CN110261432A - Non-embedded multilayer materials thermal coefficient steady state measurement method - Google Patents
Non-embedded multilayer materials thermal coefficient steady state measurement method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of non-embedded multilayer materials thermal coefficient steady state measurement methods, method is the following steps are included: multilayer materials include g layers of composite layer, material layer m clamping to be identified is wherein, the thermal coefficient of material layer m to be identified is divided into n sections according to temperature, every section of thermal coefficient is the linear function of temperature, 2n group material heat-proof quality testing experiment is done to multilayer materials, the boundary condition of material heat-proof quality testing experiment includes that hot-fluid boundary is determined at the positive fixed warm boundary of multilayer materials and the multilayer materials back side, after multilayer materials thermostabilization, measure and record the temperature value at the multilayer materials back side, one-dimensional model is generated based on multilayer materials, and two one-dimensional models are separated by boundary of material layer to be identified, two one-dimensional models are based respectively on the generation of its boundary condition Its temperature field generates every section of thermal coefficient of material layer to be identified based on temperature field, to obtain the measured value of material layer thermal coefficient to be identified.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thermal conduction study field, especially a kind of non-embedded multilayer materials thermal coefficient steady state measurement side
Method.
Background technique
In aerospace field, due to the extreme and complexity of application environment, hypersonic aircraft outer wall is adopted more
With high-fire resistance multilayer materials.Multilayer materials are suppressed by several material superpositions of different nature, are had excellent
Good machinery and thermal insulation properties.The hot physical property for accurately obtaining every layer material is prerequisite using multilayer materials.Subject to
Really obtain under different use environments the heat-proof quality of typical multilayer materials, backing material application assessment, need to carry out it is typical every
Hot material performance test.When existing measuring technique measures the thermal coefficient of certain layer material of multilayer materials,
Multilayer materials need to be disassembled and be opened or by inside detector insertion material, thus will cause the damage of multilayer materials.Or
Person can cause measurement result inaccurate when heat conducting coefficient measuring after wherein certain layer material individually takes out because heat loss through radiation is excessive
Really.Therefore, a kind of non-embedded lossless fast measurement technique of the thermal coefficient for layering a certain in multilayer materials exists
There is significant application value in Practical Project and experiment.
Disclosed above- mentioned information are used only for enhancing the understanding to background of the present invention in the background section, it is thus possible to
Information comprising not constituting the prior art known to a person of ordinary skill in the art in home.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in view of the above-mentioned problems, give non-embedded multilayer materials thermal coefficient steady state measurement method so as to
Nondestructive measurement is carried out to the thermal coefficient of layering a certain in multilayer materials.The purpose of the present invention is by the following technical programs
Be achieved, a kind of non-embedded multilayer materials thermal coefficient steady state measurement method the following steps are included:
In first step, multilayer materials include g layers of composite layer, wherein material layer m to be identified is clamped in it
In, the thermal coefficient of material layer m to be identified is divided into n sections of thermal coefficients according to temperature, every section of thermal coefficient is the primary of temperature
Function does 2n group material heat-proof quality testing experiment, the boundary condition of material heat-proof quality testing experiment to multilayer materials
Hot-fluid boundary is determined including the positive fixed warm boundary of multilayer materials and the multilayer materials back side, when multilayer materials heat
After stabilization, the temperature value at the multilayer materials back side is measured and recorded,
In second step, based on the multilayer materials generate one-dimensional model, and using material layer to be identified as boundary by its
Two one-dimensional models are separated into, generate the boundary condition of two one-dimensional models, two one-dimensional moulds respectively based on the boundary condition
Type is based respectively on its boundary condition and generates its temperature field,
In third step, every section of thermal coefficient of material layer to be identified is generated based on the temperature field, it is to be identified to obtain
The measured value of material layer thermal coefficient.
In the method, in material heat-proof quality testing experiment, the front and back of multilayer materials applies heat punching
It hits, remaining surface insulation, the thermal shock of material heat-proof quality testing experiment are as follows: the fixed warm boundary of multilayer materials front setting,
Hot-fluid boundary is determined at the multilayer materials back side, and temperature sensor is arranged in the back side of multilayer materials, works as MULTILAYER COMPOSITE
After material reaches thermostabilization, the temperature value at the multilayer materials back side is measured and recorded.
In the method, first step, every section of thermal coefficient is indicated are as follows:Wherein,
For the thermal conductivity value of jth temperature section material to be identified, j=1~n, T are temperature, ajAnd bjIndicate jth temperature section material to be identified
Expect two coefficients of thermal coefficient.
