-down valve is opened to drain all water in the tank from the blow-down outlet, the blow-down valve is closed again, and the flow control valve and the circulating water pump are opened again, so that the denitrification filter tank is restored to the filtering state again.
When the secondary filter tank is backwashed: closing the water outlet of the main water outlet pipe, closing the water inlet of the main water inlet pipe when the water level rises to the lowest edge of the overflow pipe b, opening the recoil valve b at the moment, spraying a large amount of high-pressure gas from the gas charging holes on the gas charging bracket b, stirring the water in the whole tank, and flushing the aged biological film on the surface of the inclined pipe filler; after the sewage in the tank is completely discharged from the main water outlet pipe after the sewage is inflated for a plurality of times, the water inlet of the main water inlet pipe and the water outlet of the main water outlet pipe are restarted, and the system is restored to the filtering state again.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a three biological filtration system for circulating water aquaculture of zero release formula, this system comprises three independent ponds that one-level filtering ponds, second grade filtering ponds and denitrification filtering ponds communicate each other, its characterized in that: the primary filter tank, the secondary filter tank and the denitrification filter tank are cylindrical or prismatic, the bottoms of the three tanks are all funnel-shaped, inflatable supports are arranged above the bottoms of the funnel-shaped tanks, biological fillers are arranged in the tanks above the supports, and the biological fillers are all fixed inclined pipe fillers; the sewage to be treated enters the system from the main water inlet pipe, most of water flows into the water diversion sieve plate a of the secondary filtering tank from the overflow pipe a at the top after flowing through the nitrifying filler, and a small part of water enters the denitrification filtering tank from the water inlet pipe of the denitrification filtering tank, and the water entering the denitrification filtering tank repeatedly passes through the nitrifying filler by using the circulating water pump, finally flows into the water diversion sieve plate a of the secondary filtering tank from the overflow pipe b, the water diversion sieve plate a enables the water to be showered down, then water drops flow through the drip filtering filler and are concentrated at the bottom of the tank, and flow out of the system from the main water outlet pipe, and nitrifying bacteria grow on the drip filtering filler.
2. The zero-emission three-group biological filtration system for recirculating aquaculture of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the primary filter tank is funnel-shaped, and a main water inlet pipe is arranged at the lowest part of the funnel-shaped tank bottom; an inflatable bracket a is arranged above the main water inlet pipe; an overflow pipe a connected to the secondary filter tank is arranged on the tank wall, close to the top, of the primary filter tank; the inside of the primary filter tank is filled with nitrifying filler between the overflow pipe a and the inflatable bracket a; the denitrification filter tank water inlet pipe is arranged at the position, close to the top, of the nitrifying filler, the water inlet of the denitrification filter tank water inlet pipe is buried in the nitrifying filler, the other end of the denitrification filter tank water inlet pipe is connected to a tank bottom pipe, and a flow control valve is arranged in the middle of the pipeline; the inflatable support a is connected with a recoil air pipe a, and the tail end of the recoil air pipe a is provided with a recoil valve a.
3. The zero-emission three-group biological filtration system for recirculating aquaculture of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the denitrification filter tank is funnel-shaped, and a tank bottom pipe is arranged at the lowest part of the funnel-shaped tank bottom; an inflatable bracket c is arranged above the pool bottom pipe; an overflow pipe b connected to the secondary filtering tank is arranged on the tank wall, close to the top, of the denitrification filtering tank; the lowest part of the pipeline of the overflow pipe b is lower than the lowest part of the pipeline of the overflow pipe a; the denitrification filter tank is internally filled with denitrification filler between the overflow pipe b and the inflatable bracket c; a water diversion sieve plate b is arranged between the top of the denitrification filler and the overflow pipe b; a circulating water inlet pipe is arranged between the lower part of the water diversion sieve plate b and the denitrification filler; the other end of the circulating water inlet pipe is connected with a circulating pump, and the water outlet end of the circulating pump is connected with a circulating water return pipe; the circulating water return pipe is provided with a dosing pipe close to the circulating pump, and the dosing pipe is provided with a one-way valve; the other end of the circulating water return pipe is connected to the bottom pipe of the pool; the inflatable support c is connected with a backflushing air pipe c, and the tail end of the backflushing air pipe c is provided with a backflushing valve c.
4. The zero-emission three-group biological filtration system for recirculating aquaculture of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the secondary filtering tank is funnel-shaped, and a main water outlet pipe is arranged at the lowest part of the funnel-shaped tank bottom; an inflatable bracket b is arranged above the main water outlet pipe; a water diversion screen plate a is arranged at the position, close to the top, of the secondary filtering pool, and the position of the water diversion screen plate a is slightly lower than that of the overflow pipe b; a drip filter filler is filled between the water diversion sieve plate a and the support of the inflatable support b; the inflatable bracket b is connected with a recoil air pipe b, and the tail end of the recoil air pipe b is provided with a recoil valve b; an air inlet pipe is arranged below the inflatable support b, a pipe orifice at one end of the air inlet pipe is arranged inside the secondary filter tank, and a blower is connected to a pipe orifice at the other end of the air inlet pipe.
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| CN102499131A (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2012-06-20 | 莱州明波水产有限公司 | Energy-saving factorized fully-sealed seawater circulation culture process method and special device thereof |
| CN103332828A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2013-10-02 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Energy-saving efficient circulation water cultivation method |
| CN103570193A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-02-12 | 苏州依科曼生物农业科技有限公司 | Circulating water treatment method and equipment for fish egg incubation |
| WO2017088823A1 (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-06-01 | 上海凡清环境工程有限公司 | Integrated synchronized nitrification and denitrification sewage treatment apparatus |
| CN208200514U (en) * | 2018-03-17 | 2018-12-07 | 顾向前 | Three groups of formula circulating water cultivation biological filter systems of zero-emission type |
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2018
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102499131A (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2012-06-20 | 莱州明波水产有限公司 | Energy-saving factorized fully-sealed seawater circulation culture process method and special device thereof |
| CN103332828A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2013-10-02 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Energy-saving efficient circulation water cultivation method |
| CN103570193A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-02-12 | 苏州依科曼生物农业科技有限公司 | Circulating water treatment method and equipment for fish egg incubation |
| WO2017088823A1 (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-06-01 | 上海凡清环境工程有限公司 | Integrated synchronized nitrification and denitrification sewage treatment apparatus |
| CN208200514U (en) * | 2018-03-17 | 2018-12-07 | 顾向前 | Three groups of formula circulating water cultivation biological filter systems of zero-emission type |
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