In the method, in second step, two one-dimensional models are AC sections of one-dimensional models and DB sections of one-dimensional models, AC sections
The Temperature Distribution of one-dimensional model and DB sections of one-dimensional models is all satisfied:
AC sections of one-dimensional model boundary conditions are as follows:
DB sections of one-dimensional model boundary conditions are as follows:
Obtain the temperature value of material C point and D point to be identifiedWith
Wherein, x is coordinate, and K is the thermal coefficient of each layer of the multilayer materials other than layer m, and T is temperature, and i is material
Heat-proof quality testing experiment serial number,For the positive temperature setting of multilayer materials of i group material heat-proof quality testing experiment
Value,For the hot-fluid setting value at the multilayer materials back side of i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment, l1For AC sections of materials
Overall thickness, l2For the overall thickness of DB sections of materials,Reach multilayer after thermostabilization for i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment
The measured temperature at the composite material back side.
In the method, in third step, wherein in i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment, in material to be identified
Portion's temperature meetsIn i+1 group material heat-proof quality testing experiment, material internal temperature to be identified
Degree meets following equation:
In i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment, C point temperature value is
D point temperature value isIn i+1 group material heat-proof quality testing experiment, C point temperature value isD point temperature value isThe temperature value of the two positions is substituted into obtain two coefficient a of jth temperature section thermal coefficientjAnd bj。
Compared to the prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
Existing measuring technique is mostly using homogenous material as measurement object, to certain layer of unknown hot physical property material of multilayer materials
When the thermal coefficient of material measures, multilayer materials need to be disassembled and open independent measurement or by inside detector insertion material,
It thus will cause the damage of multilayer materials.The present invention can be only multiple in multilayer under the premise of not destroying multilayer materials
Temperature sensor is arranged at the condensation material back side, passes through the temperature change at the material heat-proof quality testing experiment recording materials back side.Pass through
This series of temperature data can calculate the thermal coefficient that wherein a certain layer material to be identified varies with temperature, and can be to leading
Hot coefficient realization is recognized according to temperature section, keeps measurement result precision higher.This method is by multilayer materials integrally conduct
Measurement object calculates the thermal coefficient of wherein a certain layer material to be identified according to temperature data, compared with prior art, can be real
Now to the lossless whole measurement of multilayer materials, have the advantages that be simple and efficient.
Detailed description of the invention
By reading the detailed description in hereafter preferred embodiment, various other advantages and benefits of the present invention
It will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.Figure of description only for the purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments,
And it is not to be construed as limiting the invention.It should be evident that drawings discussed below is only some embodiments of the present invention,
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings
Other attached drawings.And throughout the drawings, identical component is presented with like reference characters.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the multi-layer composite materials of non-embedded multilayer materials thermal coefficient steady state measurement method of the present invention
The model schematic of material;
Fig. 2 (a), Fig. 2 (b), Fig. 2 (c) are that non-embedded multilayer materials thermal coefficient stable state of the present invention is surveyed
The one-dimensional mathematics physics model figure and model separation schematic diagram of amount method;
The step of Fig. 3 is non-embedded multilayer materials thermal coefficient steady state measurement method of the present invention signal
Figure.
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the present invention will be further explained.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment that the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although being shown in attached drawing of the invention
Specific embodiment, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the present invention without that should be limited by embodiments set forth here
System.It is to be able to thoroughly understand the present invention on the contrary, providing these embodiments, and can be complete by the scope of the present invention
Be communicated to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that having used some vocabulary in the specification and claims to censure specific components.Ability
Field technique personnel it would be appreciated that, technical staff may call the same component with different nouns.This specification and right
It is required that not in such a way that the difference of noun is as component is distinguished, but with the difference of component functionally as differentiation
Criterion."comprising" or " comprising " as mentioned throughout the specification and claims are an open language, therefore should be solved
It is interpreted into " including but not limited to ".Specification subsequent descriptions are to implement better embodiment of the invention, so the description be with
For the purpose of the rule of specification, the range that is not intended to limit the invention.Protection scope of the present invention is when the appended right of view
It is required that subject to institute's defender.
In order to facilitate understanding of embodiments of the present invention, further by taking specific embodiment as an example below in conjunction with attached drawing to be solved
Explanation is released, and each attached drawing does not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.
In order to better understand, as shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, a kind of non-embedded multilayer materials thermal coefficient steady state measurement
Method the following steps are included:
In first step S100, multilayer materials include g layers of composite layer, wherein material layer m to be identified is clamped in
Wherein, the thermal coefficient of material layer m to be identified is divided into n sections according to temperature, every section of thermal coefficient is the linear function of temperature, right
Multilayer materials do 2n group material heat-proof quality testing experiment, and the boundary condition of material heat-proof quality test includes MULTILAYER COMPOSITE
Hot-fluid boundary is determined at the positive fixed warm boundary of material and the multilayer materials back side, after multilayer materials thermostabilization, measurement
And the temperature value at the multilayer materials back side is recorded,
In second step S200, one-dimensional model is generated based on the multilayer materials, and using material layer to be identified as boundary
Two one-dimensional models are separated into, generate the boundary condition of two one-dimensional models respectively based on the boundary condition, two one
Dimension module is based respectively on its boundary condition and generates its temperature field,
In third step S300, every section of thermal coefficient of material layer to be identified is generated based on the temperature field, with obtain to
Recognize the measured value of material layer thermal coefficient.
For a further understanding of the present invention, in one embodiment,
It 1) is as shown in Figure 1 one piece of multilayer materials schematic diagram being made of g layer material, wherein including one piece of thermally conductive system
The unknown material to be identified of number, number m, and its thermal coefficient is the function of temperature.All hot physical property of remaining material are equal
For it is known that number is as shown in the figure.User is divided into n sections according to temperature according to self-demand, by the thermal coefficient of material to be identified, often
Section thermal coefficient is the linear function of temperature.2n group material heat-proof quality testing experiment is done to multilayer materials.Each group of material
Expect that heat-proof quality testing experiment is to apply thermal shock, remaining surface insulation, when more in the front and back of multilayer materials
After layer composite material reaches thermostabilization, the thermal response of material is observed.Thermal shock (the perimeter strip of material heat-proof quality testing experiment
Part) are as follows: it gives the setting of multilayer materials front fixed warm boundary, determines hot-fluid boundary to the multilayer materials back side.In multilayer
The back side arrangement temperature sensor of composite material measures and records the material back side after multilayer materials reach thermostabilization
Temperature value.
2) multilayer materials of Fig. 1 can simplify as the one-dimensional mathematics physics model as shown in Fig. 2 (a).Coordinate origin
In material front, it is denoted as A point.B point is the material back side.Known materials known to hot physical property are shown with AC sections and DB segment table respectively, this
Two sections can have known materials known to Multi-layer thermal physical property.CD segment table shows the unknown material to be identified of thermal coefficient.The temperature of A point
Degree is it is known that known to the hot-fluid of B point.One-dimensional model shown in Fig. 2 (a) is separated into two independent moulds by boundary of material to be identified
Type, as shown in Fig. 2 (b) and Fig. 2 (c).The one-dimensional model that Fig. 2 (b) is known materials AC sections, the boundary condition of the one-dimensional model
Are as follows: A point temperature is it is known that be equal to the temperature value of Fig. 2 (a) model A point, and C point hot-fluid is it is known that be equal to the hot-fluid of Fig. 2 (a) Model B point
Value.The one-dimensional model that Fig. 2 (c) is known materials DB sections, the boundary condition of the one-dimensional model are as follows: D point hot-fluid is it is known that be equal to Fig. 2
(a) heat flow value of Model B point, B point temperature is it is known that be equal to the temperature value at the multilayer materials back side that step 1) measurement obtains.
In step 1), after the thermal coefficient of material to be identified is divided into n sections according to temperature, 2n group material heat-proof quality need to be done
Testing experiment.After i-th group of (i=1~2n) material heat-proof quality testing experiment, for Fig. 2 (b) institute representation model, AC sections
Temperature Distribution meets following governing equation:
Boundary condition are as follows:
After i-th group of (i=1~2n) material heat-proof quality testing experiment, for Fig. 2 (c) institute representation model, DB sections of temperature
Degree distribution equally meets governing equation (1).Boundary condition are as follows:
Wherein, x is coordinate, and K is the thermal coefficient of each layer of the multilayer materials other than layer m, and T is temperature, and i is material
Heat-proof quality testing experiment serial number,For the positive temperature setting of multilayer materials of i group material heat-proof quality testing experiment
Value,For the hot-fluid setting value at the multilayer materials back side of i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment, l1For AC sections of materials
Overall thickness, l2For the overall thickness of DB sections of materials,Reach multilayer after thermostabilization for i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment
The measured temperature at the composite material back side.
It solves equation (1), (2a) and (2b), in available i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment, material to be identified
The temperature value of C pointIt solves equation (1), (3a) and (3b), in available i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment, to
Recognize the temperature value of material D point
4) in step 1), the thermal coefficient of material to be identified is divided into n sections according to temperature, and every section of thermal coefficient is temperature
Linear function may be expressed as:
For the thermal conductivity value of jth (j=1~n) temperature section material to be identified, T is temperature, as it is assumed that be identified
Material thermal conductivity is linear distribution in each temperature section, therefore ajAnd bjIndicate the thermally conductive system of jth temperature section material to be identified
Two coefficients of number form formula.Two coefficient a of each temperature section thermal coefficientjAnd bjIt needs to survey by two groups of material heat-proof qualities
It has a try and tests determination, therefore, the form of n sections of thermal coefficients needs 2n group material heat-proof quality testing experiment to determine in total.For true
Determine i-th group and i+1 (i=1~2n) group material heat-proof quality test examination of jth temperature section material thermal conductivity value to be identified
It tests, wherein material internal temperature to be identified meets following equation in i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment:
In i+1 group material heat-proof quality testing experiment, material internal temperature to be identified meets following equation:
For i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment setting the multilayer materials back side heat flow value,It is
The heat flow value at the multilayer materials back side of i+1 group material heat-proof quality testing experiment setting.To equation (5) and (6) wait distinguish
Know materials A C sections of upper integral, respectively:
ciAnd ci+1It was integrated for i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment and i+1 group material heat-proof quality testing experiment
The constant term generated in journey.According to the calculated result of step 3), in i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment, C point temperature value isD point temperature value isIn i+1 group material heat-proof quality testing experiment, C point temperature value isD point temperature value
ForThe temperature value of these positions, which is substituted into equation (7) and (8), to be obtained:
1m is the thickness of material to be identified.Simultaneous equations (9a) arrive (9d), can be in the hope of the two of jth temperature section thermal coefficient
A coefficient ajAnd bj, so that it is determined that the form of material jth temperature section thermal coefficient to be identified.
For the n section thermal coefficient of material to be identified, choose respectively corresponding in 2n group material heat-proof quality testing experiment
Two groups of tests carry out above-mentioned solution, can determine the form of each section of thermal coefficient respectively.All calculate after the completion of, can obtain to
Recognize material thermal conductivity value related with temperature.
Non-embedded multilayer materials thermal coefficient steady state measurement method of the invention can be used for multilayer materials and lead
Hot coefficient measurement and the testing experiment interpretation of result of material heat-proof quality.
In the preferred embodiment of the method, in material heat-proof quality testing experiment, the front of multilayer materials
Apply thermal shock, remaining surface insulation, the thermal shock of material heat-proof quality testing experiment with the back side are as follows: multilayer materials front
Hot-fluid boundary is determined at the fixed warm boundary of setting, the multilayer materials back side, and temperature sensor is arranged in the back of multilayer materials
Face measures and records the temperature value at the multilayer materials back side after multilayer materials reach thermostabilization.
In the preferred embodiment of the method, first step S100, every section of thermal coefficient is indicated are as follows:Wherein,For the thermal conductivity value of jth temperature section material to be identified, j=1~n, T are temperature
Degree, ajAnd bjIndicate two coefficients of jth temperature section material thermal conductivity to be identified.
In the preferred embodiment of the method, in second step S200, two one-dimensional models are AC sections of one-dimensional models
With DB sections of one-dimensional models, the Temperature Distribution of AC sections of one-dimensional models and DB sections of one-dimensional models is all satisfied:
AC sections of one-dimensional model boundary conditions are as follows:
DB sections of one-dimensional model boundary conditions are as follows:
Obtain the temperature value of material C point and D point to be identifiedWith
Wherein, x is coordinate, and K is the thermal coefficient of each layer of the multilayer materials other than layer m, and T is temperature, and i is material
Heat-proof quality testing experiment serial number,For the positive temperature setting of multilayer materials of i group material heat-proof quality testing experiment
Value,For the hot-fluid setting value at the multilayer materials back side of i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment, l1For AC sections of materials
Overall thickness, l2For the overall thickness of DB sections of materials,Reach multilayer after thermostabilization for i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment
The measured temperature at the composite material back side.
In the preferred embodiment of the method, in third step S300, wherein i-th group of material heat-proof quality test examination
In testing, material internal temperature to be identified meetsI+1 group material heat-proof quality testing experiment
In, material internal temperature to be identified meets following equation:
In i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment, C point temperature value isD point
Temperature value isIn i+1 group material heat-proof quality testing experiment, C point temperature value isD point temperature value is
The temperature value of the two positions is substituted into obtain two coefficient a of jth temperature section thermal coefficientjAnd bj。
In one embodiment, method the following steps are included:
1) thermal coefficient of material to be identified is divided into n sections according to temperature, every section of thermal coefficient according to self-demand by user
It is the linear function of temperature.2n group material heat-proof quality testing experiment is done to multilayer materials.The test examination of material heat-proof quality
The boundary condition tested are as follows: to the fixed warm boundary of the front setting of multilayer materials, to the fixed heat of back side setting of multilayer materials
Flow boundary.After multilayer materials reach thermostabilization, the temperature value at the multilayer materials back side is measured and recorded.
2) multilayer materials are reduced to one-dimensional model, and are separated into two models by boundary of material to be identified.
The boundary condition of two models is set according to the boundary condition of material heat-proof quality testing experiment.
3) the hot physical property of the boundary condition of material heat-proof quality testing experiment and layers of material is substituted into two after separation
Model solves obtain the temperature field of two models respectively.
4) obtained temperature field is solved according to step 3) and determines every section of material thermal coefficient related with temperature to be identified, obtained
Obtain the measured value of material thermal conductivity to be identified.
Although embodiment of the present invention is described in conjunction with attached drawing above, the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Specific embodiments and applications field, above-mentioned specific embodiment are only schematical, directiveness, rather than restricted
's.Those skilled in the art are under the enlightenment of this specification and in the range for not departing from the claims in the present invention and being protected
In the case where, a variety of forms can also be made, these belong to the column of protection of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of non-embedded multilayer materials thermal coefficient steady state measurement method, the described method comprises the following steps:
In first step (S100), multilayer materials include g layers of composite layer, wherein material layer m to be identified is clamped in it
In, the thermal coefficient of material layer m to be identified is divided into n sections according to temperature, every section of thermal coefficient is the linear function of temperature, to more
Layer composite material does 2n group material heat-proof quality testing experiment, and the boundary condition of material heat-proof quality testing experiment includes that multilayer is multiple
Hot-fluid boundary is determined at the positive fixed warm boundary of condensation material and the multilayer materials back side, after multilayer materials thermostabilization, is surveyed
The temperature value at the multilayer materials back side is measured and records,
In second step (S200), one-dimensional model is generated based on the multilayer materials, and will by boundary of material layer to be identified
It is separated into two one-dimensional models, generates the boundary condition of two one-dimensional models respectively based on the boundary condition, and two one-dimensional
Model is based respectively on its boundary condition and generates its temperature field,
In third step (S300), every section of thermal coefficient of material layer to be identified is generated, based on the temperature field to obtain wait distinguish
Know the measured value of material layer thermal coefficient.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, it is preferred that in material heat-proof quality testing experiment, multilayer materials
Front and back apply thermal shock, remaining surface insulation, the thermal shock of material heat-proof quality testing experiment are as follows: multi-layer composite materials
Hot-fluid boundary is determined at the fixed warm boundary of material front setting, the multilayer materials back side, and temperature sensor is arranged in multi-layer composite materials
The back side of material measures and records the temperature value at the multilayer materials back side after multilayer materials reach thermostabilization.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, first step (S100), every section of thermal coefficient indicates are as follows:Wherein,For the thermal conductivity value of jth temperature section material to be identified, j=1~n, T are temperature,
ajAnd bjIndicate two coefficients of jth temperature section material thermal conductivity to be identified.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, wherein, in second step (S200), two one-dimensional models are AC sections of one-dimensional moulds
The Temperature Distribution of type and DB sections of one-dimensional models, AC sections of one-dimensional models and DB sections of one-dimensional models is all satisfied:
AC sections of one-dimensional model boundary conditions are as follows:
DB sections of one-dimensional model boundary conditions are as follows:
Obtain the temperature value of material C point and D point to be identifiedWith
Wherein, x is coordinate, and K is the thermal coefficient of each layer of the multilayer materials other than layer m, and T is temperature, and i is that material is heat-insulated
Performance test serial number,For the positive desired temperature of multilayer materials of i group material heat-proof quality testing experiment,For the hot-fluid setting value at the multilayer materials back side of i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment, l1For the total of AC sections of materials
Thickness, l2For the overall thickness of DB sections of materials,Reach multi-layer composite materials after thermostabilization for i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment
Expect the measured temperature at the back side.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, wherein, in third step (S300), wherein i-th group of material heat-proof quality test
In test, material internal temperature to be identified meetsThe test examination of i+1 group material heat-proof quality
In testing, material internal temperature to be identified meets following equation:
In i-th group of material heat-proof quality testing experiment, C point temperature value isD point temperature
Angle value isIn i+1 group material heat-proof quality testing experiment, C point temperature value isD point temperature value isIt will
The temperature value of the two positions substitutes into obtain two coefficient a of jth temperature section thermal coefficientjAnd bj。
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